CHARGE

Abstract

A charge comprises a case, the bottom of which has disposed therein an explosive cartridge, on the inside surface of which cartridge there is mounted a liner. Opposite the bottom, an upper portion of the case is cylindrical and threaded and is provided with a threaded bushing, which is mounted such as to abut the liner and has a through aperture with a diameter that is less than the inside diameter of the liner. The threaded sleeve has an internal or an external thread and the upper portion of the case has an external or an internal thread accordingly. The threaded sleeve has recesses about its periphery for the installation of a removable turning means. The bottom and the outside surface of the cartridge are conical. The liner is configured with a cylindrical shoulder in its upper part and has a height which is greater than that of the cartridge.

Claims

1. A charge containing a case, in a tapering bottom of which an explosive cartridge is placed, a cavity is mounted on an inner surface of the cartridge, and an upper part opposite to the bottom is made cylindrical with a threaded bushing, characterized in that the threaded bushing is made with grooves along a periphery to install a detachable tool of rotation and with a through hole having a diameter smaller than an internal diameter of the cavity, and installed until tight to the cavity.

2. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the case is made with an external thread, and the thrust threaded bushing is made with an internal thread and with grooves in a form of blind pin-mounting holes for the detachable tool of rotation.

3. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the case is made with an internal thread, and the thrust threaded bushing is made with an external thread and with grooves in a form of radial slots for shoulders of the detachable tool of rotation.

4. The charge according to claim 1 claim, characterized in that the case is made to be fixed mounted.

5. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that a thread connection of the threaded bushing with the upper part of the case is fixed against self-unscrewing.

6. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the case and an outer surface of the cartridge are made conical.

7. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the cartridge is made hollow with a conical internal surface.

8. The charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity is made with a cylindrical band in the upper part and higher than the explosive cartridge.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawings:

[0027] The drawing in FIG. 1 shows the diagram of the charge and its assembly in the case of the external thread on the case;

[0028] FIG. 2 shows the diagram of the charge and its assembly in the case of the internal thread on the case;

[0029] FIG. 3 shows the installation of the detachable tool of rotation on the charge made according to FIG. 1;

[0030] FIG. 4 shows the installation of the detachable tool of rotation on the charge made according to FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0031] The charge contains a case (metal, glass or plastic), in the bottom (lower part of the case) 1 of which the explosive cartridge 2 is placed, and the upper part 5 opposite to the bottom 1 is made cylindrical. The charge is provided with the thrust threaded bushing (detachable cover) 4, and the upper part 5 of the case is threaded for attaching the threaded bushing 4 until tight to the cavity 3, if any, or to the cartridge 2. The hole 7 in the bottom 1, which serves to transfer detonation and arm the charge, may be blind or plugged by the insert (not shown).

[0032] In the case of embodiment, shown in FIG. 1, the upper part 5 of the case is made in the form of a cup (cover) with external thread, and the thrust threaded bushing 4 is provided with an internal thread and a stop (thrust shoulder) 6.

[0033] The grooves are made in the form of blind cylindrical holes 8 for the cylindrical pins 9 of the detachable rotating unit 10.

[0034] The threaded bushing (fastener puck) 4 is in this case screwed onto the upper part 5 of the case.

[0035] In the case of embodiment, shown in FIG. 2, the upper part 5 of the case is made with internal thread, and the thrust threaded bushing 4 made in the form of a cylindrical fastener puck (cover) with external (outer) thread. The threaded bushing (fastener puck) 4 is in this case screwed into the upper part 5 of the case. The grooves are made in the form of diametrical through radial (transverse) slots 12 for shoulders 13 of the detachable rotating unit 14.

[0036] Threaded joints may be sealed with gaskets, seals or sealants (not shown).

[0037] The bottom 1 and the upper part 5 of the case may be made as a whole or a compound part. The bushing 4 may also be made as a whole or a compound part, solid or with a hole through the center.

[0038] The bottom 1 of the case and the outside surface of cartridge 2 are made, as a rule, conical.

[0039] The cartridge 2 is made, as a rule, hollow with a cone interior.

[0040] In the interior of cartridge 2, as a rule, a thin-walled cone cavity 3 is installed.

[0041] The explosive cartridges 2 are fabricated with no outside help.

[0042] The cartridge 2 may be both prefabricated items made from explosive (pressed, molded by melting or polymerization, turned worked), and items made from a plastic explosive.

[0043] The cartridge is assembled in the following way.

[0044] In the case of embodiment as per FIG. 1, the explosive cartridge 2 is put into bottom cone of the charge's case 1, the cavity 3 is inserted into the cartridge cone 2, then the bushing 4 is screwed onto the upper part 5 of the case, until the end of cavity 3, if available, or partridge 2 bumps into a special shoulder 6 of the bushing 4. Screwing is made by the detachable tool 10, the cylindrical pins 9 of which are inserted into holes 8.

[0045] The detachable tool 10 is a round washer with a wrench-receiving hole 11 and two pins 9. The pins 9 of the washer are inserted into the holes 8, and a wrench is inserted into the square hole 11 and screwing/ unscrewing is performed.

[0046] In the case of embodiment as per FIG. 2, the explosive cartridge 2 is put into bottom cone of the charge case 1, the cavity 3 is inserted into the cartridge cone 2, then the bushing 4 is screwed onto the upper part 5 of the case, until it bumps into the end of cavity 3, if available, or the end of partridge 2. Screwing is performed by detachable tool 14, the shoulders 13 of which are inserted into slots 12.

[0047] The detachable tool 14 is a plate with a length corresponding to outer diameter of the bushing 4. The shoulders 13 are inserted into slots 12, the big flange of the plate rests on the case 1 walls, in order to avoid twisting, falling inside the charge. In the center of the tool plate 14, a square is attached to which the wrench is inserted and screwing/unscrewing is performed.

[0048] In order to install the bushing 4, the case 1 is designed to be fixed mounted (fixation), i.e. it is advisable to fix the case 1 in place of operation. For example, on the surface of case 1 (on the outer conical or cylindrical part) two parallel grooves for out-of-fixture fixation are made. In other cases, a special tool is used, inside which the lower part of the case 1 is placed and fixed by turning the bolt via a through radial threaded hole (not shown).

[0049] Thus, in each of the embodiments of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the cartridge 2 is definitely fixed in the case by connecting the threads of the upper part 5 of the case 4 to the thread of the bushing 4.

[0050] At that, the explosive cartridge 2 and cavity 3 are inserted into the case (shell) freely or with minimal effort, not requiring industrial powerful press equipment. The charge may be assembled either manually or by means of devices with a controlled effort of tightening the thread of the bushing 4 on the charge case, followed by locking the bushing 4, for example by notching in thread (LOCKNUT contrer. professional Stop, make stationary) against self-unscrewing. Also, a bonding agent, for example a sealant or glue, can be applied to the fillets of screw of the threaded bushing 4 with the upper part 5 of the case, which prevents unauthorized disassembly of the charge.

[0051] The cartridge can be initially fixed in the case by means of threaded, key or other methods (not shown).

[0052] It is advisable to deliver the cases and explosive cartridges to the storage site (arsenal) separately, since the claimed design allows for simple, not requiring industrial equipment and high-skilled personnel, assembly of charges at the place of storage or operation.

[0053] The unfilled cases compose the main bulk and volume of the transport cargo, on which no explosives safety requirements are to be imposed and general-purpose transportation means may be used. The explosive cartridges are transported independently, by special transport, with observance of requirements for transportation of explosives. The mass of explosive cartridges is several times smaller than the mass of the cases and much less special vehicles (specially equipped wagons, cars) and trained accompanying personnel are required for their transportation. For some explosives, it is possible to transport the explosive cartridge in water or a special inert liquid, which excludes unauthorized access and mechanical influences on the explosive during it transportation.

[0054] The use of charges is made in the usual way for their intended purpose when performing various engineering tasks or as ammunition. When using charges, an explosive explodes, releasing heat and forming intensively heated gases. High-pressure gases produce a destructive effect, accompanied by propagation of so-called shock wave. Cumulative charges, during explosion of which a directed jet of high impact concentration is formed due to cavity 3, which provides a penetrating effect to a considerable depth, are used to penetrate large width of armored and reinforced concrete structures.

[0055] The charge is dismantled in the reverse order, and the following is provided for this design: [0056] the possibility, after removal of the bushing 4, of a technologically uncomplicated assembly and extraction (and even shaking out) of the cartridge 2 without its destruction, which allows for more detailed study (of density, geometry, detonation velocity, etc.) to determine the expediency of disposal or the possibility of further use of the charges' lot; [0057] the case (1,5) of the charge, explosive of the cartridge 2 and cavity 3 (in case of a cumulative charge) are easily separated, may be used repeatedly or recycled separately; [0058] explosive of the cartridge 2 when installed in the case and when recovered from it, is not subjected to a physico-chemical modification; [0059] with this design of the charge, it is ensured, if necessary, the disposal of all the material of the cartridge 2 explosive, as well as the repeated use of the parts.

[0060] Thus, the proposed design provides safety and simplification of fabrication technique and disassembling of a charge, safety of storage and transportation, stability of the explosive' properties, with the possibility of full repeated use of parts after disassembly.

[0061] The prototypes of the device confirmed the achievement of the technical result and the advisability of using the invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

[0062] This invention is implemented using modern equipment available in the industry.