Abstract
A panel including a core, a top side, an underside, a first edge pair and a second edge pair. The first edge pair has a groove profile at a panel edge and a complementary tongue profile at the opposite panel edge, which are lockable by a pivotal movement and positively lock so that movement of locked panels away from each other in the plane of the panels is opposed. At its opposite panel edges the second edge pair has a complementary receiving hook and an arresting hook. The arresting hook is assembled to the receiving hook by a joining movement in a plane perpendicular to the panel plane by the pivotal movement for the first edge pair. The receiving hook or the arresting hook has a holding groove for a separate locking element that provides vertical locking. A butting surface is arranged at the receiving hook substantially orthogonal to the top side. The arresting hook has a counterpart butting surface substantially orthogonal to the top side. The second edge pair has at least one sealing nose at a lower end of the counterpart butting surface of the arresting hook or at a lower end of the butting surface of the receiving hook. The sealing nose extends parallel to the respective panel edge over the entire length of the counterpart butting surface or the butting surface.
Claims
1-10. (canceled)
11. A panel comprising a panel core, a panel top side, a panel underside and a first edge pair and a second edge pair, wherein the first edge pair is provided with a groove profile at a panel edge and a tongue profile complementary thereto at the opposite panel edge, which are lockable by a pivotal movement and then cooperate in positively locking relationship in such a way that in the locked state a vertical locking action can be achieved and movement of locked panels away from each other in the plane of the panels is opposed, wherein at its opposite panel edges the second edge pair is provided with complementary hook profiles, namely a receiving hook and an arresting hook, wherein the arresting hook can be assembled to the receiving hook by a joining movement in a plane perpendicular to the panel plane simultaneously by means of the pivotal movement for the first edge pair, with the proviso that the receiving hook is provided with a holding groove or the arresting hook is provided with a holding groove for a separate locking element with which a vertical locking action can be achieved, wherein a butting surface is arranged at the receiving hook substantially orthogonally relative to the panel top side, that a counterpart butting surface is arranged at the arresting hook substantially orthogonally relative to the panel top side, that there is provided at least one sealing nose at the second edge pair at a lower end of the counterpart butting surface of the arresting hook or at a lower end of the butting surface of the receiving hook, which sealing nose extends parallel to the respective panel edge over the entire length of the counterpart butting surface or the butting surface.
12. The panel according to claim 11, wherein at least one of the edge pairs at the two complementary panel edges thereof has a respective edge break which forms a recessed join in the assembled state of two of said panels.
13. The panel according to claim 12, wherein the edge breaks of at least one of the edge pairs of the complementary panel edges are provided respectively with a larger edge break and a smaller edge break and that in the assembled state the larger edge break is covered over by the smaller edge break.
14. The panel according to claim 13, wherein provided at that panel edge with the smaller edge break is a projection, on the top side of which extends at least a part of the smaller edge break, and that provided at an underside of the projection is an undercut counterpart surface for the covered-over part of the larger edge break.
15. The panel according to claim 13, wherein the smaller edge break of the first edge pair is arranged at the groove profile and the larger edge break is arranged at the tongue profile and that the smaller edge break of the second edge pair is arranged at the arresting hook and the larger edge break is arranged at the receiving hook.
16. The panel according to claim 11, wherein at the second edge pair the counterpart butting surface or the butting surface is inclined relative to the orthogonal to the panel top side by an angle in the range of 1°-5°, that the cross-section of the arresting hook has an oversize in the inclined region of the counterpart butting surface or the butting surface so that in the locked state a pressing action can be caused between the counterpart butting surfaces and the butting surfaces.
17. The panel according to claim 16, wherein the pressing action between the counterpart butting surface and the butting surface is greater at the upper end of the butting surface and decreases towards the lower end of the butting surface.
18. The panel according to claim 16, wherein arranged at the lower end of the pressing action between the counterpart butting surface and the butting surface is the sealing nose with which once again an increased pressing action against the butting surface can be created in the locked state.
19. The panel according to claim 11, wherein the separate locking element has a latching means with which it is latchable in a latching recess of the complementary panel edge.
20. The panel according to claim 11, wherein the holding groove for the separate locking element has parallel groove walls.
Description
[0027] The invention is described in detail hereinafter by means of a number of embodiments and illustrated by way of example in a drawing in which:
[0028] FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic view of a plurality of panels according to the invention in combination,
[0029] FIG. 2 shows by way of example a cross-section through a first edge pair of a panel according to the invention in the locked state,
[0030] FIG. 3 shows a cross-section through the second edge pair of the panel according to the invention in the locked state,
[0031] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of two panel portions having the panel edges of FIG. 2 in the locked state and with the tongue profile shown in FIG. 1,
[0032] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of two panel portions in the locked state with an alternative separate locking element,
[0033] FIG. 6 shows an alternative cross-section through a first edge pair of a panel according to the invention in the locked state,
[0034] FIG. 7 shows an alternative cross-section through the second edge pair of a panel according to the invention in the locked state,
[0035] FIG. 8 shows a further example of a cross-section through a second edge pair of the panel according to the invention in the locked state,
[0036] FIG. 9 shows yet another example of a cross-section through the second edge pair of the panel according to the invention in the locked state,
[0037] FIG. 10 shows a last example of a cross-section through the second edge pair of the panel according to the invention in the locked state, and
[0038] FIG. 11 shows a portion on an enlarged scale as indicated at XI in FIG. 10.
[0039] FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows portions of four identical panels 1, 2, 3 and 4 according to the invention, more specifically assembled in combination to form a coverage surface. The coverage surface can be used for a building wall, ceiling or a floor. Each of the panels according to the invention respectively has four panel edges F, M, N and U and four corners K1, K2, K3 and K4. As can be seen from the following Figures the panel has a panel top side 7, a panel underside 8 and a panel core 9. The panel has two edge pairs. A first edge pair is shown by way of example in FIG. 2 and includes the panel edges N and F, wherein the panel edge N has a groove profile 5 and the panel edge F has a tongue profile 6. A second edge pair is shown in FIG. 3 and includes the panel edges M and U which are in the form of hook profiles. The panel edge M is in the form of a receiving hook 10 and the panel edge U in the form of an arresting hook 11. The receiving hook 10 is provided with a holding groove 12 for a separate locking element 13. The locking element 13 is fitted and used in such a way that it locks in the vertical direction (vertical locking element). The arresting hook 11 can be connected to the receiving hook 10 by means of a joining movement in a vertical plane downwardly. If a vertical locking element 13 is used the vertically acting locking effect takes place automatically, as is described in detail hereinafter with reference to FIG. 3. By virtue of the two different edge pairs the proposed panel is suitable for locking by a pivotal movement (fold-down). The pivotal movement is indicated in FIG. 2 by reference to the panel 4 which is shown in broken line in an inclined starting position 4′. The panel 4 is moved down from its starting position 4′ in the direction of the pivotal arrow S by a single downwardly pivotal movement about its panel edge F as the axis of rotation. In that situation it locks with the groove profile 5 of the panels 1 and 2 of a preceding row of panels P1. At the same time the panel edge U of the panel 4 is locked to the panel edge M of the panel 3 which is in the same row of panels P2.
[0040] As shown in FIG. 1 at a corner K1 of the panel 4, the panel edge F (first edge pair) meets the panel edge U (second edge pair). That corner K1 is found to be particularly critical in regard to sealing integrity of the coverage surface in relation to water passing therethrough. At the critical corner K1 the tongue profile 6 of the panel edge F meets the arresting hook 11 of the panel edge U. The cross-sections of the tongue profile 6 and the arresting hook 11 overlap spatially and that affords a complex spatial configuration at the corner K1.
[0041] In combination with further identical panels 1 and 3 the corner K1 in question of the panel 4 is disposed in a region marked by IV. There a T-join is formed, composed of a longitudinal join (panel edges F/N) and a transverse join (panel edges M/U). A view on to that T-join in the viewing direction indicated by the arrow IV is described in detail hereinafter with reference to FIG. 4.
[0042] Referring to FIG. 2 this shows the first edge pair of the panel according to the invention in cross-section. The direction of view corresponds to the section line II-II shown in FIG. 1. The panel edges F and N of the panels 1 and 4 are opposite in FIG. 2 as indicated in FIG. 1 by means of the section line II-II. The panel edge F has a tongue profile and the panel edge N has a complementary groove profile. Those complementary panel edges F/N can be shown portion-wise in the locked state, as if the panel is divided into two parts. That form of illustration is intended to make it easier to understand the functionality and cooperation of the complementary panel edges. A starting position 4′ of the panel edge F indicates a pivotal movement S. It will be appreciated that a plurality of panels of the kind according to the invention can be locked together in the same way to produce a coverage surface for a building wall, a floor or a ceiling. For that reason FIGS. 2 and 3 can also each be viewed as being two panels which are shown portion-wise.
[0043] The panel edge M in the form of the receiving hook 10 and the panel edge U in the form of the arresting hook 11 of the second edge pair are shown in cross-section in FIG. 3, more specifically also in the assembled locked state. The direction of view corresponds to the section line shown in FIG. 1.
[0044] At the second edge pair the arresting hook 11 of the panel edge M at the panel top side 7 has an edge break in the form of a larger chamfer 36 and the receiving hook 10 of the panel edge U is provided with a smaller chamfer 37.
[0045] The smaller chamfer 37 extends over a distal projection 38 arranged distally on the arresting hook 11. An underside of the projection forms a counterpart surface 39 which in the locked state covers over a part of the larger chamfer 36 and is in contact with that part so that this gives a first seal in relation to the ingress of water. In the locked state the two chamfers form a V-shaped join 40.
[0046] The receiving hook 10 and the arresting hook 11 lock the assembled panel edges M/U in the vertical and also in the horizontal direction. To give the vertical locking action in this embodiment a separate locking element 13 (vertical locking element) can be fitted into the holding groove 12 in the receiving hook 10, that is provided for that purpose. Provided on the arresting hook 11 is a latching recess 11a into which the locking element 13 can latch. The latching recess has an inclined lower groove wall 11b and an inclined upper groove wall 11c.
[0047] The holding groove 12 that is provided in the receiving hook 10 for the locking element 13 is provided with a flat lower groove wall 12a, an upper groove wall 12b and a groove bottom 12c. The upper groove wall 12b has a step 12d so arranged that there is a narrower part of the holding groove 12 facing towards the groove bottom 12c and a region of a greater width, directed towards the open side of the holding groove 12.
[0048] The configuration of the holding groove 12 with the step 12d is adapted to the known locking element 13, the cross-section of which is shown by way of example in FIG. 3. In the case of the illustrated hatched locking element 13 a latching means 13a is provided in the form of an inclinedly downwardly projecting latching tab 13b projecting out of the holding groove 12. In addition the locking element 13 includes a holding means 13c which faces towards the groove bottom 12c of the holding groove 12, and a shoulder 13d supported against the step 12d of the upper groove wall. Suitable locking elements are known for example from the following publications: EP 1 415 056 B1, WO 2011/087425 A1 and US 2014/0366476 A1.
[0049] For the horizontal locking action, as shown in FIG. 3, the receiving hook 10 of the panel edge M is provided distally with a hook edge 41 projecting in the direction of the panel top side 7, and with a receiving recess 42 which is open towards the panel top side 7. The arresting hook 11 of the panel edge U has an arresting step 43 projecting in the direction of the panel underside 8 and a downwardly open arresting recess 44. The arresting step 43 fits into the receiving recess 42 of the receiving hook 10 and cooperates therewith.
[0050] The receiving hook 10 has at the hook edge 41 a holding surface 45 directed towards the panel core 9. Equally provided on the arresting hook 11 is a holding surface 46 which is also directed towards the panel core 9 and which with the holding surface 45 on the hook edge 41 affords an undercut configuration and thus provides a locking action to prevent the panels 3 and 4 from moving away from each other within the panel plane in a direction perpendicular to the locked panel edges M/U (horizontally).
[0051] In the present example, at a step underside 47, the arresting step 43 has a distal step surface 48 which is in contact with a bottom 49 of the receiving recess 42, and a proximal recess 50 which extends laterally as far as the holding surface 46 of the arresting step 43. The recess 50 uses good contact in respect of the holding surfaces 45/46 of the hook edge 41 and the arresting step 43.
[0052] Within the locking configuration shown in FIG. 3 it is also possible to see pairs of contact surfaces, wherein a respective surface of the arresting hook 11 is in contact with an associated surface of the complementary receiving hook 10. In a direction from above downwardly through the locking configuration that begins with a first contact surface pairing which is formed from the counterpart surface 39 of the projection 38 of the arresting hook and the covered part of the larger chamfer 36 which is arranged on the receiving hook 10.
[0053] The next contact surface pairing is formed from a butting surface 10a and a counterpart butting surface 11d. The butting surface 10a is provided on the receiving hook 10 with the panel edge M beneath the large chamfer 36 and the counterpart butting surface 11d is provided on the arresting hook 11 of the panel edge N below the small chamfer 37. In this arrangement the butting surface 10a is arranged perpendicularly relative to the panel top side 7 and the counterpart butting surface 11d is inclined relative to the orthogonal to the panel top side 7 through an angle of 3°. In that case provided in an upper part of the counterpart butting surface 11d is a material excess which is shown in broken line in FIG. 3 as an oversize E2. In the locked state the oversize E2 leads to a pressure effect between the contact surface pairing comprising the butting surface 10a/counterpart butting surface 11d, more specifically in the upper half of that contact surface pairing. That pressing action also provides a sealing effect.
[0054] As a third contact surface pairing there then follows a pairing consisting of the butting surface 10a of the receiving hook 10 and a sealing nose 51 provided at the lower end of the counterpart butting surface 11d. The sealing nose 51 extends parallel to the panel edge U over the entire length of the counterpart butting surface 11d. In that arrangement the sealing nose 51 projects with an oversize from the counterpart butting surface 11d so that in the locked state it bears with a certain pressure against the butting surface 10a and provides an additional seal there.
[0055] FIG. 4 shows an isometric view of two connected panels 3 and 4. The view corresponds to the direction of view IV as noted in FIG. 1. In the foreground of FIG. 4 it is possible to see the tongue profiles F of the panels 3 and 4. The panel edge M of the panel 3 and the panel edge U of the panel 4 extend rearwardly in the perspective view. The panel edge M is provided with the receiving hook 10 and the panel edge U is provided with the arresting hook 11 shown in FIG. 3.
[0056] In addition FIG. 4 also indicates the critical corner K1 of the panel 3, at which the receiving hook 10 inclusive of the holding groove 12 (panel edge M) provided for the locking element 13 comes together with the tongue profile (panel edge F). The perspective view in FIG. 4 shows that the holding groove 12 extends through the tongue profile and issues at the tip of the tongue. In the region in which the holding groove 12 passes through the tongue profile a part of the tongue top side is also missing. That results in a gap in the tongue top side.
[0057] Provided on the complementary panel 4 is the latching recess 11a in which the locking element 13 can automatically latch. The latching recess 11a also extends on the panel 4 through the tongue profile and ends in the form of an open cross-section at the tongue tip.
[0058] The arresting hook 11 (panel edge U) of the panel 4 also includes the downwardly open arresting recess 44 shown in cross-section in FIG. 3. The arresting recess 44 also extends transversely through the tongue profile of the panel 4 and issues in the lower region of the tonge profile. The open cross-section of the arresting recess 44 issues beneath the tongue tip.
[0059] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of two panel pieces of an alternative embodiment of the panel. It differs from FIG. 4 because it is designed for an alternative locking element 52. A holding groove 53 of rectangular cross-section is provided for that locking element 52 on the receiving hook 10, wherein the locking element 52 can be pre-fitted into the holding groove. The holding groove 53 has an upper groove wall 54 arranged at a spacing R2 from the panel top side 7. The arresting hook 11 also has a latching contour which is in the form of a locking groove 55 and the cross-section of which is correspondingly adapted so that the locking element 52 can automatically come into latching engagement there. The holding groove 53 proposed in FIG. 5 is adapted for the use of an arcuate locking element 52 as is known from US 2014/0366476 A1 (FIG. 3b) or is adapted for a locking element known from the same document with rearward resilient bristles (FIG. 6a or FIG. 6b) which bear against the bottom of the holding groove 53. What is important is that the tongue top side of the tongue profile of the panel edge F is arranged at a higher level than the upper groove wall 54 of the holding groove 53 of the receiving hook 10. The tongue profile of the panel edge F comes together with the receiving hook 10 at the critical corner K1 of the panel 3. The holding groove 53 extends in the region of the corner K1 through the tongue profile so that the material of the tongue profile is removed. The tongue top side however is not removed. Between the panel top side 7 and the tongue top side there is a spacing R1 which is greater than the spacing R2 between the upper groove wall 54 of the holding groove 53 and the panel top side 7.
[0060] FIG. 6 shows an alternative cross-section through a first edge pair of a panel according to the invention in the locked state. The panel has a panel edge F with a tongue profile and a panel edge N with a groove profile. The two panel edges F and N are locked in positively locking relationship by the illustrated configuration of the complementary panel edges, more specifically both in the vertical and in the horizontal directions.
[0061] FIG. 7 shows an alternative cross-section through the second edge pair of the panel according to the invention in the locked state. This example includes a receiving hook 56 at a panel edge M and an arresting hook 57 at a panel edge U. A holding groove 58 for a locking element 59 is provided in the receiving hook. The holding groove 58 has parallel groove walls which are at a constant spacing from each other. The arresting hook 57 has a contour 60, into which the locking element 59 can automatically latch during a joining movement. The holding groove 58 for the locking element 59 is arranged substantially parallel to the panel top side 7. Provided on the arresting hook 57 is a sealing nose 51 which is in contact with the receiving hook 56. The contact takes place directly above and near to the holding groove 58 of the receiving hook 56.
[0062] FIG. 8 shows a further example of a second edge pair. Once again there is a receiving hook 62 on a panel edge M and an arresting hook 63 on a panel edge U.
[0063] The receiving hook 62 includes a holding groove 64 for a locking element 65, the holding groove 64 having parallel groove walls which are at a constant spacing relative to each other. The arresting hook has a contour 66 in which the locking element 65 can automatically latch during a joining movement. As a difference in relation to the FIG. 7 example here the holding groove 64 is arranged inclinedly in the receiving hook 62 relative to the panel top side 7. The free opening of the inclined holding groove 64 is directed upwardly in the direction of the panel top side. Provided on the arresting hook 63 is a sealing nose 51 which is in contact with the receiving hook 62. The contact takes place directly above and near to the holding groove 64 of the receiving hook 62.
[0064] FIG. 9 shows yet another example of a cross-section through the second edge pair of the panel according to the invention in the locked state. That example also has a receiving hook 68 at a panel edge M and an arresting hook 69 at a panel edge U, which can be automatically locked in the vertical direction by means of a locking element 70. In this example there is a holding groove 71 for the locking element 70 but on the arresting hook 69 and the receiving hook 68 has a contour 72, into which the locking element 70 can automatically latch. This arrangement has a sealing nose 51 on the receiving hook 69 and the sealing nose 51 is in contact with the arresting hook 68. Contact occurs directly above and near the holding groove 71 of the arresting hook 68.
[0065] FIG. 10 shows a last example of a cross-section through the second edge pair. This example again has a receiving hook 74 and an arresting hook 75 which can be locked automatically in the vertical direction by means of a locking element 76. As in FIG. 9 in this example too there is a holding groove 77 for the locking element 76 on the arresting hook 75. The holding groove 77 has parallel groove walls which are at a constant spacing relative to each other. The receiving hook 74 has a contour 78 into which the locking element 76 can automatically latch. Here a sealing nose 51 is also provided on the receiving hook 74 and the sealing nose 51 is in contact with the arresting hook 75. The contact occurs directly above and near the holding groove 77 of the arresting hook 75.
[0066] FIG. 11 concerns the portion marked by XI in FIG. 10. FIG. 11 enlarges that portion on the one hand and in addition for the sake of simplicity shows only one of two hook profiles, namely the receiving hook 74. The locking element has also been omitted in FIG. 11 for the sake of simplicity. It is possible to see the sealing nose 51 which at that panel edge projects in a distal direction from the butting surface of the receiving hook 74. The cross-section of the sealing nose 51 desirably involves an outside contour comprising combined rounded and curved portions. The distal end of the sealing nose 51 has a turning point or a turning point tangent T. The turning point tangent T is applied at the turning point which is distally remote at the maximum from the panel core and in this example it is arranged at an angle of 90° relative to the panel top side 7.
LIST OF REFERENCES
[0067] 1 panel [0068] 2 panel [0069] 3 panel [0070] 4 panel [0071] 4′ starting position [0072] 6 tongue profile [0073] 7 panel top side [0074] 8 panel underside [0075] 9 panel core [0076] 10 receiving hook [0077] 10a butting surface [0078] 11 arresting hook [0079] 11a latching recess [0080] 11b lower groove wall [0081] 11c upper groove wall [0082] 12 holding groove [0083] 12a lower groove wall [0084] 12b upper groove wall [0085] 12c groove bottom [0086] 12d step [0087] 13 locking element [0088] 13a latching means [0089] 13b latching tab [0090] 13c holding means [0091] 13d shoulder [0092] 36 larger chamfer [0093] 37 smaller chamfer [0094] 38 projection [0095] 39 counterpart surface [0096] 40 V-join [0097] 41 hook edge [0098] 42 receiving recess [0099] 43 arresting step [0100] 44 arresting recess [0101] 45 holding surface (hook edge) [0102] 46 holding surface (arresting hook) [0103] 47 step underside [0104] 48 distal step surface [0105] 49 bottom [0106] 50 recess [0107] 51 sealing nose [0108] 52 locking element [0109] 53 holding groove [0110] 54 upper groove wall [0111] 55 locking groove [0112] 56 receiving hook [0113] 57 arresting hook [0114] 58 holding groove [0115] 59 locking element [0116] 60 contour [0117] 62 receiving hook [0118] 63 arresting hook [0119] 64 holding groove [0120] 65 locking element [0121] 66 contour [0122] 68 receiving hook [0123] 69 arresting hook [0124] 70 locking element [0125] 71 holding groove [0126] 72 contour [0127] 74 receiving hook [0128] 75 arresting hook [0129] 76 locking element [0130] 77 holding groove [0131] 78 contour [0132] D spacing [0133] E1 oversize [0134] E7 oversize [0135] F panel edge (tongue) [0136] H height [0137] K1 corner [0138] K2 corner [0139] K3 corner [0140] K4 corner [0141] L panel edge (groove) [0142] M panel edge (receiving hook) [0143] P1 row of panels [0144] P2 row of panels [0145] U panel edge (arresting hook) [0146] S pivotal movement
