Method for integrated drilling, slotting and oscillating thermal injection for coal seam gas extraction

Abstract

A method for combining integrated drilling and slotting with oscillating thermal injection to enhance coalbed gas extraction, applicable to managing gas extraction from microporous, low-permeability, high-adsorption coal seam areas. A number of slots are formed within a thermal injection/extraction borehole by means of integrated drilling and slotting technology; a steam generator, is then used to three high-pressure, cyclically temperature-changing steam into said borehole; the steam passing through a spinning, oscillating-pulse jet nozzle forms an oscillating superheated steam, heating the coal body. The present method overcomes the limitations of simple permeability-increasing techniques, the slotting by means of hydraulic. pressure significantly increasing the pressure relief range of a single borehole and forming a fracture network that provides channels for passage of the superheated steam, while oscillating variation in steam temperature and pressure also promote crack propagation and perforation of the coal body; the combined effect of the two enhances the efficiency of gas desorption and extraction.

Claims

1. A method for forced coal seam gas extraction by integrated drilling and slotting, and oscillating heat injection in combination, comprising: arranging sites of heat injection extraction borehole (3) and sites of ordinary extraction borehole (4) in a coal seam (1) in a staggered manner, drilling ordinary extraction boreholes (4), sealing the ordinary extraction boreholes (4), and inserting a main gas extraction (14) into each of the ordinary extraction boreholes (4) for gas extraction sequentially; then, drilling heat injection extraction boreholes (3) by drilling at the sites of heat injection extraction borehole (3) with a drilling machine till the drill bit penetrates the roof (2) of coal seam by 1 m and then withdrawing the drill stem, cutting the coal mass around each of the heat injection extraction boreholes (3) by means of a high-pressure jet flow at an interval from inner side to outer side, to form several slots (5) around each of the heat injection extraction boreholes (3), wherein, the method further comprises the following steps: a. inserting a high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe (10) with multiturn through-holes arranged at an interval equal to the spacing between the slots (5) in the wall of the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe (10) into the heat injection extraction borehole (3), inserting a steam transmission pipeline (8) mounted with a spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer (6) on the front end of the steam transmission pipeline (8) through the inlet of the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe (10) to the first slot (5) at the borehole bottom, connecting the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer (6) with the steam transmission pipeline (8) via a bearing (13), connecting the exposed section of the steam transmission pipeline (8) with a steam generator (7) via a valve (9) on the steam transmission pipeline (8), aligning the multiturn through-holes of the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe (10) to the slots (5) respectively, and then sealing the heat injection extraction borehole (3) and the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe (10), and connecting the high-temperature resistant extraction pipe (10) to a main gas extraction (14) through a gas extraction branch pipe (11) mounted with a valve (12) on the gas extraction branch pipe (11); b. closing the valve (9) on the steam transmission pipeline, opening the valve (12) on the gas extraction branch pipe, and extracting gas through the gas extraction branch pipe (11); c. closing the valve (12) on the gas extraction branch pipe, and opening the valve (9) on the steam transmission pipeline, when the gas concentration in the heat injection extraction borehole (3) is lower than 30%; d. starting the steam generator (7) and injecting super-heated steam at 100 to 500 C.: into the heat injection extraction borehole (3) through the steam transmission pipeline (8) for 1 to 2 h, and then shutting down the steam generator (7) and closing the valve (9) on the steam transmission pipeline to stop the heat injection; e. opening the valve (12) on the gas extraction branch pipe, and extracting gas from the heat injection extraction borehole (3) again; repeating the steps c, d and e for several times, moving the steam transmission pipeline (8) towards the hole orifice direction of the heat injection extraction borehole (3) so that the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer (6) is moved to the next adjacent slot (5), when the gas concentration in the heat injection extraction borehole (3) is always lower than 30%; g. repeating the steps d, e and f, to accomplish forced coal seam gas extraction from the heat injection extraction borehole (3) by oscillating heat injection in combination.

2. The method for forced coal seam gas extraction by integrated drilling and slotting, and oscillating heat injection in combination according to claim 1, wherein, the spacing between the slots (2) is 0.5 m.

3. The method for forced coal seam gas extraction by integrated drilling and slotting, and oscillating heat injection in combination according to claim 1, wherein, the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer (6) comprises a jet sprayer body, and a plurality of jet nozzles arranged on the sides of the jet sprayer body and connected to a center hole of the jet sprayer tangentially, wherein, the jet nozzle comprises a nozzle inlet (6-1), an oscillation cavity (6-2), and a nozzle outlet (6-3), the nozzle inlet (6-1) has two stages of wall inclination transition from outside to inside; the nozzle outlet (6-3) has three stages of wall inclination transition from inside to outside.

4. The method for forced coal seam gas extraction by integrated drilling and slotting, and oscillating heat injection in combination according to claim 1, wherein, the external surface of the hot steam transmission pipeline (8) is cladded with a glass wool insulating layer.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method according to the present invention;

(2) FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer;

(3) FIG. 3 is a sectional view in A-A direction of the structure shown in FIG. 2;

(4) FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the nozzle inlet of the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer;

(5) FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the nozzle outlet of the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer.

(6) Among the figures: 1coal seam; 2roof of coal seam; 3heat injection extraction borehole; 4ordinary extraction borehole; 5slot; 6spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer; 6-1nozzle inlet; 6-2oscillation cavity; 6-3nozzle outlet; 7steam generator; 8hot steam transmission pipeline; 9valve on steam transmission pipeline; 10high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe; 11gas extraction branch pipe; 12valve on gas extraction branch pipe; 13bearing; 14main gas extraction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(7) Hereunder the present invention will be detailed in an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(8) As shown in FIG. 1, the method for forced coal seam gas extraction by integrated drilling and slotting, and oscillating heat injection in combination provided in the present invention comprises the following steps: a. arranging sites of heat injection extraction boreholes 3 and sites of ordinary extraction boreholes 4 in a coal seam 1 in a staggered manner, drilling ordinary extraction boreholes 4, sealing the ordinary extraction boreholes 4, and connecting the ordinary extraction boreholes 4 to a main gas extraction 14 for gas extraction; then, drilling heat injection extraction boreholes 3 by drilling at the sites of heat injection extraction boreholes 3 with a drilling machine till the drill bit penetrates the roof 2 of coal seam by 1 m and then withdrawing the drill stem, cutting the coal mass around each of the heat injection extraction boreholes 3 by means of a high-pressure jet flow at an interval from inner side to outer side, to form several slots 5 at 0.5 m interval around each of the heat injection extraction boreholes 3; b. inserting a high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe 10 with multiturn through-holes arranged at an interval equal to the spacing between the slots 5 in the wall of the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe 10 into the heat injection extraction borehole 3, inserting a steam transmission pipeline 8 mounted with a spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6 on the front end of the steam transmission pipeline 8 through the inlet of the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe 10 to the first slot 5 at the borehole bottom, connecting the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6 with the steam transmission pipeline 8 via a hearing 13, connecting the exposed section of the steam transmission pipeline 8 with a steam generator 7 via a valve 9 on the steam transmission pipeline 8, aligning the multiturn through-holes of the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe 10 to the slots 5 respectively, and then sealing the heat injection extraction borehole 3 and the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe 10, and connecting the high-temperature resistant extraction pipe 10 to a main gas extraction 14 through a gas extraction branch pipe 11 mounted with a valve 12 on the gas extraction branch pipe 11; as shown in FIG. 2, the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6 comprises a jet sprayer body, and two jet nozzles arranged on the sides of the jet sprayer body and connected to a center hole of the jet sprayer tangentially, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein, the jet nozzle comprises a nozzle inlet 6-1, an oscillation cavity 6-2, and a nozzle outlet 6-3, the nozzle inlet 6-1 has two stages of wall inclination transition from outside to inside, as shown in FIG. 4; the nozzle outlet 6-3 has three stages of wall inclination transition from inside to outside, as shown in FIG. 5; the external surface of the hot steam transmission pipeline 8 is cladded with a glass wool insulating layer; the through-holes arranged on the high-temperature resistant gas extraction pipe 10 corresponding to the slots 5 are in 0.003 m diameter; c. closing the valve 9 on the steam transmission pipeline, opening the valve 12 on the gas extraction branch pipe, and extracting gas through the gas extraction branch pipe 11; d. closing the valve 12 on the gas extraction branch pipe, and opening the valve 9 on the steam transmission pipeline, when the gas concentration in the heat injection extraction borehole 3 is lower than 30%; e. starting the steam generator 7 to output steam at 100 to 500 C. temperature regulated cyclically; injecting super-heated steam at 100 to 500 C. via the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6 into the heat injection extraction borehole 3 by steam transmission pipeline 8, wherein, passing the high-temperature and high-pressure air through the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6 to achieve the periodic pulsation of steam pressure, the steam stream erupted from nozzle outlet 6-3 creates a counterforce against the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6, and the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6 spins automatically under the tangential component of the counterforce as it jets the seam stream; shutting down the steam generator 7 and closing the value 9 on the steam transmission pipeline to stop the heat injection, after the heat injection lasts for 1 to 2 h; the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6 is connected with the steam transmission pipeline 8 via the bearing 13, with a waterproof seal ring mounted between them; f. opening the valve 12 on the gas extraction branch pipe, and extracting gas from the heat injection extraction borehole 3 again; g. repeating the steps d, e and c for several times, moving the steam transmission pipeline 8 towards the hole orifice direction of the heat injection extraction borehole 3 so that the spinning oscillation pulsed jet sprayer 6 is moved to the next adjacent slot 5, when the gas concentration in the heat injection extraction borehole 3 is always lower than 30%; h. repeating the steps e, f and g to accomplish forced coal seam gas extraction from the heat injection extraction borehole 3 by oscillating heat injection in combination.