Feedback based on codebook subset

Abstract

The present invention provides for an improved application of signal strength weightings in a SDMA sectorized cellular network. The improved signal strength weightings application is conducted through the improved selection of weightings from a new codebook subset or by the selection of weightings from a larger codebook subset. In a further embodiment, an antenna beam index or bit map can be used to select the best beam(s) in a SDMA sectorized cellular network. In another embodiment, a field or factor in an uplink or downlink transmission packet can designate which directional transmission beam is best suited for the transmission or when the directional transmission beam should be activated.

Claims

1. A method for operating a base station, the method comprising: receiving PMI feedback from a plurality of user equipment (UE) devices in a sector of the base station, wherein, for each of the UE devices, the PMI feedback from the UE device refers to a respective codeword from within a first subset consisting of six constant modulus codewords, wherein the first subset of six constant modulus codewords is a subset of a precoding codebook, wherein the precoding codebook consists of said first subset of six constant modulus codewords and a second subset of one or more antenna selection codewords, wherein the one or more antenna selection codewords include the codeword given by $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right],$ wherein the first subset of six constant modulus codewords are: $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ 1& -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ j& -j\end{array}\right];$ determining precoding codewords for the respective UE devices, wherein each of the precoding codewords belongs to the first subset of six constant modulus codewords; for each of the UE devices, precoding respective downlink data using the respective precoding codeword to obtain respective precoded data; and transmitting downlink signals including the precoded data for the UE devices, wherein, for all user equipment devices in said sector that are configured for PMI feedback in a closed-loop 2-TX antenna configuration operation, said codeword referred to by said PMI feedback and said determined precoding codewords are from within said first subset.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the PMI feedback from each of the UE devices is a 2-bit index.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first subset is configured via RRC signaling.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the precoding codebook includes six rows and two columns, wherein a first of the columns includes the following codewords for single-layer transmission: $\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 0\end{array}\right],\left[\begin{array}{c}0\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -j\end{array}\right],$ wherein a second of the columns includes the following codewords for two-layer transmission: $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ 1& -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ j& -j\end{array}\right].$

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: acquiring information about the channel condition for the UE device, which includes location information and error indicators the UE device; and selecting the first or second subset for the UE device from one or more designated codebook subsets based on the channel condition information obtained about the UE device.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitted downlink signals are weighted using weighting factors of precoding codewords making it less likely that transmitted signals sent to a plurality of UE devices will interfere with each other.

7. A base station, comprising: digital circuitry configured to: receive PMI feedback from a plurality of user equipment (UE) devices in a sector of the base station, wherein, for each of the UE devices, the PMI feedback from the UE device refers to a respective codeword from within a first subset consisting of six constant modulus codewords, wherein the first subset of six constant modulus codewords is a subset of a precoding codebook, wherein the precoding codebook consists of said first subset of six constant modulus codewords and a second subset of one or more antenna selection codewords, wherein the one or more antenna selection codewords include the codeword given by $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right],$ wherein the first subset of six constant modulus codewords are: $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ 1& -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ j& -j\end{array}\right];$ determine precoding codewords for the respective UE devices, wherein each of the precoding codewords belongs to the first subset of six constant modulus codewords; precode respective downlink data, for each of the UE devices, using the respective precoding codeword to obtain respective precoded data; and transmit downlink signals including the precoded data for the UE devices, wherein, for all user equipment devices in said sector that are configured for PMI feedback in a closed-loop 2-TX antenna configuration operation, said codeword referred to by said PMI feedback and said determined precoding codewords are from within said first subset.

8. The base station of claim 7, wherein the PMI feedback from each of the UE devices is a 2-bit index.

9. The base station of claim 7, wherein the first subset is configured via RRC signaling.

10. The base station of claim 7, wherein the precoding codebook includes six rows and two columns, wherein a first of the columns includes the following codewords for single-layer transmission: $\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 0\end{array}\right],\left[\begin{array}{c}0\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -j\end{array}\right],$ wherein a second of the columns includes the following codewords for two-layer transmission: $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ 1& -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ j& -j\end{array}\right].$

11. The base station of claim 7, wherein the digital circuitry is further configured to: acquire information about the channel condition for the UE device, which includes location information and error indicators the UE device; and select the first or second subset for the UE device from one or more designated codebook subsets based on the channel condition information obtained about the UE device.

12. The base station of claim 7, wherein the transmitted downlink signals are weighted using weighting factors of precoding codewords making it less likely that transmitted signals sent to a plurality of UE devices will interfere with each other.

13. A non-transitory computer-readable memory medium storing software instructions that, when executed by a processor of a base station, cause the base station to: receive PMI feedback from a plurality of user equipment (UE) devices in a sector of the base station, wherein, for each of the UE devices, the PMI feedback from the UE device refers to a respective codeword from within a first subset consisting of six constant modulus codewords, wherein the first subset of six constant modulus codewords is a subset of a precoding codebook, wherein the precoding codebook consists of said first subset of six constant modulus codewords and a second subset of one or more antenna selection codewords, wherein the one or more antenna selection codewords include the codeword given by $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right],$ wherein the first subset of six constant modulus codewords are: $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ 1& -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ j& -j\end{array}\right];$ determine precoding codewords for the respective UE devices, wherein each of the precoding codewords belongs to the first subset of six constant modulus codewords; precode respective downlink data, for each of the UE devices, using the respective precoding codeword to obtain respective precoded data; and transmit downlink signals including the precoded data for the UE devices, wherein, for all user equipment devices in said sector that are configured for PMI feedback in a closed-loop 2-TX antenna configuration operation, said codeword referred to by said PMI feedback and said determined precoding codewords are from within said first subset.

14. The non-transitory computer-readable memory medium of claim 13, wherein the PMI feedback from each of the UE devices is a 2-bit index.

15. The non-transitory computer-readable memory medium of claim 13, wherein the first subset is configured via RRC signaling.

16. The non-transitory computer-readable memory medium of claim 13, wherein the precoding codebook includes six rows and two columns, wherein a first of the columns includes the following codewords for single-layer transmission: $\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 0\end{array}\right],\left[\begin{array}{c}0\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ j\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{c}1\\ -j\end{array}\right],$ wherein a second of the columns includes the following codewords for two-layer transmission: $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 0\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ 1& -1\end{array}\right],\frac{1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1& 1\\ j& -j\end{array}\right].$

17. The non-transitory computer-readable memory medium of claim 13, wherein the software instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the base station to: acquire information about the channel condition for the UE device, which includes location information and error indicators the UE device; and select the first or second subset for the UE device from one or more designated codebook subsets based on the channel condition information obtained about the UE device.

18. The non-transitory computer-readable memory medium of claim 13, wherein the transmitted downlink signals are weighted using weighting factors of precoding codewords making it less likely that transmitted signals sent to a plurality of UE devices will interfere with each other.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The objects and features of the invention will become more readily understood from the following detailed description and appended claims when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like numerals represent like elements and in which:

(2) FIG. 1 is a graphical illustration of an omni-directional antenna (a) and a sectorized antenna (b);

(3) FIG. 2 is a graphical illustration of a weighted sectorized transmission beam directed to the desired user;

(4) FIG. 3 is a graphical illustration of a multiple antenna transmission system using precoding;

(5) FIG. 4 is a codebook subset table for constant modulus;

(6) FIG. 5 is a codebook subset table for antenna selection;

(7) FIG. 6 is a precoding codebook subset table;

(8) FIG. 7 is a precoding codebook subset table;

(9) FIG. 8 is a precoding codebook subset table proposed in the present invention;

(10) FIG. 9 is a precoding codebook subset table proposed in the present invention;

(11) FIG. 10 is a larger precoding codebook subset table proposed in the present invention; and,

(12) FIG. 11 is a precoding codebook subset table proposed in the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(13) In FIG. 1(a), the overall transmission architecture 100 of an omni-directional antenna 105 that transmits radially outward equally in various directions shown by arrows 125, 115, 135 and 140. The perimeter of the coverage area is shown by the area 120 for the transmission architecture 100. Improved efficiencies have been achieved by using the sectorized antenna architecture 140 shown in FIG. 1(b).

(14) Multiple antennas 145, 147 and 148 are shown in the architecture 140, wherein each antenna is directed toward a different region of the cellular network shown by the directional transmission 175 for coverage area 150, transmission 190 for coverage area 157, and directional transmission 180 for coverage area 155. In this context, it is possible for system capacity to be improved by the sectorized architecture.

(15) By weighting the various transmission signals, additional efficiencies and reduced interferences can be achieved as shown in FIG. 2 for the sectorized architecture 200. Multiple antenna elements 215, 220, 227 and 230 direct transmissions (or receive transmissions) in the sectorized antenna architecture 200. A directional antenna beam 235 is formed by scaling the signal with a set of weighting factors applied to an array of antenna elements, such as antenna element 230. The desired user 205 is shown receiving a desired transmission 245 in the coverage area of the directional antenna beam 235, which is a heavily weighted transmission meant to be directed to that user 205. An interfering user 210 is shown with less weighted transmission signals 240 to reduce the interference encountered by that user 210.

(16) In FIG. 3, a precoding architecture 300 is shown where a data input 301 is fed into the user selection component 310. The user selection component 310 sends the appropriate data through the appropriate data signal line 315 to the precoding component 321. The appropriate data for each user 350, 351, 352 may consist of channel encoded, interleaved, rate-matched, scrambled and/or modulated symbols. The precoding component 321 provides an appropriate weighting for the signal strength to be transmitted on the multiple antennas 320, 322 or 325. Based on the targeted user 350, 351 and 352, the signal strength weighting of the multiple antennas to each of these targeted user will be adjusted to increase the efficiency of the data transfer to the desired user and reduce interference with other users on the system.

(17) The selection of specific codes to be used in the precoding component 321 to provide appropriate weightings for the signal strength are shown in several tables documented in FIGS. 4-11. In FIG. 4, a constant modulus 2-Tx codebook is shown, and in FIG. 5, an antenna selection 2-Tx codebook is shown. A codebook accepted under the TS 36.211 v8.2.0 standard is shown in FIG. 6.

(18) There are two possible configurations for the codebook selection using the codebooks at FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. In one configuration, the attachment point (base station/antenna) may select one of the two subsets shown in FIG. 4 or 5 for use in a sector where the user is located. The attachment point selects a subset codebook for all user equipment in the same sector, such as using only the codebook shown in FIG. 4 or 5. The attachment point selects the codebook subset for the user equipment based on some knowledge of the user equipment's channel condition. The channel condition information includes information regarding the user equipment's location information, the error rate for transmissions to the user equipment, the number of re-transmissions to the user equipment, and the uplink sounding or other uplink transmissions, with the uplink received beam-forming using a similar beam pattern as that for the downlink transmission.

(19) In a second configuration, the user equipment can select the appropriate codebook subset to be used in FIG. 6, and the user equipment can select between a total of 9 different distinct codewords for a 2-Tx two transmission antenna system. The user equipment transmits an indicator that implicitly or explicitly indicates which codebook subset is chosen. The subset selection will be dictated in the second configuration through a higher layer activation depending on the codeword selected from the codewords shown in FIG. 6, and the index of the selected codeword in the subset is signaled using 2 bits through the normal PMI feedback indicator field value. To support this approach, the PMI indicator for both the downlink and uplink signaling needs 2-bits.

(20) As an alternative, the codebook shown in FIG. 7 can be substituted for the various codebooks shown above in FIG. 4 or 5. Instead of using the previously-identified codebooks in FIGS. 4-7, the present invention also supports the use of codebook subsets shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, either of which can be used in the above configurations. That is, the codebooks in FIGS. 8 and 9 can be selected using two configurations.

(21) In one configuration, the attachment point (base station/antenna) may select one of the two subsets shown in FIG. 7, and either FIG. 8 or 9 for use in a sector where the user is located. The attachment point selects a subset codebook for all user equipment in the same sector, such as using only the codebook shown in either FIG. 8 or 9. The attachment point selects the codebook subset for the user equipment based on some knowledge of the user equipment's channel condition. The channel condition information includes information regarding the user equipment's location information, the error rate for transmissions to the user equipment, the number of re-transmissions to the user equipment, and the uplink sounding or other uplink transmissions, with the uplink received beam-forming using a similar beam pattern as that for the downlink transmission.

(22) In a second configuration, the user equipment can select the appropriate codebook subset to be used in either FIG. 8 or 9, and the user equipment can select between the different distinct codewords for a two transmission antenna (2-Tx) system. The user equipment transmits an indicator that implicitly or explicitly indicates which codebook subset is chosen. The subset selection will be dictated in the second configuration through a higher layer activation depending on the codeword selected from the codewords shown in FIG. 7, and either FIG. 8 or 9, and the index of the selected codeword in the subset is signaled using 2 bits through the normal PMI feedback indicator field value. To support this approach, the PMI indicator for both the downlink and uplink signaling needs 2-bits.

(23) Further, the attachment point may also use a larger codebook subset table as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 for use in a sector where the user is located. The attachment point selects a codebook for all user equipment in the same sector, such as using only the codebook shown in FIG. 10 or 11. To support this approach, the original codebook with antenna selection codewords will be optimized using 3 bits, and the PMI indicator for both the downlink and uplink signaling needs 3-bits to allow the proper selection of the increased number of codewords. The selection of the codebook subset for this configuration can also be configured using the Radio Resource Configuration (RRC) signaling, which can select the use of codebooks in FIG. 10 or 11 instead of other default codebook subsets set by the system. The attachment point may also select the codebook subset for the user equipment based on some knowledge of the user equipment's channel condition. The channel condition information includes information regarding the user equipment's location information, the error rate for transmissions to the user equipment, the number of re-transmissions to the user equipment, and the uplink sounding or other uplink transmissions, with the uplink received beam-forming using a similar beam pattern as that for the downlink transmission.

(24) The application of the signal strength weightings can also be optimized using an antenna beam indicator. The indicator may be a field in the uplink or downlink transmission packets. The length (number of bits) for such an indicator will depend on the number of available antennas in the network location. One bit length is sufficient for two antenna architectures, while 2 bits is sufficient to designate up to four antennas. The antenna beam indicator can also be designated according to a bit map with each bit identifying one of the available beams that can be used to communicate with the user equipment.

(25) Based on the specific beam location, the user equipment will provide an indicator bit value or bit map value indicating which beam can provide the best coverage for that user equipment. The use of that antenna beam indicator over a specific period of time will depend on the user equipment mobility, with the indicator being valid longer for slower moving user equipment and being valid for a shorter period of time for faster moving user equipment. Thus, the antenna beam indication needs to be updated with a periodicity corresponding to the changes.

(26) The use of an antenna beam indicator is made possible through the estimation of the uplink transmission condition, such as an analysis of the sounding, random access, or other types of uplink transmissions from the user equipment. The access point may also use a direction-finding algorithm to determine the beam index for user equipment using the SDMA protocols. The CQI index can be used to provide selection information to the access point, which can also analyze the signal-to-interference and noise ratio and identification of the serving beam for the user equipment.

(27) In systems with switching beams or opportunistic beams (e.g. OSTMA), the user equipment provides a CQI index when it is within the coverage area of a beam that has been switched (powered) on. Based on the time when the CQI is received by the access point, the beam index can be implicitly determined because the beam pattern is known by the access point.

(28) The technology as described above allows the configuration of additional codebooks for UE feedback in closed-loop operations, so that a more appropriate codebook can be used to support different antenna configurations, e.g. correlated, uncorrelated or cross-polarized antenna systems. To allow the support of various antenna configurations that would be favorable for different deployment scenarios, e.g., correlated, uncorrelated or cross-polarized antenna systems, LTE-Advanced may support additional codebooks to be used for UE feedback in closed-loop operations. For backward compatibility, higher-layer (RRC) signaling can be used to configure the use of a different codebook by some or all of the UEs conveniently, depending on the UE capability, e.g., Rel-8 UEs or LTE-A UEs, and the deployment configuration, e.g., correlated, uncorrelated or cross-polarized antenna systems. As the codebook is configurable, the larger UE-specific codebook can be configured when a higher capacity is required in the deployed system. Otherwise, the smaller codebook can be used to minimize UE complexity.

(29) While the foregoing has been with reference to a particular embodiment of the invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes in this embodiment may be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims.