WELD PORTION INSPECTION METHOD USING THERMAL IMAGE SENSING

Abstract

Disclosed is a weld portion inspection method using thermal image sensing, wherein the method includes heating the weld portion using Joule heat; and determining whether the weld portion is defective based on a temperature increase pattern of the weld portion by the heating.

Claims

1. A method of inspecting a weld portion between a lead portion of a battery cell and a busbar, the method comprising: heating the weld portion using Joule heat; and determining whether the weld portion is defective based on a temperature increase pattern of the weld portion by the heating.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Joule heat is generated by current supplied from the battery cell welded to the busbar.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the battery cell is in a packed state before shipment.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein whether the weld portion is defective is further determined based on a temperature decrease pattern of the weld portion when the heated weld portion is cooled by a cooling.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the cooling is performed by interrupting supply of the current from the battery cell.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the temperature increase pattern is at least one of a time taken until a temperature reaches a specific temperature, a temperature increase rate over time, and a maximum temperature.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the temperature decrease pattern is at least one of a time taken until a temperature reaches an initial temperature from a predetermined temperature and a temperature decrease rate over time.

8. The method according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the temperature increase pattern and the temperature decrease pattern is set for the weld portion and a neighboring region of the weld portion, the weld portion and the neighboring region of the weld portion being divided into a predetermined number of regions.

9. The method according to claim 1, comprising: a first operation of welding lead portions of two or more battery cells and the busbar to form weld portions; a second operation of turning on a switch such that the two or more battery cells) are electrically connected to each other; a third operation of continuously measuring a change in temperature of each of the weld portions; and a fourth operation of determining whether each of the weld portions is defective based on the temperature increase pattern of each of weld portions.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the second operation is maintained for a predetermined time after the two or more battery cells are discharged.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the third operation is performed until the two or more battery cells are discharged.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the joule heat is represented by Equation 1,
Q=I.sup.2×R×t,  Equation 1 wherein Q is Joule heat, I is current through the weld portion, R is resistance of the weld portion, and t is time as current is applied.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration for weld portion inspection according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a weld portion inspection method according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] FIG. 3 is a conceptual view illustrating a heat generation mechanism of a weld portion at the time of current application.

[0030] FIG. 4 is a conceptual view illustrating a change in temperature of a weld portion at the time of current application or interruption.

[0031] FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of the temperature distribution image result in a neighboring region including a weld portion.

[0032] FIG. 6 is a view showing a configuration for weld portion inspection according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

BEST MODE

[0033] In the present application, it should be understood that the terms “comprises,” “has,” “includes,” etc. specify the presence of stated features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0034] In addition, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to parts that perform similar functions or operations. In the case in which one part is said to be connected to another part in the specification, not only may the one part be directly connected to the other part, but also, the one part may be indirectly connected to the other part via a further part. In addition, that a certain element is included does not mean that other elements are excluded, but means that such elements may be further included unless mentioned otherwise.

[0035] Hereinafter, a weld portion inspection method using thermal image sensing according to the present invention will be described.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration for weld portion inspection according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a lead portion 110 extending from each of two battery cells 100, a busbar 200 configured to electrically connect the lead portions 110 to each other, a weld portion 300 configured to fix each lead portion 110 and the busbar 200 to each other, and a thermal imaging camera 500 configured to measure a change in temperature of the weld portion 300 are provided.

[0037] The two battery cells 100 are cells to be inspected in order to determine various kinds of performance, such as performance related to the weld portions, for product shipment. One side of the busbar 200 is connected to a negative electrode lead extending from one of the battery cells 100 and the other side of the busbar 200 is connected to a positive electrode lead extending from the other battery cell 100, whereby the battery cells 100 may be electrically connected to each other.

[0038] In general, each lead portion 110 and the busbar 200, which are made of metals, are connected to each other by welding, such as resistance welding. At this time, the weld portion 300 is formed so as to extend from the lead portion 110 to the busbar 200.

[0039] Meanwhile, a switch 400 is provided between lead portions of the battery cells 100 that are not connected to the busbar 200, i.e. between a positive electrode lead of the battery cell 100 located on the left side of FIG. 1 and a negative electrode lead of the battery cell 100 located on the right side of FIG. 1. The switch is configured to perform electrical connection or interruption therebetween.

[0040] In addition, the thermal imaging camera 500 is installed in the vicinity of the weld portions 300, each of which fixes a corresponding one of the lead portions 110 and the busbar 200 to each other. The thermal imaging camera is a camera configured to track and detect heat and to express the heat using different colors based on the temperature thereof, which is technology well known in various fields, and therefore a detailed description of the operating principle or the function thereof will be omitted.

[0041] Hereinafter, a weld portion inspection method will be described based on the configuration for weld portion inspection shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a weld portion inspection method according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a conceptual view illustrating a heat generation mechanism of a weld portion at the time of current application, FIG. 4 is a conceptual view illustrating a change in temperature of a weld portion at the time of current application or interruption, and FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of the temperature distribution image result in a neighboring region including a weld portion.

[0042] The weld portion inspection method according to the present invention includes a first step of welding lead portions 110 of two or more battery cells 100 and a busbar 200 to form weld portions 300, a second step of turning on a switch such that the battery cells 100 are electrically connected to each other, a third step of continuously measuring a change in temperature of each of the weld portions 300, and a fourth step of determining whether each of the weld portions 300 is defective based on the result of change in temperature.

[0043] The first step was described in detail with reference to FIG. 1, and therefore a duplicate description thereof will be omitted.

[0044] The second step is a step of turning on the switch 400 such that the battery cells 100 are electrically connected to each other. At this time, heat is generated from each weld portion 300.

[0045] In connection with heat generation, as shown in FIG. 3, electrons e supplied from a negative electrode terminal of one of the battery cells 100 move to a positive electrode terminal of the other battery cell 100 via the busbar 200. At this time, Joule heat represented by Equation 1 is generated in each weld portion 300 due to resistance caused by coupling between dissimilar metals and a change in structure thereof.

Q=I.sup.2×R×t  Equation 1)

[0046] Here, Q indicates Joule heat, I indicates current, R indicates resistance, and t indicates time.

[0047] Meanwhile, it is preferable to use electric power of the battery cells directly connected to the busbar 200, although a separate external power source may be used as a power source configured to generate Joule heat in each weld portion 300.

[0048] In general, a battery cell 100 is completed through an activation step after injection of an electrolytic solution. At this time, the battery cell 100 is charged with a predetermined amount of electric power, and therefore it is advantageous to use the electric power. That is, at the time of using an external power source, not only is a separate power source needed but also additional wiring for electrical connection between the external power source and the bus bar 200 is needed. In contrast, it is possible to overcome the above problem in the case in which electric power charged in the battery cells 100 connected to the bus bar 200 is used.

[0049] When current charged in each battery cell 100 flows out, as shown in FIG. 4, the temperature of the weld portion 300 is increased due to heat generation as current application time is increased. When the battery cell 100 is discharged, no more current flows, whereby the temperature of the weld portion 300 is decreased.

[0050] The third step, which is a step of measuring a change in temperature of each of the weld portions 300, may be performed simultaneously with the second step of electrically connecting the battery cells 100 to each other.

[0051] In order to measure the change in temperature, thermal radiation energy in the vicinity of the weld portion 300 is electronically scanned using the thermal imaging camera 500 to create temperature distribution data for each position based on current application time.

[0052] That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the temperature of the surroundings including the weld portion is distributed to a plurality of unit regions, and temperature data for each region are secured.

[0053] Finally, in the fourth step, which is a step of determining whether each of the weld portions 300 is defective based on the result of change in temperature, whether the change in temperature is within a normal range is determined by comparison.

[0054] As an example, referring to FIG. 4, in the case in which a temperature value measured when current flows is increased within a normal range (region A of FIG. 4), it is determined that the weld portion 300 is normally welded. In contrast, in the case in which the temperature value is increased while deviating from the normal range, it is determined that the weld portion 300 is defective.

[0055] In addition, the heated weld portion 300 is left to be cooled down for a predetermined time after the battery cell 100 is completely discharged. In the same manner, whether a temperature decrease pattern of the measured weld portion 300 is changed within a normal range (region B of FIG. 4) is determined by comparison in order to determine whether the weld portion is defective.

[0056] Temperature increase occurs as inner heat accumulates within a short time by forced heating due to current application whereas cooling is a phenomenon in which the accumulated heat is naturally transmitted to the inside/outside.

[0057] Particularly, in the cooling process, convection, radiation, and internal conduction through a surface may have different cooling patterns depending on the internal structure of the weld portion, such as the surface state, pores, grain size, and forming structure of the weld portion. Consequently, it is possible to determine the state of the weld portion based on a temperature decrease pattern at the time of cooling.

[0058] Meanwhile, a concrete example of the temperature increase pattern may be time taken until the temperature reaches a specific temperature, a temperature increase rate (change in temperature/time), or the maximum temperature. In addition, the cooling pattern may be time taken until the temperature reaches the original temperature from the maximum temperature or a temperature decrease rate (change in temperature/time).

[0059] In a concrete example of each of the temperature increase pattern and the cooling pattern, it is preferable to simultaneously utilize a single factor or a plurality of factors. In particular, it is more preferable to apply the factors to all of the plurality of divided regions as shown in FIG. 5.

[0060] Of course, it is obvious that the temperature change distribution result of the weld portion is matched together with macrography and stick inspection, which are generally performed to detect weld defects, in order to secure the temperature change result of the weld portion in a normal state.

[0061] FIG. 6 is a view showing a configuration for weld portion inspection according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] The second embodiment is identical to the first embodiment except that four battery cells 100 are connected to each other in series and that three busbars 200 are used in order to electrically connect neighboring ones of the battery cells 100 to each other.

[0063] That is, a switch 400 is connected such that current flows, weld portions 300 formed in each busbar 200 are scanned using a thermal imaging camera 500, and temperature data are analyzed, whereby it is possible to determine whether weld portions 300 formed in a specific busbar 200 are defective.

[0064] Although a single thermal imaging camera 500 is shown as being used in the figure, a plurality of thermal imaging cameras 500 may be used.

[0065] Although the specific details of the present invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the detailed description thereof discloses only preferred embodiments of the present invention and thus does not limit the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications are possible, without departing from the category and the technical idea of the present invention, and it will be obvious that such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0066] 100: Battery cell [0067] 110: Lead portion [0068] 200: Busbar [0069] 300: Weld portion [0070] 400: Switch [0071] 500: Thermal imaging camera