ELECTRIC RAIL CARRIAGE

Abstract

An electric rail carriage is described. The electric rail carriage may include a train carriage. The train carriage may be arranged to be powered by at least one power module, which is arranged to generate electric power. The carriage may include a main chassis, and at least one power module bay located underneath the main chassis. A power module can be removably located and secured within the power module bay, such that the power module is supported underneath the main chassis. A method of installing the power module into a power module bay is described.

Claims

1.-72. (canceled)

73. An electric rail carriage system comprising: an electric rail carriage comprising: a main chassis; a plurality of wheels; an electric motor driving at least one of the plurality of wheels; at least one power module bay located underneath the main chassis and within which a power module can be removably located and secured such that the power module is supported underneath the main chassis such that the power module can generate electric power to power the electric motor; and, a plurality of different types of interchangeable power modules, each interchangeable power module arranged to be removably located and secured within the at least one power module bay, each interchangeable power module comprising: an arrangement for supplying electric power; and an electric outlet; wherein each type of interchangeable power module utilises a different method for generating electric power.

74. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 73, in which the interchangeable power modules are selected from the group comprising: a liquid fuel engine power module; a battery power module; and, a fuel cell power module.

75. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 74, in which the liquid fuel engine power module comprises: a liquid fuel engine; an electric generator coupled to the engine by a transmission such that it can be driven by the liquid fuel engine, the electric generator arranged to generate electric power for supplying to the electric motor; and, a fuel inlet for the liquid fuel engine having a fuel coupling to which a fuel line can be detachably coupled.

76. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 75, in which the liquid fuel engine power module comprises a diesel engine.

77. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 75, in which the liquid fuel engine power module further comprises an AC-DC converter electrically connected between the electric generator and the electric outlet.

78. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 75, further comprising a control unit housed for controlling the interchangeable power module; and a control input having a control input coupling to which a control cable can be detachably coupled.

79. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 73, in which the interchangeable power module comprises a main structural support frame.

80. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 73, further comprising a securing mechanism which is operable between a released configuration and a securing configuration in which it secures the interchangeable power module within the power module bay.

81. The electric rail carriage according to claim 80, wherein the securing mechanism comprises at least one clamping element which, with the securing mechanism in the securing configuration, the clamping element acts against a part of the interchangeable power module.

82. The electric rail carriage according to claim 81, wherein each clamping element is rotatable between at least a released position and a securing position in which it acts against a part of the interchangeable power module.

83. An electric rail carriage system comprising: a plurality of different types of interchangeable power modules, each interchangeable power module arranged to be removably located and secured within a power module bay located underneath a main chassis of an electric rail carriage, wherein each interchangeable power module comprises: an arrangement for supplying electric power; and an electric outlet, wherein each type of interchangeable power module utilises a different method for generating electric power.

84. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 83, in which the different types of interchangeable power modules are selected from the group comprising: a liquid fuel engine power module; a battery power module; and, a fuel cell power module.

85. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 84, in which the liquid fuel engine power module comprises: a liquid fuel engine; an electric generator coupled to the engine by a transmission such that it can be driven by the liquid fuel engine, the electric generator arranged to generate electric power for supplying to the electric motor; and, a fuel inlet for the liquid fuel engine having a fuel coupling to which a fuel line can be detachably coupled.

86. The electric rail carriage system according to claim 85, in which the liquid fuel engine power module is a diesel engine.

87. The electric rail carriage power system according to claim 85, in which the liquid fuel engine power module further comprises an AC-DC converter electrically connected between the electric generator and the electric outlet.

88. The electric rail carriage power system according to claim 84, further comprising a control unit for controlling the power module; and a control input having a control input coupling to which a control cable can be detachably coupled.

89. The electric rail carriage power system according to claim 83, in which each of the set of power modules comprises a main structural support frame.

90. A method of providing an electric rail carriage comprising the steps of: providing an electric rail carriage comprising: a main chassis; a plurality of wheels; an electric motor driving at least one of the plurality of wheels; and at least one power module bay located underneath the main chassis and within which a power module can be removably located and secured such that the power module is supported underneath the main chassis such that the power module can generate electric power to power the electric motor; providing a plurality of different types of interchangeable power modules, each interchangeable power module comprising: an arrangement for supplying electric power; and an electric outlet; wherein each type of interchangeable power module utilises a different method for generating electric power; and, selecting a first interchangeable power module from the plurality of interchangeable power modules; and, removably locating the first interchangeable power module within the at least one power module bay.

91. The method according to claim 90, comprising the steps of: removing the first interchangeable power module from the at least one power module bay; and, replacing the first interchangeable power module with a second interchangeable power module from the plurality of interchangeable power modules.

92. The method according to claim 90, in which the second interchangeable power module is a different type of interchangeable power module from the first interchangeable power module.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0043] FIG. 1 schematically shows a train comprising a number of carriages;

[0044] FIG. 2 schematically shows a single powered train carriage; FIG. 3 schematically shows a power module;

[0045] FIG. 4 schematically shows the components and couplings of the power module of FIG. 3;

[0046] FIG. 5 schematically shows a power module located and secured within a power module bay;

[0047] FIG. 6 schematically shows a power module located and secured within a power module bay; and

[0048] FIGS. 7-12 schematically show various steps involved in installing a power module within a power module bay.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] FIG. 1 shows a four-carriage electric rail train 1, for running on a set of rails 2. The train 1 comprises a plurality of electric train carriages 10, each in the form of a self-propelled train carriage. The train 1 may therefore be referred to as a multiple unit. In this arrangement only two of the four carriages 10 are self-propelled (i.e. powered). However, it should be appreciated that there may be any suitable number of carriages, and any number of them may be self-powered. For example, a train 1 may comprise four carriages, only two of which may be motorized. In this embodiment, the front and rear carriages 10 are provided with a control cab from which the train 1 can be controlled.

[0050] The term electric train carriage should be understood to mean a train carriage which is arranged to be driven by an electric motor. The electric motor may be supplied with power from any suitable source such as a battery, a fuel cell, or an electric generator, for example.

[0051] FIG. 2 shows a single train carriage 10 which may be referred to as a multiple unit. The carriage 10 comprises a main chassis or frame 12 and a carriage body 14 assembled as a monocoque. Mounted to the underneath of the main chassis 12 are front and rear bogies 16, 18, each having four wheels 20. Two electric motors 17, 19 are mounted to each bogie 16, 18 and are arranged to drive the wheels 20 of the respective bogie 16, 18. As will be explained in detail below, the electric motors are arranged to be powered by two on-board electric power modules 22 that are removably attached to the chassis 12 and which are arranged to generate electric power.

[0052] Each powered carriage 10 also comprises two power module bays 26, one for each power module 22. The power module bays 26 are attached to the underside of the chassis 12, or are defined by the underneath of the chassis 12, and are configured such that a power module 22 can be removably located and secured therein. With an electric power module 22 located and secured within a power module bay 26, the power module 22 is supported underneath the main chassis 12. An electric power module 22 can be quickly and easily replaced since it is removably located and secured within a power module bay 26. In this embodiment, and as will be described in detail below, an electric power module 22 can be inserted into a power module bay 26 from the side of the carriage 10 by moving the power module 22 in a horizontal direction that is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the carriage 10. A power module 22 can be inserted into and removed from a power module bay 26 without requiring access to the underside of the carriage, and without requiring the carriage to be lifted. This allows a power module 22 of a carriage 10 to be replaced in a remote location, without having to access the underneath of the carriage, which would require either lifting equipment or an inspection pit.

[0053] In this embodiment, the train carriage 10 is configured such that it can be powered by a number of different types of compatible and interchangeable electric power modules 22, each type generating electric power utilising a different method. For example, there may be four different types of electric power module 22. A first type of electric power module 22 may comprise a diesel engine arranged to drive an electric generator which generates electric power. A second type of electric power module 22 may comprise a petrol engine arranged to drive an electric generator which generates electric power. A third type of electric power module 22 may comprise one or more batteries arranged to generate electric power. A fourth type of electric power module 22 may comprise a hydrogen fuel cell arranged to generate electric power. Of course, it should be appreciated that other types of electric power module, utilising other methods for generating electric power, could be used. The different types of power module 22 are compatible and interchangeable since they have similar connections and outputs. Further, each type of power module 22 is configured to be removably located within the same power module bay 26.

[0054] FIG. 3 shows an individual removable power module 22 which can be located within a power module bay 26. The power module 22 shown in FIG. 3 is a diesel-electric power module 22, but it should be appreciated that other types of power module could be used. The power module 22 is generally cuboidal and comprises a main structural support frame 28 that defines a cuboidal package. In this embodiment, the power module 22 has a front end 30 and a rear end 32 and is of a length that is greater than the width. With reference to FIG. 4, the diesel-electric power module 22 houses a number of components including a 3.2 litre five-cylinder diesel engine 34, an electric generator 36, an AC-DC converter 38, and an air compressor 40. The electric generator 36 is connected to the diesel engine 34 via a transmission such that the engine 36 drives the generator 36. The generator 36 is arranged to generate 3-phase alternating current and its output is connected to the AC-DC converter 38 in order to convert the AC to 750V DC. The air compressor 40 is also connected to the diesel engine 34 via a transmission such that the engine 36 drives the compressor 40 to generate compressed air. The power module 22 also comprises a battery 42 which can be charged by an alternator 44 driven by the engine 34. Further, the power module 22 also comprises a control unit 46 for controlling the operation of the various components in order to deliver the outputs required.

[0055] The power module 22 comprises a number of connectors for connecting external components to the power module 22. There is a fuel inlet having a detachable fuel inlet coupling 48 to which a fuel line from a fuel tank 24 can be connected so as to supply fuel to the engine 34. There is a fuel outlet having a detachable fuel outlet coupling 50 to which a return fuel line to the fuel tank 24 can be connected so that surplus fuel can be returned to the fuel tank 24. There is an electric outlet having a detachable electric coupling 52 to which an electric cable can be connected so as to supply electric power from the AC-DC converter 38 to one of the electric motors. There is a compressed air outlet having a detachable compressed air coupling 54 to which an air line can be connected so as to supply compressed air from the compressor 40 to ancillary equipment such as the brakes and carriage doors. There is also a control input having a detachable control input coupling 56 to which a control cable for supplying control signals to control the power module 22 can be attached. The detachable couplings allow the various lines and cables to be quickly and easily connected and disconnected in order to allow a power module 22 to be installed and removed quickly. The fuel coupling 48, 50 and the compressed air coupling 54 are dry break couplings which means that a seal is formed when the respective lines are disconnected. There may also be an electrical connector for a safety earth cable. This may be a bolted connection.

[0056] The power module 22 comprises a front support member 58 provided at the front end 30 of the support frame 28 and first and second rear support members 60, 62 provided at the rear end 32 of the support frame 28. The front and rear support members 58, 60, 62 have lower support surfaces which, as will be described below, cooperate with upper support surfaces of a power module bay 26 such that the power module 22 hangs within a bay 26. As shown in FIG. 3, the front support member 58, or bar, has a location hole 64 at each end. Similarly, each rear support member 60, 62 has a location hole 64. The location holes 64 are open at the bottom and have vertical axes. In this embodiment, the location holes 64 are in the corner regions of the power module 22 and lie on the corners of an imaginary rectangle (when viewed in plan). As will be described in detail below, these openings 64 cooperate with corresponding location pins of the power module bay 26. The power module 22 also comprises four guide pins 66, one located in each corner of the power module 22. Each pin 66 extends outwards in the width direction (i.e. in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the power module). The pins 66 extend sideways to a position beyond the sides of the main structural support frame 28.

[0057] A power module bay 26 with a power module 22 located and secured within it is shown in FIG. 5. The power module 22 shown in FIG. 5 may be the diesel-electric power module 22 of FIGS. 3 and 4, or it may be a different type of power module 22. The power module bay 26 in this embodiment is defined by two parallel side beams 68 that are attached to the underneath of the chassis 12. The beams 68 are spaced apart and extend in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the carriage 10. The beams 68 are spaced apart by a distance such that they can accommodate the tangs of a fork lift truck or a pallet truck which can be used to insert a power module 26 into the bay 26. The power module bay 26 comprises front and rear supports 70, 72 having upper support surfaces from which the power module 22 is arranged to hang. As will be described below, the supports 70, 72 are also provided with conical location pins 74 which are arranged to locate within the location holes 64 of the power module 22. There are four location pins 74 that are vertically oriented and which lie on the corners of an imaginary rectangle. The power module bay 26 also comprises two parallel guide rails 76, one attached to each side beam 68. The guide rails 76 extend below the side beams 68 and are spaced apart by a distance slightly greater than the width of the structural support frame 28 of the power module 22, but less that the distance between the ends of the guide pins 66 on opposite sides of the module 22. Referring to FIG. 6, the rear of the power module bay 26 also has two stop plates 80, one each side of the bay 26. The power module bay 26 also has a securing mechanism 78 which will be described in detail below. The securing mechanism 78 has a released configuration in which a power module 22 can be inserted into or removed from the power module bay 26, and a secured configuration in which a power module 22 located with the bay 26 is secured.

[0058] The power module 22 described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 is a diesel-electric power module 22 comprising a diesel engine 34 which is arranged to drive an electric generator 36 to generate electric power. However, as described above, in this embodiment the train carriage 10 is configured such that it can work with electric power modules 22 of other types. Specifically, power module bays 26 are capable of receiving other types of electric power module 22. This means that a first type of power module 22 (e.g. a diesel-electric power module) can be exchanged for a second type of power module 22 (e.g. a battery power module).

[0059] In an embodiment there is also a battery power module which comprises the same structural support frame as the diesel-electric power module described above. The support frame houses a number of components including a plurality of batteries, an air compressor and a control unit. The battery power module has a number of the same couplings as the diesel-electric power module, in particular, the electric outlet coupling, the compressed air coupling and the control input coupling are the same.

[0060] In an embodiment there is also a hydrogen fuel cell power module which also comprises the same structural support frame. The support frame houses a number of components including at least one hydrogen fuel cell, an air compressor and a control unit. The hydrogen fuel cell power module has a number of the same couplings as the diesel-electric power module, in particular, the electric outlet coupling, the compressed air coupling and the control input coupling are the same. Further, the power module also comprises a fuel inlet coupling for receiving a supply of hydrogen.

[0061] If the train carriage 10 is compatible with a plurality of types of power module then it is possible to select an appropriate type of power module 22 with which to operate the train carriage 10. For example, in certain circumstances it may be appropriate to power the train carriage using a diesel-electric power module 22, yet in other circumstances it may be appropriate to power the train carriage using a battery

[0062] powered module 22. Since the power modules are compatible, it is possible to remove a first type of power module (e.g. a diesel-electric power module) and replace it with a second type of power module (e.g. a battery power module). Although three different types of power module have been described, it should be appreciated that other types of compatible power module could be used.

[0063] The operation of inserting a power module 22 into a power module bay 26 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 7-12. A power module 22 can be quickly inserted into a power module bay 26 from the side of the carriage 10 without having to lift the carriage 10 and without requiring access to the underneath of the carriage 10 by using standard equipment such as a fork lift truck or a pallet truck.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 7, to insert a power module 22, the securing mechanism 78 is moved to a released configuration. The securing mechanism 78 comprises two parallel rods 82 that are spaced apart and extend in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the carriage 10. The rods 82 are rotatable and each is provided with an actuator handle 84 that is located at the front of the power module bay 26 so that it can be easily accessed by an operator. The actuator handles 84 also provide a visual indication to the operator as to whether the securing mechanism 78 is in the released (FIGS. 7-11) or the securing configuration (FIG. 12). Mounted to each rod 82 are two lobed-shaped clamping members 86 that are eccentrically mounted. In the released configuration the clamping members 86 are in an angular position in which the longest dimension is in the horizontal direction. The power module 22 is then aligned with the power module bay 26 such that the central longitudinal axis of the module 22 is parallel to and located between the guide rails 78.

[0065] The power module 22 is then moved in a horizontal direction that is substantially transverse (i.e. perpendicular) to the longitudinal axis of the carriage 10. The upper region of the structural support frame 28 is located between the guide rails 78, with the guide pins 66 located on the lower edge of the guide rails 78. The guide rails 78 and guide pins 66 prevent the power module 22 from being moved vertically, whilst the cooperation between the frame 28 and the guide rails 78 ensures that the module 22 is moved in a transverse direction as it is pushed into the bay 26.

[0066] The power module 22 is inserted into the power module bay 26 by pushing it horizontally as far back as it will go. As shown in FIG. 8, the horizontal movement of the power module 22 is halted as the rear guide pins 66 come into contact with the stop plates 80 beyond the guide rails 76. Referring to FIG. 9, the power module 22 is then lifted upwards, and the upwards movement is guided by the cooperation of the guide pins 66 and the stop plates 80. The power module 22 is then pushed back further, again guided by the shape of the stop plates 80 (FIG. 10). In this position, the location holes 64 of the power module 22 are aligned over the conical location pins 74 which vertically extend from the upper surface of the supports 70, 72. The power module 22 is then lowered so that the conical location pins 74 locate within the location holes 64 (FIG. 11). This ensures correct positioning of the power module 22. In this position, the lower surfaces of the support members 58, 60, 62 of the power module 22 cooperate with the upper surfaces of the supports 70, 72 of the power module bay 26 to support the power module 22 in the bay 26 so that it hangs within the bay 26. The power module 22 is therefore hooked into the power module bay 26, as opposed to being bolted or fixed to the underside of the chassis 12. As shown in FIG. 12, the securing mechanism 78 is then moved to a secured configuration by moving the actuator handles 84. This causes the rods 82 and the clamping members 86 to rotate. Since the clamping members 86 are lobed-shaped, as they are rotated through 90 degrees they come into contact with an upper portion of the power module 22, clamping the power module 22 against the supports 70, 72. This quickly and easily secures the power module 22 within the bay 26.

[0067] In the case of the diesel-electric power module 22 of FIGS. 3 and 4, once the two power modules 22 have been installed, the couplings of each power module 22 are connected to the diesel fuel tank 24, an electric motor 17, 19, a compressed air system of the carriage, and the control system for operating the train. The control units 46 of the four power modules 22 of the two powered carriages 10 are in communication with one another through the control system (in this embodiment it comprises a CAN bus). Thus, the four power modules 22 can work together to control the power modules 22 to supply the correct amount of power based on the operating conditions of the train 1. Specifically, the operator controls the train using a lever, and the control units 46 communicate to operate the power modules 22 to supply the necessary power. For example, if the train is travelling up an incline, both power modules 22 may supply electric power to all four electric motors 17, 19 of the respective carriage. However, if the train is travelling downhill, or simply coasting or decelerating, then one or more power modules 22 may be turned-off, with at least one power module 22 being operated to generate compressed air for the brakes and doors.

[0068] If a power module 22 requires replacing (for example if the engine 34 is not functioning correctly), then the train 1 can operate using only three (or possibly two) power modules 22. This improves the reliability of the train 1. Further, the faulty power module 22 can be quickly and easily replaced in situ (i.e. without having to return to a maintenance station) and without requiring any lifting equipment or an inspection pit. This may be particularly beneficial if the train is operating on a branch line without a maintenance station. It is also possible to replace the power module without having to overhaul the entire train carriage. The faulty module 22 can be quickly removed from the side of the train 1 using standard equipment, such as a fork lift truck or a pallet truck, by performing the reverse of the process described above. Once removed, a new power module 22 can be inserted quickly and with ease and the train 1 can then operate with four power modules 22 again. A power module 22 can be removed and replaced with a new power module 22 from access to only the side of the carriage 10, using a fork lift truck or a pallet truck or similar. The entire removal and replacement operation can be performed quickly, for example around 10 minutes. Further, it is not necessary to use any specialist tools to remove and replace a module 22. As such, it may be possible to a replacement to be carried out by a worker without any highly specialised skills.

[0069] If a removed power module is faulty then it may be possible to repair or recondition the power module. For example, in the case of a diesel-electric power module with a faulty engine, the diesel engine could be replaced and the other components could be checked for any faults and replaced/repaired as required. The repaired/reconditioned power module could then be used on either the same train carriage or on another train carriage.

[0070] It should be appreciated that although it has been described that the power modules are for an electric rail train carriage having one or more power module bays, the invention could be used with any electric rail carriage such as a tram carriage.