PASSIVE COMPOUND STRONG-IONIZATION DISCHARGING PLASMA LIGHTNING REJECTION DEVICE

Abstract

A passive compound strong-ionization discharging plasma lightning rejection device. The device comprises a thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit, a strong-ionization discharging unit and an grounding conductor. A discharging electrode of the strong-ionization discharging unit has two poles, pole A being combined with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit into one piece, pole B being connected to the grounding conductor, and a discharging gap between the two poles. This device is excited by a thundercloud electric field , generates scores of mC/s dissipation electric charges by means of compound strong-ionization discharging, efficiently neutralizes cloud and earth electric charges Q gathered by the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit and the grounding conductor, and effectively restrains the voltage V=Q/C of equivalent capacitance C between the cloud and the earth from increasing, without being charged by the thundercloud to the extent of being broken down by discharging towards the earth.

Claims

1. A passive compound strong-ionization discharging plasma lightning rejection device comprises a thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit, a strong-ionization discharging unit and a grounding conductor, wherein discharging electrodes of the strong-ionization discharging unit comprise two electrodes, an electrode A being connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit, an electrode B being connected to the grounding conductor, and a discharging gap between the two electrodes being separated and fixed by an insulating supporter; the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit is a lightning eliminating array.

2. The lightning rejection device of claim 1, wherein the electrode A of the discharging electrode of the strong-ionization discharging unit is an arc surface electrode, a flat plate electrode, a thin line electrode or an annular electrode, and wherein the electrode B is a arc surface electrode, a flat plate electrode, a thin line electrode or an annular electrode, an edge of the plate electrode has a circular arc shape that eliminates intensification effect of edge electric field.

3. The lightning rejection device of claim 2, wherein the annular electrode A is an annular plate electrode, an annular arc surface electrode or an annular thin line electrode, and wherein the electrode B is an annular plate electrode, an annular arc surface electrode or an annular thin line electrode; the annular electrode A and the annular electrode B are concentric rings, an edge of the annular plate electrode has a circular arc shape that eliminates intensification effect of edge electric field.

4. The lightning rejection device of claim 2, wherein the electrode A and electrode B are thin line electrodes; the thin line electrode is a circular single loop or multi-loop thin line, and a cross section arc radius R of the thin line electrode in a form of a circular single loop is about 0.1 mm10 mm.

5. The lightning rejection device of claim 2, wherein the electrode A and electrode B are thin line electrode, the thin line electrode is a linear protrusion provided on a plate plane of the flat plate electrode and the arc electrode, the linear protrusion is a fine circular line, a semicircle line, a tooth tip line, a cross section line of a thin plate or an edge angle line of a thick plate, and wherein the cross section arc radius R of the linear protrusion is 0.1 mm10 mm, causing thin line effect in ionizing discharging; the thin line electrode is axially perpendicular to the plate electrode, with equivalent effect of a tip electrode axially perpendicular to the plate electrode.

6. The lightning rejection device of claim 2, wherein the electrode A is a multi-thin line electrode, the electrode B is a flat plate electrode or an arc plate electrode and an axis of the multi-thin line electrode is perpendicular to the flat plate electrode or perpendicular to the normal of the curved plate electrode; an edge of the flat plate electrode or the arc plate electrode has a circular arc shape that eliminates intensification effect of edge electric field.

7. The lightning rejection device of claim 1, wherein the additional insulating dielectric layer can be added between the electrode A and electrode B of the strong-ionization discharging unit and wherein the dielectric layer further increases the gap breakdown voltage.

8. The lightning rejection device of claim 1, wherein the lightning-eliminating array comprises an arc cover-shaped base and a dozen to hundreds of array rods; the array rods are mounted on the outer wall of the base; the array rods can be a metal solid rod or a metal hollow tube.

9. The lightning rejection device of claim 7, wherein the lightning-eliminating array comprises an arc cover-shaped base and a dozen to hundreds of array rods; the array rods are mounted on the outer wall of the base; the array rods can be a metal solid rod or a metal hollow tube.

10. The lightning rejection device of claim 8, wherein the base is a hollow arc metal cover, the described discharge electrode of the strong-ionization discharging unit is installed in the cover and the inner wall of the base is one pole of the discharging electrode of the strong ionization discharging unit; the base is fixed on the other electrode seat of the discharge electrodes of the strong ionization discharging unit through an insulating supporter; the discharging electrode is fixed on the lightning rejection tower in a seat structure, a bottom of the base is provided with an inlet, and atmospheric updraft enters the base along the inlet, flowing through the discharge electrodes and being exited to the space through the outlet of each array tube rods.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] FIG. 1 is the structure diagram of the lightning-elimination array in the prior art LEA;

[0028] FIG. 2 is the structure block diagram of the prior art CPLR;

[0029] FIG. 3 is the structure block diagram of the invention;

[0030] FIG. 4 is the schematic diagram of the installation structure of the invention;

[0031] FIG. 5 is the first embodiment of the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention, which shows that the schematic diagram of the concentric double annular arc cross section electrodes of the strong-ionization discharging unit;

[0032] FIG. 6A is the second embodiment of the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention, which shows the schematic diagram that the two electrodes of the strong-ionization discharging unit are the flat plate electrodes with the structure for eliminating the intensification effect of the edge electric field;

[0033] FIG. 6B is the schematic diagram of the dielectric layer fixed in the gap between the flat plate electrodes with the discharging unit in FIG. 6A;

[0034] FIG. 7A is the third embodiment of the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention, which shows the schematic diagram that the annular thin-line electrode of the strong-ionization discharging unit is connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit and the other annular plate electrode concentric with the annular thin-line electrode is connected with the grounding conductor;

[0035] FIG. 7B is the schematic diagram of the strong-ionization discharging unit which is similar to FIG. 7A, showing that the annular thin-line electrode of the discharging unit is electrically connected with the grounding conductor and another electrode is an annular plate electrode connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit;

[0036] FIG. 8A is the fourth embodiment of the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention, showing the schematic diagram that the vertical cylindrical multi thin-line electrode is connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit, and the other electrode is a circular plate electrode connected with the grounding conductor;

[0037] FIG. 8B is the schematic diagram of the strong-ionization discharging unit which is similar to FIG. 8A, showing that the vertical cylindrical multi-thin-line electrode is connected with the grounding conductor, and the other electrode is a circular plate electrode connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit;

[0038] In the Drawings: 1. Thundercloud electric field; 2. Thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit; 3. Strong-ionization discharging unit; 4. Grounding conductor.

EMBODIMENTS

[0039] FIG. 3 is the structure block diagram of the invention. As shown in FIG. 3, a lightning rejection device with the plasma passively produced by the compound strong-ionization discharging comprises a thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2, a strong-ionization discharging unit 3 and a grounding conductor 4. The discharging electrodes of the strong-ionization discharging unit 3 comprises electrode A and electrode B, wherein electrode A is connected with the base of the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2, electrode B is fixed on the lightning rejection tower in a seat structure and connected to the grounding conductor 4, and a discharging gap is isolated and fixed between the two electrodes by an insulating supporter.

[0040] The grounding conductor 4 is connected to the ground or the equivalent reference ground composed of the floating-grounding metal plate.

[0041] Under the energizing of thundercloud electric field 1: the external components of thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2 are induced by the thundercloud electric field to form a hetero electric field on the tips of the array rods and produce the ionized discharging plasma between the two hetero electric fields; the internal wall of the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2 and its combined discharging electrode A of the strong-ionization discharging unit 3 produce the hetero electric field against the external electric field of the external components, i.e., the same electric field polarity as that of the thundercloud electric field. At the same time, as induced by the thundercloud electric field, the grounding conductor 4 and the ground produce the hetero electric field, and then the electric field of the electrode B of the strong-ionization discharge unit 3 connected with the grounding conductor 4 is with hetero against the thundercloud electric field, and so that, the electric fields of the two hetero electrodes discharge in their gap, and the strong electric field and strong ionization discharging plasmas are produced between the electrodes owing to the optimizing for the structure and the clearance size of the electrodes. Because the strong-ionization discharging unit 3 is connected in series between the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2 and the grounding conductor unit 4, the level to produce strong electric field strength and strong ionization discharging plasma dissipation current for the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2 and for the grounding conductor 4 is raised directly. The plasmas generated by the compound strong ionization discharging in this device dissipate around the tips of the array rods and the strong ionization discharge electrodes. Under the attraction of the thundercloud electric field and its induced hetero electric field on the ground objects, the positive and negative ions of the plasma are separated and individually drift towards the hetero electric field and diffuse towards the region with low density ions, and neutralize the hetero thundercloud charges and the charges induced on the ground objects around PLR, i.e., energized by the thundercloud electric field, the compound strong-ionization discharging unit produces several 10 mA dissipation current, efficiently neutralizes the cloud and ground charges Q and effectively restrains the voltage V=Q/C of the equivalent capacitor C between the cloud and the ground from increasing without being charged by the lightning cloud electric field to the extent of being struck down to ground, i.e. the objects and the PCPLR itself within the wider scope of greater than 84 protection angle (i.e., the protection radius is 10 times of the PCPLR installation height) under the lightning cloud electric field are protected from thundercloud electric field breakdown.

[0042] FIG. 4 is the schematic diagram of the installation structure of the invention: in which the PCPLR is mounted on the top of the tower at the highest point rising from the ground to the protected area, and it can also be installed on the top of the tower of the tallest buildings or the protected transmission line tower within the protected scope; In the figure, the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2 is connected with the strong-ionization discharging unit 3 and fixed at the top of the elevated tower through the strong-ionization discharging unit 3, and the grounding electrode of the strong-ionization discharging unit 3 is connected through a lead wire to the grounding conductor 4.

[0043] The strong-ionization discharging unit 3 of the invention can have various forms of structure. FIG. 5 is the first embodiment of the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention, it shows the schematic diagram of the concentric double ring arc cross section electrode of the strong-ionization discharge unit; As shown in FIG. 5, the concentric double ring arc section electrode includes one electrode A connected with the base of the thundercloud gathering and eliminating unit 2, and the outer circumferential surface of the electrode A is the outer annular curve surface 31; the inner circumferential surface of another electrode B connected with the grounding conductor 4 is the inner annular curve surface 32. The inner annular curve surface 32 is placed outside the outer annular curve surface 31, the outer annular curve surface 31 and the inner annular curve surface 32 are concentric, and the discharge gap is isolated and fixed with the insulating support between the outer annular curve surface 31 and the inner annular curve surface 32. In order to further improve the voltage breakdown level between the two electrodes, the insulating dielectric layer can be set between the outer annular curve surface 31 and the inner annular curve surface 32 according to the need.

[0044] FIG. 5 is the first embodiment. According to the actual need, the outer annular surface electrode 31 of the strong-ionization discharging unit 3 can be electrically connected with the grounding conductor 4, and the inner annular surface electrode 32 and the base of the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2 can be connected.

[0045] FIG. 6A is the second embodiment of the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention, which shows that the two electrodes of the discharge electrodes of the strong-ionization discharging unit are as shown in the schematic diagram with the plate electrodes to eliminate the intensification effect of the edge electric field. As shown in the figure, one flat plate electrode 35 is connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2 and another flat plate electrode 36 is connected with the grounding conductor 4. In order to avoid the discharge breakdown of the marginal electric field intensification effect, the circumferences of the discharge surfaces of the flat plate electrode A 35 and the flat plate electrode B 36 are respectively constructed as circular arc curling edge. In the presence of thundercloud electric field, the inner side electric field of the flat plate electrode 35 and thundercloud electric field are the same polar electric field, the electric field of the flat plate electrode B 36) and the induced ground electric field are the same polarity electric field, and the ionization discharging is generated between the flat plate electrode A 35 and the flat plate electrode B 36 due to the inverse polarity of their electric fields.

[0046] FIG. 6B is the schematic diagram of the plate electrode gap being inserted with the insulating dielectric layer for the discharging unit in the FIG. 6A; For further improving the voltage breakdown level between the two electrodes, according to the needs, the insulating dielectric layer 5 can be inserted into the gap between the flat plate electrode A 35 and the flat plate electrode 36. The discharging gap between the discharging electrodes is separated and fixed by an insulating support, the strong-ionization discharging unit is fixed to the top of the tower through the grounding electrode and the following embodiments are all the same and it is not necessary to be repeatedly described.

[0047] FIG. 7A is the third embodiment of the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention, showing the schematic diagram that the annular thin line electrode of the strong-ionization discharging unit is connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit; As shown in the figure, the described electrode B of the strong-ionization discharging unit is the annular plate 37 and the annular plate 37 is connected with the grounding conductor 4; Another electrode A is the annular thin line electrode 38 which is concentric with the annular plate 37. The annular thin line electrode is connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2.

[0048] FIG. 7B is the strong-ionization discharging unit which is similar as that in FIG. 7A, showing the schematic diagram that the annular thin line electrode of the strong-ionization discharge unit is electrically connected with the grounding conductor; As shown in the figure, the described electrode A of the strong-ionization discharging unit is the annular plate 37 and the annular plate 37 is connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2; another electrode B is the circular thin line electrode 38 which is concentric with the annular plate 37. The annular thin line electrode is connected with the grounding conductor 4.

[0049] The radius R of the thin line section circular arc of the thin line electrode 38 is about 0.1 mm10 mm.

[0050] The thin line of the thin line electrode 38 generally comprises: protrusions provided on the plate plane of a flat plate electrode and an arc electrode, the protrusions includes a thin circular line, a semicircle line, a tooth tip line, a section line of a thin plate, a edge line of a thick plate. The radius R of the cross section circular arc of the protrusions is about 0.1 mm10 mm, which can produce a thin line effect in ionization discharging.

[0051] In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, in order to further increase the voltage breakdown level between the two electrodes, the insulating dielectric layer can be inserted between the annular electrodes 37 and 38 according to the need.

[0052] FIG. 8A is the fourth embodiment of the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention, showing the schematic diagram that the cylindrical thin line electrode is vertical to the plate electrode and is connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit; As shown in the figure, the described electrode B of the strong-ionization discharging unit is the flat plate electrode 39, which is electrically connected with the grounding conductor 4; Another electrode A is the cylindrical thin line electrode 30 vertical to the flat plate electrode 39 and the thin line electrode is connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2. An appropriate ionization discharging gap is maintained between the flat plate electrode 39 and the cylindrical thin line electrode 30 vertical to the flat plate electrode 39.

[0053] The embodiment in FIG. 8B is similar to the strong-ionization discharging unit in FIG. 8A, showing the schematic diagram that the vertical cylindrical thin line electrode is set vertical to the plate electrode and is connected with the grounding conductor 4; As shown in the figure, the described electrode A of the strong-ionization discharging unit is the flat plate electrode 39, which is electrically connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2; Another electrode B is the cylindrical thin line electrode 30 vertical to the plate electrode 39 and the thin line electrode is connected with the grounding conductor 4. An appropriate ionization discharging gap is maintained between the flat plate electrode 39 and the cylindrical thin line electrode 30 vertical to the flat plate electrode 39.

[0054] In the embodiments shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, in order to further increase the voltage breakdown level between the two electrodes, according to the needs, the insulating dielectric layer can be inserted in the gap between the flat plate electrode 39 and the cylindrical thin line electrode 30 vertical thereto.

[0055] The strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention can also be a spherical electrode; One spherical electrode is electrically connected with the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit 2, and another spherical electrode is electrically connected with the grounding conductor 4.

[0056] In order to improve the effect of ionization discharge, in some embodiments, the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit is a lightning-eliminating array. The lightning eliminating array can either be the LEA of American-style with multi short-rods or the LEA of Chinese-style with less long-rods.

[0057] The lightning-eliminating array comprises an arc-cover base and a dozen to hundreds of array rods; these array rods are mounted on the outer wall of the base. The array rod can be a metal solid rod or a metal hollow tube.

[0058] FIG. 4 is the schematic diagram of installation structure of the thundercloud charge gathering and eliminating unit and the strong-ionization discharging unit of the invention. As shown in the figure, the lightning eliminating array comprises one base and several array rods; The array rods are mounted on the outer wall of the base and the array rods are hollow metal tubes; a discharging space is formed within the base, and the described electrode A of the strong-ionization discharging unit is combined into one with the lightning eliminating array rods and base and is installed in the discharging space with another electrode B of the ground conductor; The base is fixed on the electrode seat of the electrode B through the insulating supporter and then fixed on the lightning rejection tower through the electrode seat.

The bottom of the base is provided with an open inlet, and the updraft enters the base along the inlet, flowing through the discharge electrodes and being exited to the space through the outlet of each array rods and tubes. The air passages are interconnected between the inlet, the strong-ionization discharging space and the hollow tubes of each array rods, the airflow channel is suitable for accelerating the inhalation of more updraft to ionize and outputting the ionized gas to the metal tips end of the array rods for re-ionizing and dissipating to produce more dissipation current.

[0059] The passive compound strong-ionization discharging plasma lightning rejection device of the invention neutralizes the thundercloud charges through the strong-ionization discharging unit 3 and in the way of strong-ionization discharging; in the meanwhile, the strong-ionization discharging unit 3 produces plasma by ionizing the air around it during the discharging process. It doesn't need artificial power supply in the process of air ionization, but uses the energy provided by the thundercloud electric field to ionize the air from the atmosphere and efficiently produce high density plasma. The indexes of ion density, ionizing degree and ion instantaneous producing rate are greatly superior to those achieved by active plasma generator. For instance, the key indicatordissipation current is about 600 times that of the active plasma generator and then ensures its reliable lightning rejecting passively. In the test operation of the prototype PLR in heavy lightning strike areas, the lightning stroke risk is monitored with lightning fore-alarm and the lightning rejection function of PLR is monitored with lightning stroke counter. In the wide protection range of the protection angle greater than 84, the records of successfully rejecting lightning without failure have reached for thousands of times.

[0060] A variety of simulation tests have been carried out for the invention. In one of the tests, when the thunder-cloud electrode plate is supplied with strong electric field strength and the conventional LR maintains strong brush-discharging as its electric field strength is increased by about 1000 times due to the point effect on its tip, move a LPR into any position under the thundercloud electrode plate, then the LR immediately stops discharging and there is also no discharging between the PLR and the thundercloud electrode plate either. It shows that PLR is able to protect the objects like LR with the highest induced electric field strength and PLR itself from lightning stroke under the whole thundercloud electrode plate. With the strong ionization discharging, PLR can reach the charge dissipating rate of 30 mC/s (i.e. 30 mA dissipating current), i.e., in 5.6 minutes it can neutralize 10C charges at the bottom of the thundercloud and then effectively restrains the intensification of thundercloud electric field and the formation and development of the lightning leader and realizes the lightning rejection with non-lightning-breakdown to the ground by the way of slow leaking and neutralizing the charges at the bottom of the thundercloud.

[0061] The above descriptions are the typical embodiments according to the conception and working principle of the invention as well as by implementing the idea and working principle of the invention. The above embodiments should not be construed as the limitation of the conception and working principle of the invention. Other embodiments and examples in accordance with the idea of the invention as well as the combination of embodiments and examples all belong to the protection scope of the invention.