Coated glass or glass ceramic substrate with haptic properties

Abstract

A coated glass or glass ceramic substrate with a local-area and/or full-area layer having haptic properties is provided. The layer has a haptically perceptible texture and includes texturing inorganic and/or polysiloxane-based particles that are fixed on the substrate by a layer-forming material. The particles cause protrusions on the layer and so produce the haptically perceptible texture. The substrate is also provided, at least partially, with at least one additional layer.

Claims

1. A coated glass or glass ceramic substrate, comprising: a layer having a haptically perceptible texture formed by particles selected from the group consisting of texturing inorganic particles, polysiloxane-based particles, and combinations thereof, the particles being fixed on the substrate by a layer-forming material so that the particles cause protrusions on the layer to produce the haptically perceptible texture, wherein the layer has a volume ratio of the layer-forming material to the particles of greater than 0.1 and a mass ratio of the layer-forming material to the particles that ranges from 20 to 0.1; at least one, at least partial, additional layer, wherein the additional layer has a thickness of five micrometers or less; a ratio of intensity of light that is transmitted through the substrate and the layer and passing at an angle of 0 to an intensity of light that is transmitted through the substrate and the layer and scattered at an angle of 10 is at least 2, and wherein the layer-forming material comprises a glass having a composition (in wt. %) consisting of: TABLE-US-00007 Li.sub.2O 0-10 Na.sub.2O 0-10 K.sub.2O 0-10 MgO 0-5 CaO 0-5 SrO 0-4 BaO 0-24 ZnO 0-15 B.sub.2O.sub.3 0-29 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 0-25 SiO.sub.2 44-73 TiO.sub.2 0-5 ZrO.sub.2 0-7 As.sub.2O.sub.3 0-1 Sb.sub.2O.sub.3 0-15 F 0-3.

2. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer is a local-area layer on only a portion of a surface of the substrate or a full-area layer on all of the surface of the substrate.

3. A coated glass or glass ceramic substrate, comprising: a layer having a haptically perceptible texture formed by particles selected from the group consisting of texturing inorganic particles, polysiloxane-based particles, and combinations thereof, the particles being fixed on the substrate by a layer-forming material so that the particles cause protrusions on the layer to produce the haptically perceptible texture, wherein the layer has a volume ratio of the layer-forming material to the particles of greater than 0.1 and a mass ratio of the layer-forming material to the particles that ranges from 20 to 0.1; at least one, at least partial, additional layer, wherein the additional layer is disposed on or under the layer, and wherein the additional layer is transparent; and a ratio of intensity of light that is transmitted through the substrate and the layer and passing at an angle of 0 to an intensity of light that is transmitted through the substrate and the layer and scattered at an angle of 10 is at least 2.

4. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the layer and the additional layer is a screen printed layer.

5. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer-forming material is selected from the group consisting of an organic matrix, an inorganic matrix, a polysiloxane-based matrix, a silazane-based matrix, a glass-based layer-forming matrix, and any combination thereof.

6. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer-forming material exhibits a temperature resistance of more than 500 C.

7. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer has a visible degree of surface occupancy of the particles protruding from the layer-forming material of greater than 5%.

8. The coated substrate according to claim 7, wherein the surface occupancy of the particles protruding from the layer-forming material is greater than 30%.

9. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer has a volume ratio of the layer-forming material to the particles of greater than 0.4.

10. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer has a mass ratio of the layer-forming material to the particles that ranges from 1.8 to 0.4.

11. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer has an average spacing of the particles, based on a spacing from a particle center to a particle center, of less than 4 times an average particle diameter of the particles.

12. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer has an average layer thickness that ranges between 0.5 m and 50 m.

13. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer has an average layer thickness at locations without the particles that ranges between 0.1 m and 20 m.

14. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the layer has an average layer thickness of the layer-forming material that is always less than an average particle diameter of the particles.

15. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the particles protrude partially from the layer-forming material, the particles having an outer contour selected from the group consisting of edgeless, spherical, polygonal, and combinations thereof.

16. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the particles are edgeless spherical particles and the layer comprises an average level difference between a lowest point on two particles and a highest point on one of these particles that ranges between 4 and 10 m.

17. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the particles comprise materials selected from the group consisting of glasses, polysiloxanes, SiO.sub.2, phenyl polysiloxane, methyl polysiloxane, methylphenyl polysiloxane, organically functionalized polysiloxanes, alkali-poor borosilicate glasses, alkali alumosilicate glasses, oxidic materials, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, crystalline SiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, ZrSiO.sub.4 ZnAl.sub.2O.sub.4, MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4, Y.sub.2O.sub.3, yttrium-doped ZrO.sub.2, calcium-doped ZrO.sub.2, magnesium-doped ZrO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, and ZnO.

18. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the particles have a softening range from below to about a burning-in temperature of the layer-forming material.

19. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the coated substrate has a reflectance at 550 nm from 6 to 9%.

20. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the coated substrate has a transmittance at 550 nm from 75 to 85%.

21. The coated substrate according to claim 3, wherein the layer-forming material comprises a glass having a composition (in wt. %) of: TABLE-US-00008 Li.sub.2O 0-10 Na.sub.2O 0-10 K.sub.2O 0-10 MgO 0-5 CaO 0-5 SrO 0-4 BaO 0-24 ZnO 0-15 B.sub.2O.sub.3 0-29 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 0-25 SiO.sub.2 44-73 TiO.sub.2 0-5 ZrO.sub.2 0-7 As.sub.2O.sub.3 0-1 Sb.sub.2O.sub.3 0-15 F 0-3.

22. The coated substrate according to claim 3, wherein the layer-forming material comprises a glass having a composition (in wt. %) of: TABLE-US-00009 SiO.sub.2 35-65 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 3-18 B.sub.2O.sub.3 5-25 Li.sub.2O 0-12 Na.sub.2O 0-18 K.sub.2O 0-18 CaO 0-17 MgO 0-12 BaO 0-38 SrO 0-16 ZnO 0-38 TiO.sub.2 0-5 ZrO.sub.2 0-3 Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 0 CoO 0 Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 0 MnO 0 CeO.sub.2 0 F 0.

23. The coated substrate according to claim 3, wherein the layer-forming material comprises a glass having a composition (in wt. %) of: TABLE-US-00010 SiO.sub.2 6-20 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 0-5 B.sub.2O.sub.3 20-38 Li.sub.2O 0-2 Na.sub.2O 0-2 K.sub.2O 0-2 CaO 0-2 MgO 0-2 BaO 0-2 SrO 0-2 ZnO 35-70 TiO.sub.2 0-5 ZrO.sub.2 0-5 Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 0-20 CoO 0-5 Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 0-5 MnO 0-10 CeO.sub.2 0-2 F 0-6.

24. The coated substrate according to claim 1, comprising a haze value of light reflected at the layer that ranges from between 65% and 90%.

25. The coated substrate according to claim 1, comprising a gloss value of light reflected at the layer that ranges between 15% and 35%.

26. The coated substrate according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a transparent glass ceramic panel having an upper surface coated with the layer, and further comprising a display element arranged under or at a lower surface of the glass ceramic panel so that in operation the display element shines through the layer on the upper surface.

27. A coated glass or glass ceramic substrate, comprising: a layer having a haptically perceptible texture, the layer being formed by texturing inorganic particles and polysiloxane-based particles fixed on the substrate by a layer-forming material so that the texturing inorganic particles and polysiloxane-based particles cause protrusions on the layer to produce the haptically perceptible texture, wherein the layer has a volume ratio of the layer-forming material to the texturing inorganic particles and polysiloxane-based particles of greater than 0.1 and a mass ratio of the layer-forming material to the texturing inorganic particles and polysiloxane-based particles that ranges from 20 to 0.1; and at least one, at least partial, additional layer, wherein the additional layer comprises color pigments, and is disposed on or under the layer, wherein the layer-forming material comprises a glass having a composition (in wt. %) consisting of: TABLE-US-00011 Li.sub.2O 0-10 Na.sub.2O 0-10 K.sub.2O 0-10 MgO 0-5 CaO 0-5 SrO 0-4 BaO 0-24 ZnO 0-15 B.sub.2O.sub.3 0-29 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 0-25 SiO.sub.2 44-73 TiO.sub.2 0-5 ZrO.sub.2 0-7 As.sub.2O.sub.3 0-1 Sb.sub.2O.sub.3 0-15 F 0-3.

28. The coated glass of claim 1, wherein the additional layer provides to the coated glass or glass ceramic substrate at least one property selected from the group consisting of visible to the human eye, hydrophobic, and anti-bacterial.

29. The coated glass of claim 3, wherein the additional layer provides to the coated glass or glass ceramic substrate at least one property selected from the group consisting of visible to the human eye, hydrophobic, and anti-bacterial.

30. The coated glass of claim 27, wherein the additional layer provides to the coated glass or glass ceramic substrate at least one property selected from the group consisting of visible to the human eye, hydrophobic, and anti-bacterial.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows embodiments of locally patterned haptic layers;

(2) FIG. 2 shows a layer having a velvety haptic perception;

(3) FIG. 3 shows a layer having a rough haptic perception;

(4) FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional SEM image of a layer with a velvety haptic perception;

(5) FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional SEM image of a layer with a rough haptic perception;

(6) FIG. 6 shows transmission characteristics of different samples in function of the wavelength;

(7) FIG. 7 shows angle-dependent light scattering of different samples; and

(8) FIGS. 8 through 10 show optical micrographs of samples.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(9) The following table summarizes various glasses according to the disclosure for producing the glass flow forming particles, and the composition thereof.

(10) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Composition of inventive glasses in wt. % Wt. % Glass A Glass B Glass C Glass D Glass E Glass F SiO.sub.2 44-57 53-63 57-62 47-52 40-50 63-73 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 5-25 15-25 5-8 2-6 9-15 0-7 B.sub.2O.sub.3 0-27 15-22 18-23 17-21 10-15 12-29 Li.sub.2O 0-10 2-7 2-6 3-5 0-4 0-6 Na.sub.2O 0-10 0-1 0-1 1-5 1-4 0-8 K.sub.2O 0-10 0-1 0-4 5-10 0-3 0-8 CaO 0-4 1-4 1-2 0-2 0-3 0-5 MgO 0-3 1-4 0-2 0-1 0-3 0.1-5 BaO 0-4 0-1 0-2 0-2 16-24 0-5 SrO 0-4 1-4 0.5-2 0-1 0-2 0-4 ZnO 0-15 1-4 0-2 0-3 8-15 0-15 TiO.sub.2 0-3 0-1 0-2 0-2 0-3 0-5 ZrO.sub.2 0-7 1-4 2-5 0-2 0-4 0-5 As.sub.2O.sub.3 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 Sb.sub.2O.sub.3 0-15 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-15 0-1 F 0-3 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 H.sub.2O 0-5 0-3 0-3 0-3 0-3 0-3

(11) Other glasses according to the disclosure for producing glass flow forming particles, which are mainly used for producing haptic layers on glasses, in particular on soda-lime glasses, are summarized in Table 5:

(12) TABLE-US-00005 Wt. % Glass G Glass H Glass I Glass J Glass K SiO.sub.2 25-55 35-65 30-54 6-20 6-15 Al.sub.2O.sub.3 3-18 0 0-17.5 0-5 0 B.sub.2O.sub.3 5-25 0 13-28 20-38 20-28 Li.sub.2O 0-12 0-6 3-6 0 0 Na.sub.2O 3-18 0-6 4-10 0 0 K.sub.2O 3-18 0-6 0-2 0 0 CaO 3-17 0-12 0-6 0 0 MgO 0-10 0-12 0-4 0 0 BaO 0-12 0-38 0 0 0 SrO 0 0-16 0-4 0 0 ZnO 0 17.5-38 3-13 35-70 58-70 TiO.sub.2 0-5 0 0-2 0-5 0 ZrO.sub.2 0-3 0 0-2 0-5 0 Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 0 0 0 0-20 0 CoO 0 0 0 0-5 0 Fe.sub.20.sub.3 0 0 0 0-5 MnO 0 0 0 0-10 0.5-1 Ce0.sub.2 0 0 0 0 0-3 F 0 0 0-3.3 0-6 0

(13) The glasses were melted and were ground when cooled down, to produce a glass flow forming particle.

(14) Then the glass flow forming particles were mixed with the texturing particles, to produce the glass frit according to the disclosure. By adding screen-printing oils, pastes were prepared, which were applied onto lithium alumosilicate glass ceramic substrates by screen printing. Burning-in of the applied paste was accomplished during ceramization.

(15) FIG. 1 shows various possible embodiments of locally patterned haptic layers on a substrate 20. Without being limited to the specific embodiment of FIG. 1, the substrate may in particular comprise a glass or glass ceramic kitchen element, wherein the layer with texturing particles is a printing on the kitchen element. In particular, the layer is suitable for a local or full-area printing on a bulk colored and/or color-coated glass ceramic cooktop, for radiation heaters and/or induction cookers.

(16) In FIG. 1 the areas identified by 10 illustrate embodiments of slide switches which are designed with touch sensitivity. Sections 10 of the substrate surface with the touch-sensitive slide switches were produced with a layer that causes a velvety haptic perception.

(17) The sections of the substrate surface denoted by 11 illustrate two areas that have been provided with a layer that produces a rough haptic perception. These functional areas are formed as cooking hobs, the rough haptic perception being advantageous due to the better static friction thereof.

(18) FIG. 2 shows a layer 21 on a transparent substrate 20. Spherical texturing polymethylsiloxane particles did not or not significantly alter their outer contours during application and burning-in since they have a very high melting point above the burning-in temperature. Therefore, they may be present as particles 22 fully embedded in the layer, or as only partially embedded particles 24. Furthermore, a portion thereof may be covered by the layer, so that one surface portion of particle 23 is free of glass. Such a layer with a homogeneous distribution of the texturing particles in terms of the height and width of the spherical outer contour causes a velvety haptic perception.

(19) FIG. 3 illustrates a layer in which both texturing particles with a melting point above the burning-in temperature and texturing particles with a lower softening temperature were used, for example particles of alkali alumosilicate glass or low-alkali borosilicate glass. For the texturing particles of the lower softening point, partial melting occurs during burning-in, so that fragments are formed.

(20) Portions of fragments 31 protrude from the layer as a point and cause a rough haptic perception.

(21) FIG. 4 shows a scanning electron micrograph of a layer with a velvety haptic perception, and FIG. 5 illustrates a layer with a rough haptic perception, in cross section.

EXAMPLE 1

Preparation of a Layer with Velvety Haptics

(22) 19 g of glass flow forming particles of a ground glass C are mixed with 61.5 g of screen printing pasting medium and 19 g of texturing homogeneous spherical methylpolysiloxane particles with a mean particle size of 4.5 m. The so produced paste is homogenized for 10 min using a Dispermat.

(23) Then, textured layers are applied on green glass by screen printing using a 140 mesh screen. The so applied layers are dried at a temperature of 180 C. for 30 min. Burning-in is accomplished at 900 C. during the ceramization of a bulk colored glass ceramic substrate.

(24) In this way, haptic layers according to the disclosure are obtained with a velvety feel and good chemical and mechanical functional characteristics.

EXAMPLE 2

Preparation of a Layer with Rough Haptics (Variation A)

(25) 17 g of glass flow forming particles of a ground glass C are mixed with 60 g of screen printing pasting medium and 14 g of texturing particles of a mixture of spheres and idiomorphous (edged) particles of alkali alumosilicate glass, with 95% thereof having a particle size of not more than 12 m. This paste is homogenized for 10 min using a Dispermat. Then, textured layers are applied on green glass by screen printing using a 140 mesh screen.

(26) These layers are dried at 180 C. for 30 min. Burning-in is accomplished at about 900 C. during ceramization of the bulk colored glass ceramic.

(27) In this way, haptic layers according to the disclosure are obtained with rough haptics and good chemical and mechanical functional characteristics.

EXAMPLE 3

Preparation of a Layer with Rough Haptics (Variation B)

(28) 17 g of glass flow forming particles of a ground glass C are mixed with 60 g of screen printing pasting medium and 14 g of texturing particles of a mixture of spheres and idiomorphous (edged) particles of low-alkali borosilicate glass, with 95% thereof having a particle size of not more than 24 m.

(29) This paste is homogenized for 10 min using a Dispermat. Then, textured layers are applied on green glass by screen printing using a 140 mesh screen. These layers are dried at 180 C. for 30 min.

(30) Burning-in is accomplished at about 900 C. during ceramization of the bulk colored glass ceramic.

(31) In this way, haptic layers according to the disclosure are obtained with rough haptics and good chemical and mechanical functional characteristics.

EXAMPLE 4

Preparation of a Layer with Velvety Haptics and Anti-Fingerprint Effect and Matting Properties

(32) 19 g of glass flow particles of a ground glass frit of a glass flow composition (glass C) are mixed with 61.5 g of screen printing pasting medium and 19 g of texturing homogeneous spherical methylpolysiloxane particles with a mean particle size of 4.5 m.

(33) This paste is homogenized for 10 min using a Dispermat.

(34) Then, textured layers are applied on green glass by screen printing using a 140 mesh screen. These layers are dried at a temperature of 180 C. for 30 min.

(35) Burning-in is accomplished at about 900 C. during ceramization of the non-bulk colored glass ceramic.

(36) In this way, haptic layers according to the disclosure are obtained with velvety haptics, fingerprint unobtrusiveness and matting visual properties.

EXAMPLE 5

Preparation of a Layer with Velvety Haptics and Anti-Fingerprint Effect and Matting Properties

(37) 19 g of glass flow particles of a ground glass frit (zinc borate flow, glass J) are mixed with 61.5 g of screen printing pasting medium and 19 g of texturing homogeneous spherical methylpolysiloxane particles with a mean particle size of 4.5 m.

(38) This paste is homogenized for 10 min using a Dispermat.

(39) Then, textured layers are applied on low-iron soda-lime glass of a thickness of 4 mm by screen printing using a 140 mesh screen. These layers are dried at 130 C. for 5 min.

(40) Burning-in is accomplished at about 710 C. for 3 min during the tempering process.

(41) In this way, haptic layers according to the disclosure are obtained with a velvety feel, fingerprint unobtrusiveness and matting visual properties.

EXAMPLE 6

Preparation of a Layer with Velvety Haptics and Anti-Fingerprint Effect and Matting Properties

(42) 70 g of a 60 mass % solution of a high-temperature stable phenyl methylpolysiloxane resin in xylene (trade name REN80, Wacker Silicones) are mixed with 19 g of texturing homogeneous spherical methylpolysiloxane particles with a mean particle size of 4.5 m.

(43) This screen printing paste is homogenized for 10 min using a Dispermat.

(44) Then, textured layers are applied on toughened low-iron soda-lime glass of a thickness of 4 mm by screen printing using a 140 mesh screen. These layers are cured at 300 C. for 1 h.

(45) In this way, haptic layers according to the disclosure are obtained with a velvety feel, fingerprint unobtrusiveness and matting visual properties.

EXAMPLE 7

Preparation of a Layer with a Velvety Feel and Anti-Fingerprint Effect and Matting Properties

(46) 40 g of a solvent-free two-component epoxy-functionalized polysiloxane resin (Silikophon EC, by Evonic) are mixed with 19 g of texturing homogeneous spherical methylpolysiloxane particles with a mean particle size of 4.5 m.

(47) This screen printing paste is homogenized for 10 min using a Dispermat.

(48) Then, textured layers are applied on toughened low-iron soda-lime glass of a thickness of 4 mm by screen printing using a 140 mesh screen. These layers are cured at 200 C. for 60 min.

(49) In this way, haptic layers according to the disclosure are obtained with a velvety feel, fingerprint unobtrusiveness and matting visual properties.

(50) A comparison of the properties of two coated substrates according to the disclosure with reference samples will now be discussed below. Transparent glass ceramics has been used as a substrate for the inventive article. For a first sample, the glass ceramic was coated with a layer having a rough haptic appearance, and for a second sample with a layer having a velvety haptic appearance. The samples were compared with etched glass, with non-etched flat soda-lime glass (referred to as SL glass below), and with a transparent, uncoated glass ceramic. The following table shows a comparison of several visual and mechanical properties:

(51) TABLE-US-00006 Sample 1: Sample 2: Transparent Transparent Transparent Glass Glass Etched SL Glass Ceramic, Ceramic, Glass Glass Ceramic Rough Velvety Transmit- 81.6 91.7 90.9 82.4 79.6 tance [%] Haze [%] 95.1 0.3 0.2 71.8 84.6 Gloss [%] 6.6 99.9 99.7 21.2 25.9 Static 0.69 0.79 0.94 0.82 Friction PV [m] 19.707 0.058 0.619 8.329 8.115 RMS [m] 4.807 0.002 0.089 0.598 1.180 Ra [m] 4.133 0.002 0.070 0.444 1.035

(52) As can be seen from the table and from FIG. 6, the transmittance of coated samples 1 and 2 according to the disclosure is similar to that of an etched glass. Due to the light scattering resulting at the rough surface, the transmittance is lower than that of an uncoated transparent glass ceramic and of soda-lime glass.

(53) However, the haze value and gloss of the samples according to the disclosure differ significantly from the values of an etched glass. The haze value is lower than that of etched glass, whereas the gloss value is higher. The haze value represents the portion of the reflected light that is deflected in a small solid angle range around the mirrored beam. The gloss value, by contrast, represents the portion of the light reflected along the mirrored beam. These properties result in a different visual appearance as compared to etched glass. While the latter has a rather dull appearance, the lower haze and higher gloss values of the inventive samples result in a more silky appearance.

(54) Generally, according to one embodiment of the disclosure and supported by the exemplary values in the table, the layers can be distinguished in terms of their visual properties, by a haze value of the light reflected at the layer ranging from 65% to 90%, and/or by a gloss value ranging from 15% to 35%.

(55) As can be seen from FIG. 7, the curves of scattering in function of the scattering angle for samples 1, 2 and the etched glass do not differ clearly in a wide range of angles, so that the visual appearance of substrates according to the disclosure under diffusely scattered light is quite similar to that of an etched glass. However, there are significant differences at small scattering angles. The curve of the etched glass has a plateau in the range of about 15. For samples 1 and 2 according to the disclosure, by contrast, the light intensity continues to significantly increase as the scattering angle decreasing, and in this regard it is similar to the scattering curve of an uncoated glass ceramic. It should also be noted here, that the intensity scale in FIG. 7 is logarithmic.

(56) This property is advantageous, when illuminating display elements such as LED operation displays are arranged below a coated area of a substrate according to the disclosure. Both legibility and sharpness of the display are substantially preserved through the layer. In contrast, the light transmitted through an etched glass, is evenly scattered in a range of 10, so that the visibility of the contours of a display is at least severely restricted.

(57) Therefore, according to one modification of the disclosure, without being limited to the exemplary embodiments, a device is provided which comprises a coated substrate according to the disclosure, and an illuminating display is provided on one surface of the substrate, and at least the surface area of the substrate opposite to and facing away from the display, is provided with a layer having haptic properties. In particular, this may again be a glass ceramic cooktop comprising a transparent glass ceramic panel which has an upper surface coated with the layer according to the disclosure, and wherein a display element is arranged below or at the lower surface of the glass ceramic panel, so that the display element when in operation shines through the layer on the upper surface.

(58) According to yet another embodiment of the disclosure, the property of the layer to deflect a greater proportion of light intensity transmitted through the substrate to small scattering angles, as compared to etched glass, may be quantified as follows: The ratio of the intensity of light, which is transmitted through the substrate and the layer and passes at an angle of 0 (i.e. of the non-scattered light), to the intensity of light which is transmitted through the substrate and the layer and is scattered in an angle of 10, is at least 2, preferably at least 5. For comparison, and as can be seen in FIG. 7, this ratio is approximately 1 for the etched sample. That means, in this case the intensity of the light scattered at 10 is almost the same as that of the light transmitted at 0.

(59) Finally, FIGS. 8 and 9 show light micrographs of the samples of substrates coated according to the disclosure. FIG. 8 shows an image of the coated surface of sample 1, and FIG. 9 is an image of the coated surface of sample 2. FIG. 10 shows a micrograph of the etched surface of the etched glass, for purposes of comparison. In the light micrographs, the etched glass sample in FIG. 10 appears to be the roughest.

(60) Surprisingly, however, both samples according to the disclosure exhibit a higher static friction, as is apparent from the table above. According to yet another embodiment, without limitation to the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures, substrates coated according to the disclosure may further be characterized by their coefficient of static friction, which is at least 0.8. The RMS and Ra values of the layers are substantially smaller than those of an etched glass. For both samples, these values amount to not more than a quarter of the corresponding values of an etched glass. According to yet another modification of the disclosure, without limitation to the exemplary embodiments, the layers according to the disclosure may be characterized by an RMS value and/or an Ra value of not more than 2 m.

(61) Further advantageous embodiments include multiple printing, wherein two or more layers are printed over one another.

(62) By multiple printing, partial modifications of the topography can be carried out within the haptic surface in order to induce additional optical and haptic variations and/or other functionalizations.

(63) For example, one or more layers W can be introduced onto the applied haptic layer.

(64) These layers (haptic layer and additional layer W) can be applied onto the entire surface or as stoichiometric and/or astoichiometric grids and patterns, ornaments, written characters, etc. or combinations thereof.

(65) This additional layer W can be mixed with color pigments, so that optical contrast results. This additional layer W can be applied with a very small layer thickness (preferably <5 m, more preferably <2 m, still more preferably <1 m), so that it assumes the basic structure of the haptic layer. In this case, an optical contrast, a color contrast results, but the haptic impression is maintained.

(66) In addition, the layer W mixed with color pigments and having a greater layer thickness can be applied over the haptic base layer, so that, for example, a haptic contrast is also additionally produced along with the intense optical contrast. This optical contrast can be adjusted by the use of different color pigments or pigment mixtures.

(67) In order to combine a lower optical contrast with a haptic contrast, a transparent layer W without color pigments can be applied in a greater layer thickness onto the haptic base layer, so that the scattering effect of the base layer is minimized, but the haptic contrast between base layer and the additional layer W is intensified.

(68) Therefore, the transparency, specifically the semi-transparency, and opacity of the layers can be varied over the different layer thicknesses and the pigmentation.

(69) Also, a functionalization of the haptic base layer or of the additional layer(s) W would be possible, such as, for example, with an additional easy-to-clean layer, hydrophobic, anti-fingerprint, and/or antibacterial layer, etc., as a flat-surface or ornamental layer.

(70) Another special embodiment would be the maintaining of the haptic impression and an increase in the optical contrast, by printing a contrast-rich color layer W first and then printing the haptic layer thereover. The contrast-rich color layer is preferably applied hereto as a grid/pattern or written character/symbol.

(71) Embodiment Example:

(72) Production of a layer with velvety appearance and contrast-rich symbols.

(73) 17 g of glass flow-forming particles of a ground glass A and 2 g of particles of a spinel-black pigment (particle size <2 m) are mixed with 61.5 g of screen printing pasting medium and 19 g of texturing, homogeneous spherical methylpolysiloxane particles with a mean particle size of 4.5 m. The paste produced in this way is homogenized for 10 min by means of a Dispermat.

(74) Subsequently, this paste is applied by screen printing using a 140 mesh screen onto green glass as localized circles with a diameter of 4 cm and dried at a temperature of 180 C. for 30 min. Then patterns of ceramic paste (layer W) are printed on these circles using the 140 mesh screen and dried again at 180 C. for 30 min. For the ceramic paste, 15 g of glass flow-forming particles of a ground glass A and 3 g of TiO.sub.2 pigment (particle size of <1 m) are homogenized with 65 g of screen printing pasting medium using a three-roll mill.

(75) Burning-in is accomplished at about 900 C. during the ceramization of a bulk-colored substrate made of glass ceramics.

(76) Haptic layers according to the invention with a velvety feel and optical contrast as well as good use properties are obtained.