DISTRUBUTOR DEVICE OF FERTILIZERS

Abstract

A distributor device of fertilizer substances for a seeder machine comprises storing means (20) of a fertilizer substance, a plurality of distribution conduits (60) connected to the storing means (20), at least a source of high-velocity air (30) connected to the distribution conduits (60) for distributing, in use, the fertilizer substance. The device further comprises: at least a connecting element (70), comprising at least two infeeds (72) and at least one outfeed (76), the connecting element (70) being connected to at least two of the distribution conduits (60) so as to convey, in use, the fertilizer substance coming from at least the two distribution conduits (60) to the at least an outfeed (76).

Claims

1. A distributor device of fertilizer substances comprising storing means (20) of a fertilizer substance, a plurality of distribution conduits (60) connected to the storing means (20), at least a source of high-velocity air (30) connected to the distribution conduits (60) for distributing, in use, the fertilizer substance, the device further comprising: at least a connecting element (70), comprising at least two infeeds (72) and at least one outfeed (76), the connecting element (70) being connected to at least two of the distribution conduits (60) so as to convey, in use, the fertilizer substance coming from at least the two distribution conduits (60) to the at least an outfeed (76), wherein the connecting element (70) comprises at least a venting device (74).

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the venting device comprises at least a breather tube (78) connected to the connecting element (70).

3. The device of claim 1, further comprising at least a distribution chamber (40) comprising a plurality of peripheral outlet openings (54) each being connected to one of the distribution conduits (60).

4. The device of claim 3, wherein the distribution chamber (40) is connected to a conveyor conduit (36) of the fertilizer substance, the conveyor conduit (36) being connected to the storing means (20).

5. The device of claim 4, wherein the distribution chamber comprises a concave upper disc (44) and a concave lower disc (46), coupled to one another.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the upper disc (44) comprises a concave surface with a central projection (50) which defines an annular depression (48) along all the edge portion of the upper disc (44).

7. The device of claim 4, wherein the source of high-velocity air (30) is arranged upstream of the storing means (20) which are located upstream of the distribution chamber (40), which is located upstream of the connecting element (70) in the advancing direction of the high-velocity air current.

8. The device of claim 3, wherein the distribution chamber comprises at least four peripheral outlet openings (54).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will more fully emerge from the following description, made by way of example with reference to the appended figures, in which:

[0019] FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a seeder machine comprising the distributor device of fertilizer according to the present invention;

[0020] FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the distributor device of FIG. 1;

[0021] FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal section view of a distribution chamber according to the present invention; and

[0022] FIG. 4 is a cross section view of the distribution chamber of FIG. 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The present embodiment relates to a distributor device of fertilizer associated to a seeder machine. However the device of the invention can, in accordance with different embodiments, be applied also to other agricultural machines. With particular reference to the figures, an agricultural seeder machine comprises a main frame, usually made of a metal material, selectively engageable to a tractor machine, for example but not limitedly an agricultural tractor. The main frame is elongate in a preferential direction, substantially perpendicular to the advancement direction of the tractor machine and comprises a rear longitudinal member 4 comprising attaching means, preferably a three-point hitch, for a selective connection thereof to a tractor machine. The main frame comprises a front longitudinal member 6, also preferably made of a metal material, solidly connected to the rear longitudinal member 4. It is naturally possible to include one or more fixed frames, mobile and foldable and/or telescopic, or two or more longitudinal members connected hingedly, without for this reason forsaking the scope of the present invention.

[0024] A row breaker 8 can be hinged to each lateral end of the frame, for example hydraulic, mobile between a lowered position and a raised position, as known to the technical expert in the sector.

[0025] The agricultural seeder machine comprises a plurality of seeding units connected to the front longitudinal member 6 by means of selective connecting means. Each seeding unit comprises one or more tanks 10, or hoppers, which in use contain the seeds to be distributed on the terrain. The tanks 10 have an upper cover and a lower opening serving a seed distributing member. The distributor discs 12, neither illustrated nor described in detail in the present description, are able to dispense a batched quantity of seeds, for example one seed at a time at regular intervals, in each furrow, in accordance with the advancement velocity of the seeder. The seeder device further comprises furrowing elements, for example but not limitingly a pair of discs 14, and control organs of the seeding depth, for example but not limitingly, a pair of depth wheels 16 located laterally with respect to the fall position of the seed. The seeder device lastly comprises a furrow closing group, arranged downstream of the fall point in the advancement direction of the seeder device. The closing group comprises, for example, but not limitingly, a roller, or levelling ploughshares, or a pair of rotary closing wheels 18, inclined to one another and having an inclined rotation axis with respect to the horizontal.

[0026] The agricultural seeder machine according to the present invention further comprises a distributor device of fertilizer substances. The device comprises storing means of fertilizer substances, for example one or more tanks, more preferably one or more hoppers 20. The hopper 20 is connected to the main frame of the seeder, for example superiorly thereof, by means of support organs, for example an upright 22 and a pair of cross members 24 engaged to the upright and the hopper 20. Naturally the number and dimensions of each hopper might vary widely according to the specific use needs of the distributor device of fertilizer substances, and the number and/or shape of the support organs might vary without for this reason forsaking the scope of the present invention. For example, a plurality of hoppers might be included, each containing different fertilizer substances, or a single hopper so as to enable a single and rapid loading of the hopper with the fertilizer substances, or in any case another and different combination of hoppers.

[0027] As is more clearly illustrated in FIG. 2, the distributor device of fertilizer substances according to the present invention further comprises one or more sources of high-velocity air, for example but not limitedly, at least a centrifuge ventilator 30 activated by motor means of known type, not illustrated, preferably by the same tractor machine. The ventilator 30 is provided upstream of the hopper 20 in the advancement direction of the high-velocity air. The number of air sources 30 can be linked to the number of hoppers 20 present in the distributor device, or it is possible to include one or more air sources 30 arranged in proximity of different portions of the single hopper 20, for example, but not limitingly, an air source 30 in proximity of each end or one in the centre of the hopper 20. The number and/or the arrangement of the air sources can widely vary and is connected to the volume and the quantity of fertilizer substances to be distributed and batched.

[0028] The centrifuge ventilator 30 is connected to a conveyor system comprising one or more tubes 32, for example made of a plastic material, connected to the outfeed of the centrifuge ventilator 30. The tube 32 is in turn connected to a conveyor conduit 36, for example made of a plastic material, through an air divider 34 connected to the lower outfeed of the one or more hoppers 20 and able, in use, to regulate the volume of air internally of the conveyor system. In this way, in use, the fertilizer substance contained in the hopper 20 inserts by force of gravity internally of the air divider 34 and is conveyed internally of the conveyor conduit 36 by the air current coming from the centrifuge ventilator 30.

[0029] It is optionally possible to include a batching device of the quantity of fertilizer in outlet from the hopper 20 and in inlet to the air divider 34. For example, the batching device comprises a regulating organ 38 able to increase or reduce the quantity of product batched so as to increase or reduce the quantity of fertilizer which by force of gravity drops internally of the conveyor tube 36. Each conveyor tube 36 is connected at the other end thereof to at least a distribution chamber 40 engaged to the frame or the hopper 20. The distribution chamber 40 comprises a pair of concave discs coupled to one another so as to define internally thereof a distribution space. The upper disc 44 comprises a concave surface with a central projection 50 which defines an annular depression 48 along all the edge portion of the upper disc 44. The lower disc 46 comprises a central inlet opening 52 and a plurality of peripheral outlet openings 54 arranged radially along the whole edge portion of the lower disc 46. One of the ends of the conveyor tube 36 is inserted internally of the opening of the central inlet 52.

[0030] As illustrated in FIG. 4, one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention comprises at least four outlet openings each fashioned at an angular distance so as to be distributed uniformly along the whole peripheral annular portion of the lower disc. Naturally different arrangements can be included, including angular differences and/or number of peripheral outlet openings, with equal and/or different diameters, without forsaking the scope of the present invention. For example the distribution chamber 40 can comprise eight or ten or twelve outlet openings, or any equal number of outlets more than four. A plurality of distribution conduits 60, preferably flexible tubes made of plastic material, are connected, each with a first end thereof, to the peripheral openings 54 of the distribution chamber 40.

[0031] The distributor device of fertilizer substances according to the present invention comprises at least a connecting element 70, for example a manifold, comprising a plurality of infeeds and outfeeds. In the embodiment illustrated in the figures, the connecting element 70 comprises two infeeds, each of which is connected to an end of one of the distribution conduits 60. A first outfeed 74 of the manifold 70 is connected to the air venting device, for example a breather tube 78 of the air conveyed by the conveyor system and coming from the centrifuge ventilator 30. A second outfeed 76 of the manifold 70 is connected to a distributor conduit or tube 80 of the fertilizer substance which in turn comprises at an end thereof, a distributor nozzle 82 arranged vertically, with the outlet hole facing the terrain. The diameter of the breather tube 78 is preferably greater than the diameter of the distributor tube 80 so as to facilitate the air passage in the breather tube 78 and of the fertilizer in the distributor tube 80. This configuration enables the high-velocity air current to evacuate through the breather tube 78 and enables the fertilizer to reach the distributor nozzle 82 at a lower velocity so as not to be dispersed in the environment but to be distributed on the terrain with great precision.

[0032] It is naturally possible to have different connecting elements with respect to what is described and illustrated herein as long as the function carried out by the elements remains that of collecting the fertilizer substance coming from two or more distributor tubes and convey it internally of a single distributor nozzle.

[0033] The distributor device of fertilizer substances further comprises planting organs of fertilizer substances, for example, a flexible furrower or a double-disc furrower 102. The planting organ comprises a chassis 100, for example made of metal, which is connected to the frame of the seeder, preferably to the front longitudinal member 6 and is able to support, for example, a double-disc furrower 102. As is better visible in FIG. 1, the planting organ is arranged downstream of the distributor discs 12 along the advancement direction of the seeder in a laterally displaced position with respect to the distributor discs so as not to interfere with the furrows in which the seeds are deposited.

[0034] The distributor nozzle 82 is engaged to the chassis 100 and arranged in proximity of the planting organs of fertilizer substances, laterally or anteriorly of the double-disc furrower 102.

[0035] In use, the fertilizer substance contained internally of the hopper 20 is inserted by force of gravity in the conveyor conduit 36 and transported in suspension internally of the distribution chamber 40. The fertilizer substance bounces against depressions 48 of the upper disc 44 of the distribution chamber 40 and is directed towards the openings 54 fashioned on the lower disc 46 and entrained into the distribution conduits 60 through the outfeeds 54. Once the end of the conduits has been reached, the fertilizer substance is collected in the manifold 70, the air is evacuated through the breather tube 78 and the fertilizer substance distributed by the distributor nozzle 82 internally of the furrow realised by the planting organs 102.

[0036] As mentioned, the experimentations conducted by the present applicant have yielded surprising results using a distribution chamber with four, six, eight, twelve or more outlets connected, respectively, to four, six, eight, twelve or more distribution channels and connected two by two, at the ends thereof, by three or four manifolds, so that each distribution chamber is able to distribute and batch fertilizer substance into two, three or four, six or more contiguous furrows. Naturally it is possible also to provide different configurations and combinations in regard to the distribution channels as long as the device comprises a connecting element able to convey, in use, the fertilizer substance coming from two or more distribution conduits to a single distributor nozzle. All the details can be substituted by other technically-equivalent elements. Likewise, the materials used, as well as the forms and dimensions thereof, can be any according to needs without for this reason forsaking the scope of protection of the following claims