Abstract
A formwork system for a wall element, comprising at least one formwork panel, at least one connection component, and at least one frame section, wherein the connection component comprises at least one frame interface, which is designed to be releasably connected to a frame section, and at least one formwork interface, which is designed to be releasably connected to the formwork panel. The at least one connection component is connected here with its frame interface to the frame section, and the connection component is connected with its formwork interface to the at least one formwork panel. The connection between the connection component and the formwork panel and/or the connection between the connection component and the frame section is designed to be releasable when the system is constructed, and the frame section can be separated from the formwork panel.
Claims
1. A formwork system for a wall element, comprising at least one formwork panel, at least one connection component, and at least one frame section, wherein the frame section comprises a plurality of vertical posts and a plurality of horizontal bars and the frame section extends in three spatial directions, wherein the formwork panel comprises a framework and a formwork skin, wherein the framework has a plurality of longitudinal struts and a plurality of cross struts, wherein the longitudinal struts) and the cross struts are arranged substantially perpendicular to one another, and the formwork skin can be releasably fastened to the framework, wherein, in a connected state, the formwork skin rests on at least a portion of the longitudinal struts and the cross struts, wherein at least a part of the longitudinal struts and/or cross struts has an undercut which is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal struts and/or cross struts, wherein the undercut is provided for the form-fitting and frictionally engaged connection to the formwork interface of a connection component, wherein the connection component comprises at least one frame interface which is provided for releasable connection to the frame section and comprises at least one formwork interface which is provided for releasable connection to the formwork panel, wherein the formwork interface comprises at least one clamping element and the clamping element comprises at least two gripping arms, wherein at least one of the gripping arms is designed to be movable relative to another gripping arm, wherein the distance between the at least two gripping arms is designed to be adjustable, wherein the at least one connection component is connected with its frame interface to the frame section and the connection component is connected with its formwork interface to the at least one formwork panel, wherein the gripping arms of the clamping element engage in the undercut on the framework of the formwork panel at least in regions, as a result of which at least one form-fitting connection between the formwork interface and the formwork panel is present, wherein this connection can be arbitrarily positioned along the undercut, whereby the relative position between the connection component and the formwork panel is designed to be adjustable in a direction parallel to the running direction of the undercut, wherein the connection between the connection component and the formwork panel and/or the connection between the connection component and the frame section is designed to be releasable when the system is constructed, and thus the frame section can be separated from the formwork panel, wherein the frame section can be used as a free-standing frame section after being separated from the formwork panel.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein a support element is provided which is connected to the formwork interface and the frame interface, wherein the formwork interface and the frame interface are arranged at a distance from one another on the support element, and the support element has a longitudinal axis and the formwork interface and the frame interface are arranged at a distance from one another along the longitudinal axis, and wherein the longitudinal axis is oriented substantially parallel to the surface of the formwork skin or substantially perpendicular to the surface of the formwork skin.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein a compensating element is provided, which is arranged between the support element and the frame interface, wherein the compensating element has a linear bearing by which the frame interface and the support element can be displaced relative to the support element at least in regions in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support element.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein two frame interfaces and two formwork interfaces are provided, which are each arranged at a distance from one another on a common support element and/or the clamping element has an unlocking mechanism which can be actuated by a simple linear or rotational movement, wherein the form fit between the formwork interface and the formwork panel can be undone by actuating the unlocking mechanism.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the undercut on the framework of the formwork panel is designed as a groove which is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal struts and/or cross struts, wherein the groove has a U-shaped, rectangular or curved cross-section.
6. The system according to claim 1, wherein at least two connection components are provided and each connection component has at least two formwork interfaces, and the formwork panel has a plurality of cross struts with an undercut arranged thereon at least in regions, wherein the distance between the at least two formwork interfaces on the connection component corresponds to an integer multiple of the distance between two adjacent cross struts of the formwork panel.
7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the clamping element has an intermediate post on which the two gripping arms are arranged, wherein the longitudinal direction of the intermediate post runs substantially parallel to the direction of movement of at least one gripping arm, and wherein at least one frame interface is arranged on the intermediate post, which frame interface corresponds in shape and size to an interface in the frame section.
8. A method for producing a wall element, comprising the steps of A) setting up an adjustable formwork which comprises at least one formwork panel, B) fastening a reinforcement to the set-up adjustable formwork, C) setting up a closing formwork, wherein the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork delimit the spatial region in which the wall element is provided and wherein the reinforcement is arranged between the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork, and wherein the closing formwork is formed by a system according to claim 1, the formwork panel of which is oriented toward the reinforcement, and the frame section of the system is arranged on the side of the formwork panel opposite the adjustable formwork, D) preparing the formwork for the filling of a liquid material between the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork, E) filling the formwork with a liquid material, F) curing the material, whereby this material forms the wall element together with the reinforcement, G) separating the formwork panel from the frame section, wherein the frame interface of the connection component is detached from the frame section or the formwork interface of the connection component is detached from the formwork panel, H) removing the formwork panel, the frame section remaining in an unchanged position, I) processing the cast wall element from the frame section.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the formwork panel, the frame section, and the at least one connection component of the system are assembled prior to carrying out method step C).
10. A method for producing a wall element, comprising the steps of I) constructing a system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one connection component is connected with its frame interface to the frame section and with its formwork interface to the formwork panel, and wherein the system forms an adjustable formwork, II) fastening a reinforcement to the formwork skin of the formwork panel of the system, wherein the reinforcement is fastened from the frame section, III) setting up a closing formwork, wherein the closing formwork is introduced between the formwork panel and the frame section, and wherein the closing formwork and the formwork skin of the formwork panel delimit the spatial region in which the wall element is provided, and wherein the reinforcement is arranged between the closing formwork and the formwork panel, IV) preparing the formwork for the filling of a liquid material between the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork, V) filling the formwork with a liquid material, VI) curing the material, whereby this material forms the wall element together with the reinforcement, VII) separating the formwork panel from the frame section, wherein the frame interface of the connection component is detached from the frame section or the formwork interface of the connection component is detached from the formwork panel, and removing the formwork panel, VIII) removing the closing formwork, the frame section remaining in an unchanged position, IX) final processing of the cast wall element from the frame section.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein in method step I) the formwork panel and the frame section are constructed at a distance from one another and the length of the at least one connection component is equal to or greater than the thickness of the wall element to be produced.
12. The method according to claim 12, wherein in method step I), the frame section is constructed on the underlying surface as in the case of application or the frame section is placed on the underlying surface for construction.
13. The system according to claim 1, wherein the gripping arms of the clamping element engage in the undercut on the framework of the formwork panel at least in regions, as a result of which at least one form-fitting and also a frictionally engaged connection between the formwork interface and the formwork panel is present.
14. The system according to claim 2, wherein the support element is rod-shaped.
15. The method according to claim 8, wherein in method step E), anchors are introduced which connect the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork to one another.
16. The method according to claim 10, wherein in method step IV), anchors are introduced which connect the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork to one another.
Description
[0084] FIG. 1 shows a perspective representation of a first embodiment of a system according to the invention,
[0085] FIG. 2 shows a perspective detail view of a first embodiment of a system according to the invention,
[0086] FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through a cross strut of a formwork panel which belongs to an embodiment of the system according to the invention,
[0087] FIG. 4 shows a perspective representation of a second embodiment of a system according to the invention,
[0088] FIG. 5 shows a perspective detail view of an embodiment of a formwork interface of a connection component,
[0089] FIG. 6 shows a perspective detail view of a further embodiment of a formwork interface of a connection component,
[0090] FIG. 7 shows a perspective detail view of a further embodiment of a formwork interface of a connection component,
[0091] FIG. 8 shows a perspective representation of a first state when carrying out a method according to the invention,
[0092] FIG. 9 shows a perspective representation of a second state when carrying out a method according to the invention,
[0093] FIG. 10 shows a perspective representation of a third state when carrying out a method according to the invention,
[0094] FIG. 11 shows a perspective representation of a first state when carrying out an alternative method according to the invention,
[0095] FIG. 12 shows a perspective representation of a second state when carrying out an alternative method according to the invention,
[0096] FIG. 13 shows a perspective representation of a third state when carrying out an alternative method according to the invention.
[0097] In the figures, like elements are provided with like reference signs. In general, the described properties of an element which are described in relation to one figure also apply to the other figures. Directional specifications as above or below relate to the described figure and are to be transferred analogously to other figures.
[0098] FIG. 1 shows a perspective representation of a first embodiment of a system 100 according to the invention. In this embodiment, the depicted system 100 according to the invention comprises two formwork panels 2 which are oriented toward the rear left. The two formwork panels 2 are arranged vertically above one another and fixedly connected to one another. In the embodiment depicted, two identical formwork panels 2 are connected to one another in order to increase the vertical extension of the formwork. A system according to the invention comprises at least one formwork panel 2. The system 100 further comprises a frame section 3 oriented toward the front right, the formwork panel 2 and the frame section 3 being connected to each other by four connection components 1. This connection between formwork panel 2 and frame section 3 is designed to be detachable. It is possible to expand the system 100 by providing a plurality of formwork panels 2 arranged in parallel or aligned with one another and/or a plurality of frame sections 3, or by providing a longer or higher frame section 3.
[0099] Each formwork panel 2 comprises a framework 21, on which a formwork skin 22 is arranged on the side pointing to the rear left in the representation. The framework 21 is constructed here from steel pipes with a rectangular cross-section. The framework is surrounded by a rectangular edge that runs around the framework 21. A plurality of cross struts 212, which are oriented horizontally in the representation, are provided within this rectangular edge. Perpendicular thereto, in the embodiment depicted a total of two vertically oriented longitudinal struts 211 are arranged in the framework 21. The cross struts 212 and the longitudinal struts 211 cross each other and are connected to one another at each crossing point. This results in a stable, grid-shaped framework 21 on which the formwork skin 22 rests at least in regions. The connection between the formwork skin 22 and the framework 21 is preferably designed such that it can be easily separated, which enables a simple replacement of the formwork skin 22. The cross struts 212 and the longitudinal struts 211 are oriented substantially perpendicular to one another. Of course, different struts can also be arranged at a different angle to one another. In the embodiment depicted, all cross struts 212 have at least one undercut 213. In the embodiment depicted, each cross strut 212 has two undercuts 213, which are arranged on opposite sides of the cross struts 212, namely on the sides which point upward and downward in the representation. Details of a cross strut 212 and the undercuts 213 are depicted in FIG. 3. The undercuts 213 run along the cross struts 212 in the corresponding longitudinal direction. In the embodiment depicted, the undercuts 213 extend along the entire length of the cross struts 212. It is also possible to arrange at least one identical or similarly designed undercut 213 along the longitudinal struts 211 at least in regions.
[0100] The frame section 3 extends in three spatial directions, is three-dimensional in its construction, and, in the embodiment depicted, has three tread planes which are arranged parallel and one above the other. Due to these three tread planes, the entire rear side of the formwork panel 2 can be conveniently reached by persons located on the frame section 3. The frame section 3 comprises a plurality of vertical posts 51 oriented vertically in the representation and a plurality of horizontal bars 52 oriented horizontally in the representation. The vertical posts 51 and the horizontal bars 52 are connected to one another via interfaces. These interfaces are designed here as connecting disks or rosettes which are fixedly arranged on the vertical posts 51. The horizontal bars 52 have connection regions which can be introduced in a form-fitting manner into the connecting disks or rosettes. In this way, the frame section 3 is of modular design and can thus have different shapes and sizes, wherein these different shapes and sizes can be formed by standardized vertical posts 51 and horizontal bars 52. In addition, in each of the three tread planes the frame section 3 depicted has tread coverings, which are here each connected to a plurality of horizontal bars 52. The frame section 3 can additionally comprise further frame elements, such as railings or ladders.
[0101] In the system 100 depicted, the formwork panel 2 and the frame section 3 are connected to each other via a total of four connection components 1. Each of these connection components 1 comprises a support element 13, which is rod-shaped here. The support element 13 has a longitudinal axis which extends in a direction in which the support element 13 has its longest dimension. In the embodiment depicted, the longitudinal axis of the support elements 13 is oriented vertically and runs parallel to the vertical posts 51 of the frame section 3. In the embodiment depicted, the support element 13 is formed by a metal tube having a square cross-section. Of course, it is also possible to design the support element 13 differently, for example as a tube with a round cross-section or also as an aluminum profile or plastics material profile. In the embodiment depicted, each connection component 1 has two formwork interfaces 12 and two frame interfaces 11. Each formwork interface 12 is provided for connecting the connection component 1 to the formwork panel 2 and each frame interface 11 is provided for connecting the connection component 1 to the frame section 3 and is connected to these components in the depicted state. Details relating to the formwork interface 12 and the frame interface 11 are depicted enlarged in FIG. 2. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 1, the longitudinal axis of the support element 13 of the connection component 1 is oriented substantially parallel to the surface of the formwork skin 22 and also substantially parallel to the framework 21 of the formwork panel 2. Two formwork interfaces 12 are arranged on the support element 13 in a direction pointing toward the formwork panel 2. On the opposite side of the formwork interface in 12, two frame interfaces 11 are arranged on the support element. Both the formwork interfaces 11 and the frame interfaces 12 are arranged at a distance from one another in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support element 13. In the depicted embodiment, in each connection component 1 there are thus two connection points, at a distance from one another, of the connection component 1 with the formwork panel 2 and two connection points, at a distance from one another, of the connection component 1 with the frame section 3. In addition, the four connection components 1 are arranged at a distance from one another. Two connection components 1 each are positioned vertically above one another with their longitudinal axes in alignment with one another. In the horizontal direction in the representation, two connection components 1 are oriented parallel to one another with the longitudinal axes of their support elements 13. As a result of this arrangement, there exist a total of eight connection points between the formwork panel 2 and the connection components 1, and between the frame section 3 and the connection components 1. In this way, the formwork panel 2 and the frame section 3 are connected to one another in a stable and load-bearing manner. This stable connection makes it possible, for example, to transport the system 100 together suspended from a crane. The connection is so stable that it is sufficient to attach a crane hook either to the formwork panel 2 or to the frame section 3, wherein during the lifting the connection points between the frame section 3 and the formwork panel 2 are sufficiently stable to support the other component.
[0102] The cross struts 212 of the framework 21 are for the most part arranged at a constant distance from one another. The distance between two formwork interfaces 12 is significantly greater than the distance between two adjacent cross struts 212. The distance between the two formwork interfaces 12, which are arranged on a common support element 13, corresponds to an integer multiple of the distance between two adjacent cross struts 212. As a result, the grids of the framework 21 and of the connection component 1 are compatible with one another. This means that the positions of two cross struts 212 and the two formwork interfaces 12 match one another, enabling a form-fitting connection to one another. It is possible here for the connection component 1 to be attached at different positions relative to the framework 21. The connection component 1 can thus be displaced relative to the formwork panel 2 in the grid of the spacings of the cross struts 212. This means that it is always possible to connect a connection component 1 to one or more formwork panels 2. In the embodiment depicted, two formwork panels 2 are arranged vertically one above the other and connected to one another. At this connection point, which is located approximately in the center of the system 100 in the vertical direction in the representation, attaching a formwork interface 12 is often not possible. Due to the fact that the distance between two formwork interfaces 12 on a connection element 1 is designed to be an integer multiple of the distance between two cross struts 212, the connection component 1 can also be arranged such that one of the two formwork interfaces 12 is fastened to a formwork panel 2 and the second of the two formwork interfaces 12 is fastened to an adjacent formwork panel 2, wherein the connection component 1 easily overlaps the boundary region between the two formwork panels 2. As a result, the system 100 can be flexibly assembled with different positions of the components relative to one another and can thereby always be adapted to individual cases of application. In the embodiment depicted, each connection component 1 is connected to only one formwork panel 2. However, it would also be possible, for example, to arrange a further, fifth connection component 1 in such a way that it is connected, between the already-positioned connection components 1, to the upper formwork panel 2 with a first formwork interface 12 and to the lower formwork panel 2 with its second formwork interface 12. The position of the connection component 1 relative to the formwork panel 2 can also be flexibly selected in a direction parallel to the cross struts 212. Details of this are depicted and described in FIG. 2.
[0103] FIG. 2 shows a perspective representation of a first embodiment of a system 100 according to the invention. FIG. 2 shows a detail view of the system 100 from FIG. 1, showing the region II from FIG. 1. The connection component 1 includes the support element 13, which is oriented vertically here. FIG. 2 shows a formwork interface 12 which is connected to a cross strut 212 In a form-fitting and frictionally engaged manner. The formwork interface 12 here includes a clamping element 121 with two gripping arms 1211. The upper of the gripping arms 1211 is fixedly connected to the support element 13. The lower gripping arm 1211 is designed to be movable relative to the upper gripping arm 1211, and the distance between the two gripping arms 1211 is designed to be adjustable. The clamping element 121 furthermore comprises an unlocking mechanism 1220 which moves the lower gripping arm 1211 relative to the upper gripping arm 1211. The unlocking mechanism 1220 here has, as actuating element, a lever pointing to the front left in the representation. When this lever is actuated, the distance between the two gripping arms 1211 is changed. The lever can be actuated by a simple linear movement. The clamping element 121 is connected to a cross strut 212, wherein the gripping arms 1211 engage in some regions in an undercut 213 on the framework 21. In the embodiment depicted, an undercut 213 that has a rectangular cross-section runs along each cross strut 212 on the upward-facing side. A sectional view through a cross strut 212 is depicted in FIG. 3. An undercut 213 which lies opposite the undercut 213 on the upper side is likewise arranged on the downward-facing side of the cross struts 212. In the embodiment depicted, both gripping arms 1211 engage in one each of these two undercuts 213 in some regions. Since the undercuts 213 extend along the longitudinal axis of the cross struts 212, the clamping element 121 can be positioned along the longitudinal direction of the cross struts 212 at any desired position and can be clamped to the cross struts 212 by means of the unlocking mechanism 1220. The relative position of the connection component 1 relative to the cross strut 212 is thus continuously adjustable. In this way, it is ensured that in a direction running horizontally in the representation, a connection between the frame section 3 and the formwork panel 2 by the connection component 1 is always possible. Possible differences in the grid in the horizontal direction between formwork panel 1 and frame section 3 thus do not hinder the connection of the two components. As can be seen clearly in FIG. 2, the clamping element is displaceable over the entire width of the cross struts 212 at least between two adjacent longitudinal struts 211. The relative position between frame section 3 and framework panel 2 can therefore be individually adapted to the requirements at the construction site. Furthermore, the operation of the clamping element 121 by the unlocking mechanism 1220 is very simple and can be carried out with little time expenditure.
[0104] In the detail view in FIG. 2, a frame interface 11 can be seen. This frame interface 11 is designed to be complementary in shape, at least in regions, to an interface on the vertical post 51 of the frame section 3 depicted on the left. Complementary in shape means here that a partial region of the frame interfaces 11 fits geometrically in a partial region of an interface on the vertical post 51. In the embodiment depicted, the frame interface 11 is designed to be identical to an interface which is arranged on the adjacent horizontal bar 52 of the frame section 3. Due to this equality of the interfaces, the frame interface 51 of the connection component 1 can be connected to the same interfaces on the vertical post 51 as the horizontal bars 52. There are thus very many different connection positions at which the connection component 1 and the frame section 3 can be connected to one another. This in turn provides a very flexible connection between formwork panel 2 and frame section 3. In the embodiment depicted, connecting disks or rosettes are arranged on the vertical post 51 as interfaces for connection to other frame elements. It can be clearly seen on the vertical post 51 depicted on the left that the frame interface 11 is connected to such a connecting disk on the side facing left. Opposite this connection, the same connecting disk is connected to a horizontal bar 52. It can be clearly seen that, at least in regions, the connection interface 11 and the interface with which the horizontal bar 52 is connected to the vertical post 51 are designed identically. In the embodiment depicted, the connection component 1 comprises a compensating element 14 which is arranged between the support element 13 and the frame interface 11. This compensating element 14 allows tolerance compensation or other position compensation in the vertical direction between the connection component 1 and the frame section 3. For this purpose, the compensating element 14 has a linear bearing which here comprises a round bolt running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the support element 13. A tubular element is inserted with a clearance fit over this round bolt so that this element can be moved relative to the round bolt in a direction that runs vertically in the representation. The frame interface 11 pointing away from the compensating element 14 can thus be displaced in the vertical direction along the length of the round bolt. This displaceability can also be used to connect the frame interface 11 to an interface on the frame section 3. Furthermore, this compensating element can compensate for height differences in the underlying surface which may exist between the underlying surface under the formwork panel 2 and the underlying surface below the frame section 3. Such a compensating element 14 does not necessarily have to be provided, but is helpful in further improving the connectability between formwork panel 2 and frame section 3.
[0105] FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through a cross strut 212 of a formwork panel 2 which belongs to an embodiment of the system according to the invention. FIG. 3 shows the cross struts 212, which are connected to the formwork interface 12 of the connection component 1 in FIG. 2. The cross strut 212 is depicted sectioned in a plane perpendicular to its longitudinal direction. In the representation to the left of the cross strut 212, the formwork skin 22, which is connected to the framework 21, can be seen, also in section. The formwork skin 22 rests flat here on the side of the cross struts 212 facing left. In the background, a longitudinal strut 211 can be seen in regions and is connected to the cut cross strut 212. In the illustration, the two gripping arms 1211 of the clamping element 121 can also be seen, which are connected to the cross strut 212 in a frictionally engaged and form-fitting manner. The cross strut 212 is formed by a profile tube which has the shape of a bone. An undercut 213, which is designed here as a groove, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the cross strut 212, that is to say in the representation into the plane of the drawing, can be seen on the side of the cross strut 212 pointing upward in the representation. The grooves which form the two undercuts 213 here have an identical, rectangular cross-section. The two undercuts 213 are arranged symmetrically and opposite one another on the cross strut 212. The regions of the gripping arms 1211, which are shown in FIG. 3, are designed identically. The two gripping arms 1211 have a projection 1211a on their tip facing the left in the representation, which projection here forms a region which in each case engages in one of the undercuts 213. In the embodiment shown, the lower of the two gripping arms 1211 is designed to be movable in a direction parallel to the formwork skin 22, whereby the distance between the two gripping arms 1211 is designed to be adjustable. To produce a connection between the formwork interface 12 and the formwork panel 2, the lower gripping arm is moved vertically downward in the direction symbolized by an arrow in the representation, so that the distance between the two projections 1211a is greater than the width of the cross struts 212 in the vertical direction. Subsequently, the two gripping arms 1211 are pushed partially over the cross struts 212, until the projections 1211a are located adjacent to the two undercuts 213. Subsequently, the lower gripping arm 1211 is moved toward the upper gripping arm 1211 and the distance between the two gripping arms 1211 is reduced. In this case, the two projections 1211a each engage in an undercut 213, whereby a form fit is created. In this state, in which the two projections 1211a already form a form fit with the undercuts 213, the clamping element 121 can be displaced parallel to the running direction of the undercuts 213 along the cross struts 212, as long as the desired relative position between the clamping element 121 and cross strut 212 is reached. Subsequently, the lower gripping arm 1211 is moved toward the upper gripping arm 1211 until the two gripping arms 1211 clamp the cross struts 212. In this state, a force flow is then also present between clamping element 121 and cross struts 212. The described adjustability of the relative position of the clamping element 121 along the undercut 213 is particularly advantageous for a flexible connection between the connection component 1 and the formwork panel 2. Such a connection can also be carried out between a clamping element 121 and a longitudinal strut 211. In the background, an undercut 213 is likewise arranged on the illustrated longitudinal strut 211 and is aligned with the undercuts 213 of the cross strut 212.
[0106] FIG. 4 shows a perspective representation of a second embodiment of a system 100 according to the invention. In this second embodiment, the system 100 also comprises a formwork panel 2, a frame section 3, and at least one connection component 1. The distance between the formwork panel 2 and the frame section 3 is significantly greater here than in the embodiment depicted in FIG. 1. The embodiment depicted in FIG. 4 is designed so that a wall element to be produced can be produced between the formwork skin 22 facing the frame section 3 and the frame section 3. A reinforcement B, which here is already fastened to the formwork panel 2, is depicted between the formwork skin 22 and the frame section 3. The reinforcement B is here formed by a plurality of iron meshes. In the embodiment depicted, the connection component 1 comprises a support element 13 whose length is adjustable. The support element 13 is telescopic, which means that a partial region of the support element 13 can be pushed into a different partial region of the support element 13 and pulled out of it in order to adjust the overall length. As a result, the support element 13 can be used to adjust the distance between the frame section 3 and the formwork panel 2 to the wall element to be produced. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 4, the longitudinal direction of the support element 13 runs substantially horizontally, whereas the longitudinal direction of the support element 13 runs substantially vertically in FIG. 1. The formwork interface 12 of the connection component 1 is here connected to the edge of the formwork panel 2 pointing upward in the representation. The formwork interface 12 surrounds this edge. In the embodiment depicted, the formwork interface 12 also comprises a clamping element 121 with two gripping arms 1211. Details of the clamping element 121 are not depicted in FIG. 4 for the sake of clarity. In the embodiment depicted, at least one of the gripping arms 1211 is movable substantially perpendicular to the surface of the formwork skin 22. A positive and frictional connection can thereby also be produced between the clamping element 121 and the formwork panel 2 in the embodiment depicted. The connection component 1 also comprises a frame interface 11, which here is connected to a horizontal bar 52 of the frame section 3. This connection can take place for example via a clip or clamp connection. The arrangement of the connection component 1 in the second embodiment depicted makes it possible to arrange a further formwork panel 2 between the frame section 3 and the formwork panel 2 without this arrangement being impeded by the connection component 1.
[0107] FIG. 5 shows a perspective detail view of an embodiment of a formwork interface 12 of a connection component 1. The connection component 1 in the embodiment depicted in FIG. 5 does not comprise a support element 13. In the embodiment shown, the clamping element 121 of the formwork interface 12 comprises an intermediate post 122 which is formed by a tube portion with a round cross-section. The size and shape of the cross-section of the tube portion of the intermediate post 122 corresponds here to the shape and the size of a vertical post 51 of the frame section 3. The two gripping arms 1211 and the unlocking mechanism 1220 are arranged on the intermediate post 122 and are connected to a cross strut 212 of the formwork panel 2. A frame interface 11 is arranged on the intermediate post 122. The relative position of the frame interface 11 and the intermediate post 122 is adjustable here, wherein at least three possible positions of the frame interface 11 are provided at the intermediate post 122. These three positions can be set by displacing the frame interface 11 on the intermediate post 122 along the longitudinal direction thereof. In the embodiment shown, both the frame interfaces 11 and the intermediate post 122 have bores into which a plug element for plugging the position of the components relative to one another can be introduced. Thus, in the embodiment shown, the position of the frame interface 11 relative to the clamping element 121 is designed to be adjustable. As a result, the connection component 1 can be adapted to different applications in a simple manner. The frame interface 11 is designed here in terms of shape and size identically to an interface which is also inserted within the frame section 3, in particular on a vertical post 51. Elements of the frame section 3, such as a horizontal bar 52 depicted in FIG. 5, can thus be connected in the same way to the frame interface 11, such as a connection of different frame elements within the frame section 3. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 5, the clamping element 121 also comprises an unlocking mechanism 1220 by means of which the connection between the gripping arms 1211 and the cross strut 212 can be produced and released again simply and quickly.
[0108] FIG. 6 shows a perspective detailed view of a further embodiment of a formwork interface 12 of a connection component 1. In this embodiment, one of the gripping arms 1211 is formed by a pin element 1212 which is introduced into a recess in a cross strut 212 of the formwork panel 2. In FIG. 6, this pin element 1212 is covered and thus not depicted. A corresponding recess, which is suitable for receiving the pin element 1212, is shown on the right-hand side adjacent to the clamping element. Here, the recess forms an undercut 213. In the embodiment shown, the second gripping arm 1211 is formed by a tensioning element 1213. This tensioning element 1213 grips around the cross strut 212 in regions and rests against it. The clamping element 121 further comprises a tensioning mechanism, which here contains a threaded spindle and a handwheel. The relative position between the pin element 1212 and the tensioning element 1213 can be changed by this tensioning mechanism. When the clamping element 121 is attached to the cross strut 212, the pin element 1212 is inserted into the recess and then the clamping mechanism is actuated. As a result, the pin element 1212 and the tensioning mechanism 1213 are moved toward one another and a form-fitting and frictional engagement arises between the clamping element 121 and the cross strut 212. A support element 13 is arranged on the clamping element 121 and the frame interfaces 12. This support element 13 connects the formwork interface 12 to a frame interface 11. The frame interface 11 is designed here as a connection clip 1214 which is connected to a vertical post 51 of the frame section 3. The connection clamp 1214 grips around the vertical post 51 and is fastened to the vertical post with frictional engagement with the aid of a screw connection. The advantage of this embodiment is that the frame interface 11 designed as a connection clip 1214 can be continuously displaced along the vertical post 51 and then positioned with frictional engagement. The relative position of the connection component 1 relative to the frame section 3 can thereby be set very flexibly. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of frame interfaces 11 on the support element 13 if necessary.
[0109] FIG. 7 shows a perspective detailed view of a further embodiment of a formwork interface 12 of a connection component 1. In this embodiment of a connection component 1, the relative position of the formwork interface 12 relative to the frame interface 11 is designed to be adjustable. For this purpose, the formwork interface 12 is designed as a compensating rail 1215. This compensating rail 1215 comprises a first partial region which forms a gripping arm 1211 which is introduced into the undercut 213 in the cross strut 212. This first partial region is hereby formed by two flat irons arranged at an angle to one another, which are connected by a vertically oriented bolt in the representation. This bolt is introduced into a cylindrical recess in the cross strut 212 which forms an undercut 213. The second gripping arm 1211 is not visible in the representation and is formed by a securing pin which is introduced into the vertically oriented bolt on the side which is located below the cross strut 212 in the representation. The compensating rail 1215 further comprises a second partial region which faces right, toward the front in the representation. This second partial region is formed by a rail with a constant cross-section, which in this case has a rectangular cross-section. In this embodiment, the frame interfaces 11 are formed by a clamping clip 1216 which is adjustably connected to the compensating rail 1215. For this purpose, the clamping clip 1216 has a connection region which is designed to be dimensionally complementary in regions to the rail with a constant cross-section of the compensating rail 1215. The connection region grips around the rail with a constant cross-section and is displaceable along the longitudinal axis of the rail with a constant cross-section. The clamping clip 1216 furthermore comprises a bar element which can be introduced into the connection region and which clamps the clamping clip 1216 on the rail with a constant cross-section in the shown state. In this state, the bar element and the connection region completely enclose the rail with a constant cross-section. When the frame interface 11 and formwork interface 12 are connected, the connection region is first displaced relative to the compensating rail 1215, until the desired position of formwork interface 12 and frame interfaces 11 is reached. The bar element is then introduced and this relative position is fixed. The clamping clip 1216 further comprises a connection clip 1214 which is fixedly connected to the connection region. As in the embodiment depicted in FIG. 6, the connection clip 1214 is connected in a frictionally engaged manner to a vertical post 51 of the frame section 3. The shown embodiment of a connection component 1 is particularly advantageous since, on the one hand, the relative position between the formwork interface 12 and the frame interface 11 is designed to be adjustable and, on the other hand, the connection clip 1214 of the frame interface 11 can be adjusted continuously in its position relative to a vertical post 51. This embodiment of a connection component 1 thus enables an adaptation of the position between the formwork panel 2 and the frame section 3 in two spatial directions oriented perpendicular to one another.
[0110] The embodiments of a connection component 1 depicted in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 can all be used in a system 100. It is also possible to use a plurality of embodiments of a connection component 1 with one another and combined with one another in a system 100. Furthermore, it is possible in a system 100 alternatively and/or additionally to use one or more connection components 1 according to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The embodiments depicted in FIGS. 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7 can thus be used combined in any way with one another in a system 100 according to the invention, whereby a very high flexibility with respect to the type and the position of the connection between a formwork panel 2 and a frame section 3 is made possible.
[0111] FIG. 8 shows a perspective representation of a first state when carrying out a method according to the invention. In FIGS. 8 to 10, different states are depicted in the carrying out of a method according to the invention, which occur chronologically one after the other in the method. FIG. 8 shows a state in which an adjustable formwork has already been set up in accordance with method step A). This adjustable formwork is here made up of a total of twelve formwork panels 12 which are connected to one another. The adjustable formwork is held in its vertically oriented position by a support M. A further support M is arranged on the side pointing to the rear, but is concealed by the formwork panels 2. The adjustable formwork forms one half or side of a formwork which is required for the erection of a wall element. Starting from the state depicted in FIG. 8, a reinforcement B is next attached to the adjustable formwork, which reinforcement B is fastened to the adjustable formwork. This attachment of the reinforcement can be carried out from a frame section (not depicted) or with the aid of one or more working platforms.
[0112] FIG. 9 shows a perspective representation of a second state when a method according to the invention is carried out. In the state depicted, a reinforcement B has already been fastened to the adjustable formwork. Furthermore, according to method step C), a system 100 was set up as a closing formwork opposite the adjustable formwork and to the reinforcement B. The formwork panel 2 of the system 100 points with its formwork skin 22 toward the reinforcement B and the adjustable formwork, wherein the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork together delimit the spatial region in which the wall element is to be produced. The frame section 3 is located on the side of the formwork panel 2 of the system 100 facing away from the adjustable formwork. In this way, the formwork panel 2 of the system 100 can be easily reached from the frame section 3 by personnel on the frame section 3. The system here comprises a plurality of formwork panels 2 which are oriented parallel to one another and are connected to one another. Starting from the state depicted in FIG. 9, according to method step D), the formwork can now be prepared for the filling of a liquid concrete material. For this purpose, for example anchors are introduced between the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork which, when the wall element is poured, absorb pressure forces which act on the formworks. Personnel can easily attach these anchors from the frame section 3. Furthermore, it is possible to carry out further work for preparing the formwork from the frame section 3. After the preparation of the formwork, liquid material is then filled into the formwork according to method step E). This filling can also take place from the frame section 3. After the curing of the material according to method step F), the formwork can then be prepared for stripping. This preparation can again be performed from the frame section 3. In this preparation for the stripping, for example the previously introduced anchors between the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork are removed again.
[0113] FIG. 10 shows a perspective representation of a third state when carrying out a method according to the invention. In the state depicted in FIG. 10, the formwork panel 2 has already been separated from the frame section 3 of the system 100 according to method step G). Furthermore, the formwork panel 2 was separated from the now cured and self-supporting wall element W. For separating the formwork panel 2 from the frame section 3, the frame interfaces 11 of the connection components 1 have been detached from the frame section 3. It can be seen that the connection components 1 are still connected to the formwork panel 2 via the formwork interfaces 12 and are removed together with it. Alternatively, it is also possible to separate the connection between the formwork interfaces 12 under formwork panel 2, wherein the connection components 1 then remain connected to the frame section 3. Alternatively, the connections of the formwork interfaces 12 and the frame interfaces 11 can also be detached, and the connection components 1 can be separated both from the frame section 3 and from the formwork panel 2. The formwork panel 2 of the system 100 is removed here in the vertical direction, parallel to the produced wall element W and to the frame section 3. The formwork panel 2 can, for example, be removed using a crane which lifts the formwork panel 2 out upwardly. During and after removal of the formwork panel according to method step H), the frame section 3 remains in an unchanged position parallel to the produced wall element W. Before or after the formwork panel 2 of the system 100 is removed, the adjustable formwork is also removed from the produced wall element W. In the state depicted, the formwork with the support M folded out has been separated from the wall element W and moved to the rear left. The adjustable formwork can also be removed from the wall element using a crane. After the removal of the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork, further work can be carried out on the produced wall element W from the frame section 3, without work having to be carried out beforehand to set up a further frame or a further working platform. The frame section 3 is already positioned such that work, such as the filling of holes previously left by the anchors, can be performed from the frame section 3. The later or final processing of the produced wall element W can thus be started immediately after removal of the formwork panel 2, whereby the method for producing the wall element is simplified compared to the prior art and can be carried out with less time expenditure.
[0114] FIG. 11 shows a perspective representation of a first state when carrying out an alternative method according to the invention. FIGS. 11 to 13 show various states occurring in temporal succession during the carrying out of an alternative method for producing a wall element. The alternative method differs from the method described above in that the distance between the formwork panel 2 and the frame section 3 of the system 100 is greater and the wall element is produced between the formwork panel 2 of the system 100 and the frame section 3. FIG. 11 shows a state in which the system 100 has already been constructed in accordance with process step I) and forms an adjustable formwork. A total of three connection components 1 connect the formwork panel 2 to the frame section 3. The formwork skin 22 faces the frame section 3 here. The wall element is to be produced later in the spatial region between the formwork panel 2, in particular the formwork skin 22, and the frame section 3. In the state depicted in FIG. 11, a reinforcement B was also already attached to the formwork panel 2 according to method step II). This fastening of the reinforcement B was carried out by personnel located on the frame section 3. The advantage of this embodiment is that the frame section 3 supports and positions the formwork panel 2 of the adjustable formwork so that no support M, as in FIGS. 8 to 10, is required. At the same time, the frame section 3 can already be used for attaching the reinforcement B to the adjustable formwork.
[0115] FIG. 12 shows a perspective representation of a second state in the carrying out of an alternative method according to the invention. In the state depicted in FIG. 12, a further formwork panel 2 was set up as a closing formwork between the already set-up formwork panel 2 of the system 100 and the frame section 3. This additional formwork panel 2 was swung in from above with the aid of a crane between the already set-up formwork panel 2 and the frame section 3 and connected to the frame section 3. The adjustable formwork and the closing formwork together delimit the spatial region in which the wall element is to be produced and in which the reinforcement B has already been introduced. In the state depicted in FIG. 12, personnel located on the frame section 3 can now prepare the formwork for the filling of a liquid concrete material according to method step IV). This preparation can comprise, for example, the introduction of anchors between the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork. After the formwork is prepared, liquid material is then filled into the formwork according to method step V), and the material filled in is cured according to method step VI) until the wall element W is self-supporting. The filling of the material into the formwork and a monitoring of the curing of the material can also be carried out from the frame section 3.
[0116] FIG. 13 shows a perspective representation of a third state in the carrying out of an alternative method according to the invention. FIG. 13 shows a state that occurs during the carrying out of method step VII), in which the formwork panel 2 is separated from the frame section 3. For this purpose the connection components 1 have already been disassembled, wherein here both the formwork interface 12 and the frame interface 11 have been separated from the formwork skin 2 or the frame section 3. In the state shown in FIG. 13, the formwork panel 2, which forms the closing formwork, is being removed vertically upward, for example using a crane. The formwork panel 2, which forms the adjustable formwork, is here symbolically displaced toward the rear, away from the wall element W. The positioning formwork can likewise be removed by means of a crane, upwardly in the vertical direction. After the removal of the adjustable formwork and the closing formwork, the frame section 3 remains in an unchanged position parallel to the produced wall element W. As a result, according to method step IX) a later processing or final processing of the produced wall element W can take place from this frame section 3. In this alternative method, the frame section 3 is thus also used for a plurality of different tasks carried out in succession during the production of the wall element W. The method for producing the wall element W is thereby simplified and can be carried out with less time expenditure.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS
[0117] 1 Connecting component [0118] 11 Frame interface [0119] 12 Formwork interface [0120] 121 Clamping element [0121] 1211 Gripping arm [0122] 1211a Projection [0123] 1212 Pin element [0124] 1213 Tensioning element [0125] 1214 Connection clip [0126] 1215 Compensating rail [0127] 1216 Clamping clip [0128] 1220 Unlocking mechanism [0129] 13 Support element [0130] 14 Compensating element [0131] 2 Formwork panel [0132] 21 Framework [0133] 211 Longitudinal strut [0134] 212 Cross strut [0135] 213 Undercut [0136] 3 Frame section [0137] 51 Vertical post [0138] 52 Horizontal bar [0139] 100 System [0140] B Reinforcement [0141] M Support [0142] W Wall element
