DEVICE FOR THE INTERNAL BENDING OF PIPES FOR PIPELINES

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the internal bending of pipes (100), in particular of coated pipes, for pipelines with a base body (11) which can be positioned in the pipe and which has on at least one side (12), preferably the underside, at least one support surface (13) with an inner wall (101) of a pipe (100) to be bent, wherein the base body (11) has a support surface (13) opposite, preferably the upper side, on which at least one tool for introducing a bending force into the pipe (100) is movably provided, wherein the tool is movable relative to the base body (11) via at least one actuator (18, 20) for introducing the bending force. The invention provides that the tool is provided as a tool element (21) which has at least two bending force introduction sections (28, 29) for introducing the bending force into the pipe (100), which are each movable relative to the base body (11) by at least one actuator (18, 20).

Claims

1. Device for the internal bending of pipes (100), in particular coated pipes, for pipelines, having a base body (11) which can be positioned in the pipe and which has on at least one side (12), preferably the underside, at least one support surface (13) with an inner wall (101) of a pipe (100) to be bent, the base body (11) having a side opposite the support surface (13), preferably the upper side, on which at least one tool for introducing a bending force into the pipe (100) is movably provided, the tool being movable relative to the base body (11) via at least one actuator (18, 20) for introducing the bending force, characterized in that the tool is provided as a tool element (21) which has at least two bending force introduction sections (28, 29) for introducing the bending force into the pipe (100), which can be moved relative to the base body (11) by at least one actuator (18, 20) in each case.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least two bending force introduction sections (28, 29) are provided in the outer region of the tool element (21).

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tool element (21) has a contact section (29) with the inner pipe wall (101), which is provided between two outer bending force introduction sections (28), preferably centrally.

4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the contact section (29) is movable via an actuator (20) or several actuators, in particular in the radial direction.

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bending force introduction and/or contact sections (28, 29) are elastically deformable in themselves and/or expand.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one elastic section (31) is provided between the at least two bending force introduction sections and/or contact sections (28, 29).

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the elastic section (30) is provided by at least one region with a material reduction in the work tightening element (21), preferably in the form of recesses in the work tightening element (21).

8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the at least one region with a material reduction in the work tightening element (21) is at least partially filled with an elastic material.

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the actuators (18, 20) are hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, threaded spindles and/or piezo elements.

10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the actuator (18, 20) moves the tool away from the base body (A), preferably upwards, and in an arc (D) from the base body (11) towards the inner wall (101) of the pipe (100).

11. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the actuators (18) move the outer bending force introduction portions (28) of the tool element (21) upwards (A) and in an arc (D) from the base body (11) towards the inner wall (101) of the pipe (100).

12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the lower contact surface (13) is arcuate.

13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a chassis is provided on the base body (11) for moving in the pipe (100).

14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the chassis has at least two running gear elements, which are preferably located on the end faces and/or in front of and behind the lower contact element and can be retracted, preferably via spring elements.

15. Device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that at least one running gear element is arranged in the region of the lower contact element and is arranged to be retractable into the main body by means of a spring force.

16. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a push rod and/or push chain is provided for pushing and pulling the pickling device into and out of the pipe to be bent/curved, which is attached to a base outside the pipe and can be driven from there via a mechanism.

17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the position of the machine in the pipe can be detected via the push rod/push chain.

18. Device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the push rod/push chain is held torsionally rigid on a base outside the pipe.

19. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that at least one roller is provided in the upper region of the base body and/or tool.

20. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the at least one roller is rigidly connected to the base body.

21. Device according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the at least one roller extends through an opening in the tool element (21).

22. Device according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the distance between the at least one roller and the base body (11) is adjustable.

23. Device according to one of claims 14 to 22, characterized in that at least one chassis element is pretensioned via at least one pretensioning element to such an extent that the base body and the tool are free in the air.

24. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the pretensioning element is a spring element, a pneumatic cylinder or an only partially filled hydraulic cylinder, in which the pretensioning is preferably adjustable.

25. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the tool element is in contact with the inner wall (101) of the pipe (100) to be bent with the at least two bending force introduction sections (28) over substantially the entire surface, preferably over the entire length of one side (27), preferably the upper side, of the tool element (21).

26. Device according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the tool is at least partially slotted in its longitudinal direction in order to allow a slight elastic expansion in the radial direction.

27. Device according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that at least one contact element and/or at least one bending force introduction section is coated with elements made of plastic, brass, aluminum, wood.

28. Device according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the tool element and/or the base body in the unloaded state is smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the pipe, so that the device is movable in the pipe.

29. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the tool element (21) extends beyond the base body at at least one end thereof.

30. Device according to claim 29, characterized in that the tool element (21) covers the chassis.

31. Device according to one of claims 1 to 30, characterized in that the tool element extends at least on one side beyond an end face of the base body, so that there is at least one overhang region.

32. Device according to one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that the base body (11) and/or the tool element (21) are constructed in two parts, preferably in the form of an inner base body (11a) and an outer base body (11b) and/or an inner tool element (21a) and an outer tool element (21b).

33. Device according to claim 32, characterized in that the outer base body (11b) and/or the outer tool element (21b) are provided in the form of a cover element, preferably made of plastic.

34. Device according to one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the tool element (21) is constructed in several parts, the tool element (21) being constructed from at least two bending force introduction section parts (60) and a contact section part (61), which is preferably designed to be elastic, which are connected to one another.

35. Device according to claim 34, characterized in that the contact section part consists of at least two beams (63), in that the beams (63) are connected to the at least two bending force introduction section parts (60), and in that at least two rib elements (64) are arranged on the beams (63).

36. Device according to claim 35, characterized in that the rib elements (64) are formed in an arcuate shape, each of which rests on one side (65) of the beams (63), preferably loosely.

37. Device according to claim 35 or 36, characterized in that the ribs have a positive connection to the bending beam. This prevents severe deformation of the ribs and achieves a better supporting effect in the pipe.

38. Device according to any one of claims 35 to 37, characterized in that the at least two rib elements (64) are spaced apart (66) so that there is a gap,

39. Device according to claim 38, characterized in that at least one elastically deformable element (67) is provided in the intermediate space.

40. Device according to one of claims 34 to 39, characterized in that at least one actuator (20) is provided in the region of the contact section part (61).

41. Device according to claim 40, characterized in that at least one actuator (20) is arranged centrally under each of the at least two beams (63).

Description

[0052] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment in conjunction with a drawing. It shows:

[0053] FIG. 1 a side view of a first embodiment of a bending device according to the invention in a pipe to be bent,

[0054] FIG. 2 a spatial representation of FIG. 1,

[0055] FIG. 3 a sectional view of the longitudinal axis of FIG. 1,

[0056] FIG. 4 a sectional view of a part of the first embodiment of the device according to the invention transverse to the longitudinal axis,

[0057] FIG. 5 a side view of a second embodiment of a bending device with chassis according to the invention,

[0058] FIG. 6 a second side view of FIG. 5,

[0059] FIG. 7 a side view of a third embodiment of a bending device according to the invention with chassis and push rod,

[0060] FIG. 8 a spatial representation of FIG. 7,

[0061] FIG. 9 a spatial representation of a guide of a push rod for FIGS. 7 and 8,

[0062] FIG. 10 a side view of a fourth embodiment of a bending device according to the invention with chassis and projecting bending tool,

[0063] FIG. 11 a spatial partial representation of FIG. 10,

[0064] FIG. 12 a side view of a fifth embodiment of a bending device according to the invention with chassis, projecting bending tool and covers of the contact sections

[0065] FIG. 13 a spatial representation of FIG. 12,

[0066] FIG. 14 a side view of a basic design without covers for the embodiment shown in FIG. 13,

[0067] FIG. 15 a spatial representation of FIG. 14,

[0068] FIG. 16 is a sectional view of the longitudinal axis of FIG. 13,

[0069] FIG. 17 a side view of a sixth embodiment of a bending device according to the invention,

[0070] FIG. 18 a sectional view of a part of the sixth embodiment of the device according to the invention transverse to the longitudinal axis, and

[0071] FIG. 19 a partial view of FIG. 17 in the bent state.

[0072] FIG. 1 shows a first pipe bending device 10 according to the invention with a base body 11. The base body 11 has an underside 12. The underside 12 has a lower contact surface 13 in the middle. The underside 12 is preferably completely curved here. Alternatively, a partially curved design is also possible.

[0073] Also possible but not shown is a pipe bending device 10 tilted by up to 90 degrees for horizontal bending of the pipe 100.

[0074] The curved shape is designed so that the radius is narrower than the final intended radius of a finished bent pipe 100. The bend of the underside 12 is essentially convex. The shape of the contact surface 13 can be designed as a free form in order to achieve optimum roundness of the pipe after bending.

[0075] The base body 11 is preferably designed as a single piece. Alternatively, the base body can be divided in the longitudinal direction, for example to make it easier to manufacture the base body 11.

[0076] Furthermore, the base body 11 has an upper side 14, which is preferably curved with a maximum above the lower contact surface 13. The upper side 14 has a concave shape at the end faces 15 of the pipe bending device 10, as shown in FIG. 2. The base body 11 is preferably designed in such a way that it can absorb the highest possible forces and at the same time offers sufficient space for the necessary attachments and a tool element 21.

[0077] Recesses 16, which are connected to a channel 17, are provided inside the base body 11 on a front side and a rear side of the base body 11. Actuators 18, in this case preferably hydraulic cylinders, are arranged in the recesses 16, which can be extended upwards in the direction of arrow A and retracted in the opposite direction to arrow A.

[0078] In addition, as shown here in FIG. 3, further recesses 19 can be provided in the area of the lower contact surface 13 in the upper side 14 between the recesses 16, in which one or more further actuators 20, preferably a hydraulic cylinder in this case, are arranged. This can also be extended and retracted in the direction of arrow A.

[0079] Connecting lines not shown can be provided in channel 17 between the actuators 18 for the power supply and the control system. If provided, there is also an undisplayed connection to actuator 20 or other actuators. Preferably, these are hydraulic lines and valves as well as cables for sensors or electrically driven actuators and for possible connection of lines of the trolleys.

[0080] A tool element 21 is arranged on the upper side 14. This has a lower side 22, which preferably corresponds to the upper side 14 of the base body 11 in such a way that it can be arranged on the upper side 14 of the base body 11. The underside 22 of the tool element 21 has corresponding recesses 23, which are arranged above the recesses 16. Furthermore, the underside 22 has a recess 24, which is arranged correspondingly above the recess 19 when the tool element 21 is arranged on the base body 11.

[0081] The recesses 23, 24 each have a contact surface 25, 26 against which a contact surface 36 of one of the actuators 18, 20 acts during its movement in the direction of arrow A and on which the actuator 18, 20 exerts a corresponding force in the direction of arrow A.

[0082] Furthermore, the tool element 21 has an upper side 27. Preferably, the upper side 27 is designed in such a way that it essentially corresponds to the inner radius of the pipe 100 to be bent in the contact area with the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100. When unloaded, the radius can be smaller or the same size so that the pipe bending device 10 can be moved in and out of the pipe. When loaded, the radius can widen, for example, if necessary.

[0083] Preferably, the upper side 27 has two outer bending force introduction sections 28 and a central contact section 29.

[0084] The outer bending force introduction sections 28 and the middle contact section 29 are preferably separated from each other by elastic deformation sections 30.

[0085] Furthermore, the tool element 21 preferably consists of a contiguous part or several mechanically connected parts. The tool element 21 is designed to be elastic at least in the center in order to follow the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100 during bending. Several elastic deformation sections 30 can also be provided next to the center of the upper part in order to apply a stronger/different force to the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100. The force and position of the force application from the tool element 21 to the pipe 100 can be adjusted via the elasticity and original shape of the tool element 21.

[0086] The elastic deformation sections 30 preferably have ribs 31 and recesses 32, which extend in the circumferential direction on the upper side 27 of the tool element 21. The recesses 32 have a width B. Preferably, the recesses 32 are of different depths depending on the elasticity of the deformation section 30 to be achieved. In FIG. 3, the recesses 32 become deeper as the distance from the central contact section 29 increases. Here, the depth is preferably selected such that the distance between the deepest point 33 of the recess 32 with the underside 22 of the tool element 21 is constant in relation to the respective recess 32. Alternatively, the distances can be varied depending on the elasticity to be achieved.

[0087] If the actuators 18, 20 are extended in the direction of arrow A, the upper side 27 of the tool element 21 is first moved against the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100 until the bending force introduction sections and the middle contact section 28, 29 and possibly also the upper sides 34 of the ribs 31 are in contact with the inner wall 101.

[0088] The central contact section 29 serves to support the transformation of the pipe 100 in order to prevent deformation of the pipe away from maintaining the circumferential shape of the pipe 100. It has been shown that it is advantageous if the middle contact section 29 is also designed to be elastically deformable.

[0089] Furthermore, it has been found that it is advantageous for improved support that an actuator 20, preferably a hydraulic cylinder, can be provided here, which can exert a force in the direction of arrow A via the central contact section 29 on the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100 during bending. The actuator 20 can be used to control the supporting effect of the central area with particular precision, for example for very thin-walled pipes.

[0090] In an alternative embodiment, the outer bending force introduction sections 28 and the middle contact section 29 can be designed as individual components. Recesses/spacings can be provided between the bending force introduction sections 28 and/or the middle contact section 29. Alternatively, a joint connection can also be provided instead of the elastic sections between the sections 28, 29 in order to enable more precise guidance.

[0091] If actuators 28 are now extended in the direction of arrow A, the outer contact elements 28 exert a force on the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100. As soon as a limit force is exceeded, the outer bending force introduction sections 28 move together with the pipe 100 in the direction of arrow D until the outer sections 35 of the curved underside 12 of the base body 11 come into contact with the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100. The pipe 100 deforms both elastically and plastically. As the outer bending force introduction sections 28 move in the direction of arrow D, the width B between the ribs 31 in the recesses 32 decreases.

[0092] If the actuators 28 are now moved back against the direction of arrow A, the outer bending force introduction sections 28 move against the direction of arrow D. The pipe 100 also moves against the direction of arrow D to reduce the elastic deformation until this is reduced and only the plastic deformation of the pipe 100 remains. Meanwhile, the width B of the recesses 32 between the ribs 31 widens accordingly.

[0093] Once the actuators 18 are fully retracted again, the underside 22 of the tool element 21 preferably rests completely on the upper side 14 of the base body 11. The pipe bending device 10 is then moved to the next bending point in the pipe 100 and the process described above is repeated.

[0094] Springs or similar return elements can be provided to return the movement element 21 to its original position. In addition, elements can be provided for guiding, which hold the movement element 21 in position relative to the base body 11, but at the same time allow the elastic movements of the movement element 21 and the movements in the vertical direction.

[0095] Advantageously, the contact surfaces 25, 26 of the recesses 23, 24 are designed in the shape of cylindrical or spherical sections. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the contact surfaces 36 of the actuators 18, 20 are also designed in the shape of cylindrical sections or spherical sections. It is advantageous if the shape of the contact surfaces 36 is flatter than the shape of the contact surfaces 25, 26. This is shown in FIG. 4. This has the effect that, when the actuator 18, 20 is moved in the direction of arrow A, an outer bending force introduction section 28 and/or a middle contact section 29 is deformed/expanded in the direction of arrow E in order to then adapt to the shape of the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100 in such a way that a cross-sectional deformation of the pipe 100 is counteracted.

[0096] FIG. 5 shows a second pipe bending device 10 according to the invention with an identical structure to the first embodiment according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

[0097] In addition, the second embodiment has a chassis. This comprises a running gear element 41 on each of the end faces 15 and rollers 42 attached to the upper side 14 of the base body 11. These are arranged on a carrier not shown and each extend through an opening 40 in the upper side 27 of the tool element 21.

[0098] The running gear element 41 comprises a base body 43 which is connected to the end face 15. The base body 43 is movably connected to a support element 44 in the direction of arrow F. Rollers 45 are arranged on the supporting element 44, here preferably at an angle relative to the central vertical of the pipe bending device in coordination with the inner diameter of the pipe, the rollers 45 being arranged on the supporting element 44 via supports 46.

[0099] The base body 43 is connected to the support element 44 via pretensioning elements 47, which are preferably spring elements 48, each of which is arranged on a guide 49. The spring elements can also be arranged independently of the guide.

[0100] The rollers 45 rest on the inner pipe wall 101 as the pipe bending device 10 moves. Once the bending point is reached, the tool element 21 is pressed in the direction of arrow A against the inner pipe wall 101 via the actuators 18, 20. The tool element 21 is moved past the rollers 42 as they move through the openings 40. When the upper side 27 with the bending force introduction sections 28 reaches the upper inner wall 101, it is pressed against it. This applies a counterforce to the pretensioning element 47 so that the support elements 44 move relative to the base bodies 43 in the direction of arrow F, whereby the spring elements 48 are preferably compressed here. This moves the underside 12 with the contact surface 13 in the direction of the inner pipe wall 101 until the contact surface 13 is in contact and the pipe bending process can begin as described above. Once the pipe bending is complete, the process is reversed.

[0101] FIGS. 7 to 9 show a third embodiment of a pipe bending device 10 according to the invention with an identical structure to the first and second embodiments according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0102] In addition, a preferably torsionally rigid push rod 50 is provided, which is connected to an attachment element 51, for example on the end face 15 of the pipe bending device 10, for example via a joint 52. The connection is suitable for transmitting pushing and pulling forces, for example in the direction of arrow G, which are generated by means of a drive not shown and transmitted via the push rod 50 in order to move the pipe bending device 10 in the pipe 100 in the direction of arrow G. In this example, the push rod has a square cross-section. FIG. 9 shows a base element 53, here preferably provided with rollers 54 for driving, guiding and stabilizing the push rod 50.

[0103] FIGS. 10 and 11 show a fourth embodiment of a pipe bending device 10 according to the invention with an identical structure to the first and second embodiments according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 6. The features of the third embodiment can be added here, but are not shown.

[0104] In addition, the tool element 21 is longer than the base body 11, so that there is an overhang area 60 that extends over the chassis elements 41. This simply increases the bending area so that the surface pressure in the pipe is reduced and the final desired total bending can be achieved with fewer bending steps.

[0105] FIGS. 12 to 16 show a fifth embodiment of a pipe bending device 10 according to the invention with an identical structure to the first and fourth embodiments according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 10, 11. Only the ribs 31 of the tool element 21 are flat here. The features of the second and third embodiments can be added here, but are not shown.

[0106] The base body 11 and the tool element 21 are constructed in two parts. They each have an inner base body 11a and an outer base body 11b as well as an inner tool element 21a and an outer tool element 21b. The inner base body 11a and inner tool element 21a form the basic structure of the pipe bending device 10 and are preferably made of steel. The basic body 11a has, for example, a flat, non-bent underside 12.

[0107] On an underside 12a of the base body 11a, a lower cover element 61, preferably made of plastic, is provided as the outer base body 11b, which also contains the support surface 13. An upper cover element 62, preferably made of plastic, is provided on the upper side 27a of the inner tool element 21a as the outer tool element 21b, the cover also having the bending force introduction sections 28. The structure and function of the pipe bending device 10 of the fifth embodiment otherwise corresponds to that described above.

[0108] In a further embodiment, the cover elements 61 and 62 can also be designed as a continuous elastic plastic part.

[0109] A sixth embodiment of the device 10 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 17 to 19. The structure of the base body, including the actuators 18, 20, corresponds to the structure shown above.

[0110] The tool element 21 has an upper side 27. Preferably, the upper side 27 is designed in such a way that it essentially corresponds to the inner radius of the pipe 100 to be bent in the contact area with the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100. When unloaded, the radius can be smaller or the same size so that the pipe bending device 10 can be moved in and out of the pipe. When loaded, the radius can widen, for example, if necessary.

[0111] Preferably, the upper side 27 has two outer bending force introduction sections 28 and a central contact section 29. The bending force introduction sections 28 and the middle contact section 29 are designed as individual components 60, 61.

[0112] Preferably, the components 60, 61 are connected to each other via a connecting element 62. This connection is particularly preferred here via a force-fit and/or form-fit connection.

[0113] The contact section element 61 is preferably made up of two parallel beams 63. The beams can be in one piece or consist of several parts. The one-piece design is shown here. Furthermore, several bars can also be arranged on top of each other.

[0114] The beams 63 are preferably connected to the connecting element 62. In particular, this connection is preferably made via a force-fit and/or form-fit connection.

[0115] Rib elements 64, which correspond to the ribs 31, are arranged on the beams 63. These are preferably curved. Furthermore, the rib elements 64 preferably sit loosely on an upper side 65 of the beams 63. The ribs are preferably connected to the beam elements 63 in a radial direction via a positive fit.

[0116] A distance 66 is preferably provided between two rib elements, which correspond to the recesses 32. An elastic element 67 is particularly preferably provided in this spacing 66.

[0117] Furthermore, it has been found that it is advantageous for improved support that an actuator 20, preferably a hydraulic cylinder, can be provided here (see the sectional view part in FIG. 17), which can exert a force A via the central contact section 29 on the inner wall 101 of the pipe 100 during bending. The actuator 20 can optionally be used to regulate the support effect of the central area with particular precision for very thin-walled pipes, for example. At least one actuator 20 is provided below at least one beam 63 for this purpose.

[0118] If a bending force is applied to the tool part 21 via the actuators 18, the beams 63 bend, as shown in FIG. 18. This causes the rib elements 64 to move towards each other and squeeze the elastic elements 67, each of which forms a bead 68 on the outside. The bead 68 presses against the pipe 100 and additionally supports it.