Enzyme composition for DNA end repair, adenylation, phosphorylation

Abstract

Enzyme compositions and their method of use that provide ready-to-use master mixtures. The compositions comprise a modified thermophilic DNA polymerase lacking 5-3 and 3-5 exonuclease activity premixed with T4 DNA polymerase, Klenow fragment and T4 polynucleotide kinase and all other necessary components, including reaction buffer and nucleoside triphosphates, required to perform DNA blunting, phosphorylation, and single nucleotide extension reactions in one tube and in two steps. Among other benefits, the mixture of different enzymes, buffers and nucleoside triphosphates is stable during prolonged storage.

Claims

1. An enzyme composition comprising in a single container a buffer comprising nucleoside triphosphates and a plurality of enzymes separately capable of blunting, phosphorylating and adenylating DNA fragments, with the enzyme capable of adenylating DNA being a chimeric DNA polymerase comprising a thermophilic DNA polymerase fused to a non-specific DNA-binding domain, wherein the thermophilic DNA polymerase lacks 5-3 and 3-5 exonuclease activity, and with the enzymes capable of blunting and phosphorylating DNA fragments being selected from the group consisting of T4 DNA polymerase, T7 DNA polymerase, Klenow fragment, and T4 polynucleotide kinase, and the composition being stable for at least one week at 4 C.

2. The composition of claim 1 where the chimeric DNA polymerase is a Thermus species thermophilic DNA polymerase fused to non-specific DNA-binding domain.

3. The composition of claim 2 where the chimeric DNA polymerase is a Thermus species polymerase fused to non-specific DNA-binding domain from Sulfolobus family.

4. The composition of claim 1 where the nucleoside triphosphates are dATP, dCTP, dTTP, and dGTP, where the concentration of dATP ranges from 0.4 to 3 mM, the concentration of dCTP ranges from 0.2 to 0.6 mM, the concentration of dTTP ranges from 0.2 to 0.6 mM, and the concentration of dGTP ranges from 0.1 to 0.4 mM.

5. The composition of claim 1 where the concentration of dATP is about 2 mM, the concentration of dCTP is about 0.4 mM, the concentration of dTTP is about 0.4 mM, and the concentration of dGTP is about 0.2 mM.

6. The composition of claim 1 where the buffer further comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of Tris-HCl, MgCl.sub.2, DTT, a monovalent metal hydrochloric acid salt selected from NaCl, KCl, and LiCl, ATP, Triton X-100, glycerol, NP 40, EDTA, and Tween 20.

7. The composition of claim 5 where, when present, the concentration of Tris-HCl ranges from 100 mM to 105 mM inclusive at a pH of 8.0 to 8.8; the concentration of MgCl.sub.2 ranges from 15 to 25 mM inclusive, the concentration of DTT ranges from 15 to 30 mM inclusive, the concentration of monovalent metal hydrochloric acid salt ranges from 20 mM to 50 mM inclusive, the concentration of ATP ranges from 1.5 to 2.5 mM inclusive, the concentration of Triton X-100 ranges from 0.1 to 0.4% inclusive, the concentration of glycerol ranges from 10 to 20% inclusive, the concentration of NP 40 ranges from 0.05 to 0.15% inclusive, the concentration of EDTA ranges from 0.02 to 0.1 mM inclusive, and the concentration of Tween 20 ranges from 0.05 to 0.15% inclusive.

8. The composition of claim 1 where the concentration of T4 DNA polymerase ranges from 0.2 to 0.5 U/l inclusive, the concentration of Klenow fragment ranges from 0.1 to 0.2 U/l inclusive, and the concentration of T4 polynucleotide kinase ranges from 0.5 U/l to 1.5 U/l inclusive.

9. The composition of claim 8 where the concentration of T4 DNA polymerase is about 0.32 U/l, the concentration of Klenow fragment is about 0.12 U/l, and the concentration of T4 polynucleotide kinase is about 1 U/l.

10. The composition of claim 1 where the concentration of the thermophilic DNA polymerase ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 U/l inclusive.

11. The composition of claim 1 where the concentration of the thermophilic DNA polymerase is about 0.2 U/l.

12. An enzyme composition comprising in a single container Tris-HCl, MgCl.sub.2, DTT, KCl, dATP, dCTP, dTTP, dGTP, ATP, Triton X-100, glycerol, NP 40, EDTA, Tween 20, T4 polynucleotide kinase, T4 DNA polymerase, Klenow fragment, and chimeric thermophilic DNA polymerase from Thermus brockianus or Thermus sp. fused to DNA-binding domain from Sulfolobus family, the composition contained in a single container and being storage stable.

13. The composition of claim 12 where the concentration of dATP is at least five times the concentration of each of dCTP, dTTP, and dGTP.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows double stranded oligos terminating in G, C, T, and A respectively used in Example 2.

(2) FIG. 2 shows separated duplex oligos of FIG. 1 treated with Klenow fragment exo.sup. in various reaction buffers showing dA-tailing efficiency.

(3) FIG. 3 shows separated duplex oligos of FIG. 1 treated with Taq DNA polymerase in various reaction buffers at various pH showing dA tailing efficiency.

(4) FIG. 4 shows separated duplex oligos of FIG. 1 treated with modified Thermus brockianus DNA polymerase with various substrate concentrations showing dA-tailing efficiency.

(5) FIG. 5 schematically illustrates DNA end repair and 3 terminal extension in one reaction mixture according to one embodiment.

(6) FIG. 6 shows DNA end repair and 3 terminal extension in one reaction mixture using different polymerases.

(7) FIG. 7 shows stability of the described composition according to one embodiment.

(8) In one embodiment, the disclosed composition comprises the following components:

(9) Enzymes:

(10) 1 u/l T4 polynucleotide kinase

(11) 0.32 u/l T4 DNA polymerase

(12) 0.12 u/l Klenow fragment

(13) 0.2 u/l mod-Tbr DNA polymerase

(14) Reaction co-factors and nucleotides:

(15) 20 mM MgCl.sub.2

(16) 2 mM dATP

(17) 0.4 mM dCTP

(18) 0.4 mM dTTP

(19) 0.2 mM dGTP

(20) 2 mM ATP

(21) The composition ionic strength and pH may be formulated using 100 mM-105 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.3 and monovalent metal hydrochloric acid salts, e.g. NaCl, KCl, LiCl, in a concentration range from 20 mM to 50 mM. In one embodiment, the composition contains the following stabilizers and cryoprotectants: 20 mM DTT, 0.2% Triton X-100, 12% (v/v) glycerol, 0.07% NP 40, 0.07% Tween 20, and 0.024 mM EDTA.

(22) One embodiment is a method for DNA end-repair and terminal nucleotide addition in single container, such as Eppendorf type tubes, 96 well plates or any other vessels used for setting up enzymatic reactions. In one embodiment, DNA end-repair comprises generating blunt-ended and phosphorylated DNA fragments. In one embodiment, DNA fragments are mixed with the described composition in a single container, and DNA end-repair and nucleotide tailing of the DNA fragments is performed in the single container. In one embodiment, the terminal nucleotide is adenosine, which is added to the 3 terminal end of the DNA fragment, and referred to as dA tailing. In one embodiment, the contents of the single container are subjected to a first reaction condition to promote the DNA end-repair reaction, and then the contents of the container is subjected to a second reaction condition to promote the dA-tailing reaction and to inactivate the DNA end-repair reaction, where the DNA end-repair reaction comprises blunting and phosphorylating the DNA fragments, and the dA-tailing reaction comprises adenylation of the DNA fragments by adding a single dA to the 3 ends of the end-repaired DNA fragments. In one embodiment, the first reaction condition comprises subjecting the contents of the single container to a temperature ranging from 18 C. to 22 C. inclusive, for a period of time from 5 to 10 minutes inclusive, and the second reaction condition comprises subjecting the container contents to a temperature of 72 C. to 75 C. inclusive for a period of time from 10 to 20 minutes inclusive. In one embodiment, the first reaction condition comprises subjecting the container contents to a temperature of about 20 C. for about five minutes, and the second reaction condition comprises subjecting the container contents to a temperature of about 72 C. for about ten minutes. In one embodiment, the yield of dA-tailed DNA fragments exceeds 75%.

(23) In one embodiment, the method further comprises generating DNA fragments prior to DNA end-repair. DNA fragments may be generated by physical DNA shearing methods such as ultrasound nebulization, and hydrodynamic shearing, or by enzymatic digestion using DNasel or other endonucleases. In one embodiment, the DNA sample comprises genomic DNA. In one embodiment, the method may further comprise generating a DNA library by joining synthetic DNA adapters to either or both ends of the nucleotide tailed DNA fragment. In one embodiment, the method further comprises ligating the end-repaired and dA-tailed DNA fragments to synthetic DNA adapters possessing dT extensions at their 3 ends.

(24) One embodiment is a kit containing the disclosed composition and instructions for performing the disclosed method for one-tube DNA blunting and dA tailing. In one embodiment the disclosed composition comprises 0.5 u/l-1.5 u/l T4 polynucleotide kinase, 0.2 u/l-0.5 u/l T4 DNA polymerase, 0.1 u/l-0.2 Klenow fragment, and 0.1 u/l-0.5 u/l mod-Tbr DNA polymerase; reaction co-factors and nucleotides: 20 mM MgCl.sub.2 0.4 mM-3 mM dATP, 0.2 mM-0.6 mM dCTP, 0.2 mM-0.6 mM dTTP, 0.1 mM-0.4 mM dGTP, 1.5 mM-2.5 mM ATP; ionic strength and pH modifying agents: 100 mM-105 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0-8.8; monovalent metal hydrochloric acid salts, e.g., NaCl, KCl, LiCl ranging from 20 mM to 50 mM; and stabilizers and cryoprotectants: 15 mM-30 mM DTT; 0.1%-0.4% Triton X-100; 10%-20% (v/v) glycerol; 0.05%-0.15% NP 40; 0.05%-0.15% Tween 20; and 0.02 mM-0.1 mM EDTA.

(25) In one embodiment the disclosed composition comprises enzymes: 1 u/l T4 polynucleotide kinase, 0.32 u/l T4 DNA polymerase, 0.12 u/l Klenow fragment, and 0.2 u/l mod-Tbr DNA polymerase; reaction co-factors and nucleotides: 20 mM MgCl.sub.2, 2 mM dATP, 0.4 mM dCTP, 0.4 mM dTTP, 0.2 mM dGTP, 2 mM ATP; ionic strength and pH modifying agents: 100-105 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.3; monovalent metal hydrochloric acid salts e.g. NaCl, KCl, LiCl ranging from 20 mM to 50 mM; and stabilizers and cryoprotectants: 20 mM DTT; 0.2% Triton X-100; 12% (v/v) glycerol; 0.07% NP 40; 0.07% Tween 20; and 0.024 mM EDTA.

(26) The invention will now be described in further detail by way of illustration only with reference to the following examples.

EXAMPLE 1

Demonstration that Different Enzymes Require Different Buffers

(27) It is known in the art that optimal storage and reaction conditions are distinctive to each enzyme. Enzyme storage conditions often differ from recommended reaction conditions as shown in Table 2 showing components of storage and reaction buffers of DNA blunting, phosphorylation and dA-tailing enzymes sold by the following commercial suppliers: Thermo Fisher Scientific, New England Biolabs and Life Technologies.

(28) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Storage buffers (SB) and reaction buffers (RB) of enzymes used for blunting, phosphorylation, and dA-tailing of DNA fragments Thermo Fischer New England Scientific Biolabs Life Technologies SBx1 RBx1 SBx1 RBx1 SBx2 RBx1 T4 DNA Salts 200 mM 6.6 mM MgCl.sub.2 10 mM MgC1.sub.2 50 mM Mg Polymerase KCl 16.8 mM 50 mM NaC1 acetate (NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4 66 mM Na acetate Buffer 20 mM 67 mM Tris- 100 mM 10 mM Tris- 100 mM 33 mM Tris- KPO.sub.4 HCl KPO.sub.4 HCl KPO.sub.4 acetate pH (25 C.) 7.5 8.8 6.5 7.9 6.5 7.9 Detergents Glycerol 50% (v/V) 50% (v/V) 50% (v/v) Additives 2 mM DTT 1 mM DTT 1 mM DTT 2 mM DTT 10 mM 2- 1 mM DTT mercaptoethanol Klenow Salts 5 mM MgC1.sub.2 50 mM NaC1 50 mM NaC1 Fragment 10 mM MgC1.sub.2 10 mM MgC1.sub.2 Buffer 25 mM Tris- 50 mM Tris- 25 mM Tris- 10 mM Tris- 50 mM Tris- HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl pH (25 C.) 7.5 8.0 7.4 pH 7.9 8.0 Detergents Glycerol 50% (v/V) 50% (v/v) Additives 1 mM DTT 1 mM DTT 1 mM DTT 1 mM DTT 0.1 mM 0.1 mM EDTA EDTA T4 DNA Salts 25 mM KCl 10 mM MgCl.sub.2 50 mM CKI 10 mM MgC1.sub.2 25 mM KCl 10 mM MgC1 Polynucleotide 100 mM KCl Kinase Buffer 20 mM Tris- 50 mM Tris- 10 mM Tris- 70 mM Tris- 50 mM Tris- 70 mM Tris- HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl pH (25 C.) 7.5 7.68 7.45 7.6 7.6 7.6 Detergents Glycerol 50% (v/V) 50% (v/V) 50% (v/v) Additives 2 mM DTT 5 mM DTT 1 mM DTT 5 mM DTT 5 mM DTT 1 mM 2- 0.1 mM 0.1 mM 0.1 mM 0.1 pM mercaptoethanol EDTA spermidine EDTA ATP 0.1 pM ATP 0./2 mg/ml BSA Taq Salts 100 mM 50 mM KCl 100 mM 50 mM KCl 50 mM KCl DNA KCl MgC1.sub.2* KCl 1.5 mM MgC1.sub.2 MgC1.sub.2 polymerase, dNTPs* dNTPS* dNTPs* recombinant Buffer 20 mM Tris- 10 mM Tris- 10 mM Tris- 10 mM Tris- 20 mM Tris- 20 mM Tris- HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl HCl pH (25 C.) 8.0 8.8 7.4 8.3 8.0 8.4 Detergents 0.5% 0.08%$ 0.5% Tween 20 Nonidet P4O Tween 20 0.5% 0.5% Nonidet P4) IGEPAL CA-630 Glycerol 50% (v/V) 50% (v/v) 50% (v/v) Additives 1 mM DTT 1 mM DTT 0.1 mM 0.1 mM 0.1 mM EDTA EDTA EDTA 1 mM DTT Stabilizers

(29) To arrive at the inventive composition, all the above indicated enzymes T4 DNA polymerase, Klenow fragment, T4 DNA polynucleotide kinase and modified thermophilic polymerase having end-tailing activity, such as modified Thermus brockianus or Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerases, have to be premixed into a stable blend capable of efficient blunting, phosphorylation, and dA-tailing of a DNA fragment in a single step, and in one container. It is important to note that this is far from trivial, and even those skilled in the art would need to test a large number of storage and reaction conditions to obtain a mixture that would be stable when stored, and efficient when used in the enzymatic reaction, and there would be with no guarantee to determine the optimal storage and reaction conditions. Enzymes in such a mixture may have different optimal requirements, making them incompatible in a single blend. Moreover, in preparation of ready-to-use 1-2 enzyme mixtures, the use of highly concentrated cryoprotectants such as glycerol is often inappropriate due to their negative impact on enzymatic reactions as they affect physical and chemical environment resulting in changed reaction conditions. Also, high concentrations of cryoprotectants may have inhibitory effect on enzyme activity. As a result, only low concentrations of cryoprotectants may be used, which are often insufficient to prevent freezing of enzymes blends. Therefore, there is a very high risk of enzyme activity loss in multiple freezing-thawing cycles. Additives required for one enzyme may be detrimental either for storage and/or for catalytic activity of another enzyme of the component blend. The same is true for salts, as well as their concentration, used for buffering systems, and for pH in the ready-to-use mixture. In general, stability of a ready-to-use mixture is determined by the monovalent salt tolerance and the presence of sufficient ionic strength. The monovalent salt may by any salt in which the metal, e.g., Na, K, or Li, has a net 1.sup.+ charge in solution.

(30) In preparing stable enzyme master mix for DNA fragment end repair/dA tailing, in contrast to the previously disclosed information in this Example, the disclosed ready-to-use composition comprising the enzymes T4 DNA polymerase, Klenow fragment, T4 polynucleotide kinase, and mod-Tbr or mod-Taq DNA polymerases, and all other necessary reaction components previously described, enables efficient one tube blunting, phosphorylation and dA-tailing of DNA fragments, which results in the yield of dATP-extended DNA fragments exceeding 75%. The disclosed composition provides a master mixture that reduces the number of pipetting steps required for preparation of DNA fragments, such as for NGS library preparation, when compared with other commercial NGS sample preparation kits. Reducing pipetting steps simplifies NGS library preparation workflow because it involves less manipulations and hands-on time, minimizes errors, and thus provides more consistent results across sample sets. The disclosed composition mixture modifies DNA fragments in much shorter reaction times, as it blunts and phosphorylates DNA fragments in five minutes at 20 C., and modifies these fragments by adding dATP at their 3 ends in ten minutes at 72 C. Thus, using the disclosed composition mixture, both reactions collectively take only fifteen minutes.

(31) One embodiment of the disclosed composition, referred to as the End Conversion Master Mix, was tested. The End Conversion Master Mix comprised enzymes, buffers and other necessary reaction/storage components in the following 2 concentrations and ratios: 1 u/l T4 polynucleotide kinase; 0.32 u/l T4 DNA polymerase; 0.12 u/l Klenow fragment, and 0.2 u/l mod-Tbr DNA polymerase. Reaction co-factors and nucleotides were: 20 mM MgCl.sub.2, 2 mM dATP; 0.4 mM dCTP; 0.4 mM dTTP; 0.2 mM dGTP; 2 mM ATP. Ionic strength and pH of the End Conversion Master Mix may be formulated using 100 mM-105 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.3 and monovalent metal hydrochloric acid salts, e.g. NaCl, KCl, LiCl, at 20 mM to 50 mM. Stabilizers and cryoprotectants were: 20 mM DTT; 0.2% Triton X-100; 12% (v/v) glycerol; 0.07% NP 40; 0.07% Tween 20; and 0.024 mM EDTA.

(32) Other salts and stabilizers suitable for use in enzyme blends will be apparent to those skilled in the art and may differ for different DNA polymerases used in blunting and/or dA-tailing reactions.

EXAMPLE 2

Effect of Buffers and Polymerase Compositions on Blunting, Tailing, and Phosphorylation

(33) To test DNA fragment 3 end tailing efficiency and analyze the potential bias depending on the 3 terminal nucleotide, a model system of four oligoduplexes differing in both length and 3 terminal nucleotide and labeled with Cy5 at their 5 ends was developed and used (FIG. 1).

(34) The dA-tailing ability of Klenow fragment exo.sup. mutant was examined and shown in FIG. 2, where lane (A) is an optimal Klenow fragment buffer (10 Reaction buffer, EP0421) supplemented with 0.2 mM dATP; lane (B) is commercial buffer G with 1 mM DTT and 0.2 mM dATP; and lane (C) is optimized DNA end repair buffer (Fast DNA End repair kit K0771) dA-tailing reactions were performed at 37 C. using five units of enzyme in 50 l reaction mixture containing 7.5 pmol equimolar mixture of Cy-5 labeled oligoduplexes shown in FIG. 1. The band pairs represent the oligoduplex with and without a single additional dA.

(35) FIG. 2 shows lane A1 Klenow buffer+0.2 mM dATP; lane B1G buffer with 1 mM DTT+0.2 mM dATP; and lane C1 end repair buffer.

(36) Results presented in FIG. 2 suggested that Klenow fragment exo.sup., even after 30 minutes of incubation, in all three tested reaction mixtures was unable to extend oligonucleotides uniformly, extending 3-terminal pyrimidines (C/T) more efficiently compared to those featuring 3-terminal purines (A/G). In addition, dA-tailing by Klenow fragment exo.sup. was least efficient in (C) buffer which was optimal for enzymes performing blunting and phosphorylation of DNA fragments, but was suboptimal for Klenow fragment.

(37) The dA-tailing ability of Taq DNA polymerase was examined and shown in FIG. 3, where lane (A) is an optimized DNA end repair buffer pH 7.5; lane (B) is the same as in A but pH 8.0; and lane (C) the same as in A but pH 8.3 Optimized buffer is 10 End Repair Reaction Mix from Fast DNA End Repair kit K0771. Reactions were performed at 60 C. using 7.5 units enzyme in 50 l reaction mixture containing 7.5 pmol equimolar mixture of Cy-5 labeled oligoduplexes shown in FIG. 1.

(38) FIG. 3A1 end repair buffer, pH 7.5; B1 end repair buffer, pH 8.0; C1 end repair buffer, pH 8.3.

(39) Results presented in FIG. 3 suggested that Taq DNA polymerase preferred extension of 3-terminal pyrimidines at pH 7.5, which is optimal for blunting and phosphorylation reactions. A increased pH from pH 7.5 to pH 8.3 had a positive effect on Taq DNA polymerase dA-tailing efficiency and uniformity. However, even after 20 minutes of incubation, the oligonucleotide with the 3 terminal G was extended less efficiently compared to other substrates used in this experiment.

(40) Optimization of reaction conditions experiments with mod-Tbr DNA polymerase (exo-) revealed that the enzyme preferred increased pH for dA-tailing like Taq polymerase, but showed less preference for DNA fragments possessing 3 terminal C or T (see FIG. 4) To ensure better dA-tailing efficiency, the reaction mixture was enriched with dATP, increasing its concentration to 1 mM. To mimic the situation when various amounts of DNA fragments have to be blunted and dA-tailed, the experiment was conducted with constant amounts (5 units) of mod-Tbr DNA polymerase in the optimized buffer (10 End Repair Reaction Mix from Fast DNA End Repair kit K0771) at pH 8.3 using increased dATP concentration (1 mM) and varying amounts of oligoduplexes shown in FIG. 1.

(41) FIG. 4 shows lane A 1.5 pmol mixture of the double-stranded oligonucleotides; lane B 7.5 pmol mixture of the double-stranded oligonucleotides; lane C 15 pmol mixture of the double-stranded oligonucleotides; lane D 22.5 pmol mixture of the double-stranded oligonucleotides; and lane E 30 pmol mixture of the double-stranded oligonucleotides. Reactions were performed at 60 C. in 50 l of reaction mixture for ten minutes.

(42) Results presented in FIG. 4 show that mod-Tbr DNA polymerase extends efficiently and uniformly all types of DNA ends in a broad range of concentrations of substrates tested, thus outperforming Klenow fragment exo.sup. and Taq DNA polymerase enzymes.

(43) A control DNA fragment was used to test both DNA end repair and the DNA 3 end tailing efficiency in one reaction mixture. The DNA fragment was 265 bp having 3 and 5 terminal protruding ends and lacking phosphates at its 5 ends, and was generated by Psul and Pstl cleavage and subsequent treatment with alkaline phosphatase. This DNA substrate mimics the situation after physical shearing of DNA when individual DNA fragments may contain 3 and/or 5 protruding ends and lack 5 terminal phosphates.

(44) One g of DNA fragment was incubated in 50 l of a reaction mixture with commercial End Repair Enzyme Mix (Thermo Scientific, K0771) and 5 units of a thermophilic DNA polymerase: mod-Tbr DNA polymerase or Taq DNA polymerase. Reaction mixtures were incubated for five minutes at 20 C., allowing the end repair enzymes to blunt and phosphorylate DNA fragment ends, followed by incubation for ten minutes at 72 C., a condition favorable for simultaneous inactivation of mesophylic end repair enzymes and DNA 3 end tailing by the thermophilic DNA polymerase. After this step, a DNA adapter of 60 bp in length, and carrying a 3 terminal dT extension, was added to a final concentration of 1 M to the reaction mixture. Ligation of the DNA adaptor to the DNA fragment was accomplished using T4 DNA ligase for five minutes at 22 C., and resulting reaction products were analyzed on a 1% agarose gel. The experimental scheme is shown in FIG. 5. The results are shown in FIG. 6, where D1 and D2 are samples prepared using mod-Tbr DNA polymerase; T1 and T2 are samples prepared using Taq DNA polymerase; F represents the control DNA fragment; L is O'RangeRuler 50 bp DNA Ladder (Thermo Scientific, SM0613); A is the 381 bp reaction product with adapters ligated to both DNA fragment ends (60+261+60 bp); and B is the 321 bp reaction product with adapter ligated to one DNA fragment end (261+60 bp).

(45) FIG. 6 shows lanes D1, D2samples prepared using DyNAmolV DNA polymerase; lanes T1, T2samples prepared using Taq DNA polymerase; Fcontrol DNA fragment; A shows 381 bp reaction product with adapters ligated to both DNA fragment ends (60+261+60 bp); B shows 321 bp reaction product with adapter ligated to one DNA fragment end (261+60 bp); LO'RangeRuler 50 bp DNA Ladder (Thermo Scientific, SM0613).

(46) Results presented in FIG. 6 show that mod-Tbr DNA polymerase generated more products of the correct structure (fragment A), indicating that this enzyme outperformed Taq DNA polymerase and was more appropriate for use with DNA end repair enzymes in one reaction mixture. Only blunted and then dA-tailed control DNA fragment can be ligated to dT-containing adapters. The dominating largest band A represents DNA fragments with adapters ligated to both ends, while only a small fraction of control DNA fragment F was left unprocessed.

(47) These data demonstrated that the efficiency of DNA end repair and DNA 3 end dA-tailing reactions differ when performed in single reaction mixture using different thermostable DNA polymerases, and further, that a reaction mixture of present invention comprising mod-Tbr outperforms in efficiency other compositions previously used for said reactions. Also, it is noteworthy that when an inventive composition was used, there were no traces of larger DNA fragments which could appear with incomplete dA-tailing of blunted DNA fragments which are then ligated together.

EXAMPLE 3

Stability of 2 Concentrated End Conversion Master Mix

(48) For stability testing, a 2 End Conversion Master Mix as disclosed was stored at 20 C. and +25 C., to represent accelerated stability testing, for different periods of time. The stability test was performed using the same experimental scheme shown in FIG. 5. One g of control DNA fragment was incubated for five min in 50 l reaction mixture of 1 End Conversion Master Mix that had been stored at 20 C., allowing the DNA end repair enzymes to blunt and phosphorylate DNA ends, followed by incubation for ten minutes at 72 C., a condition favorable for simultaneous inactivation of mesophylic DNA end repair enzymes and DNA 3 end tailing by mod-Tbr DNA polymerase. After this step, a DNA adapter of 60 bp in length carrying 3 terminal dT extension was added to a final 1 M concentration to the reaction mixture, and ligation for five min at 22 C. using T4 DNA ligase was performed. The resulting reaction products were analyzed on a 1% agarose gel. The results are shown in FIG. 7, where A1 and A2 are samples prepared using End Conversion Master Mix stored 2 weeks at 20 C.; B1 and B2 are samples prepared using End Conversion Master Mix stored 1 week at +25 C.; C1 and C2 are samples prepared using End Conversion Master Mix stored 2 weeks at +25 C.; F is the control DNA fragment; L is O'RangeRuler 50 bp DNA Ladder (Thermo Scientific, SM0613); A is the 381 bp reaction product with adapters ligated to both DNA fragment ends (60+261+60 bp); and B is the 321 bp reaction product with adapter ligated to one DNA fragment end (261+60 bp).

(49) FIG. 7 shows A1, A2samples prepared using End Conversion Master Mix, stored 2 weeks at 20 C.; B1, B2samples prepared using End Conversion Master Mix, stored 1 week at +25 C.; C1, C2-samples prepared using End Conversion Master Mix, stored 2 weeks at +25 C.; Fcontrol DNA fragment; A381 bp reaction product with adapters ligated to both DNA ends (60+261+60 bp); B321 bp reaction product with adapter ligated to one DNA end (261+60 bp); LO'RangeRuler 50 bp DNA Ladder (Thermo Scientific, SM0613).

(50) Results presented in FIG. 7 indicated that End Conversion Master Mix retained functional activity for two weeks at +25 C., thus is considered to be stable during prolonged storage times. The composition was stable for at least one week at 4 C. In addition, the results presented in FIG. 7 indicated that End Conversion Master Mix provided efficient blunting, phosphorylation, and dA tailing in a single mixture.

(51) Applicants incorporate by reference the material contained in the accompanying computer readable Sequence Listing identified as Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Baltics_UAB_33_ST25.txt, having a file creation date of Sep. 24, 2013 12:29 P.M. and file size of 2.06 kilobytes.

(52) The embodiments shown and described in the specification are only specific embodiments of inventors who are skilled in the art and are not limiting in any way. Therefore, various changes, modifications, or alterations to those embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention in the scope of the following claims. The references cited are expressly incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.