Heat management system for an internal combustion engine

Abstract

A heat management system for an internal combustion engine has an engine cooling circuit, a main cooling circuit that has a main cooler, a heating circuit that has a heating heat exchanger, a coolant pump that moves coolant through the circuits and a rotary slide valve that has at least one switched and at least one non-switched inlet, such that the heating return flow leads into a switchable inlet of the rotary slide valve.

Claims

1. A heat management system for an internal combustion engine, comprising: an engine cooling circuit; a main cooler circuit having a main cooler; a heating circuit having a heating heat exchanger; a coolant pump configured to moves coolant through the engine cooling circuit, main cooler circuit and heating circuit; and a rotary slide valve having at least one switched and at least one non-switched inlet, wherein a heating return line of the heating circuit issues into one of the at least one switched inlets of the rotary slide valve, and wherein the rotary slide valve further comprises a non-switched outlet coupled to the coolant pump.

2. The heat management system as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of a return line of the main cooler circuit and a return line of the engine cooling circuit issues into one of the at least one switched inlets of the rotary slide valve.

3. The heat management system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a transmission oil cooling circuit having a transmission oil heat exchanger is provided, wherein a return line of the transmission oil cooling circuit issues into a non-switched inlet, of the at least one non-switched inlets, of the rotary slide valve.

4. The heat management system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising an additional, electric coolant pump arranged in an exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit.

5. The heat management system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rotary slide valve is configured to be switched such that warm coolant is conducted into the heating circuit by way of the additional, electric coolant pump.

6. The heat management system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a transmission oil cooling circuit having a transmission oil heat exchanger is provided, wherein a return line of the transmission oil cooling circuit issues into a non-switched inlet, of the at least one non-switched inlets, of the rotary slide valve.

7. The heat management system as claimed in claim 6, wherein a dedicated thermostat valve is provided in the transmission oil cooling circuit.

8. The heat management system as claimed in claim 6, further comprising an additional, electric coolant pump arranged in an exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit.

9. The heat management system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rotary slide valve is configured to be switched such that warm coolant is conducted into the heating circuit by way of the additional, electric coolant pump.

10. The heat management system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an expansion tank for coolant that is connected to a non-switched inlet of the rotary slide valve.

11. The heat management system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an additional, electric coolant pump arranged in an exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit.

12. The heat management system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the rotary slide valve is configured to be switched such that warm coolant is conducted into the heating circuit by way of the additional, electric coolant pump.

13. The heat management system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a control unit and temperature sensors, wherein the rotary slide valve is configured to be switched by the control unit in a manner dependent on data determined by the temperature sensors.

14. The heat management system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary slide valve is configured to be switched such that a flow through the engine cooling circuit is throttled.

15. The heat management system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary slide valve is configured to be switched such that, in a warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine, all of the at least one switched and at least one non-switched inlets of the rotary slide valve are closed.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a heat management system according to one embodiment of the invention; and

(2) FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a heat management system according to another embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(3) FIG. 1 shows a heat management system 10 for an internal combustion engine 12 (in this case an in-line four-cylinder Otto-cycle engine).

(4) Coolant flows, in multiple coolant circuits, inter alia through an engine block of the internal combustion engine 12, through an air-cooled main cooler 14, and through a heating heat exchanger 16. The coolant is moved primarily by way of a coolant pump 18, which in this case is mechanically driven.

(5) The coolant flows are controlled by way of a rotary slide valve 20, the inlets of which are connected to the return lines of the coolant circuits, and the outlet of which is directly connected in terms of flow to the coolant pump 18, as will be described in detail further below.

(6) Also provided are a coolant expansion tank 22, a transmission oil heat exchanger 24, an engine oil heat exchanger 26, and an additional, electrically operated coolant pump 28, wherein the latter is fluidically connected to a heat exchanger (housing cooling) of an exhaust-gas turbocharger 30. The electrically driven additional coolant pump 28 has a power of approximately 20-150 W, in this example.

(7) The main cooler 14 is assisted by way of a fan 32. Furthermore, an additional cooler 34 is provided for assisting the main cooler, which additional cooler may for example be formed as a cooler mounted in a wheel arch.

(8) In an engine cooling circuit 36 (also referred to as small cooling circuit), cold coolant is transported by the coolant pump 18 to an engine block of the internal combustion engine 12, more precisely to cooling ducts in the cylinder head housing and in the crankcase, where said coolant absorbs waste heat, before being collected in a line 38. A bypass line 40 leads from the collecting line 38 to a first switched inlet 42 of the rotary slide valve 20. The bypass line 40 also forms the return line of the engine cooling circuit 36.

(9) Here, the engine cooling circuit 36 can be shut off, with regard to its conducting of coolant, downstream of the coolant pump 18.

(10) From the collecting line 38 there branches off a coolant line 44 which is part of a main cooler circuit 46 which leads back, through the main cooler 14 and via a return line 47, to a switched second inlet 48 of the rotary slide valve 20.

(11) From the line 44 there branches off a feed line to a heating circuit 50, in which the heating heat exchanger 16 is arranged, which can release heat to a vehicle interior compartment. The return line 51 of the heating circuit 50 leads to a third switched inlet 52 of the rotary slide valve 20.

(12) A single, non-switched outlet 53 of the rotary slide valve 20 leads via a short line 55 to the coolant pump 18.

(13) The position of the one or more rotary slides of the rotary slide valve 20, and thus the degree of opening of the switched inlets 42, 48, 52, is predefined by a control unit 54, which may form part of an engine electronics unit. In the control unit 54 there are stored data which permit characteristic map-based control in a manner dependent on predefined operating states of the internal combustion engine 12. In this example, the states of further components, such as the heating heat exchanger 16, the exhaust-gas turbocharger 30 and the engine oil heat exchanger 26, and data from temperature sensors 56 in the engine block or in the coolant line 44 to the main cooler 14, are also taken into consideration. The positions of the switched inlets of the rotary slide valve 20 are defined in a manner dependent on said parameters.

(14) The additional electric coolant pump 28 is situated in an exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit 58, which cools exhaust-gas turbocharger 30 and which issues into a non-switched inlet 60 of the rotary slide valve 20. A supply is provided to the exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit 58 from the engine cooling circuit 36 by way of a branch (not shown in any more detail here).

(15) The engine oil heat exchanger 26 is connected directly to the collecting line 38 of the engine cooling circuit 36. Cold coolant is supplied by way of a branch 62 downstream of the coolant pump 18. In this example, a controller is not provided but could be realized by way of an additional thermostat.

(16) The coolant expansion tank 22 leads via a connecting line 70 to the return line of the exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit 58, which issues into the non-switched inlet 60 of the rotary slide valve 20. The ventilation lines 72 and 74 connect the coolant expansion tank 22 to the engine cooling circuit 36, more specifically to the collecting line 38 and to the feed line to the main cooler 14 in the main cooler circuit 46. The transmission oil heat exchanger 24 is situated in a transmission oil cooling circuit 76 which is independent of the rotary slide valve 20, and said transmission oil heat exchanger is switched by way of a dedicated thermostat valve 78. The latter is in this case a conventional wax thermostat which opens the transmission oil cooling circuit 76 in the presence of a predetermined temperature, and closes said transmission oil cooling circuit below said temperature.

(17) The transmission oil cooling circuit 76 leads through the engine block into a feed line 80, which issues into the coolant line 55. The issuing-in point lies upstream of the coolant pump 18 but downstream of the outlet 53 of the rotary slide valve 20. A line 82 branches off from the engine cooling circuit 36 between the coolant pump 18 and the engine shut-off valve 43, said line leading through the main cooler 14 and back to the transmission oil heat exchanger 24 (low-temperature loop). This is required only in the case of vehicles with transmission cooling.

(18) The coolant pump 18 is in this case directly integrated into the engine block of the internal combustion engine 12. In this exemplary embodiment, the rotary slide valve 20 is mounted on the end side of the engine block of the internal combustion engine 12, in the immediate vicinity of the coolant pump 18.

(19) If the inlet 48 of the rotary slide valve 20 is closed by the control unit 54, the coolant flow through the main cooler 14 in the main cooler circuit 46 is stopped. This state is assumed in particular upon starting of the internal combustion engine 12 and in part-load operation.

(20) If the inlet 42 of the rotary slide valve 20 is open, the coolant flows via the bypass line 40 from the hot side of the internal combustion engine 12 directly into the rotary slide valve 20, and is recirculated from there directly to the cold side of the internal combustion engine 12 by way of the coolant pump 18.

(21) If the inlet 52 of the rotary slide valve 20 is switched so as to be open, it is furthermore the case that coolant flows through the heating circuit 50 via the heating heat exchanger 16.

(22) The switching of the inlets 42 and 52 makes it possible to realize multiple operating states. If both the inlet 42 and the inlet 52 are open, the engine cooling circuit 36 and the heating circuit 50 are flowed through in parallel. Here, the flow conditions are selected such that a considerably greater volume flow passes through the engine cooling circuit 36 than through the heating circuit 50, as is known. In this operating state, it is for example possible for the internal combustion engine 12 to warm up to its operating temperature, with the vehicle interior compartment simultaneously being heated.

(23) If the inlet 42 is completely or partially closed, the flow through the engine cooling circuit 36 is reduced, such that the load on the coolant pump 18 is reduced. By way of the open heating circuit 50, heat can be released, and a targeted circulation of the coolant can be maintained. Owing to the relatively high flow resistance, the coolant volume flow through the internal combustion engine 12 is reduced. This can be utilized for a faster warm-up upon a cold start.

(24) If the inlet 52 is switched so as to be entirely or partially closed, the heating circuit 50 is decoupled and flow does not pass through it. This is the case firstly when no heating function is desired, that is to say the vehicle occupants have switched off the heater.

(25) Another usage case is a driving situation in which the load of the internal combustion engine 12 suddenly increases, for example when ascending a hill or upon an abrupt onset of acceleration. In this case, the closing of the heating circuit 50 in combination with the opening of the inlet 42 of the engine cooling circuit 36, and possibly of the inlet 48 of the main cooler circuit 46, has the effect that the entire coolant flow is available for the cooling of the internal combustion engine 12, such that temperature peaks are avoided.

(26) In the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine, the inlets 42, 48 and 52 can be closed in order to (substantially) stop a flow of the coolant in the engine cooling circuit 36, too, and thus realize a faster warm-up. To prevent cavitation on the suction side of the coolant pump 18, it is also the case here that the engine shut-off valve 43 is closed.

(27) The activation and deactivation of the main cooler circuit 46 are realized by opening and closing of the inlet 48 of the rotary slide valve 20. This may (in the context of the predefined design of the rotary slide valve 20) take place independently of the opening and shutting-off of the engine cooling circuit 36 and of the heating circuit 50, and furthermore in temperature-independent fashion by way of commands from the control unit 54.

(28) The flow through the engine may in this case be controlled, inter alia in the warm-up and in relevant consumption cycles, and by actuation of the rotary slide valve 20 and of the engine shut-off valve 43, for optimum heat distribution and friction optimization. These functions are also stored in the control unit 54.

(29) The control unit 54 furthermore has a stored ventilation program which comprises an actuation sequence for different positions of the rotary slide valve 20.

(30) Said program may be executed for example for maintenance purposes in a suitably equipped workshop. Here, the internal combustion engine 12 runs at idle. If the normal idle engine speed is not sufficient, the engine speed may be briefly raised, or else the idle engine speed may be raised to a considerably higher level for the duration of the ventilation program.

(31) By way of targeted opening and closing of the individual coolant circuits, for example of the engine cooling circuit 36, of the main cooler circuit 46 and of the heating circuit 50, it is possible in targeted fashion for air that is present in the lines to be transported via the ventilation lines 72, 74 to the expansion tank 22, where the air is separated off.

(32) Said actuation of the switchable inlets 42, 48, 52 of the rotary slide valve 20 is entirely independent of the control of the rotary slide valve 20 in other operating states, and serves merely for the targeted conducting of the coolant through the ventilation lines 72, 74 such that entrained air is separated off in the expansion tank 22.

(33) It may for example be expedient for all of the inlets to be briefly closed at predetermined intervals in order to force the coolant into the ventilation line 72, 74. It is also conceivable for air to be collected in targeted fashion in components and then separated off in the expansion tank 22 by way of defined opening of the sub-circuits.

(34) It is also possible for the individual coolant circuits to be briefly opened and closed again in rapid succession in targeted fashion in order to transfer air from one circuit into the other and thus move said air to the expansion tank 22.

(35) It is likewise possible for in each case only precisely one of the circuits to be operated in targeted fashion and for valves that may be provided on the ventilation lines 72, 74 to be opened and closed in targeted fashion.

(36) The one or more ventilation programs are stored in the control unit 54 and may be executed in a maintenance mode or in an assembly mode, wherein the control sequence is then run through automatically.

(37) FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a heat management system 10, wherein for components that have already been introduced, the reference designations already known are used again. Modified but similar components are denoted by the known reference designations with an apostrophe suffix.

(38) By contrast to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the internal combustion engine 12 is in this case a six-cylinder in-line engine, which, for space reasons, has the effect that the rotary slide valve 20 is arranged not on an end side but along a long side of the engine block of the internal combustion engine 12.

(39) Likewise for space reasons, the return line 47 of the main cooler circuit 46 leads, in part, through the engine block of the internal combustion engine 12 to the switched inlet 48 of the rotary slide valve 20.

(40) In terms of physical arrangement in the rotary slide valve 20, the inlet 42 in the second embodiment corresponds to the inlet 42 in the first embodiment, and vice versa. The function of the rotary slide valve 20 is however analogous to that in the first embodiment.

(41) In this embodiment, the return line of the exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit 58 issues into the line 44 upstream of a branch of the bypass line 40 to the rotary slide valve 20.

(42) The feed line of the exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit 58 branches off, downstream of an outlet from the engine block, from a feed line 82 of the transmission oil cooling circuit 76 to the main cooler 14. As in the first example, the return line of the transmission oil cooling circuit 76 leads from the transmission oil heat exchanger 24 to the non-switched inlet 60 of the rotary slide valve 20.

(43) Here, the connecting line 70 from the coolant expansion tank 22 issues into the return line of the transmission oil cooling circuit 76, which leads to the non-switched inlet 60 of the rotary slide valve 20.

(44) All of the features not described in conjunction with FIG. 2 are identical in terms of construction and function to those described in FIG. 1.

(45) As shown by the two embodiments described above, the principle according to the invention of the use of a rotary slide valve with switched and non-switched inlets for the targeted disconnection of a heating circuit and for the switching of the engine circuit and of the main cooler circuit, but also of the central connection of further cooling circuits such as for example the transmission oil cooling circuit and the exhaust-gas turbocharger cooling circuit, can be easily implemented in a flexible manner for different internal combustion engines. Correspondingly, a person skilled in the art is afforded great freedom in designing heat management systems according to the invention, wherein all of the features of the two embodiments may be combined with one another, or exchanged for one another, as desired.

(46) The foregoing disclosure has been set forth merely to illustrate the invention and is not intended to be limiting. Since modifications of the disclosed embodiments incorporating the spirit and substance of the invention may occur to persons skilled in the art, the invention should be construed to include everything within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.