Construction machine and method for upward and downward movement of a lifting element

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction machine having a mast and a lifting element which can be moved up and down along the mast with a hoist rope. The hoist rope can be activated by means of two rope winches. At least one first rope winch is designed as a free fall winch, wherein the hoist rope can be lowered in free fall. To lower the hoist rope a controller is provided, with which the first rope winch, which is designed as a free fall winch, can be switched into a free fall mode. Meanwhile, a second rope winch is operated in force-locking manner.

Claims

1. A construction machine with a mast and a lifting element, which can be moved up and down along the mast with a hoist rope, which can be activated by means of at least a first rope winch and a second rope winch, wherein the first rope winch is designed as a free fall winch, wherein the hoist rope can be lowered in free fall, and a controller is provided, with which the first rope winch, which is designed as the free fall winch, can be switched into a free fall mode to lower the hoist rope while the second rope winch is operated with force-locking.

2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the lifting element is arranged with a pulley block or an articulation unit to be movable on the hoist rope.

3. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the hoist rope is formed from at least two ropes coupled or connected to each other.

4. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the free fall winch has a free fall brake, with which the free fall winch can be opened for free-wheeling lowering of the hoist rope and the free falling hoist rope can be braked again by activating the free fall brake.

5. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein each of the first rope winch and the second rope winch has a winch drum and a first end of the hoist rope is connected to a first winch drum of the first rope winch and a second end of the hoist rope is connected to a second winch drum of the second rope winch.

6. The construction machine according to claim 5, wherein after lowering the hoist rope from a starting position into an operating position, for the first rope winch a greater hoist rope length is wound out from the first winch drum than from the second winch drum, and the first rope winch and the second rope winch can be operated asynchronously when the hoist rope is lifted again, wherein when the hoist rope is lifted again a greater hoist rope length is wound onto the first winch drum than onto the second winch drum.

7. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the hoist rope can be deflected on at least two deflection rollers which are arranged on the mast, and the at least two deflection rollers are mounted on at least one force measuring axis.

8. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine has sensors, with which a position of the lifting element relative to a position of the construction machine can be determined.

9. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine has rotational speed sensors, with which the rotational speed of the first rope winch and the second rope winch can be determined.

10. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the first rope winch can be operated both as a free fall winch and also as a force-locking winch.

11. The construction machine according to claim 1, which is designed as a diaphragm wall gripper to excavate earth material, wherein a hydraulic gripper is articulated on the lifting element.

12. A method for creating a diaphragm wall with the construction machine according to claim 11.

13. A method for upward and downward movement of the lifting element in the construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the hoist rope is operated with first rope winch and the second rope winch, wherein the first rope winch, which is designed as the free fall winch, is used, and the first rope winch is switched into the free fall mode by the controller to lower the hoist rope while the second rope winch is operated with force-locking.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein a free fall brake, which is arranged on the first rope winch, is deactivated for free fall lowering of the hoist rope and the lifting element, which is arranged to be movable on the hoist rope with a pulley block, wherein the first rope winch is released by the free fall brake for free fall lowering of the rope winch.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the first rope winch and the second rope winch are synchronized, when the hoist rope and the lifting element, which is arranged on the hoist rope, are lifted again after the free fall lowering of the hoist rope, into a starting position of the first rope winch and the second rope winch before lowering, and the first rope winch and the second rope winch are operated independently of each other when the hoist rope is lowered and/or lifted again.

Description

(1) The invention will be explained in further detail below by reference to two preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown schematically in the attached drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a mast-winch arrangement according to the invention of a construction machine in a first exemplary embodiment with a pulley block; and

(3) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an articulation unit in place of the pulley block in a second exemplary embodiment.

(4) A first embodiment of the construction machine according to the invention will be explained in more detail below in association with FIG. 1. FIG. 1 shows a mast 10 of a construction machine that is not shown in further detail. The mast 10 can be attached in a pivotable and/or rotatable way on the construction machine. For this, the two articulation regions 40, 42 are used. The mast 10 can be telescopic or non-telescopic. FIG. 1 further shows the two winches 12, 14, which can be arranged on a carrier unit (not shown) of the construction machine. A hoist rope 20 is secured to the two winches 12, 14, the first rope winch 12 and the second rope winch 14. To wind in the hoist rope 20 the first rope winch 12 and the second rope winch 14 have a first winch drum 13 and a second winch drum 15. In the exemplary embodiment the first winch drum 13 and the second winch drum 15 have the same diameters and axial extensions. The hoist rope 20 extends from a first end, which is connected to the first winch drum 13, via a first deflection roller 18 on the mast head 11 of the mast 10 via a second deflection roller 18 through a pulley block 22 and back via a third deflection roller 18 and a fourth deflection roller 18 of the mast head 11 to the second winch drum 15, to which a second end of the hoist rope is connected. The first and the fourth deflection roller 18 are located on the same side of the mast as the two winches 12, 14 and the second and the third deflection roller 18 on the same side of the mast 10 as the pulley block 22. Two respective deflection rollers 18 are arranged at the mast head 11 lying opposite on a force measuring axis 19. A lifting element 30 is arranged on the pulley block 22 on a lower side. The lifting element 30, which is shown schematically in FIG. 1, serves as a connecting element to arrange a tool (not shown) on the pulley block 22. The tool can thereby be arranged rigidly or movably on the pulley block 22.

(5) For free-wheeling lowering of the lifting element 30, the pulley block 22 and the tool, the first rope winch 12 can be designed as a free fall winch with a free fall brake that is not shown. Also, a controller 50 may be provided, with which the first rope winch 12 can be switched to a free fall mode to lower the hoist rope 20, while the second rope winch 14 is operated in a force-locking manner. Further, sensors 60 can be provided on the winches 12, 14 and determine the lengths of the wound-out hoist rope 20 of both winches 12, 14 and evaluate the lengths in particular in real time. The sensors 60 may be rotational speed sensors. Still further, the construction machine can be configured as a diaphragm wall gripper to excavate boring material, wherein a hydraulic gripper 70 is arranged on the lifting element 30.

(6) FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an articulation unit 24 with a lifting element 30. The only difference between this second embodiment and the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that, instead of a pulley block 22 as present in the first exemplary embodiment, an articulation unit 24 is provided. The articulation unit 24 is designed so that it can be moved pivotably and is thus movable with respect to the indicated hoist rope 20. The hoist rope 20 is securely connected in this exemplary embodiment to the articulation unit 24, and it can be interrupted between the connection points. The lifting element 30 serves, as in the first exemplary embodiment, for securing a tool.