Abstract
Disclosed is a parallel digging, mining and filling operation coal mining method, in which a stope haulage roadway, stope branch roadways, and two-winged adits are arranged in a stope. The stope haulage roadway and the stope branch roadways serve as haulage passages, and coal mining work is carried out in the two-winged adits. All two-winged adits are mined sequentially and filled timely, and coal mass that has not been mined or two-winged adits that have been filled always exist at the two sides of the two-winged adit that are being mined, to support and control the roof. The two-winged adits can be mined without support or with less supports by controlling the length of the two-winged adits and the number of two-winged adits filled in one time, whereupon pillar-free mining can be realized.
Claims
1. A coal mining method for controlling overlaying strata fracture and surface subsidence, comprising the following steps: a. arranging a stope haulage roadway along an edge part or middle part of a stope, and digging a stope branch roadway perpendicularly or obliquely to the stope haulage roadway; b. performing multiple two-winged adits mining in a coal mass in the stope branch roadway from inner side to outer side, wherein, each two-winged adit and the corresponding section of the stope branch roadway is referred to as a stage; c. performing next stage two-winged adit mining at an interval equal to a width of a two-winged adit along the stope branch roadway, whenever each stage two-winged mining adit mining is completed; d. building up sealing walls in the stope branch roadway and filling the two-winged adits that have been mined and the corresponding sections of the stope branch roadway, after multiple stages two-winged adits mining is completed; e. repeating steps b and c to continue two-winged adits mining in the stope branch roadway, while executing step the steps d; f. repeating the steps b, c, d, and e, until all two-winged adits in the stope branch roadway have been mined and filled; g. digging a next stope branch roadway parallel to the stope branch roadway at one side of the stope branch roadway, while mining and filling the two-winged adits in the stope branch roadway; h. repeating the steps b, c, d, e, and f, until the next stope branch roadway and all two-winged mining adits in it have been mined and filled; i. repeating the steps b, c, d, e, f, and g, until all stope branch roadways and all two-winged adits therein at one side of the stope haulage roadway have been mined and filled; j. digging a stope haulage roadway on the other side of the stope and digging a stope branch roadway at one side of the stope haulage roadway, while mining and filling the stope branch roadway and the two-winged adits at one side of the stope haulage roadway, wherein, the stope branch roadway is located between two adjacent stope branch roadway; and k. performing two-winged adits mining and filling in the stope branch roadway by repeating steps b, c, d, e, f, and g, until the coal resource in the entire stope has been mined out and filled.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: an included angle between the direction perpendicular to the stope branch roadway and the adit is determined according to a requirement of the working angle of the coal mining equipment.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: a width of each two-winged adit is substantially equal to a working width of a coal mining equipment.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: distance L between adjacent stope branch roadways at the same side of the stope haulage roadway is determined by the formula LL.sub.1+2L.sub.2.sup.cos, where, L.sub.1 is a width of a stope branch roadway, and L.sub.2 is a length of an adit.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of first stage mining along the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0020] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of second stage mining along the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0021] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of third stage mining along the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0022] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of filling for the first time in the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0023] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of filling for the second time in the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) in the present invention;
[0024] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram after the first stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) is filled in the present invention;
[0025] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram after the second stope branch roadway I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) is filled in the present invention;
[0026] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram after the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the stope haulage roadway II (7) is dug in the present invention;
[0027] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram after all stope branch roadways I at one side of the stope haulage roadway I (1) are filled in the present invention;
[0028] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram after the second stage mining along the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the stope haulage roadway II (7) is completed in the present invention;
[0029] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram after the third stage mining along the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the stope haulage roadway II (7) is completed in the present invention;
[0030] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram after the filling for the first time in the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the stope haulage roadway II (7) is completed in the present invention;
[0031] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram after the filling for the second time in the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the stope haulage roadway II (7) is completed in the present invention;
[0032] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram after the first stope branch roadway II at one side of the stope haulage roadway II (7) is filled in the present invention;
[0033] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram after the working face is mined and filled in the present invention;
[0034] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the method provided in the present invention.
[0035] In the figures: 1, 6stope haulage roadway; 2, 7stope branch roadway; 3two-winged adit; 4sealing wall; 5filling mass; 8triangular coal.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0036] Hereunder the present invention will be further detailed in an embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The parallel digging, mining and filling operation coal mining method for controlling overlaying strata fracture and surface subsidence provided in the present invention includes the following steps: [0037] a. as shown in FIG. 1, a stope haulage roadway I 1 is arranged along the edge part of a stope, and a stope branch roadway I 2 is dug perpendicularly or obliquely to the stope haulage roadway I 1; or, a stope haulage roadway I 1 can be arranged in the middle of the stope directly, and a stope branch roadway I 2 is arrange at each side of the stope haulage roadway I 1. [0038] b. then, performing multiple two-winged adits mining in the coal mass along the stope branch roadway I 2 from inner side to outer side; the included angle between the direction perpendicular to stope branch roadway I 2 and the two-winged adit 3 shall meet the requirement of turning of the coal mining equipment during operation; the smaller the angle, the less the triangular coal 8 in the schematic diagram will be, and the higher the recovery ratio will be. Each two-winged adit 3 and the corresponding section of the stope branch roadway I 2 is referred to as a stage, and the width of each two-winged adit is equal to the working width of the coal mining equipment; a next stage two-winged adit 3 at an interval equal to the width of a two-winged adit 3 is mined along the stope branch roadway I 2, whenever the two-winged adit 3 mining in each stage is completed, as shown in FIGS. 23. The width and depth of the adit 3 are determined according to the geological conditions of the coal seam. The width and depth of the two-winged adit 3 can be increased if the roof is stable. If the geologic conditions of the stope branch roadway I 2 are poor, the roadway roof in the triangular area of the two-winged adit 3 (i.e., the intersection point between the two-winged adit 3 and the stope branch roadway I 2) can be supported with crawler movable supports or the like. [0039] c. sealing walls 4 are built up in the stope branch roadway I 2 and the two-winged adits 3 that have been mined and the corresponding sections of the stope branch roadway I 2 are filled, after multiple stages two-winged adits 3 mining are completed; the specific number of stages can be determined according to the geologic conditions of coal seam; if the geologic conditions of coal seam are good, more stages can be used; otherwise less stages can be used; especially, the number of stages should be determined according to the roof conditions, to ensure that roadway wall rocks will not have severe deformation, i.e., there is no severe roof collapse, and the deformation of the sides is within a reasonable range. In the schematic diagrams, 3 stages are shown. Sealing walls 5 are built up in the stope branch roadway 2, and the two-winged mining adit 3 that have been mined in steps b and c and the corresponding sections of the stope branch roadway 2 are filled, as shown in FIG. 4. [0040] d. the steps b and c are repeated to continue two-winged mining adits 3 mining in the stope branch roadway I 2, while the steps d is executed. [0041] e. a next stope branch roadway I 2 parallel to the stope branch roadway I 2 is dug at one side of the stope branch roadway I 2, while the two-winged mining adits 3 in the stope branch roadway 12 are mined and filled, as shown in FIG. 5. [0042] f. the steps b, c, d, and e are repeated, till all two-winged mining adits 3 in the stope branch roadway I 2 have been mined and filled, as shown in FIG. 6. [0043] g. the steps b, c, d, e, and f are repeated, till the next stope branch roadway I 2 and all two-winged mining adits 3 therein have been mined and filled, as shown in FIG. 7. [0044] h. a stope haulage roadway II 2 is dug on the other side of the stope, and a stope branch roadway II 7 is dug at one side of the stope haulage roadway II 6, while the stope branch roadway I 2 and the two-winged adits 3 at one side of the stope haulage roadway I 1 are mined and filled, wherein, the stope branch roadway II 7 is located between two adjacent stope branch roadway I 2, as shown in FIG. 8. [0045] i. the steps b, c, d, e, f, and g are repeated, till all stope branch roadways I 2 and all two-winged adits 3 therein at one side of the stope haulage roadway I 1 have been mined and filled, as shown in FIG. 9; the distance L between adjacent stope branch roadways at the same side of the stope haulage roadway is determined with a formula LL.sub.1+2L.sub.2.sup.cos, as shown in FIG. 16, where, L.sub.1 is the width of a stope branch roadway, L.sub.2 is the length of an adit, and a is the included angle between the direction perpendicular to stope branch roadway 2 and adit. [0046] j. the two-winged adits 3 in the stope branch roadway II 7 are mined and filled with the method described in the steps b, c, d, e, f, and g, till all coal resource in the first stope branch roadway II 7 at one side of the stope haulage roadway II 6 has been mined out and filled, as shown in FIGS. 1014. [0047] k. the above steps are repeated, till the remaining two-winged adits 3 at one side of the stope haulage roadway II 6 are mined, as shown in FIG. 15.
