COOLING SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE

Abstract

A cooling system for an electric vehicle includes an on-board charger in cooling fluid connection with a cooling fluid pump, a cooling system radiator, a vehicle component and a cooling fluid being pumped through each of the on-board charger and the vehicle component by the cooling fluid pump. The on-board charger includes a heat exchanging arrangement arranged on an outside surface of a housing of the on-board charger. When an airflow generated from the vehicle driving flows over the heat exchanging arrangement, the heat exchanging arrangement cools the cooling fluid pumped through the on-board charger by means of heat exchange between the cooling fluid and the airflow, thereby increasing the cooling of the vehicle component.

Claims

1. A cooling system for an electric vehicle, wherein the cooling system comprises an on-board charger in cooling fluid connection with a cooling fluid pump, a cooling system radiator, at least one vehicle component and a cooling fluid being pumped through each of the on-board charger and the vehicle component by the cooling fluid pump, wherein the on-board charger comprises a heat exchanging arrangement arranged on an outer surface of a housing of the on-board charger, wherein, when an airflow generated from the vehicle driving flows over the heat exchanging arrangement, the heat exchanging arrangement cools the cooling fluid pumped through the on-board charger by means of heat exchange between the cooling fluid and the airflow, thereby increasing the cooling of the vehicle component.

2. The cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the on-board charger is arranged in connection to an air channel and the airflow is a ram airflow generated in the air channel from the vehicle driving, wherein the ram airflow is directed to flow over the heat exchanging arrangement via openings in the air channel, and/or wherein at least a part of the heat exchanging arrangement extends into the ram airflow in the air channel such that the ram air flow flows over the heat exchanging arrangement.

3. The cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanging arrangement is arranged on an outer surface of a housing lid of the on-board charger.

4. The cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanging arrangement comprises a cooling flange or cooling fins.

5. The cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the on-board charger is arranged essentially parallel to a grill of the vehicle and the air channel is an air channel arranged to create an air curtain over a front tire.

6. The cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the on-board charger is arranged adjacent a main radiator and the air channel is an air channel arranged to direct air over the main radiator.

7. The cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the on-board charger is arranged under a lower engine under shield of the vehicle and the air channel is an air channel in the lower engine under shield.

8. The cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the on-board charger is arranged between the vehicle component and the cooling system radiator in the cooling system.

9. The cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanging arrangement is a passive heat exchanging arrangement.

10. The cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanging arrangement is an active heat exchanging arrangement, wherein the cooling flange or cooling fins is arranged to also be provided with a coolant medium.

11. A vehicle comprising a cooling system according to claim 1.

12. A method for increased cooling power of a vehicle component, wherein a cooling system comprises an on-board charger in cooling fluid connection with a cooling fluid pump, a cooling system radiator, the vehicle component and a cooling fluid being pumped through each of the on-board charger and the vehicle component by the cooling fluid pump, wherein the method comprises: providing the on-board charger with a heat exchanging arrangement arranged on an outer surface of a housing of the on-board charger, generating an airflow from the vehicle driving arranged to flow over the heat exchanging arrangement, cooling the cooling fluid passing through the on-board charger by means of heat exchange between the cooling fluid and the airflow flowing over the heat exchanging arrangement.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the method comprises: arranging the on-board charger in connection to an air channel, generating a ram airflow in the air channel from the vehicle driving, directing the ram airflow to flow over the heat exchanging arrangement via openings in the air channel, and/or arranging at least a part of the heat exchanging arrangement to extend into the ram airflow in the air channel such that the ram air flow flows over the heat exchanging arrangement.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the method comprises: arranging the heat exchanging arrangement on an outer surface of a housing lid of the on-board charger.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the method comprises: arranging a cooling flange or cooling fins as the heat exchanging arrangement.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] FIG. 1 schematically shows cooling system according to a first embodiment of the disclosure,

[0044] FIG. 2 schematically shows a cut-away view of an on-board charger,

[0045] FIG. 3 schematically shows an on-board charger where a housing lid comprises a heat exchanging arrangement,

[0046] FIG. 4A schematically shows a front view of a vehicle displaying an on-board charger of the cooling system in a first location,

[0047] FIG. 4B schematically shows a side view of a vehicle displaying an on-board charger of the cooling system in a first location,

[0048] FIG. 4C schematically shows a top view of a vehicle displaying an on-board charger of the cooling system in a first location,

[0049] FIG. 5 schematically shows a front view of a vehicle displaying an on-board charger of the cooling system in a second location,

[0050] FIG. 6 schematically shows a top view of a vehicle displaying an on-board charger of the cooling system in a third location,

[0051] FIG. 7 schematically shows cooling system according to a second embodiment of the disclosure,

[0052] FIG. 8 schematically shows a vehicle comprising a cooling system according to the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Within the context of the disclosure, an electric vehicle includes all kinds of electric vehicles that can be charged from an external power source, including plug-in electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.

[0054] FIG. 1 schematically shows a cooling system 1 according to a first embodiment of the disclosure. The cooling system 1 comprises a cooling system radiator 2 located behind a grill of a vehicle and in front of the vehicle's main radiators/condensers. The cooling system radiator 2 is thermodynamically connected to an on-board charger 3 and one or more vehicle components 4 such as a combined inverter and DC/DC converter 4a or an electric motor 4b. The cooling system 1 comprises an internal flow of cooling liquid pumped through each of the on-board charger 3 and the vehicle components 4 by a cooling fluid pump 5 to provide cooling. External airflow over the cooling system radiator 2 that cools the cooling liquid is driven by ram pressure and/or by a cool pack fan (not shown). The cooling system 1 may also comprise an expansion tank 4c.

[0055] The cooling system 1 provides cooling to the vehicle components 4 during driving and cooling to the on-board charger 3 when the vehicle is standing still during charging. The cooling system 1 is designed so that cooling fluid will flow through the cooling system 1 even if one or more of the parts of the cooling system 1 do not need cooling. During driving of the electric vehicle, the on-board charger 3 can be regarded as purely passive even though cooling fluid is continuously pumped through it when the cooling fluid pump 5 is engaged.

[0056] The cooling system 1 has a maximum operating temperature of about 65-75° C. and by equipping the on-board charger 3 with a heat exchanging arrangement, the on-board charger 3 due to its usage, design and placement in the engine compartment can be utilized as an additional heat exchanger during driving. By making small changes to the on-board charger 3, it can be turned to a heat exchanger providing additional cooling power to cool one or more vehicle components 4 during driving. By doing so, the fan and pump usage during electric drive is lowered and some of the parasitic losses in the vehicle's systems can be cancelled.

[0057] To assist with the cooling, an airflow generated from the vehicle driving is arranged to flow over the heat exchanging arrangement.

[0058] FIG. 2 schematically shows a perspective view of an on-board charger 3 according to the disclosure. The on-board charger 3 shown is an on-board charger used today modified to provide additional cooling. The on-board charger 3 comprises a housing 6, a housing lid 7 and various electrical and fluid connections 8. As can be seen from the figure, internal cooling ducts 3a run close to an outer surface of the housing 6.

[0059] FIG. 3 schematically shows an on-board charger 3 where the housing lid 7 has been equipped with a heat exchanging arrangement 9 on the outer surface of the housing 6, more specifically on an outer surface of the housing lid 7. In FIG. 3, the housing lid 7 on a front side 10 of the on-board charger 3 of FIG. 2 is now provided with a heat exchanging arrangement 9 such that the cooling liquid inside the internal cooling ducts 3a much more efficiently can exchange heat with the cooler ambient air. In FIG. 3, the heat exchanging arrangement 9 is exemplified by several cooling fins. Other alternatives could be various kinds of cooling flanges.

[0060] The heat exchanging arrangement 9 is in one alternative configuration a passive heat exchanging arrangement meaning that the heat exchanging arrangement 9 is not cooled by anything besides an airflow generated from the vehicle driving flows over the heat exchanging arrangement 9.

[0061] In a second alternative configuration (not shown), the heat exchanging arrangement 9 is an active heat exchanging arrangement, wherein the cooling flange or cooling fins is arranged to also be provided with a coolant medium, meaning that additional cooling can be provided to the heat exchanging arrangement on the housing lid of the on-board charger.

[0062] FIG. 4A schematically shows a front view of a vehicle 11 displaying an on-board charger 3 of the cooling system 1 in a first location. As shown in the picture, the on-board charger 3 is placed in the lower right front part of the vehicle 11, parallel to a grill 12 of the vehicle 11, but separated from the airflow generated through the grill 12. It is also placed right next to an air channel 13 currently used to create an air curtain over a front tire for drag reduction. Normally, a front side 10 of the housing 6 of the on-board charger 3 is oriented forward, perpendicular to the direction of the vehicle ram flow, i.e. the front side 10 faces the direction of the vehicle ram flow. In this embodiment, the on-board charger 3 is oriented such that the front side 10 of the on-board charger 3 is placed parallel to the direction of the vehicle ram flow, i.e. the front side 10 faces the left of the vehicle 11. With this orientation, the front side 10 of the on-board charger 3 now faces the air channel 13 instead of facing forward. As can be seen from the figure, this allows the heat exchanging arrangement 9 to extend into the air channel 13.

[0063] Alternatively, air from the air channel 13 can be diverted over the heat exchanging arrangement 9 to provide cooling to the heat exchanging arrangement 9. In this case, the on-board charger 3 can be oriented with the front side 10 facing forward.

[0064] FIG. 4B schematically shows a side view of a vehicle 11 displaying an on-board charger 3 of the cooling system 1 in a first location. In this figure, it can more clearly be seen how the heat exchanging arrangement 9 interacts with the air channel 13.

[0065] FIG. 4C schematically shows a top view of a vehicle 11 displaying an on-board charger 3 of the cooling system 1 in a first location. In this figure, the orientation of the on-board charger 3 can clearly be seen.

[0066] FIG. 5 schematically shows a front view of a vehicle 11 displaying an on-board charger 3 of the cooling system 1 in a second location. In the second location, the on-board charger 3 is placed adjacent a main radiator 14, i.e. the radiator used for e.g. the air conditioning. An air channel 13 that uses the air that flows past the main radiator 14 is provided to direct air over the on-board charger 3. In the example of FIG. 5, the on-board charger 3 is facing forward, with the front side 10 perpendicular to the ram airflow direction. It is also possible in this second location to orient the on-board charger 3 such that the front side 10 is parallel to the ram airflow direction.

[0067] FIG. 6 schematically shows a top view of a vehicle 11 displaying an on-board charger 3 of the cooling system 1 in a third location. In this location, the on-board charger 3 is located under a lower engine under shield 15, sometimes called lower engine splash shield. This means that the on-board charger 3 is placed between the engine and the lower engine under shield 15. One or more openings (not shown) in the lower engine under shield 15 can be directed into an air channel 13 that directs air past the on-board charger 3. Alternatively, the on-board charger 3 can be situated close to the openings such that no air channel 13 is required.

[0068] In all three positions described above, the airflow going over the on-board charger will not be directly affected by warm air from the main cooling system or from the engine compartment and will therefore be that of ambient temperature. The cooling fluid temperature in the on-board charger will for strained scenarios match that of the requirement for the combined inverter DC/DC converter or electric motor, i.e. 65-75° C. A high temperature delta between the ambient air and the cooling fluid can therefore be expected.

[0069] FIG. 7 schematically shows a cooling system 1 according to a second embodiment of the disclosure. In this embodiment, the on-board charger 3 is placed between the cooling system radiator 2 and the vehicle components 4. In this way, the total cooling power of the cooling system 1 can be increased further.

[0070] FIG. 8 schematically shows the vehicle 11 comprising a cooling system 1 according to the disclosure.

[0071] Although the disclosure has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and the disclosure is not limited to the disclosed example embodiments.

REFERENCES

[0072] 1. Cooling system [0073] 2. Cooling system radiator [0074] 3. On-board charger [0075] a. Internal cooling ducts [0076] 4. Vehicle component [0077] a. Combined inverter and DC/DC converter [0078] b. Electric motor [0079] 5. Cooling fluid pump [0080] 6. Housing [0081] 7. Housing lid [0082] 8. Connections [0083] 9. Heat exchanging arrangement [0084] 10. Front side [0085] 11. Vehicle [0086] 12. Grill [0087] 13. Air channel [0088] 14. Main radiator [0089] 15. Lower engine under shield