Insulating monolithic refractory material

Abstract

An insulating monolithic refractory material having sufficient curing strength and usable time ensured and exhibiting excellent stability at high temperature. The insulating monolithic refractory material comprises a binder and a refractory raw material; a bulk specific gravity thereof is 0.8 to 1.8 when a kneaded mixture of the insulating monolithic refractory material with water is cured at normal temperature for 24 hours and then dried at 110 C. for 24 hours; the binder comprises a calcium aluminate cement including CaO and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as chemical components and a strontium aluminate cement including SrO and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as chemical components; and on the basis of 100% by mass as a total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material, a content of the strontium aluminate cement is 2 to 10% by mass, and a content of CaO derived from the calcium aluminate cement is 1 to 12% by mass.

Claims

1. An insulating monolithic refractory material, wherein the insulating monolithic refractory material comprises a binder and a refractory raw material; a bulk specific gravity of the insulating monolithic refractory material is in a range of 0.8 to 1.8 both inclusive when a kneaded mixture of the insulating monolithic refractory material with water is cured at normal temperature for 24 hours and then dried at 110 C. for 24 hours; the binder comprises a calcium aluminate cement including CaO and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as chemical components and a strontium aluminate cement including SrO and Al.sub.2O.sub.3 as chemical components; and on the basis of 100% by mass as a total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material, a content of the strontium aluminate cement is in a range of 2 to 10% by mass both inclusive, and a content of CaO derived from the calcium aluminate cement is in a range of 1 to 12% by mass both inclusive.

2. The insulating monolithic refractory material according to claim 1, wherein on the basis of 100% by mass as the total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material, a content of an SiO.sub.2 component is 1% or less by mass.

3. The insulating monolithic refractory material according to claim 1, wherein on the basis of 100% by mass as the total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material, water is added to the insulating monolithic refractory material, the amount of which is in the range of 20 to 70% by mass both inclusive by outer percentage.

4. The insulating monolithic refractory material according to claim 2, wherein on the basis of 100% by mass as the total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material, water is added to the insulating monolithic refractory material, the amount of which is in the range of 20 to 70% by mass both inclusive by outer percentage.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(1) The insulating monolithic refractory material of the present invention is characterized by that the insulating monolithic refractory material comprises a binder and a refractory raw material, and a bulk specific gravity thereof is in a range of 0.8 to 1.8 both inclusive when a kneaded mixture of the insulating monolithic refractory material with water is cured at normal temperature for 24 hours and then dried at 110 C. for 24 hours. As can be seen above, in the insulating monolithic refractory material of the present invention, the insulating property, the presupposition of the present invention, is specified through bulk specific gravity.

(2) In the insulating monolithic refractory material of the present invention, because a low bulk specific gravity with the range as specified above is the presupposition, a so-called lightweight aggregate is mainly used as the refractory raw material. Illustrative example of the lightweight aggregate includes a lightweight aggregate having a hollow inside the particle thereof (hollow alumina and hollow spinel) and a porous lightweight aggregate having many pores in the aggregate (porous alumina, porous spinel, and CA6 lightweight aggregate). Together with these lightweight aggregates, usual refractory materials such as a sintered alumina, a fused alumina, a calcined alumina, a fused spinel, and a siliceous raw material may also be used.

(3) As to the binder, the alumina cement and the strontium cement are used. As to the alumina cement, the alumina cement containing any mineral selected from CaO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3, CaO.2Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and 12CaO.7Al.sub.2O.sub.3 may be used. There are several alumina cements, i.e., the alumina cement having the CaO content of less than 22%, the alumina cement having the CaO content of 22% or more to less than 30%, and the alumina cement having the CaO content of 30% or more to less than 40%; and these may be used singly or as a mixture of them. Meanwhile, the alumina cement having the CaO content of 30% or less may be preferably used.

(4) As to the strontium cement, one kind or a combination of two or more kinds of the strontium cements containing minerals described in the before-mentioned Patent Documents 1 to 3 may be used; illustrative example thereof shown in it includes SrAl.sub.2O.sub.4, SrO.Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SrO.2Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SrO.6Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and Ca.sub.xSr.sub.1-xAl.sub.2O.sub.4.

(5) The blending amount of the strontium cement is in the range of 2 to 10% by mass both inclusive on the basis of 100% by mass as the total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material. If the blending amount of the strontium cement is less than 2% by mass, the curing strength cannot be ensured. If the blending amount of the strontium cement is more than 10% by mass, the usable time cannot be ensured. The blending amount of the strontium cement is preferably in the range of 3 to 7% by mass both inclusive.

(6) In the present invention, the content of CaO derived from the alumina cement is in the range of 1 to 12% by mass both inclusive on the basis of 100% by mass as the total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material. If the content of CaO derived from the alumina cement is less than 1% by mass, the curing strength cannot be ensured. If one would like to ensure the curing strength, the strontium cement needs to be blended with the amount of more than 10% by mass, the upper limit of the blending amount thereof; but with this amount, the usable time cannot be ensured. On the other hand, if the content of CaO derived from the alumina cement is more than 12% by mass, the expansion at high temperature becomes too large. The content of CaO derived from the alumina cement is preferably in the range of 4 to 9% by mass both inclusive.

(7) Meanwhile, besides the binders and the refractory raw materials mentioned above, other raw materials may be arbitrarily added; illustrative example of these materials includes dispersants such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylphosphate, polycarboxylic acid, polyether, sodium naphthalenesulfonate, and sodium ligninsulfonate; curing controllers such as boric acid, citric acid, slaked lime, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate, and lithium phosphate; a blowing agent, a foaming agent, a thickener, an organic fiber, and a flowability controlling agent.

(8) Amount of water to be added at the time of kneading may be determined in accordance with the method of the construction work. Specifically, the amount of water is in the range of 20 to 70% by mass both inclusive by outer percentage on the basis of 100% by mass as the total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material. If the amount of water is less than 20% by mass, not only the bulk specific gravity is prone to be 1.8 or more but also a sufficient flowability cannot be obtained, whereby leading to an unsatisfactory construction work. On the other hand, if the amount of water is more than 70% by mass, a sufficient curing strength may not be ensured.

(9) In the insulating monolithic refractory material of the present invention, in order to ensure the sufficient FeO resistance, the amount of the SiO.sub.2 component is preferably 1% or less by mass on the basis of 100% by mass as the total mass of the binder and the refractory raw material.

EXAMPLES

(10) Each of the insulating monolithic refractory materials of Examples shown in Table 1 was evaluated with regard to the usable time, the bulk specific gravity, the curing flexural strength, the maximum value of the expansion rate up to 1500 C., and the FeO resistance; and on the basis of these evaluations, the comprehensive evaluation was made.

(11) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 C. C. C. C. C. C. Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple ple 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 Refractory CA6 50 50 50 50 46 50 50 50 65 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 40 50 50 raw lightweight material aggregate Hollow 50 spinel Fumed 0.8 1.8 silica Sintered 15 15 15 34 0 15 14.2 13.2 15 15 15 25 12 8 15 38 15 15 alumina Binder Alumina 30 33 25 6 20 30 30 30 30 32 28 20 30 34 2 35 cement (Cement A) Alumina 44 10 33 50 cement (Cement B) Strontium 5 2 10 10 10 5 5 5 5 5 3 7 5 5 12 1 10 10 35 cement Chemical CaO 5 6 5 1 12 6 5 5 5 5 6 5 4 9 5 6 0.4 14 6 0 component derived from alumina cement SiO2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.0 2.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Evaluation Water added 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 20 70 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 (% by mass) Usable time (min) 180 360 100 110 90 180 180 180 130 200 300 130 180 200 80 400 110 90 480 20 Bulk specific gravity 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.5 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.2 Curing flexural strength 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.7 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.8 (MPa) Maximum expansion 1.0 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.3 0.8 rate up to 1500 C. (%) FeO resistance Comprehensive X X X X X X evaluation

(12) In addition to the binders and the refractory raw materials as shown in Table 1 with the total mass of 100%, the insulating monolithic refractory material of each Example used a polycarboxylic acid as the dispersant. To this insulating monolithic refractory material was added water the amount of which is shown in each Example by the outer percentage relative to 100% by mass as the total mass of the binders and the refractory raw materials. After the resulting mixture was kneaded, it was subjected to the above-mentioned evaluations. In each Example, a CA6 lightweight aggregate or a hollow spinel was used as the lightweight aggregate, and a fumed silica was used as the siliceous raw material, and a sintered alumina was used as the aluminous raw material. As to the alumina cement, Cement A which is the alumina cement containing 18% of CaO, or Cement B which is the alumina cement containing 27% of CaO, was used.

(13) The usable time is the time starting from when the kneaded mixture is allowed to stand in a plastic bag at 20 C. until the time when the free flow value thereof becomes less than 150 mm. In view of a longer time for a construction work as compared with a usual pouring-type monolithic refractory material, the acceptance criterion was set at the time when the usable time was 90 minutes or more.

(14) The bulk specific gravity was measured in accordance with JIS R 2205 with regard to the sample that was obtained by curing the kneaded mixture in an atmospheric temperature (normal temperature) of 20 C. for 24 hours followed by drying at 110 C. for 24 hours. The bulk specific gravity is an indicator of the insulating property; so, in the present invention, the presupposition thereof is set in the range of 0.8 to 1.8 both inclusive.

(15) If the bulk specific gravity is less than 0.8, the amount of the lightweight aggregate increases, which leads to an increase in the addition amount of water even if the strontium cement with the amount of 10% is added; therefore, in this case, the curing strength of 1.0 MPa cannot be ensured. On the other hand, if the bulk specific gravity is more than 1.8, the insulating function is insufficient.

(16) The curing flexural strength is the flexural strength measured with regard to the sample that was obtained by curing the kneaded mixture at the atmospheric temperature of 20 C. for 24 hours. If the curing flexural strength is less than 1.0 MPa, exfoliation occurs when a frame is removed; and thus, the acceptance criterion was set at the curing flexural strength of 1.0 MPa or more.

(17) The maximum value of the expansion rate up to 1500 C. was measured as follows. The kneaded mixture was cured at the atmospheric temperature of 20 C. for 24 hours and then dried at 350 C. for 24 hours. Then, the expansion rate of the sample thus obtained was measured with heating it to 1500 C.; and the maximum value of the expansion rate measured during this process was evaluated. If the maximum value of the expansion rate up to 1500 C. is more than 1.3%, the structure deterioration due to expansion takes place; and thus, the acceptance criterion was set at 1.3% or less as the maximum value of the expansion rate.

(18) The FeO resistance was measured as follows. The kneaded mixture was cast into the hole (diameter of 35 mm and depth of 35 mm) formed in the center of the crucible form (85 mm85 mm80 mm). After the sample that was cast in the crucible form was cured at the atmospheric temperature of 20 C. for 24 hours, the frame was removed, and then, the sample was dried at 110 C. for 24 hours. Then, after 40 g of iron oxide was put into the crucible form, they were burned at 1500 C. for 5 hours; and then, the size of the sample corroded by the iron oxide was measured. With this measurement, when the corrosion depth was less than 1 mm, it was judged to be excellent (), when the corrosion depth was in the range of 1 mm or more to less than 1.5 mm, it was judged to be good (), and when the corrosion depth was 1.5 mm or more, it was judged to be unacceptable (x).

(19) The comprehensive evaluation was made as follows. When all the acceptance criteria in the evaluations mentioned above were satisfied, and if the FeO resistance was excellent, it was marked with , but if the FeO resistance was good, it was marked with . If any one of the criteria was not satisfied, it was marked with x.

(20) Meanwhile, each of the chemical components shown in Table 1 is expressed as the content on the basis of 100% by mass as the total mass of the binders and the refractory raw materials.

(21) All the insulating monolithic refractory materials of Examples 1 to 7 and 9 to 14 are within the range of the present invention; so, their comprehensive evaluations are all . Example 8 is the example in which the content of the SiO.sub.2 component is 2.0% by mass. In this example, the FeO resistance is somewhat lower than those of other Examples in which the content of the SiO.sub.2 component is 1.0% or less by mass; and thus, the comprehensive evaluation thereof is . From this, to ensure the sufficient FeO resistance, it can be said that the content of the SiO.sub.2 component is preferably 1.0% or less by mass.

(22) Comparative Example 1 is the example in which the blending amount of the strontium cement is more than the upper limit of the present invention, so that the sufficient usable time could not be obtained. On the other hand, Comparative Example 2 is the example in which the blending amount of the strontium cement is less than the lower limit of the present invention, so that the curing strength of more than 1.0 MPa could not be obtained.

(23) Comparative Example 3 is the example in which the content of CaO derived from the alumina cement is less than the lower limit of the present invention. In this example, the sufficient curing flexural strength could not be obtained. On the other hand, Comparative Example 4 is the example in which the content of CaO derived from the alumina cement is more than the upper limit of the present invention. In this example, the maximum value of the expansion rate up to 1500 C. was more than 1.3%.

(24) Comparative Example 5 is the example in which only the alumina cement was used as the binder. In this example, the sufficient curing flexural strength could not be obtained. On the other hand, Comparative Example 6 is the example in which only the strontium cement was used as the binder. In this example, the usable time was remarkably short.