Abstract
A grating for use as shelves for pallet racks or heavy-duty racks, having two longitudinal sides and cross members fitted between the longitudinal sides. The, longitudinal sides are in the shape of a profile in cross section. The profile includes at least a first leg and a second leg arranged substantially orthogonal to the first leg. At least two of the cross members have an open profile, in particular a U- or L-shaped profile in cross section, the open end of which is oriented towards the underside of the grating. Each of these cross members has at least two punched recesses at each end. The first leg of the profile is arranged in each punched recess and is firmly connected thereto via a form- or force-fitting connection method. The first leg of the profile has at least one deformation.
Claims
1-17. (canceled)
18. A grating (1), in particular for use as shelves for pallet racks or heavy-duty racks, having two longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) and cross members (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 3i, 3j) arranged between the longitudinal sides (2a, 2b), wherein the longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) have a cross section in the shape of a profile (Z1-Z3; L1, L2), wherein the profile comprises at least a first leg (Z1; L1) and a second leg (Z3; L2), which is substantially orthogonal to said first leg (Z1; L1), wherein at least two of the cross members have a cross section in the shape of a U or V profile, the open end of which is oriented towards the underside (U) of the grating (1), wherein each of these cross members has at least two punched recesses (4a, 4b) at each end (E1, E2), in each of which the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1: L2) is arranged and firmly connected to by means of a connection method, wherein the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1; L2) is inserted or pressed into each of the punched recesses, thereby vertical fixation of the profile with the cross member is achieved, and wherein the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1; L2) has at least one deformation (V1; V2), which is configured as an impression, thereby horizontal fixation of the plug-in or press-fit connection of the cross member with the profile is achieved.
19. A grating (1), in particular for use as shelves for pallet racks or heavy-duty racks, having two longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) and cross members (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 3i, 3j) arranged between the longitudinal sides (2a, 2b), wherein the longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) have a cross section in the shape of a profile (Z1-Z3; L1, L2), wherein the profile comprises at least a first leg (Z1; L1) and a second leg (Z3; L2), which is substantially orthogonal to said first leg (Z1; L1), wherein at least two of the cross members have a cross section in the shape of an L profile, at least one of the open sides being oriented towards the underside (U) of the grating (1), wherein each of these cross members has a punched recess (4c) at each end (E1, E2), in which the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1: L2) is arranged and firmly connected to by means of a connection method, wherein the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1; L2) is inserted or pressed into the punched recess, thereby vertical fixation of the profile with the cross member is achieved, and wherein the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1; L2) has at least one deformation (V1; V2), which is configured as an impression, thereby horizontal fixation of the plug-in- or press-fit connection of the cross member with the profile is achieved.
20. The grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein the profile (Z1-Z3; L1, L2) is configured as a Z profile (Z1-Z3) or as an L profile (L1; L2), the Z profile comprising a second leg (Z2), which is substantially parallel to the first leg (Z1), and a connecting part (Z3) that connects the first and second legs, and the L-profile comprising a first leg (L1) and a second leg (L2), which is substantially orthogonal to the first leg (L1).
21. Grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein the first leg (Z1; Z2) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1, L2) has at least two deformations (V1, V2), the two deformations (V1, V2) being located one on each side of, either near or directly beside, the plug-in or press-fit connection so that the plug-in or press-fit connection between the cross member and the profile is fixed horizontally on both sides.
22. The grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1, L2) has at least one additional deformation (V3), which is created prior to connection with the cross members and over which the cross member is inserted or pushed in.
23. The grating (1) according to claim 22, wherein the additional deformation (V3) is an impression.
24. The grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1, L2) has at least one tongue (5a, 5b), which is oriented towards the cross member, in the area bordering on the second leg (Z2; L2).
25. The grating (1) according to claim 24, wherein at least two tongues (5a, 5b) are provided, which are oriented towards the cross member.
26. The grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein all the cross members (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g) have a cross section in the shape of an open profile, the open side of which is oriented towards the underside (U) of the grating (1).
27. The grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein the grating (1) comprises steel, preferably pre-galvanized steel, stainless steel or aluminium.
28. The grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein the ratio of the load-carrying capacity of the grating (1) to the dead weight of the grating (1) is in the range from 10 to 200.
29. The grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein at least 70% of the surface area covered by the grating (1) is configured as free projection area.
30. The grating (1) according to claim 18, wherein at least one punched recess (4a; 4b; 4a, 4b) at each end (E1; E2) of the cross member has an entry contour with at least one chicane, thereby enabling centered insertion and force- or form-fitting connection of the first leg (Z1; L1) of the profile (Z1-Z3; L1, L2) with the cross member.
31. The grating (1) according to claim 30, wherein the at least one punched recess (4a; 4b; 4a, 4b) at each end (E1; E2) of the cross member is configured in the form of a wedge.
Description
[0042] Illustrative embodiments of the invention, which is not limited to these, are explained below in more detail by reference to drawings. The drawing in
[0043] FIG. 1 shows the grating of the invention as seen from above, where the longitudinal sides have a cross section in the shape of a Z profile;
[0044] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the grating of the invention, where the longitudinal sides have a cross section in the shape of an L profile;
[0045] FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of the perspective view of FIG. 2, where an L profile has been arranged in the punched recesses of a cross member;
[0046] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a U-shaped cross member of the grating according to the invention, with punched recesses at each end;
[0047] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of an enlarged detail of the U-shaped cross member of
[0048] FIG. 4, with a wedge-shaped punched recess at the enlarged end;
[0049] FIG. 6 shows a side view of an enlarged detail of the U-shaped cross member of FIG. 4, with a wedge-shaped punched recess at the enlarged end;
[0050] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a longitudinal side of the grating according to the invention, where the longitudinal side has a cross section in the shape of an L profile and has deformations;
[0051] FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of an enlarged detail of the longitudinal side of FIG. 7, where the longitudinal side has a cross section in the shape of an L profile and has deformations;
[0052] FIG. 9 shows a detail of the grating according to the invention, where a Z profile is illustrated that has not yet been mounted in the punched recess of a cross member;
[0053] FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of the cross member, where the cross member has a cross section in the shape of a U profile with two punched recesses;
[0054] FIG. 11a and FIG. 11b show a side view and a detailed view, respectively, of a further illustrative embodiment of a grating according to the invention;
[0055] FIG. 12a and FIG. 12b show a perspective view and a detailed view, respectively, of one of the longitudinal sides of the grating of the further illustrative embodiment after the joining process.
[0056] FIG. 1 shows the grating (1) of the invention as seen from above, with its two longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) and, fitted between the longitudinal sides (2a, 2b), cross members (3a-3g). The longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) have a cross section in the shape of a Z profile, the Z profile comprising a first leg (Z1), a second leg (Z2), which is substantially parallel to said first leg, and a connecting part that connects the first and second legs. The cross members (3a-3g) have a cross section in the shape of an openhere U- or L-shapedprofile, whose at least one open side is oriented towards the underside of the grating (1).
[0057] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the grating (1) of the invention, with its two longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) and, fitted between the longitudinal sides (2a, 2b), cross members (3a-3j). The longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) have a cross section in the shape of an L profile, the L profile comprising a first leg (L1) and a second leg (L2), which is substantially orthogonal to the first leg (L1). The cross members (3a-3j) have a cross section in the shape of an openhere U-shapedprofile, the open end of which is oriented towards the underside (U) of the grating (1).
[0058] FIG. 3 shows an enlarged perspective view of the connection between a cross member (3b) and a longitudinal side (2a), the cross-section of which has the shape of an L profile. As shown, the first leg (L1) of the L profile has been inserted or pressed into the punched recesses at one end (E1) of the cross member. Since the cross member (3b) has a U-shaped cross section, with the open end of the U facing downwards, the cross member has two punched recesses at each end. The punched recesses preferably have a shicane and/or are of wedge-shaped configuration. Vertical fixation of the components (cross member and longitudinal side) relative to one another is achieved by inserting or pressing the first leg (L1) of the L profile into the punched recesses of the cross member (3b). The subsequent creation of deformations (V) in the first leg (L1) of the profile, for example to the right and to the left of the cross member, prevents any horizontal shifting of the components relative to one another. This subsequent deformation of the first leg (L1) also wedges it vertically within the punched recess, preventing the first leg (L1) from being pulled out of the punched recesses in the cross member.
[0059] FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a cross member with a U-shaped cross section, which has at least two punched recesses at each end (E1, E2). Provision is made for at least one (4a) of the punched recesses at each end (E1, E2) to be of wedge-shaped configuration.
[0060] FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of an enlarged detail of the U-shaped cross member of FIG. 4, with a wedge-shaped punched recess (4a) at the enlarged end (E1);
[0061] FIG. 6 shows a side view of an enlarged detail of the U-shaped cross member of FIG. 4, with a wedge-shaped punched recess (4a) at the enlarged end (E1);
[0062] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a longitudinal side, which is configured as an L profile (L1, L2) and has deformations (V). The deformations (V) may be introduced into the longitudinal side either before or after connection with the cross member.
[0063] FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of an enlarged detail of the longitudinal side (2a) of FIG. 7, which is configured as an L profile and has deformations (V).
[0064] FIG. 9 shows an exploded 2-D view of a connection in the grating. As shown, the longitudinal sides (2b) have a cross section in the shape of a Z profile (Z1-Z3), the Z profile (Z1-Z3) comprising a first leg (Z1), a second leg (Z2), which is substantially parallel to said first leg (Z1), and a connecting part (Z3) that connects the first and second legs. At the end of the cross member (3c) a punched recess (4a) is shown, into which the first leg (Z1) of the Z profile (Z1-Z3) is arranged. As shown, the punched recess has an entry contour with at least one chicane, thereby enabling centred insertion and force- and/or form-fitting connection of the first leg (Z1) of the Z profile (Z1-Z3) with the cross member.
[0065] FIG. 10 shows a U profile, open end down, at one end of an exemplary cross member (3c). As shown, the cross member (3c) has two punched recesses (4a, 4b) at one end, in each of which (4a, 4b) the first leg of a Z profile can be arranged and firmly connected to by way of a connection method.
[0066] FIGS. 11a and 11b show a further illustrative embodiment of a grating (1) according to the invention. Particularly in the case of long cross members, it is necessary, in addition to fixation against horizontal and vertical displacement, to define a third degree of freedom at the connection point. If the cross members show a fairly extensive linear expansion, such high torques are createdeven under low expenditures of forceas to cause parallel displacement of the L profiles (L1, L2) of the longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) and consequently to transform the basic shape of the grating (1), which, ideally, is rectangular, into the shape of a parallelogram. To prevent this happening, provision is made for an additional support point in the contact area between the L profile (L1) and the cross member, this support point being able to statically absorb the torque originating in the plane of the connecting leg. A concrete manufacturing solution is achieved, as shown in FIGS. 11a, 11b, 12a and 12b, by punching the L profiles (L1) of the longitudinal sides (2a, 2b) at a location as far away as possible from the first support point, which is formed by the deformation(s) (V) directly beside the press-fit connection. In the subsequent process, two tongues (5a, 5b) are formed from the punched-in area, which, thanks to their being in direct contact with the inner side of the cross member, are able to take up the torque and increase the overall stability of the grating (1).
[0067] In order that the deformation(s) (V) beside the press-fit connection and also the punching step for formation of the tongues (5a, 5b) can be performed in a single joining process, the punched recess (4a, 4b) in the cross member is not oriented downwards relative to the post-assembly position of the grating (1) (as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6), but upwards. A downwardly operating stamping and punching tool can now generate all the material deformations simultaneously, since now all the parts to be joined during the joining process can be turned by 180 relative to the post-assembly position of the grating (1). As a measure to improve the joint, a third deformation (V3) is introduced between the bars of the cross member in addition to the deformations (V1, V2) on either side thereof.
[0068] The general part of the description may be referred to in respect of further features not shown in the drawings.
[0069] To conclude, it is pointed out that the teaching of the invention is not limited to the illustrative embodiments described above. On the contrary, a wide range of configurations is possible for the longitudinal sides and the cross members, as too are different numbers of cross members, different profiles and different shapes.
