EXTENDED-TYPE SUBSOILING SMASH-RIDGING MACHINE AND SUBSOILING SMASH-RIDGING MACHINE

Abstract

The invention discloses an extended type subsoiling smash-ridging machine, comprising a machine body, a smash-ridging device, a connection device, a ditching device, a flattening device and a straw returning device, wherein the smash-ridging device comprises a smash-ridging box comprising a bottom plate, side plates and a top plate, lower bearing seats are mounted in the bottom plate, rib plates are welded between the lower bearing seats, lubricating oil passages are formed between rib plates and the bottom plate, an upper bearing seats are mounted on the top plate and the length of each lower bearing seat is larger than that of each upper bearing seat. By adopting the structure, the invention improves the strength of the lower bearing seats and the rigidity and transmission stability of a transmission shaft; it also facilitates the welding of the rib plates and ensures that lubricating oil smoothly flows within the smash-ridging box.

Claims

1. A subsoiling device comprising a smash-ridging box, in which at least one transmission shaft is arranged, one end of each transmission shaft extends out of the smash-ridging box, the extend-out end of the transmission shaft is connected with a spiral drill rod; the spiral drill rod comprises a rod body, a spiral piece wound rotatably on the rod body and blades which are mounted on the spiral piece; characterized in that, the number of blades in different pitches on the same spiral piece is different; the blade comprises a fixing section and a blade body, which is formed by bending upwards or inclined upwards from the outer end of the fixing section, and the fixing section is fixed on the spiral piece through a bolt assembly; the blade has a soil-cutting edge and a knife back, the soil-cutting edge is located in opposite direction to the spiral direction of the spiral piece, and the knife back is arranged opposite to the soil-cutting edge; the lower end of the spiral piece is fixed with a first soil-piercing blade; the first soil-piercing blade comprises a first connection section and a first cutting edge, the first connection section is connected to the lower end of the spiral piece, the lower surface of the first cutting edge has an inclined plane so that the first cutting edge is in wedge-shape, the upper surface of the first cutting edge has an accommodation groove, in which a first alloy sheet is embedded, the first soil-piercing blade extends slantingly downwards, and the lower end of the first soil-piercing blade is below the bottom surface of the rod body; at least one second soil-piercing blades are connected to the lower end of the rod body, the second soil-piercing blade comprises a second connection section and a second cutting edge, the second connection section is connected to the rod body, the lower surface of the second cutting edge has an inclined plane so that the second cutting edge is in wedge-shape, the upper surface of the second cutting edge has an accommodation groove, in which an second alloy sheet is embedded, the second soil-piercing blade extends slantingly downwards, the lower end of the second soil-piercing blade is below the bottom surface of the rod body, the direction to which the second cutting edge extends from the second connection section is consistent with the opposite rotation direction of the spiral pieces; at least two plug-in seats extending radially are fixed at the upper part of the rod body, are staggered in the axial direction of the rod body and have a plug-in trough in which a smash-flattening blade is plugged, the smash-flattening blade comprises a plug-in section, a first bending part and a second bending part, the first bending part extends from the outer end of the plug-in section to the same direction as the rotation direction of the spiral pieces, the second bending part extends downwards from the first bending part, and a smashing edge is arranged at the outer side of the smash-flattening blade.

2. The subsoiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the number of blades in different pitches on the same spiral piece is decreased sequentially from bottom to top.

3. The subsoiling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the decrement in the number of blades in adjacent pitches is one.

4. The subsoiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the number of the blades on the different spiral pieces is different.

5. The subsoiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, an arc is formed by protruding outwards the middle of the soil-cutting edge.

6. The subsoiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper surface of the soil-cutting edge is an inclined plane so that the soil-cutting edge is in wedge-shape and a first rid strip extending along the soil-cutting edge is arranged at the lower surface of the soil-cutting edge.

7. The subsoiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bolt assembly comprise a bolt and a nut, wherein the bolt passes through the spiral pieces and the fixing section from top to bottom and the lower end of the bolt is in threaded connection with the cap for pressing tightly the blade; the cap comprises a nut and a round head which is integrated with the nut and of which the outer surface is provided with a carburized layer.

8. The subsoiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, rib plates are welded between the second soil-piercing blade and the rod body.

9. The subsoiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a second rid strip extending along the smashing edge is arranged at the position corresponding to the smashing edge on the smash-flattening blade.

10. The subsoiling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first soil-piercing blade has the same angle of inclination as that of the second soil-piercing blade.

11. A subsoiling cutter comprising a rod body, wherein a spiral piece is wound rotatably and fixed on the middle-lower part of the rod body, blades are mounted on the spiral piece, a first soil-piercing blade is fixed on the lower end of the spiral piece; characterized in that, the lower end of the rod body is connected with at least one second soil-piercing blades.

12. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 11, characterized in that, the first soil-piercing blade and the second soil-piercing blades are evenly distributed on the circumference.

13. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 11, characterized in that, the soil-piercing blade comprises a first connection section and a first edge, the first connection section is connected to the lower end of the spiral piece, the lower surface of the first edge has an inclined plane so that the first edge is in wedge-shape, the first soil-piercing blade extends downwardly and slantly and the lower end of the first soil-piercing blade is lower than the bottom surface of the rod body; each second soil-piercing blade comprises a second connection section and a second edge, wherein the second connection section is connected to the rod body, the lower surface of the second edge has an inclined plane so that the second edge is in wedge-shape, the second soil-piercing blade extends downwardly and slantly, the lower end of the second soil-piercing blade is lower than the bottom surface of the rod body and the second edge extends from the second connection section in a direction consistent with the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the spiral piece.

14. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 13, characterized in that, an accommodation groove in which a first alloy sheet is embedded is formed in the upper surface of the first edge; and an accommodation groove in which a second alloy sheet is embedded is formed in the upper surface of the second edge.

15. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 11, characterized in that, at least two plug-in seats extending radially are fixed on the upper part of the rod body, are staggered in the axial direction of the rod body and have a plug-in trough in which a smash-flattening blade is plugged, the smash-flattening blade comprises a plug-in section, a first bending part and a second bending part, the first bending part extends from the outer end of the plug-in section to the same direction as the rotation direction of the spiral pieces, the second bending part extends downwards from the first bending part, and a smashing edge is arranged at the outer side of the smash-flattening blade.

16. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 11, characterized in that, the blade is provided with a soil-cutting edge and an arc is formed by protruding outwards the middle of the soil-cutting edge.

17. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 16, characterized in that, the upper surface of the soil-cutting edge is an inclined plane so that the soil-cutting edge is in wedge-shape and a first rid strip extending along the soil-cutting edge is arranged at the lower surface of the soil-cutting edge.

18. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 11, characterized in that, the blade is fixed on the spiral piece via a bolt assembly; the bolt assembly comprise a bolt and a nut, the bolt passes through the spiral pieces and the fixing section from top to bottom and the lower end of the bolt is in threaded connection with the cap for pressing tightly the blade; the cap comprises a nut and a round head which is integrated with the nut and of which the outer surface is provided with a carburized layer.

19. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 11, characterized in that, rib plates are welded between the second soil-piercing blade and the rod body.

20. The subsoiling cutter according to claim 15, characterized in that, a second rid strip extending along the smashing edge is arranged at the position corresponding to the smashing edge on the smash-flattening blade.

21. A spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation, comprising a rod body and a spiral piece which is wound on the lower part of the rod body, characterized in that, it further comprises a cross-cutting blade, which is arranged on the upper section of the rod body and located above the spiral piece.

22. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation according to claim 21, characterized in that, the cross-cutting blade comprises a connection sleeve and a cross-cutting blade body which are integrally-formed, wherein the connection sleeve sleeves the upper part of the rod body and the cross-cutting blade body is connected longitudinally to the side wall of the connection sleeve.

23. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation according to claim 22, characterized in that, the number of the cross-cutting blade body is at least two and the at least two cross-cutting blade body is evenly arranged at the side wall of the connection sleeve.

24. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation according to claim 22, characterized in that, a nose, which is triangular, is arranged at the outer end of each cross-cutting blade body.

25. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation according to claim 21, characterized in that, the spiral drill bit further comprises blades which are arranged at the circumferential edge of the spiral piece.

26. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation according to claim 25, characterized in that, the number of the blades are at least two and the at least two blades are arranged along the direction of rotation of the spiral piece at intervals.

27. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation according to claim 25, characterized in that, each blade comprises a blade body and a fixing section formed by bending and extending horizontally the bottom of the blade body, the fixing section is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the spiral piece and the blade body faces towards the top end of the rod body.

28. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation according to claim 27, characterized in that, the blade body is connected with the fixing section to constitute an included angle of 90 degrees-120 degrees.

29. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation according to claim 21, characterized in that, a drill tip is arranged at the bottom end of the rod body and is in an inverted triangle.

30. A spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine which is convenient for piercing soil, which comprises a rod body and a spiral piece which is wound on the lower part of the rod body, characterized in that, it further comprises a first soil-piercing blade, which is arranged on the tail part of the spiral piece and located at the lower surface of the spiral piece.

31. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine which is convenient for piercing soil according to claim 30, characterized in that, the first soil-piercing blade comprises a first soil-piercing blade body and a first soil-piercing blade fixing section formed by bending and extending horizontally the bottom of the first soil-piercing blade body, the first soil-piercing blade fixing section is connected to the lower surface of the spiral piece and the first soil-piercing blade body faces towards the bottom of the rod body.

32. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine which is convenient for piercing soil according to claim 31, characterized in that, the first soil-piercing blade body is connected with the first soil-piercing blade fixing section to constitute an included angle of 120 degrees-150 degrees.

33. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine which is convenient for piercing soil according to claim 30, characterized in that, the spiral drill bit further comprises blades which are arranged at the circumferential edge of the spiral piece.

34. The subsoiling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the number of the blades on the different spiral pieces is different.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0175] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an extended type subsoiling smash-ridging machine according to embodiment 1.

[0176] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the extended type subsoiling smash-ridging machine according to embodiment 1.

[0177] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a walking mechanism and a chassis.

[0178] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another perspective of the walking mechanism and the chassis.

[0179] FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the walking mechanism and chassis.

[0180] FIG. 6 is a side schematic view of the walking mechanism and chassis.

[0181] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a wheel stand and a chassis.

[0182] FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another perspective of the wheel stand and chassis.

[0183] FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a smash-ridging device.

[0184] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another perspective of the smash-ridging device.

[0185] FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the smash-ridging device.

[0186] FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the smash-ridging device.

[0187] FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the smash-ridging device.

[0188] FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a bottom plate and a lower bearing seat.

[0189] FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a top plate and an upper bearing seat.

[0190] FIG. 16 is a schematic view of one of side plates.

[0191] FIG. 17 is a schematic view of another perspective of one of side plates.

[0192] FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a smash-ridging device mounted with conical bearings with the driving mechanism and the spiral drill rod removal.

[0193] FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the connection between a transmission shaft and a flange.

[0194] FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the connection device according to embodiment 1.

[0195] FIG. 21 is an exploded view of the connection device according to embodiment 1.

[0196] FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a smash-ridging device, a ditching device and a flattening device.

[0197] FIG. 23 is a partial schematic view of a ditching device.

[0198] FIG. 24 is a side schematic view of the partial structure of the ditching device.

[0199] FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a ditching plough and a ditching arm.

[0200] FIG. 26 is a front schematic view of the ditching plough and ditching arm.

[0201] FIG. 27 is a schematic view of the ditching plough.

[0202] FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the smash-ridging box and a flattening device.

[0203] FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the flattening device

[0204] FIG. 30 is a schematic view of a straw returning device.

[0205] FIG. 31 is a schematic view of another perspective of the straw returning device.

[0206] FIG. 32 is a schematic view of an extended type subsoiling smash-ridging machine according to embodiment 2.

[0207] FIG. 33 is a schematic view of a connection device and a smash-ridging device according to embodiment 2.

[0208] FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the connection device according to embodiment 2.

[0209] FIG. 35 is a schematic view of a walking mechanism for preventing a lower guide wheel from falling off.

[0210] FIG. 36 is a three-dimensional view of a walking mechanism for preventing a lower guide wheel from falling off.

[0211] FIG. 37 is a front schematic view of a walking mechanism for preventing a lower guide wheel from falling off.

[0212] FIG. 38 is a schematic view of A-A.

[0213] FIG. 39 is a schematic view of FIG. 38 in which a sliding block is mounted.

[0214] FIG. 40 is a schematic view of a tensioning device.

[0215] FIG. 41 is a schematic view according to embodiment 7.

[0216] FIG. 42 is a schematic view of smash-ridging devices according to embodiments 8 and 9.

[0217] FIG. 43 is a sectional view of smash-ridging devices according to embodiments 8 and 9.

[0218] FIG. 44 is a schematic view showing a connection plate connected with other parts according to embodiments 8 and 9.

[0219] FIG. 45 is a schematic view of side plates according to embodiment 8.

[0220] FIG. 46 is a schematic view of another perspective of the side plates according to embodiment 8.

[0221] FIG. 47 is a schematic view of side plates according to embodiment 9.

[0222] FIG. 48 is a schematic view of another perspective of the side plates according to embodiment 9.

[0223] FIG. 49 is a three-dimensional view of a smash-ridging device according to embodiments 10 and 11.

[0224] FIG. 50 are three-dimensional views of another perspective of the smash-ridging device according to embodiments 10 and 11.

[0225] FIG. 51 is a sectional view of a smash-ridging device according to embodiment 10.

[0226] FIG. 52 are three-dimensional views of a bottom plate and a bearing seat according to embodiment 10.

[0227] FIG. 53 are front schematic views of the bottom plate and bearing seat according to embodiment 10.

[0228] FIG. 54 is a sectional view of a reinforced smash-ridging device.

[0229] FIG. 55 are front schematic views of the bottom plate and a lower bearing seat.

[0230] FIG. 56 are structural schematic views according to embodiments 12-15.

[0231] FIG. 57 are structural schematic views according to embodiments 12-15.

[0232] FIG. 58 are three-dimensional structural schematic views according to embodiments 12-15.

[0233] FIG. 59 is a schematic view of a subsoiling device.

[0234] FIG. 60 is a sectional view of the subsoiling device.

[0235] FIG. 61 is a three-dimensional view of a spiral drill rod or a subsoiling cutter.

[0236] FIG. 62 is a three-dimensional view of another perspective of the spiral drill rod or subsoiling cutter.

[0237] FIG. 63 is an exploded view of the spiral drill rod or subsoiling cutter.

[0238] FIG. 64 is a three-dimensional view of a bolt assembly.

[0239] FIG. 65 is an exploded view of the bolt assembly.

[0240] FIG. 66 is a schematic view showing the locking of a spiral piece and blades using the bolt assembly.

[0241] FIG. 67 is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of a spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation.

[0242] FIG. 68 is a structural exploded schematic view of the spiral drill bit of the subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation.

[0243] FIG. 69 is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of a spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine which is convenient for piercing soil.

[0244] FIG. 70 is a structural exploded schematic view of the spiral drill bit of the subsoiling tillage machine which is convenient for piercing soil.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0245] Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment 1

[0246] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an extended type subsoiling smash-ridging machine comprises a machine body 1, a smash-ridging device 2, a connection device 3, a ditching device 4, a flattening device 5 and a straw returning device 6.

[0247] As shown in FIG. 2, the machine body 1 comprises a walking mechanism 11, a chassis 12, a diesel engine component 13, a hydraulic oil tank 14, a cooler 15 and a driving cab 16.

[0248] As shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 8, the walking mechanism 11 comprises two crawler components arranged opposite to each other, each crawler component comprises a wheel stand 111, a driving wheel 112, a driven wheel 113, a lower guide wheel 114, an upper guide wheel 115, a crawler 116 and a walking drive device.

[0249] As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the wheel stand 111 comprises a wheel stand body 1111 and a wheel stand connection lug 1112. The wheel stand connection lug 1112 is connected to the front end of the wheel stand body 1111. A driven wheel accommodation groove 11111 is formed in the rear end of the wheel stand body 1111 in which a first mounting hole through which the driven wheel accommodation groove 11111 passes is formed; a lower guide wheel accommodation groove 11112 extends upwardly at the bottom surface of the wheel stand body 1111, a second mounting hole through the lower guide wheel accommodation groove 11112 is formed in the wheel stand body 1111, a second boss 11114 is arranged on the exterior side of the wheel stand body 1111 at the position corresponding to the second mounting hole; an upper guide wheel accommodation groove 11113 extends downwardly at the top surface of the wheel stand body 1111, a third mounting hole through the upper guide wheel accommodation groove 11113 is formed in the wheel stand body wheel 1111, and a third boss 11115 is arranged on the exterior side of the wheel stand body 1111 at the position corresponding to the third mounting hole.

[0250] The driving wheel 112 is mounted on the wheel stand connection lug 1112 through a bearing, and the walking drive device is fixed on the wheel stand connection lug 1112; in the embodiment, the walking drive is a hydraulic motor 117 and the driving wheel 112 is driven through the hydraulic motor 117 so that the stepless speed regulation and the large driving force can be achieved.

[0251] A part of the driven wheel 113 is located within the driven wheel accommodation groove 11111, and the driven wheel 113 is mounted by a mounting shaft passing through the first mounting hole.

[0252] A part of the lower guide wheel 114 is located within the lower guide wheel accommodation groove 11112, a lower part of the lower guide wheel 114 protrudes from the wheel stand body 1111, and the lower guide wheel 114 is mounted by a mounting shaft passing through the second mounting hole and second nuts are mounted at both ends of the mounting shaft passing through the second mounting hole and thus the second nuts come in contact with a second boss 11114; due to the arrangement of the second boss 11114, the direct contact between the second nuts and the wheel stand body 1111 can be avoided, on one hand, it is convenient to lock the second nuts so as to improve the locking force, on the other hand, the strength and service life of the wheel stand body 1111 can be improved.

[0253] A part of the upper guide wheel 115 is located within the upper guide wheel accommodation groove 11113, an upper part of the upper guide wheel 115 protrudes from the wheel stand body 1111, and the upper guide wheel 115 is mounted by a mounting shaft passing through a third mounting hole and third nuts are mounted at both ends of the mounting shaft passing through the third mounting hole and thus the third nuts come in contact with the third boss 11115; due to the arrangement of a third boss 11115, the direct contact between the third nuts and the wheel stand body 1111 can be avoided, on one hand, it is convenient to lock tightly the third nuts so as to improve the locking force, on the other hand, the strength and service life of the wheel stand body 1111 can be improved.

[0254] The crawler 116 sleeves the driving wheel 112, the driven wheel 113, the lower guide wheel 114 and the upper guide wheel 115, the crawler 116 is driven to move by driving the driving wheel 112, the lower guide wheel 114 has the guiding and supporting effect and the upper guide wheel 115 has the guiding and tensioning effects.

[0255] As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, a chamfer is formed at the rear end of the wheel stand body 1111 and the front end of the wheel stand connection lug 1112 is circular arc. In this way, after the crawler 116 has been mounted, the crawler 116 can be prevented from interfering with the wheel stand 111 during the movement process.

[0256] In present embodiment, by adopting the crawler walking mechanism, the subsoiling smash-ridging machine can smoothly walk on the soft soil so that the walking reliability of the subsoiling smash-ridging machine is improved, the efficiency can also be improved and the energy consumption can also be reduced.

[0257] The assembly method of the walking mechanism 11 is as follows:

[0258] (1) mounting the driving wheel 112 on the wheel stand connection lug 1112 via bearings and fixing the walking drive device on the wheel stand connection lug 1112 to make the output shaft of the walking mechanism to be connected to the driving wheel 112.

[0259] (2) mounting the driven wheel 113 on the wheel stand body 1111 via a mounting shaft.

[0260] (3) mounting the lower guide wheel 114 on the wheel stand body 1111 via the mounting shaft passing through the second mounting hole and locking the second nuts at both ends of the mounting shaft passing through the second mounting hole to make the second nuts come in contact with the second boss; mounting the upper guide wheel 115 on the wheel stand body 1111 via the mounting shaft passing through the third mounting hole and locking the third nuts at both ends of the mounting shaft passing through the third mounting hole to make the third nuts come in contact with the third boss 1115.

[0261] (4) enabling the crawler 116 to sleeve the driving wheel 112, the driven wheel 113, the lower guide wheel 114 and the upper guide wheel 115.

[0262] As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the chassis 12 comprises a supporting platform 121, inclined strut plates 122 and a supporting rib 123.

[0263] The supporting platform 121 is welded on the wheel stand 111; the inclined strut plates 122 are welded on the wheel stand 111 and the supporting platform 121 so as to improve the supporting strength; the supporting rib 123 is located in the front of the supporting platform 121, and extends from the inclined strut plate at one side via the bottom of the supporting platform 121 to the inclined strut plate 122 at the other side; a circular arc groove 1231 is formed at the corner of the supporting rid 123 so as to reduce the phenomenon of stress concentration and improve the strength of the supporting rib 123. In the present invention, since the diesel engine component 13 and the driving cab 16 are mounted in the front of the supporting platform 121, the weight is very high and thus by arranging the supporting rid 123, the bending resistance and deformation resistance of the supporting platform 121 can be improved, thereby improving the bearing capability of the supporting platform 121. Two rib plates 124 arranged in parallel to each other are arranged at the rear bottom of the inclined strut plates 122 and a triangular groove 1241 is formed between the rib plates 124 and the inclined strut plates 122.

[0264] The assembly method of above chassis 12 is as follows:

[0265] (1) welding the supporting rib 123 to the bottom surface of the supporting platform 121.

[0266] (2) welding the inclined strut plates 122 on the supporting rib 123 and positioning the inclined strut plates 122 using the shapes of both ends of the supporting ribs so as to improve the precision of installation.

[0267] (3) welding the rib plates 124 on the inclined strut plates 122.

[0268] (4) welding the supporting platform 121 and the inclined strut plates 122 onto the wheel stand 111.

[0269] By adopting above assembly method of chassis 12, the mounting precision can be improved and the assembly efficiency can also be improved.

[0270] A shock absorber is mounted on the supporting platform 121 and a diesel engine fixing seat is mounted on the shock absorber.

[0271] As shown in FIG. 2, the diesel engine component 13 comprises a diesel engine frame 131, a diesel engine 132, a wind tunnel box 133, a hydraulic pump 134 and a diesel engine hood 135.

[0272] The diesel engine frame 131 is mounted on a diesel engine fixing seat and the shock absorption is performed on the diesel engine component 13 via a shock absorber; the diesel engine 132 is fixed on the diesel engine frame 131; the wind tunnel box 133 is mounted in the front end of the diesel engine frame 131 and is located in front of the diesel engine 132, when the wind tunnel box works, it blows air from the outside via the front end of the diesel engine 132 towards the rear end thereof so that fore-and-aft air stream is formed on the diesel engine, the heat dissipation is performed on the diesel engine 132, thereby improving the service life of the diesel engine 132; the hydraulic pump 134 is connected to the output shaft of the diesel engine 132 and when the diesel engine 132 works, the output shaft of the diesel engine drives the hydraulic pump 134 to work; and the diesel engine 132 and the wind tunnel box 133 are covered with the diesel engine hood 135 so as to achieve the waterproof, dustproof and anti-collision effects on the diesel engine.

[0273] The assembly method of the diesel engine component 13 is as follows:

[0274] (1) fixing the diesel engine 132 onto the diesel engine frame 131.

[0275] (2) mounting the wind tunnel box 133 onto the diesel engine frame 131.

[0276] (3) connecting the hydraulic pump 134 to the output shaft of the diesel engine.

[0277] (4) fixing above assembled components onto the diesel engine fixing seat integrally and performing balance adjustment.

[0278] (5) covering the diesel engine 132 and wind tunnel box 133 with a diesel engine hood 135.

[0279] By adopting above assemble method, the diesel engine component except the diesel engine hood can be assembled in the factory and then transported to the site for being mounted and therefore, it is convenient to mount and the high mounting efficiency is achieved.

[0280] In the present invention, the diesel engine component 13 and the driving cab 16 are mounted in the front of the supporting platform.

[0281] As shown in FIG. 9 to FIG. 11, the smash-ridging device 2 comprises a smash-ridging box 21, a driving mechanism 22, transmission shafts 23, power input members 24, bearings 25 and a spiral drill rod 26.

[0282] As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the smash-ridging box 21 comprises a bottom plate 211, side plates 212 and a top plate 213, the lower end surfaces of the side plates 212 are welded on the bottom plate 211, and the top plate 213 is welded on the upper end surfaces of the side plates 212.

[0283] As shown in FIG. 11 to FIG. 14, at least two lower through-holes 2111 are formed in the bottom plate 211, lower bearing seats 271 extending upwardly are welded on the inner walls of the lower through-holes 2111, the lower bearing seats 271 protrude from the upper surface of the bottom plate 211, the height of protruding part of the lower bearing seat is larger than the width of two bearings, bearings are mounted in the lower bearing seats 271, rib plates 273 are welded between adjacent lower bearing seats so as to improve the strength of the lower bearing seats, and there are lubricating oil passages 274 between the rib plates 273 and the bottom plate 211, in this way, on one hand, the lubricating oil flows at the bottom of the smash-ridging box with bearing seats smoothly so as to improve the lubricating effects, on the other hand, as the welding among the rib plates and the bottom plate is not required, it is convenient to weld the rib plates under the premise of the limitation on space.

[0284] Each lower bearing seat 271 extends downwardly to protrude from the lower surface of the bottom plate to form a lower boss 272 which is used for mounting a lower bearing end cover 281. After the lower boss 272 is arranged, on one hand, the strength of the bottom plate 211 is improved and on the other hand, a certain distance can be reserved between the lower bearing end cover 281 and the lower surface of the bottom plate 211 so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the lower bearing end cover 281.

[0285] As shown in FIGS. 13 and 15, at least two upper through-holes 2131 corresponding to the lower through-holes in the vertical direction are formed in the top plate 213, an upper bearing seat 275 extending downwardly is arranged on the inner walls of the upper through-holes 2131, the length of the lower bearing seats 271 is larger than that of the upper bearing seat 275, and a bearing is mounted in the upper bearing seat 275; The upper bearing seat 275 extending upwardly to protrude from the upper surface of the top plate so that an upper boss 276 is formed and the upper boss 276 is used for mounting an upper bearing end cover 282. After the upper boss 276 is arranged, on one hand, the strength of the top plate 213 is improved and on the other hand, a certain distance can be reserved between the upper bearing end cover 282 and the upper surface of the top plate 213 so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the upper bearing end cover 282.

[0286] According to the structure of the present invention, it is convenient to connect the lower bearing seats 271 by arranging the lower through-holes 2111 and to connect the upper bearing seat 275 by arranging the upper through-holes 2131; since the lower bearing seats 271 extends upwardly and the upper bearing seat 275 extends downwardly, both the lower bearing seat and the upper bearing seat are located within the smash-ridging box and thus, on one hand, the contour dimension of the smash-ridging box with bearing seats can be reduced, on the other hand, it can have protecting effect on the upper and lower bearing seats. In addition, during the use, the smash-ridging box with bearing seats can be filled with lubricating oil, while by adopting the arrangement of the upper and lower bearing seats, it is more easier for lubricating oil within the smash-ridging box with bearing seats to lubricate bearings within the upper and lower bearing seats; since the length of the lower bearing seats 271 is larger than that of the upper bearing seat 275, when the bearings are mounted, in consideration of the special subsoiling and smash-ridging environment, more than two bearings 25 are mounted within the lower bearing seats 271 and one bearing 25 is mounted within the upper bearing seat 275 such that the strength, rigidity and the transmission stability of bearing seats can be improved, furthermore, by selecting an appropriate amount of bearings, the costs in manufacturing the smash-ridging box and costs caused by the number of bearings are reduced.

[0287] Wherein, one of the side plates comprising a plate body 2121 is arranged in the front of the smash-ridging box, manholes 21211 are formed in the plate body 2121, a flange 21212 is arranged around the manhole on the plate body 2121, mounting holes 212112 are formed in the plate body 2121 and the flange 21212, and a step is formed between the inside of the flange 21212 and the plate body 2121. Since parts such as a transmission system are all mounted within the smash-ridging box 21, the manholes 212111 are formed so as to mount, dismount and maintain the parts such as the transmission system; the flange 212112 is generally connected to the plate body 2121 by welding, after the mounting hole 21212 is formed in the position of the flange 212112, the strength of manhole covers fixed by bolts is improved and thus the side plates are not easy to damage. In addition, due to the arrangement of the flange 212112, after the manhole covers are mounted, a distance equal to or greater than the thickness of the flange exists between the manhole covers and the plate body so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the manhole covers; by arranging the step, the welding seams between the plate body 2121 and interior side of the flange can be increased, thereby improving the strength of the connection between the flange 212112 and the plate body 2121, in addition, the step can also have position-limiting and positioning effects on a seal ring so that the sealing property between the manhole covers and the side plates is improved.

[0288] Further, a seal groove can be formed in the flange 212112. The seal groove can accommodate the seal ring and limit the position of the seal ring, thereby improving the sealing property. After the manhole covers are mounted, sealing oil can be injected into the seal groove instead of arranging the seal ring so as to achieve the sealing effect.

[0289] As shown in FIG. 12, a first bearing part is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate 211, a first connection lug 29 is welded on the side plates 212, a first bearing plate 291 extending inwardly is arranged on the first connection lug, and the first bearing plate 291 supports the first bearing part. Since the bottom plate 211 is welded on the side plates 212, the phenomenon of stress concentration is easily formed at the welding seam, thus cracks are easily formed at the connection between the bottom plate 211 and side plates 212 which can even make them completely separated. After the first bearing part is arranged, it can have bearing effect on the bottom plate using the action of the first bearing plate on the first bearing part and thus better connection strength of the bottom plate and the side plates is achieved.

[0290] As shown in FIG. 12, a second bearing part is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate 211, a flattening device connection lug 210 is welded on the side plates 212, a second bearing plate 2101 extending inwardly is arranged on the flattening device connection lug 210, and the second bearing plate 2101 supports the second bearing part. Since the bottom plate 211 is welded on the side plates 212, a phenomenon of stress concentration is easily formed at the welding seam, thus cracks are easily formed at the connection between the bottom plate 211 and side plates 212 which can even make them completely separated. After the second bearing part is arranged, it can have bearing effect on the bottom plate using the action of the second bearing plate on the second bearing part and thus better connection strength of the bottom plate and the side plates is achieved. The second bearing part and the first bearing part are arranged opposite to each other.

[0291] As shown in FIG. 12, a first welding part is arranged on the top plate 213, a second connection lug 220 is welded on the side plates 212, a second welding plate 2201 extending inwardly is arranged on the second connection lug 220, and the second welding plate 2201 is welded with the first welding part on the top plate; in this way, the top plate 213 is uneasy to be separated from the side plates 212, the second connection lug 220 has large welding area and two welding surfaces are arranged vertically so that the second connection lug 220 is high in connection strength; a third connection lug 230 is welded on the top plate 213, a third welding plate 2301 extending downwardly is arranged on the third connection lug 230, a second welding part is welded on the side plates 212, and the third welding plate 2301 is welded with the second welding part; in this way, the top plate 213 is uneasy to be separated from the side plates 212, the third connection lug 230 has large welding area and two welding surfaces are arranged vertically so that the third connection lug 230 is high in connection strength.

[0292] As shown in FIG. 17, an articulated seat 240 is arranged on the plate body 2121 and the articulated seat 240 comprises a connection seat 2401 and connection lugs 2402, which extend towards the direction away from the connection seat from the both sides of the connection seat, an accommodation groove is formed between two connection lugs, and articulated holes are formed in the two connection lugs, respectively. The articulated seat 240 with the structure is processed conveniently, high in strength and can connect other parts without destroying the smash-ridging box 21.

[0293] An extended mounting flange 250 is arranged on the plate body 2121, in this way, other parts can be connected to the extended mounting flange 250 at any time and can be dismounted at any time without destroying the smash-ridging box 21.

[0294] The driving mechanism 22 is a hydraulic motor, an electrical machine and so on, the driving mechanism 22 is mounted on the top plate, the driving mechanism 22 drives one of the transmission shafts to rotate, or the driving mechanism is correspondingly arranged on each transmission shaft, or the driving mechanisms are correspondingly arranged on some of the transmission shafts.

[0295] Bearings 25 are mounted in the lower bearing seats 271, a bearing 25 is mounted in the upper bearing seat 275, the bearings are conical bearings, the bearings located within the lower bearing seat are mounted in an opposite direction to the bearing located within the upper bearing seat.

[0296] Transmission shafts 23 are mounted between the bearings located within the lower bearing seat and the bearing located within the upper bearing seat, and the lower ends of the transmission shafts 23 extend out of the smash-ridging box 21; a feeding hole 231 axially passes through the transmission shafts 23.

[0297] The power input member 24 is a gear which is mounted on each of the transmission shafts, and the lower surface of the gear abuts against the shaft shoulders of the transmission shafts; when one of the transmission shafts is connected with the driving mechanism, the adjacent gears are engaged with each other. A shaft sleeve 2771 is arranged between the inner ring of the conical bearing located within the upper bearing seat 275 and the gear.

[0298] As shown in FIG. 18, a forward lock nut 2772 is connected to the transmission shaft 23 by screw thread above the upper conical bearing, the forward lock nut 2772 is in contact with the inner ring of the conical bearing in the upper; a reverse lock nut (no shown) is arranged above the forward lock nut 2772 on the transmission shaft 23; the diameter of the transmission shaft on which the forward lock nut 2772 is arranged is larger than that of the transmission shaft on which the reverse lock nut is arranged, the upper surface of the forward lock nut 2772 is higher than that of the transmission shaft on which the forward lock nut 2772 is arranged and the reverse lock nut is in contact with the forward lock nut 2772.

[0299] By adopting above structure, the method for adjusting clearances of conical bearings is as follows: firstly rotating the forward lock nut 2772 to allow the forward lock nut 2772 interact with the inner ring of the upper conical bearing to promote the axial movement of the inner ring of the upper conical bearing so as to achieve the purpose of the adjustment on the clearances of conical bearings; when the forward lock nut 2772 is rotated in place, the reverse lock nut is reversely locked to allow the reverse lock nut come in contact with the forward lock nut 2772 to prevent the forward lock nut 2772 from loosening; in this way, adjusted clearances cannot change at random so that the adjustment accuracy of the clearances of conical bearings is high and the transmission performance of the transmission shaft is stable.

[0300] The spiral drill rod 26 comprises a rod body 261, a spiral piece 262 and a blade. The rod body 261 is connected to the transmission shaft 23 through a flange 265, the rod body 261 has an axially extending hole which is communicated with feeding holes 231 on the transmission shaft, and a discharging hole 2611, which is communicated with the hole and extends radially, is arranged on the rod body 261, in this way, pesticides, water, fertilizers and so on can be infused into the feeding holes 231 on the transmission shaft and enters the deep soil through the hole and the discharging hole 2611 so as to achieve the purpose of deep applications of the pesticides, water and fertilizers which can be simultaneously performed while subsoiling, thereby improving the efficiency; the spiral piece 262 is welded on the rod body 261, the blade is fixed on the spiral piece 262.

[0301] As shown in FIG. 19, one end of the transmission shaft 23 is a conical shaft 232, at one end of which a screw rod 233 is arranged. A conical hole 2651 matching with the conical shaft and a through-hole 2652 through which the screw rod passes, are formed in the flange 265, on which a counterbore 2653 is formed at an opposite side to the conical hole, and the conical hole 2651, the through-hole 2652 and the counterbore 2653 are communicated with each other; the conical shaft 232 is arranged in the conical hole 2651, the screw rod 233 passes through the through-hole 2652 and extends into the counterbore 2653 in which a lock nut 266 connected with the screw rod, is arranged.

[0302] A gland 268 is fixed on the screw rod 233 through more than two lock bolts 267. A boss 2681 is arranged on the upper surface of the gland 268 and is pressed fit on the end surface of a lock nut 266, a gap is reserved between the gland 268 and the end surface of the screw rod, and the gland and the counterbore are transition fit so as to prevent large particulate matters entering the counterbore and have the protecting effect on the lock nut 266; and a counterbore is formed in the gland 268, the head of the lock bolt is located in the counterbore so as to have the protecting effect on the head of the lock bolts.

[0303] According to above structure, the gland 268 is fixed on the screw rod 233 through more than two lock bolts 267, in this way, the gland 268 itself cannot rotate relative to the screw rod 233; since the boss 2681 of the gland is pressed fit on the end surface of the lock nut 266, the lock nut 266 has no rotatable space, no phenomenon that the lock nut 266 loosens can occur, thereby improving the reliability of the matching between the conical shaft and the conical hole, the power transmission is reliably realized and it is very convenient to fix the gland 268; in addition, when the phenomena that the conical shaft 233 and conical hole 2651 are worn occurs, the gland 268 can be dismounted to further tighten the lock nut 266 and then the gland 268 is locked again using the lock bolts 267; since the clearance is reserved between the gland 268 and the end surface of the spiral rod, the gland has movement space in the direction towards the spiral rod and thus even if the lock nut 266 is further locked, the boss 2681 of the gland can also be pressed fit on the lock nut 266 to prevent the lock nut from loosening and thus the fit clearance between the conical shaft and the conical hole can be adjusted as desired without replacing parts and the adjustment can also be performed at present.

[0304] The assembly method of the smash-ridging device is as follows:

[0305] (1) welding lower bearing seats 271 onto a bottom plate 211, and welding upper bearing seats 275 onto a top plate 213.

[0306] (2) welding the bottom plate 211, side plates 212 and the top plate 213 together to form a smash-ridging box 21; welding a first connection lug 29, a flattening device connection lug 210, a second connection lug 220, a third connection lug 230 and an articulated seat 240 onto the smash-ridging box.

[0307] (3) mounting bearings in the lower bearing seats 271, mounting a bearing in the upper bearing seat 275, wherein the bearings are conical bearings, the conical bearings in the lower bearing seats 271 are mounted forwardly, and the bearing in the upper bearing seat 275 is mounted reversely.

[0308] (4) extending the transmission shaft 23 from the lower end of the smash-ridging box through the bearing in the lower bearing seat into the smash-ridging box, mounting a power output member 24 onto the transmission shaft 23 when the upper end of the transmission shaft 23 is at the central section of the smash-ridging box, then wrapping a shaft sleeve 2771 on the transmission shaft 23, after that, continuing to push the transmission shaft upwards to mount the upper end of the transmission shaft into the bearing in the upper bearing seat 275.

[0309] (5) locking a forward lock nut 2772 at the upper end of the transmission shaft 23 and making the forward lock nut 2772 to be in contact with the bearing inner ring within the upper bearing seat 275 to facilitate the axial movement of the bearing inner ring within the upper bearing seat 275 so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the clearance of the conical bearing and after the clearance of the conical bearing has been adjusted, the reverse lock nut is locked in reversed direction.

[0310] (6) mounting a lower bearing end cover 281 and an upper bearing end cover 282.

[0311] (7) mounting a driving mechanism 22.

[0312] (8) mounting a flange 265 of which the mounting process is as follows: making a conical hole 2651, through-holes 2652 and a counterbore 2653 pass through the screw rod 233, fitting the conical shaft 232 with the conical hole 2651, locking the lock nut 266 at the lower end of the screw rod 233, pressing the gland 268 into the counterbore 2653 to make the bosses 2681 come in contact with the end surface of the lock nut 266 and locking the lock bolt 267.

[0313] (9) mounting a spiral drill rod 26 onto the flange 265.

[0314] The assembly method of the smash-ridging device is simple and high in precision.

[0315] As show in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIGS. 20 and 21, the connection device 3 comprises a connection frame 31, a connection supporting plate 32, a guide sliding rod 33, a connecting nut 34, a sliding sleeve frame 35 and a lifting oil cylinder 36.

[0316] As show in FIG. 21, the connection frame 31 comprises horizontal beams 311, longitudinal beams 312, vertical beams 313, a first inclined strut 314 and a second inclined strut 315. There are several horizontal beams and the longitudinal beams 312 consist of lower longitudinal beams and upper longitudinal beams, wherein the lower longitudinal beams are welded at both ends of the horizontal beam 311 or are welded on the central section of the horizontal beam 311; the vertical beams 313 are welded on the lower longitudinal beams close to the rear section; the upper longitudinal beams are welded on the upper end of the vertical beam; a first inclined strut 314 is welded between the front end of the horizontal beam and the upper end of the vertical beam; the second inclined strut 315 is welded between the vertical beams; the connection frame 31 with this structure is simple in structure and good in force-bearing performance and can bear the heavier smash-ridging device.

[0317] The horizontal beams 311, the longitudinal beams 312, the vertical beams 313, the first inclined strut 314 and the second inclined strut 315 all use square tubes and are internally communicated with each other, so that oil chambers are formed within the horizontal beams 311, the longitudinal beams 312, the vertical beams 313, the first inclined strut 314 and the second inclined strut 315 and are used for being filled with diesel and thus the volume of the oil tank is increased by the existing structure.

[0318] As shown in FIG. 21, the lower longitudinal beams and the upper longitudinal beams are welded with the connection supporting plate respectively.

[0319] The guide sliding rod 33 passes through the connection supporting plate 32, and the guide sliding rod comprises a guide sliding rod body and a chrome coating, which is coated on the outer surface of the guide sliding rod body. By coating the chrome coating, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and so on can be improved.

[0320] A connecting nut 34 is arranged below the lower connection supporting plate on the guide sliding rod 33; a connecting nut 34 is arranged above the upper connection supporting plate on the guide sliding rod 33 and thus the guide sliding rod 33 can be very conveniently mounted and dismounted using the upper and lower connecting nuts 34.

[0321] As shown in FIG. 21, the sliding sleeve frame 35 comprises a sliding sleeve 351, a smash-ridging device connection seat 352 and a lifting oil cylinder seat 353. The sliding sleeve 351 sleeves the guide sliding rod 33 slidely, dustproof rings are arranged between the sliding sleeve 351 and the guide sliding rod 33 and located on the upper and lower ends of the sliding sleeve 351, respectively, the dustproof rings have dustproof and waterproof effects, can prevent the lubricating oil between the sliding sleeve 351 and the guide sliding rod 33 from losing in a short time, thereby improving the lubricating performance. The smash-ridging device connection seat 352 is welded on the sliding sleeve 351, and a mounting hole 3521 is formed in the smash-ridging device connection seat 352. The lifting oil cylinder seat 353 is welded on the smash-ridging device connection seat 352 and comprises a lifting oil cylinder seat body 3531 and a rib plate 3532 which is welded between the lifting oil cylinder seat body and the smash-ridging device connection seat 352.

[0322] An oil cylinder articulated seat 37 is fixed on the lower connection supporting plate, on which the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 36 is articulated, and the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed on the lifting oil cylinder seat 353. For the subsoiling smash-ridging machine of the present invention, since it is required that the stroke of the lifting oil cylinder is relatively long, the lifting oil cylinder 36 has larger length, the distance between the fixation point of the lifting oil cylinder body and the articulated seat 37 is reduced when the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed on the lifting oil cylinder seat 353 and it is uneasy for the lifting oil cylinder 36 to bent and deform when it works so that it has good load-carrying capacity; in addition, by adopting the fixing structure compared to the structure that the upper end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed to the lifting oil cylinder seat, the connection frame has lower height, thereby decreasing the vertical height of the connection frame as well as the height of the entire subsoiling smash-ridging machine.

[0323] The smash-ridging device is fixed on the smash-ridging device connection seat 353 through a bolt which passes through the mounting hole 3521, in this way, it is convenient and rapid to mount the smash-ridging device and the smash-ridging device can be dismounted integrally.

[0324] The assembly method of the connection device 3 is as follows:

[0325] (1) welding horizontal beams 311, longitudinal beams 312, vertical beams 313, a first inclined strut 314 and a second inclined strut 315 together to form a connection frame 31.

[0326] (2) welding a connection supporting plate 32 on a lower longitudinal beam and an upper longitudinal beam, respectively.

[0327] (3) making one end of a guide sliding rod 33 downwards pass through the upper connection supporting plate, then enabling a sliding sleeve 351 of a sliding sleeve frame 35 sleeve the guide sliding rod 33, after that, sequentially moving the guide sliding rod 33 downwards to pass through the lower connection supporting plate, and then locking the connecting nut 34 at the upper end of the guide sliding rod 33 and the connecting nut 34 at the lower end of the guide sliding rod 33 respectively to fix the guide sliding rod 33.

[0328] (4) fixing an articulated seat 37 on the lower connection supporting plated, fixing a cylinder body of a lifting oil cylinder 36 on a lifting oil cylinder seat 353, and articulating the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 36 onto the articulated seat 37.

[0329] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 22, the ditching device 4 comprises swing arms 41, a supporting arm 42, a turn-over oil cylinder 43, adjusting seats 44, a ditching arm 45 and a ditching plough 46.

[0330] An articulated seat 47 is fixed on the extended mounting flange 250, one end of each swing arm 41 is articulated on the articulated seat 47, and the other end of the swing arm 41 is articulated on the piston rod of the turn-over oil cylinder 43. The swing arms are two swing arms parallel to each other, the supporting arm 42 is welded between the central sections of the two swing arms and has a regular polygon section. The cylinder body of the turn-over oil cylinder 43 is articulated on the third connection lug 230.

[0331] As shown in FIG. 23, the adjusting seats 44 comprise lower clamping seats 441 and upper clamping seats 442, which are clamped on the supporting arm 42 and connected through bolts; when the bolts are loosened, the adjusting seats 44 can move on the supporting arm transversely and when the bolts are locked, the adjusting seats 44 can be fixed on the supporting arm 42 and thus the purpose that the transverse positions of the adjusting seats are adjusted can be achieved.

[0332] Each adjusting seat comprises two lower clamping seats 441 and two upper clamping seats 442, and each lower clamping seat 441 and each upper clamping seat 442 are respectively provided with location holes through which an adjusting rod 47 passes. The ditching arm 45 is clamped between the two upper clamping seats, meanwhile is clamped between the two lower clamping seats, and is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes 451, through which the adjusting rod 47 passes. If there is a need to adjust the position of the ditching arm relative to the adjusting seats 44, the adjusting rod 47 is firstly loosened, the ditching arm 45 is adjusted to the desired position and then the adjusting rod 47 passes through the location holes and the corresponding adjusting holes and thus the adjustment is performed very conveniently and rapidly.

[0333] As shown in FIGS. 25 to 27, the ditching plough 46 is fixed at the lower end of the ditching arm 45. The ditching plough comprises a first ditching plough plate 461, two sides of which are provided with a second ditching plough plate 462 and a third ditching plough plate 463, U-shaped grooves 464 are formed among the first ditching plough plate 461, the second ditching plough plate 462 and the third ditching plough plate 463, transversal reinforced ribs 465 and vertical reinforced ribs 466 are arranged in the U-shaped grooves and are cross to each other, a plough tip 467 is formed by the crossing of the lower end of the first ditching plough plate 461 with the lower end of the second ditching plough plate 462 and the lower end of the third ditching plough plate 463, the plough tip 467 has a triangular cross section, and has a thickness larger than the thicknesses of the second ditching plough plate 462 and the third ditching plough plate 463. Since the plough tip can come in contact with harder obstacles such as stones, tree roots or bushes in the soil during tillage and the plough tip 467 has a thickness larger than the thicknesses of the second ditching plough plate 462 and the third ditching plough plate 463, the plough tip 467 has higher strength, it is uneasy to cause the damage to the plough tip 467 and thus the plough has firm structure, at the same time, since the U-shaped grooves 464 are formed among the first ditching plough plate 461, the second ditching plough plate 462 and the third ditching plough plate 463, the entire plough structure has lower weight and due to the arrangement of the transversal reinforced ribs 465 and vertical reinforced ribs 466 are arranged in the U-shaped grooves 464 so that the plough structure is very firm.

[0334] The assembly method of the ditching device 4 is as follows:

[0335] (1) welding the supporting arm 42 between two swing arms, articulating one end of the turn-over oil cylinder 43 onto the third connection lug 230, then articulating one end of the swing arms 52 onto the articulated seat 47 and the other end of the swing arms onto the piston rod of the turn-over oil cylinder 43.

[0336] (2) mounting the adjusting seats 44 onto the supporting arm 52 which comprises: clamping the two lower clamping seats 441 and the two upper clamping seats 442 on the supporting arm 52, connecting the lock bolt between the upper and lower clamping seats at the left side, connecting the lock bolt between the upper and lower clamping seats at the right side, at the moment the lock bolt does not lock tightly the upper and lower clamping seats, thus adjusting the position of the supporting arm 42 on the adjusting seats 44 as desired and then screwing the lock cut so as to prevent the adjusting seats 44 from moving relative to the supporting arm 42.

[0337] (3) welding the ditching plough 46 on the ditching arm 45, mounting the upper end of the ditching arm 45 between the upper and lower clamping seats at the left side and the upper and lower clamping seats at the right side of the adjusting seat, adjusting the position of the ditching arm as desired and then positioning and fixing the ditching arm using the adjusting rod to pass through the location hole and the corresponding adjusting hole.

[0338] Above assembly method of the ditching device is simple in process and convenient to operate and the position of the ditching plough can be adjusted as desired.

[0339] As shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the flattening device 5 comprises a raking plate 52, connection arms 58 connected to the raking plate 52 and an adjusting device which is used to adjust the turn-over angle of the raking plate 52. The connection arms 58 are arranged at both ends of the raking plate 52, the lower ends of the connection arms 58 are fixedly connected with the raking plate 52, and the upper ends of the connection arms are articulated with the flattening device connection lug 210 for supporting and connecting the raking plate 52. The raking plate 52 is in the form of a long strip, and is formed by successively connecting three flat plate units 521; each flat plate unit 521 comprises a connection section 5211 and a serrated section 5212 arranged at the lower end of the connection section 5211, and the connection sections 5211 of adjacent flat plate units 521 are connected through a hinge so that the flat plate units 521 can be turned over and folded; when the flat plate units 521 are unfolded, in order to fix the positions of the flat plate units 521, an interlocking device which limits the flat plate units to be turned over, is arranged between the connection sections 5211 of the adjacent flat plate units 521. The interlocking device comprises a first circular ring 59 arranged at the side edge of the flat plate units 521, a second circular ring 511 arranged at the side edge of the adjacent flat plate units 521 and an inserted pin 510 which can pass through the first circular ring 59 and the second circular ring 511, inserted holes of the first circular ring 59 and second circular ring 511 are longitudinal, after two adjacent flat plate units 521 are unfolded, the first circular ring 59 and the second circular ring 511 are aligned up and down and the inserted pin 510 successively is inserted into the first circular ring 59 and second circular ring 511 from top to bottom to lock two adjacent flat plate units 521. The adjusting device comprises an articulated seat, a screw rod, a first spring, a second spring and a nut, wherein the lower end of the screw rod is articulated with the raking plate 52, the upper end of the screw rod passes through the articulated seat and then is connected with the nut, the first spring sleeves the screw rod and is located between the raking plate 52 and the articulated seat, and the second spring sleeves the screw rod and is located between the articulated seat and the nut, the elastic force of the first spring acts on the raking plate 52 so that the raking plate 52 is more powerful when the soil is flattened and in addition, the turn-over angle of the raking plate 52 can be changed by adjusting the positions of adjusting nuts.

[0340] The operating principle of the flattening device is as follows: the flattening device is used in conjunction with the smash-ridging device which performs smash-ridging on the soil so that the soil becomes soft and out of flatness; the raking plate 52 can be turned over by the adjusting device and come in contact with the ground, the subsoiling smash-ridging machine drives the flattening device to walk and the raking plate 52 of the flattening device can flatten the land; in addition, since smashed soil will splash when the spiral drill rod of the smash-ridging device performs smash-ridging on the soil, the raking plate 52 arranged at one side of the smash-ridging device can have the effect of preventing the soil from splashing in all directions. Since the raking plate 52 is in the form of a long strip, the width of the raking plate 52 can be adjusted through adjacent articulated flat plate units 521, thus the width of the raking plate 52 can be adjusted according to the size of the area of the land.

[0341] As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, the straw returning device 6 comprises a straw returning articulated seat 61, a straw returning connecting rod mechanism 62, a straw returning hood 63, a weeding cutter 64, a straw returning oil cylinder 65 and a straw returning driving mechanism.

[0342] As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, the straw returning connecting rod mechanism 62 comprises a first straw returning connecting rod 621 and a second straw returning connecting rod 622; one end of the first straw returning connecting rod 621 is articulated on the straw returning articulated seat 611, and the other end of the first straw returning connecting rod 621 is articulated on the straw returning hood 63; one end of the second straw returning connecting rod 622 is articulated on the central section of the first straw returning connecting rod, and the other end of the second straw returning connecting rod 622 is articulated on the straw returning hood 63; the weeding cutter 64 is arranged in the straw returning hood 63; one end of the straw returning oil cylinder 65 is articulated on the straw returning articulated seat 61, and the other end is articulated on the straw returning hood 63; the straw returning driving mechanism comprises an electrical motor, a driving gear wheel and a driven gear wheel, wherein the electrical motor is fixed on the straw returning hood 63, the driving gear wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the electrical motor, the driven gear wheel is mounted on the shaft of the weeding cutter 64, the driving gear wheel and the driven gear wheel are meshed with each other and a limiting roller 66 is arranged at the lower front of the straw returning hood.

Embodiment 2

[0343] The present embodiment compared to embodiment 1 has the same other structures as those of embodiment 1 except the connection device. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 32 to 34, the connection device 3 comprises two connecting rod mechanisms and a connecting rod 310a which is attached at the two connecting rod mechanisms. Each connecting rod mechanism comprises a connecting rod seat 30a, a first connecting rod 31a, a second connecting rod 32a, a third connecting rod 33a, a fourth connecting rod 34a and a driving oil cylinder 35a. The connecting rod seat 30a is fixed on a supporting platform; the lower end of the first connecting rod 31a is articulated on the rear end of the connecting rod seat 30a; one end of the second connecting rod 32a is articulated at the middle lower position of the first connecting rod 31a and the other end of the second connecting rod 32a is articulated on the first connection lug 29; one end of the third connecting rod 33a is articulated at the upper end of the first connecting rod 31a and the other end of the third connecting rod 33a is articulated on the second connection lug 220 and the third connecting rod 33a and second connecting rod 32a are arranged in parallel to each other; one end of the fourth connecting rod 34a is articulated at the middle upper position of the first connecting rod 31a and the other end of the fourth connecting rod 34a is articulated on the third connecting rod 33a; and one end of the driving oil cylinder 35a is articulated on the connecting rod seat 30a and the other end of the driving oil cylinder 35a is articulated in the middle of the first connecting rod 31a.

[0344] By adopting the connection device with above structure, the turn-over and vertical movement of the smash-ridging device can be achieved so as to facilitate subsoiling and smash-ridging.

Embodiment 3

[0345] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the subsoiling smash-ridging machine comprises a machine body 1, a smash-ridging device 2 and a connection device 32.

[0346] As shown in FIG. 2, the machine body 1 comprises a walking mechanism 11, a chassis 12, a diesel engine component 13, a hydraulic oil tank 14, a cooler 15 and a driving cab 16.

[0347] As shown in FIGS. 3 to 8, the walking mechanism 11 comprises two crawler components arranged opposite to each other, each crawler component comprises a wheel stand 111, a driving wheel 112, a driven wheel 113, a lower guide wheel 114, an upper guide wheel 115, a crawler 116 and a walking drive device.

[0348] As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the wheel stand 111 comprises a wheel stand body 1111 and a wheel stand connection lug 1112. The wheel stand connection lug 1112 is connected to the front end of the wheel stand body 1111. A driven wheel accommodation groove 11111 is formed in the rear end of the wheel stand body 1111, a first mounting hole through the driven wheel accommodation groove 11111 is formed in the wheel stand body 1111; a lower guide wheel accommodation groove 11112 extends upwardly at the bottom surface of the wheel stand body 1111, a second mounting hole through the lower guide wheel accommodation groove 11112 is formed in the wheel stand body 1111 and a second boss 11114 is arranged on the exterior side of the wheel stand body 1111 at the position corresponding to the second mounting hole; and an upper guide wheel accommodation groove 11113 extends downwardly at the top surface of the wheel stand body 1111, a third mounting hole through the upper guide wheel accommodation groove 11113 is formed in the wheel stand body 1111, and a third boss 11115 is arranged on the exterior side of the wheel stand body 1111 at the position corresponding to the third mounting hole.

[0349] The driving wheel 112 is mounted on the wheel stand connection lug 1112 through a bearing, and the walking drive device is fixed on the wheel stand connection lug 1112. In the present embodiment, the walking drive device is a hydraulic motor 117 and the driving wheel 112 is driven by the hydraulic motor 117 so that the stepless speed regulation and the large driving force can be achieved.

[0350] A part of the driven wheel 113 is located within the driven wheel accommodation groove 11111 and the driven wheel 113 is mounted by a mounting shaft passing through the first mounting hole.

[0351] A part of the lower guide wheel 114 is located within the lower guide wheel accommodation groove 11112, a lower part of the lower guide wheel 114 protrudes from the wheel stand body 1111, the lower guide wheel 114 is mounted by a mounting shaft passing through the second mounting hole and second nuts are mounted at both ends of the mounting shaft passing through the second mounting hole and come in contact with the second boss 11114; due to the arrangement of the second boss 11114, the direct contact of the second nuts and the wheel stand body 1111 is avoided, on one hand, it is convenient to lock the second nuts and the locking force is improved and on the other hand, the strength and service life of the wheel stand body 1111 can be improved.

[0352] A part of the upper guide wheel 115 is located within the upper guide wheel accommodation groove 11113, an upper part of the upper guide wheel 115 protrudes from the wheel stand body 1111, the upper guide wheel 115 is mounted by a mounting shaft passing through the third mounting hole and third nuts are mounted at both ends of the mounting shaft passing through the third mounting hole and come in contact with the third boss 11115; due to the arrangement of the third boss 11115, the direct contact of the third nuts and the wheel stand body 1111 can be avoided, on one hand, it is convenient to lock the third nuts and the locking force is improved and on the other hand, the strength and service life of the wheel stand body 1111 can be improved.

[0353] The crawler 116 sleeves the driving wheel 112, the driven wheel 113, the lower guide wheel 114 and the upper guide wheel 115, the crawler 116 can be driven to move by driving the driving wheel 112; the lower guide wheel 114 has played guiding and bearing roles and the upper guide wheel 115 has played guiding and tensioning roles.

[0354] As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a chamfer is formed at the rear end of the wheel stand body 1111 and the front end of the wheel stand connection lug 1112 is circular arc. In this way, after the crawler 116 has been mounted, the crawler 116 can be prevented from interfering with the wheel stand 111 during the operation of the crawler.

[0355] In the present embodiment, by adopting the crawler walking mechanism, the subsoiling smash-ridging machine can smoothly walk on the soft soil so that the walking reliability of the subsoiling smash-ridging machine is improved, the efficiency can also be improved and the energy consumption can also be reduced.

[0356] The assembly method of the walking mechanism 11 is as follows:

[0357] (1) mounting the driving wheel 112 on the wheel stand connection lug 1112 via a bearing and fixing the walking drive device on the wheel stand connection lug 1112 to make the output shaft of the walking mechanism to be connected to the driving wheel 112.

[0358] (2) mounting the driven wheel 113 on the wheel stand body 1111 via a mounting shaft.

[0359] (3) mounting the lower guide wheel 114 on the wheel stand body 1111 via the mounting shaft passing through the second mounting hole and locking the second nuts at both ends of the mounting shaft passing through the second mounting hole to make the second nuts come in contact with the second boss; mounting the upper guide wheel 115 on the wheel stand body 1111 via the mounting shaft passing through the third mounting hole and locking the third nuts at both ends of the mounting shaft passing through the third mounting hole to make the third nuts come in contact with the third boss 1115.

[0360] (4) enabling the crawler 116 to sleeve the driving wheel 112, the driven wheel 113, the lower guide wheel 114 and the upper guide wheel 115.

[0361] As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the chassis 12 comprises a supporting platform 121, inclined strut plates 122 and a supporting rib 123.

[0362] The supporting platform 121 is welded on the wheel stand 111; the inclined strut plates 122 are welded on the wheel stand 111 and the supporting platform 121 so as to improve the supporting strength; the supporting rib 123 is located in the front of the supporting platform 121, and extends from the inclined strut plate at one side via the bottom of the supporting platform 121 to the inclined strut plate 122 at the other side; a circular arc groove 1231 is formed at the corner of the supporting rid 123 so as to reduce the phenomenon of stress concentration and improve the strength of the supporting rib 123. In the present invention, since the diesel engine component 13 and the driving cab 16 are mounted in the front of the supporting platform 121, the weight is very high and thus by arranging the supporting rid 123, the bending resistance and deformation resistance of the supporting platform 121 can be improved, thereby improving the bearing capability of the supporting platform 121. Two rib plates 124 arranged in parallel to each other are arranged at the rear bottom of the inclined strut plates and a triangular groove 1241 is formed between the rib plates 124 and the inclined strut plates 122.

[0363] The assembly method of above chassis 12 is as follows:

[0364] (1) welding the supporting rib 123 to the bottom surface of the supporting platform 121.

[0365] (2) welding the inclined strut plates 122 on the supporting rib 123 and positioning the inclined strut plates 122 using the shapes of both ends of the supporting ribs so as to improve the precision.

[0366] (3) welding the rib plates 124 on the inclined strut plates 122.

[0367] (4) welding the supporting platform 121 and the inclined strut plates 122 onto the wheel stand 111.

[0368] By adopting the assembly method of above frame 12, the mounting precision can be improved and the assembly efficiency can also be improved.

[0369] A shock absorber is mounted on the supporting platform 121 and a diesel engine fixing seat is mounted on the shock absorber.

[0370] As shown in FIG. 2, the diesel engine component 13 comprises a diesel engine frame 131, a diesel engine 132, a wind tunnel box 133, a hydraulic pump 134 and a diesel engine hood 135.

[0371] The diesel engine frame 131 is mounted on a diesel engine fixing seat and the shock absorption is performed on the diesel engine component 13 via the shock absorber; the diesel engine 132 is fixed on the diesel engine frame 131; the wind tunnel box 133 is mounted in the front end of the diesel engine frame 131 and is located in front of the diesel engine 132, when the wind tunnel box works, it blows air from the outside via the front end of the diesel engine 132 towards the rear end thereof so that fore-and-aft air stream is formed on the diesel engine to perform the heat dissipation on the diesel engine 132, thereby improving the service life of the diesel engine 132; the hydraulic pump 134 is connected to the output shaft of the diesel engine 132 and when the diesel engine 132 works, the output shaft of the diesel engine drives the hydraulic pump 134 to run; and the diesel engine 132 and the wind tunnel box 133 are covered with the diesel engine hood 135 so as to achieve the waterproof, dustproof and anti-collision effects on the diesel engine.

[0372] The assembly method of the diesel engine component 13 is as follows:

[0373] (1) fixing the diesel engine 132 onto the diesel engine frame 131.

[0374] (2) fixing the wind tunnel box 133 onto the diesel engine frame 131.

[0375] (3) connecting the hydraulic pump 134 to the output shaft of the diesel engine.

[0376] (4) fixing above assembled components onto the diesel engine fixing seat integrally and performing balance adjustment.

[0377] (5) covering the diesel engine 132 and wind tunnel box 133 with a diesel engine hood 135.

[0378] By adopting above assemble method, the diesel engine component except the diesel engine hood can be assembled in the factory and then transported to the site for being mounted and therefore, it is convenient to mount and the high mounting efficiency is achieved.

[0379] In the present invention, the diesel engine component 13 and the driving cab 16 are mounted in the front of the supporting platform.

[0380] As shown in FIG. 9 to FIG. 11, the smash-ridging device 2 comprises a smash-ridging box 21, a driving mechanism 22, transmission shafts 23, power input members 24, bearings 25 and a spiral drill rod 26.

[0381] As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the smash-ridging box 21 comprises a bottom plate 211, side plates 212 and a top plate 213, the lower end surfaces of the side plates 212 are welded on the bottom plate 211, and the top plate 213 is welded on the upper end surfaces of the side plates 212.

[0382] As shown in FIG. 11 to FIG. 14, more than two lower through-holes 2111 are formed in the bottom plate 211, lower bearing seats 271 extending upwardly are welded on the inner walls of the lower through-holes 2111, the lower bearing seats 271 protrude from the upper surface of the bottom plate 211, the height of protruding part of the lower bearing seat is larger than the width of two bearings, bearings are mounted in the lower bearing seats 271, rib plates 273 are welded between adjacent lower bearing seats so as to improve the strength of the lower bearing seats, and lubricating oil passages 274 are between the rib plates 273 and the bottom plate 211, in this way, on one hand, the lubricating oil flows at the bottom of the smash-ridging box with bearing seats smoothly so as to improve the lubricating effects, on the other hand, as the welding among the rib plates and the bottom plate is not required, it is convenient to weld the rib plates under the premise of the limitation on space.

[0383] Each lower bearing seat 271 extends downwardly and protrudes from the lower surface of the bottom plate to form a lower boss 272 which is used for mounting a lower bearing end cover 281. After the lower boss 272 is arranged, on one hand, the strength of the bottom plate 211 is improved and on the other hand, a certain distance can be reserved between the lower bearing end cover 281 and the lower surface of the bottom plate 211 so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the lower bearing end cover 281.

[0384] As shown in FIGS. 13 and 15, more than two upper through-holes 2131 corresponding to the lower through-holes in the vertical direction are formed in the top plate 213, an upper bearing seat 275 extending downwardly is arranged on the inner walls of the upper through-holes 2131, the length of the lower bearing seats 271 is larger than that of the upper bearing seat 275, and a bearing is mounted in the upper bearing seat 275; the upper bearing seat 275 extends upwardly and protrudes from the upper surface of the top plate to form an upper boss 276 which is used for mounting an upper bearing end cover 282. After the upper boss 276 is arranged, on one hand, the strength of the top plate 213 is improved and on the other hand, a certain distance can be reserved between the upper bearing end cover 282 and the upper surface of the top plate 213 so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the upper bearing end cover 282.

[0385] According to the structure of the present invention, it is convenient to connect the lower bearing seats 271 by arranging the lower through-holes 2111 and to connect the upper bearing seat 275 by arranging the upper through-holes 2131; since the lower bearing seats 271 extends upwardly and the upper bearing seat 275 extends downwardly, both the lower bearing seats and the upper bearing seats are located within the smash-ridging box carrying bearing seats and thus, on one hand, the contour dimension of the smash-ridging box with bearing seats can be reduced, on the other hand, it can have protecting effect on the upper and lower bearing seats. In addition, during the use, the smash-ridging box with bearing seats can be filled with lubricating oil, while by adopting the arrangement of the upper and lower bearing seats, it is more easier for lubricating oil within the smash-ridging box with bearing seats to lubricate bearings within the upper and lower bearing seats; since the length of the lower bearing seats 271 is larger than that of the upper bearing seat 275, when the bearings are mounted, in consideration of the special subsoiling and smash-ridging environment, more than two bearings 25 are mounted within the lower bearing seats 271 and one bearing 25 is mounted within the upper bearing seat 275 such that the strength, rigidity and the transmission stability of bearing seats can be improved, furthermore, by selecting an appropriate amount of bearings, the costs in manufacturing the smash-ridging box and costs caused by the number of bearings are reduced.

[0386] Wherein, one of the side plates comprising a plate body 2121 is arranged in the front of the smash-ridging box, manholes 21211 are formed in the plate body 2121, a flange 21212 is arranged around the manhole on the plate body 2121, mounting holes 212112 are formed in the plate body 2121 and the flange 21212, and a step is formed between the inside of the flange 21212 and the plate body 2121. Since parts such as a transmission system are all mounted within the smash-ridging box 21, the manholes 212111 are formed so as to mount, dismount and maintain the parts such as the transmission system; the flange 212112 is generally connected to the plate body 2121 by welding, after the mounting hole 21212 is formed in the position of the flange 212112, the strength of manhole covers fixed by bolts is improved and thus the side plates are not easy to damage. In addition, due to the arrangement of the flange 212112, after the manhole covers are mounted, a distance equal to or greater than the thickness of the flange exists between the manhole covers and the plate body so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the manhole covers; by arranging the step, the welding seams between the plate body 2121 and the inner side of the flange can be increased, thereby improving the strength of the connection between the flange 212112 and the plate body 2121, in addition, the step can also have position-limiting and positioning effects on a seal ring so that the sealing property between the manhole covers and the side plates is improved.

[0387] Further, a seal groove can be formed in the flange 212112. The seal groove can accommodate the seal ring and limit the position of the seal ring, thereby improving the sealing property. After the manhole covers are mounted, sealing oil can be injected into the seal groove instead of arranging the seal ring so as to achieve the sealing effect.

[0388] As shown in FIG. 12, a first bearing part is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate 211, a first connection lug 29 is welded on the side plates 212, a first bearing plate 291 extending inwardly is arranged on the first connection lug, and the first bearing plate 291 supports the first bearing part. Since the bottom plate 211 is welded on the side plates 212, the phenomenon of stress concentration is easily formed at the welding seam, thus cracks are easily formed at the connection between the bottom plate 211 and side plates 212 which can even make them completely separated. After the first bearing part is arranged, it can have bearing effect on the bottom plate using the action of the first bearing plate on the first bearing part and thus better connection strength of the bottom plate and the side plates is achieved.

[0389] As shown in FIG. 12, a second bearing part is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate 211, a flattening device connection lug 210 is welded on the side plates 212, a second bearing plate 2101 extending inwardly is arranged on the flattening device connection lug 210, and the second bearing plate 2101 supports the second bearing part. Since the bottom plate 211 is welded on the side plates 212, a phenomenon of stress concentration is easily formed at the welding seam, thus cracks are easily formed at the connection between the bottom plate 211 and side plates 212 which can even make them completely separated. After the second bearing part is arranged, it can have bearing effect on the bottom plate using the action of the second bearing plate on the second bearing part and thus better connection strength of the bottom plate and the side plates is achieved. The second bearing part and the first bearing part are arranged opposite to each other.

[0390] As shown in FIG. 12, a first welding part is arranged on the top plate 213, a second connection lug 220 is welded on the side plates 212, a second welding plate 2201 extending inwardly is arranged on the second connection lug 220, and the second welding plate 2201 is welded with the first welding part on the top plate; in this way, the top plate 213 is uneasy to be separated from the side plates 212, the second connection lug 220 has large welding area and two welding surfaces are arranged vertically so that the second connection lug 220 is high in connection strength; a third connection lug 230 is welded on the top plate 213, a third welding plate 2301 extending downwardly is arranged on the third connection lug 230, a second welding part is welded on the side plates 212, and the third welding plate 2301 is welded with the second welding part; in this way, not only that the top plate 213 is uneasy to be separated from the side plates 212, but also that the third connection lug 230 has large welding area and two welding surfaces are arranged vertically so that the third connection lug 230 is high in connection strength.

[0391] As shown in FIG. 17, an articulated seat 240 is arranged on the plate body 2121 and the articulated seat 240 comprises a connection seat 2401 and connection lugs 2402 which extend towards the direction away from the connection seat from the both sides of the connection seat, an accommodation groove is formed between two connection lugs, and articulated holes are formed in the two connection lugs, respectively. The articulated seat 240 with the structure is processed conveniently, high in strength and can connect other parts without destroying the smash-ridging box 21.

[0392] An extended mounting flange 250 is arranged on the plate body 2121, in this way, other parts can be connected to the extended mounting flange 250 at any time and can be dismounted at any time without destroying the smash-ridging box 21.

[0393] The driving mechanism 22 is a hydraulic motor or an electrical machine and so on, the driving mechanism 22 is mounted on the top plate, the driving mechanism 22 drives one of the transmission shafts to rotate, or the driving mechanism can also be correspondingly arranged on each transmission shaft, or the driving mechanisms are correspondingly arranged on only some of the transmission shafts.

[0394] Bearings 25 are mounted in the lower bearing seats 271, a bearing 25 is mounted in the upper bearing seat 275, in the present embodiment, the bearings uses conical bearings, the bearings located within the lower bearing seat are mounted in an opposite direction to the bearing located within the upper bearing seat.

[0395] Transmission shafts 23 are mounted between the bearings located within the lower bearing seat and the bearing located within the upper bearing seat, and the lower ends of the transmission shafts 23 extend out of the smash-ridging box 21; a feeding hole 231 axially passes through the transmission shafts 23.

[0396] Each power input member 24 is a gear which is mounted on each of the transmission shafts, and the lower surface of the gear abuts against the shaft shoulders of the transmission shafts; when one of the transmission shafts is connected with the driving mechanism, the adjacent gears are engaged with each other. A shaft sleeve 2771 is arranged between the inner ring of the conical bearing located within the upper bearing seat 275 and the gear.

[0397] As shown in FIG. 18, a forward lock nut 2772 is connected to the transmission shaft 23 by screw thread above the upper conical bearing, the forward lock nut 2772 is in contact with the inner ring of the upper conical bearing; a reverse lock nut (no shown) is arranged above the forward lock nut 2772 on the transmission shaft 23; the diameter of the transmission shaft on which the forward lock nut 2772 is arranged is larger than that of the transmission shaft on which the reverse lock nut is arranged, the upper surface of the forward lock nut 2772 is higher than that of the transmission shaft on which the forward lock nut 2772 is arranged and the reverse lock nut is in contact with the forward lock nut 2772.

[0398] By adopting above structure, the method for adjusting clearances of conical bearings is as follows: firstly rotating the forward lock nut 2772 to allow the forward lock nut 2772 interact with the inner ring of the upper conical bearing to promote the axial movement of the inner ring of the upper conical bearing so as to achieve the purpose of the adjustment on the clearances of conical bearings; when the forward lock nut 2772 is rotated in place, the reverse lock nut is reversely locked to allow the reverse lock nut come in contact with the forward lock nut 2772 to prevent the forward lock nut 2772 from loosening; in this way, adjusted clearances cannot change at random so that the adjustment accuracy of the clearances of conical bearings is high and the transmission performance of the transmission shaft is stable.

[0399] The spiral drill rod 26 comprises a rod body 261, a spiral piece 262 and a blade. The rod body 261 is connected to the transmission shaft 23 through a flange 265, the rod body 261 has an axially extending hole which is communicated with feeding holes 231 on the transmission shaft, and a discharging hole 2611, which is communicated with the hole and extends radially, is arranged on the rod body 261, in this way, pesticides, water, fertilizers and so on can be infused into the feeding holes 231 on the transmission shaft and enters the deep soil through the hole and the discharging hole 2611 so as to achieve the purpose of deep applications of the pesticides, water and fertilizers, and this process can be simultaneously performed while subsoiling, thereby improving the efficiency; the spiral piece 262 is welded on the rod body 261, and blades are fixed on the spiral piece 262.

[0400] As shown in FIG. 19, one end of the transmission shaft 23 is a conical shaft 232, at one end of which a screw rod 233 is arranged. A conical hole 2651 matching with the conical shaft and a through-hole 2652 through which the screw rod passes are formed in the flange 265, on which a counterbore 2653 is formed at an opposite side to the conical hole, and the conical hole 2651, the through-hole 2652 and the counterbore 2653 are communicated with each other; the conical shaft 232 is arranged in the conical hole 2651, the screw rod 233 passes through the through-hole 2652 and extends into the counterbore 2653, in which a lock nut 266 connected with the screw rod is arranged.

[0401] A gland 268 is fixed on the screw rod 233 through more than two lock bolts 267. A boss 2681 is arranged on the upper surface of the gland 268 and is pressed fit on the end surface of a lock nut 266, a gap is reserved between the gland 268 and the end surface of the screw rod, and the gland and the counterbore are transition fit so as to prevent large particulate matters entering the counterbore and have the protecting effect on the lock nut 266; and a counterbore is formed in the gland 268, the head of the lock bolt is located in the counterbore so as to have the protecting effect on the head of the lock bolts.

[0402] According to above structure, the gland 268 is fixed on the screw rod 233 through more than two lock bolts 267, in this way, the gland 268 itself cannot rotate relative to the screw rod 233; since the boss 2681 of the gland is pressed fit on the end surface of the lock nut 266, the lock nut 266 has no rotatable space, no phenomenon that the lock nut 266 loosens can occur, thereby improving the reliability of the matching between the conical shaft and the conical hole, the power transmission is reliably realized and it is very convenient to fix the gland 268; in addition, when the phenomena that the conical shaft 233 and conical hole 2651 are worn occurs, the gland 268 can be dismounted to further tighten the lock nut 266 and then the gland 268 is locked again using the lock bolts 267; since the clearance is reserved between the gland 268 and the end surface of the spiral rod, the gland has movement space in the direction towards the spiral rod and thus even if the lock nut 266 is further locked, the boss 2681 of the gland can also be pressed fit on the lock nut 266 to prevent the lock nut from loosening and thus the fit clearance between the conical shaft and the conical hole can be adjusted as desired without replacing parts and the adjustment can also be performed at present.

[0403] The assembly method of the smash-ridging device is as follows:

[0404] (1) welding a lower bearing seats 271 onto a bottom plate 211, and welding an upper bearing seat 275 onto a top plate 213.

[0405] (2) welding the bottom plate 211, side plates 212 and the top plate 213 together to form a smash-ridging box 21; welding a first connection lug 29, a flattening device connection lug 210, a second connection lug 220, a third connection lug 230 and an articulated seat 240 onto the smash-ridging box.

[0406] (3) mounting bearings in the lower bearing seats 271, mounting a bearing in the upper bearing seat 275, wherein the bearings are conical bearings, the conical bearings in the lower bearing seats 271 are mounted forwardly, and the bearing in the upper bearing seat 275 is mounted reversely.

[0407] (4) extending the transmission shaft 23 from the lower end of the smash-ridging box through bearings in the lower bearing seat into the smash-ridging box, mounting a power output member 24 onto the transmission shaft 23 when the upper end of the transmission shaft 23 is at the central section of the smash-ridging box, then wrapping a shaft sleeve 2771 on the transmission shaft 23, after that, continuing to push the transmission shaft upwards to mount the upper end of the transmission shaft into the bearing in the upper bearing seat 275.

[0408] (5) locking a forward lock nut 2772 at the upper end of the transmission shaft 23 so that forward lock nut 2772 is in contact with the bearing inner ring within the upper bearing seat 275 to facilitate the axial movement of the bearing inner ring within the upper bearing seat 275 so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the clearance of the conical bearing and after the clearance of the conical bearing has been adjusted, locking the reverse lock nut in reversed direction.

[0409] (6) mounting a lower bearing end cover 281 and an upper bearing end cover 282.

[0410] (7) mounting a driving mechanism 22.

[0411] (8) mounting a flange 265 of which the mounting process is as follows: making a conical hole 2651, through-holes 2652 and a counterbore 2653 pass through the screw rod 233, fitting the conical shaft 232 with the conical hole 2651, locking the lock nut 266 at the lower end of the screw rod 233, pressing the gland 268 into the counterbore 2653 to make the bosses 2681 come in contact with the end surface of the lock nut 266 and locking the lock bolt 267.

[0412] (9) mounting a spiral drill rod 26 onto the flange 265.

[0413] The assembly method of the smash-ridging device is simple and high in precision.

[0414] As show in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIGS. 20 and 21, the connection device 3 comprises a connection frame 31, a connection supporting plate 32, a guide sliding rod 33, a connecting nut 34, a sliding sleeve frame 35 and a lifting oil cylinder 36.

[0415] As show in FIG. 21, the connection frame 31 comprises a plurality of horizontal beams 311, longitudinal beams 312, vertical beams 313, a first inclined strut 314 and a second inclined strut 315. The longitudinal beams 312 consist of lower longitudinal beams and upper longitudinal beams, wherein the lower longitudinal beams are welded at both ends of the horizontal beam 311 or are welded on the central section of the horizontal beam 311; the vertical beams 313 are welded on the lower longitudinal beams close to the rear section; the upper longitudinal beams are welded on the upper end of the vertical beam; a first inclined strut 314 is welded between the front end of the horizontal beam and the upper end of the vertical beam; the second inclined strut 315 is welded between the vertical beams; the connection frame 31 with this structure is simple in structure and good in force-bearing performance and can bear the heavier smash-ridging device.

[0416] The horizontal beams 311, the longitudinal beams 312, the vertical beams 313, the first inclined strut 314 and the second inclined strut 315 all use square tubes and are internally communicated with each other, so that oil chambers are formed within the horizontal beams 311, the longitudinal beams 312, the vertical beams 313, the first inclined strut 314 and the second inclined strut 315 and are used for being filled with diesel and thus the volume of the oil tank is increased by the existing structure.

[0417] As shown in FIG. 21, the connection supporting plate is welded on the lower longitudinal beams and the upper longitudinal beams, respectively.

[0418] The guide sliding rod 33 passes through the connection supporting plate 32, and the guide sliding rod comprises a guide sliding rod body and a chrome coating, which is coated on the outer surface of the guide sliding rod body. By coating the chrome coating, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and so on can be improved.

[0419] A connecting nut 34 is arranged below the lower connection supporting plate on the guide sliding rod 33; a connecting nut 34 is arranged above the upper connection supporting plate on the guide sliding rod 33 and thus the guide sliding rod 33 can be very conveniently mounted and dismounted by means of the upper and lower connecting nuts 34.

[0420] As shown in FIG. 21, the sliding sleeve frame 35 comprises a sliding sleeve 351, a smash-ridging device connection seat 352 and a lifting oil cylinder seat 353. The sliding sleeve 351 sleeves the guide sliding rod 33 slidely, dustproof rings are arranged between the sliding sleeve 351 and the guide sliding rod 33 and located on the upper and lower ends of the sliding sleeve 351, respectively, the dustproof rings have dustproof and waterproof effects, can prevent the lubricating oil between the sliding sleeve 351 and the guide sliding rod 33 from losing in a short time, thereby improving the lubricating performance. The smash-ridging device connection seat 352 is welded on the sliding sleeve 351, and a mounting hole 3521 is formed in the smash-ridging device connection seat 352. The lifting oil cylinder seat 353 is welded on the smash-ridging device connection seat 352 and comprises a lifting oil cylinder seat body 3531 and a rib plate 3532 which is welded between the lifting oil cylinder seat body and the smash-ridging device connection seat 352.

[0421] An oil cylinder articulated seat 37 is fixed on the lower connection supporting plate, the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 36 is articulated on the oil cylinder articulated seat, and the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed on the lifting oil cylinder seat 353. For the subsoiling smash-ridging machine of the present invention, since it is required that the stroke of the lifting oil cylinder is relatively long, the lifting oil cylinder 36 has larger length, the distance between the fixation point of the lifting oil cylinder body and the articulated seat 37 is reduced when the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed on the lifting oil cylinder seat 353 and it is uneasy for the lifting oil cylinder 36 to bent and deform when it works so that it has good load-carrying capacity; in addition, by adopting the fixing structure compared to the structure that the upper end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed to the lifting oil cylinder seat, the height of the connection frame is much lower, thereby decreasing the vertical height of the connection frame as well as the height of the entire subsoiling smash-ridging machine.

[0422] The smash-ridging device is fixed on the smash-ridging device connection seat 353 through a bolt which passes through the mounting hole 3521, in this way, it is convenient and rapid to mount the smash-ridging device and the smash-ridging device can be dismounted integrally.

[0423] The assembly method of the connection device 3 is as follows:

[0424] (1) welding horizontal beams 311, longitudinal beams 312, vertical beams 313, a first inclined strut 314 and a second inclined strut 315 together to form a connection frame 31.

[0425] (2) welding a connection supporting plate 32 on a lower longitudinal beam and an upper longitudinal beam, respectively.

[0426] (3) making one end of a guide sliding rod 33 downwards pass through the upper connection supporting plate, then enabling a sliding sleeve 351 of a sliding sleeve frame 35 sleeve the guide sliding rod 33, after that, sequentially moving the guide sliding rod 33 downwards to pass through the lower connection supporting plate, and then locking the connecting nut 34 at the upper end of the guide sliding rod 33 and the connecting nut 34 at the lower end of the guide sliding rod 33 to fix the guide sliding rod 33, respectively.

[0427] (4) fixing an articulated seat 37 on the lower connection supporting plate, fixing a cylinder body of a lifting oil cylinder 36 on a lifting oil cylinder seat 353, and articulating the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 36 onto the articulated seat 37.

Embodiment 4

[0428] The present embodiment compared to embodiment 3 has the same other structures as those of embodiment 3 except the connection device. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 32 to 34, the connection device 3 comprises two connecting rod mechanisms and a connecting rod 310a connected to the two connecting rod mechanisms. Each connecting rod mechanism comprises a connecting rod seat 30a, a first connecting rod 31a, a second connecting rod 32a, a third connecting rod 33a, a fourth connecting rod 34a and a driving oil cylinder 35a. The connecting rod seat 30a is fixed on a supporting platform; the lower end of the first connecting rod 31a is articulated on the rear end of the connecting rod seat 30a; one end of the second connecting rod 32a is articulated at the middle lower position of the first connecting rod 31a and the other end of the second connecting rod 32a is articulated on the first connection lug 29; one end of the third connecting rod 33a is articulated at the upper end of the first connecting rod 31a and the other end of the third connecting rod 33a is articulated on the second connection lug 220 and the third connecting rod 33a and second connecting rod 32a are arranged in parallel to each other; one end of the fourth connecting rod 34a is articulated at the middle upper position of the first connecting rod 31a and the other end of the fourth connecting rod 34a is articulated on the third connecting rod 33a; and one end of the driving oil cylinder 35a is articulated on the connecting rod seat 30a and the other end of the driving oil cylinder 35a is articulated in the middle of the first connecting rod 31a.

[0429] By adopting the connection device with above structure, the turn-over and vertical movement of the smash-ridging device can be achieved so as to facilitate subsoiling and smash-ridging.

Embodiment 5

[0430] As shown in FIG. 35, a walking mechanism for preventing a lower guide wheel from falling off comprises walking mechanisms 11, for a subsoiling machine, generally, the walking mechanisms are two, between which a chassis is fixed.

[0431] Each of walking mechanisms 11 comprises a wheel stand 111, a driving wheel 112, a driven wheel 113, a lower guide wheel 114, an upper guide wheel 115 and a crawler 116.

[0432] As shown in FIGS. 36 and 37, the wheel stand 111 comprises a longitudinal beam 11a, an upper cover 12a, an end plate 13a and a connection lug 14a.

[0433] A through-groove 111a is formed at one end of the longitudinal beam 11a from top to bottom; the upper cover 12a is welded on the longitudinal beam 11a and located above the through-groove 111a; the end plate 13a is welded at the other end of the longitudinal beam 11a; and connection lug 14a is welded in the end plate 13a.

[0434] More than two lower guide wheel accommodation cavities are formed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam 11a, a second mounting hole is formed at the position corresponding to the lower guide wheel accommodation cavities on the bottom of the longitudinal beam 11a and the second mounting hole is a lower open groove 112a; as shown in FIG. 36, the lower open groove 112a comprises a lower circle-arc segment 1121a and lower straight-line segments 1122a extending from both ends of the lower circle-arc segment towards the same side; when a mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel is mounted, the lower straight-line segments have the guiding effect. In addition, after the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel has been mounted, the possibility that the mounting shaft corresponding to the lower guide wheel slides off the longitudinal beam 11a can be reduced and by adopting the lower circle-arc segment 1121a, the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel can coincide with and come in contact with the lower open groove 112a and the wear between the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel and the longitudinal beam 11a can be reduced. As shown in FIG. 37, an anti-falling piece 18 is fixed at the lower open groove on the longitudinal beam 11a via a bolt and is provided with an annular hole 181.

[0435] As shown in FIG. 35, a part of the lower guide wheel 114 is located within the lower guide wheel accommodation cavity, the lower guide wheel 114 is mounted on the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel, the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel passes through the lower open groove 112a and the annular hole 181 and a lock nut 19 is mounted on the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel located outside the anti-falling piece 18. When the lower guide wheel 114 at the bottom of the wheel stand 111 is mounted, the lower guide wheel 114 is firstly mounted onto the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel and the lower guide wheel 114 and the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel are then integrally mounted onto the wheel stand 111 so as to allow a part of the lower guide wheel 114 to be accommodated in the lower guide wheel accommodation cavity and the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel to be snapped into the lower open groove 112a from the opening of the lower open groove 112a, the anti-falling piece 18 is then fixed to the longitudinal beam 11a to allow the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel to pass through the annular hole 181 without firstly aligning the lower guide wheel 114 with the lower open groove 112a to insert the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel so that the lower guide wheel 114 is very conveniently mounted compared to the prior art. In addition, whether the crawler 116 is separated from the lower guide wheel 114 or not, since the annular hole 181 are formed in the anti-falling piece 18, the separation of the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel from the wheel stand 111 can be limited via the anti-falling piece 18, and moreover, the anti-falling piece 18 is mounted later so that the lower guide wheel 114 is conveniently mounted.

[0436] Two supporting lugs 15a arranged in parallel are welded at the top of the longitudinal beam 11a, locating at the middle part of the longitudinal beam. Upper open grooves 151a are formed in the supporting lugs 15a. As shown in FIG. 37, each upper open groove 151a comprises an upper circle-arc segment 1511a and upper straight-line segments 1512a extending from both ends of the upper circle-arc segment 1511a towards the same side. The upper straight-line segments 1512a have the guiding effect on the mounting of the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel. In addition, after the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel has been mounted, the possibility that the mounting shaft corresponding to the lower guide wheel slides off the supporting lugs 15 can be reduced and by adopting the upper circle-arc segment 1511a, the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel can coincide with and come in contact with the upper open groove 151a and the wear between the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel and the supporting lugs 15a can be reduced.

[0437] As shown in FIG. 35, when the upper guide wheel 115 is mounted, the upper guide wheel 115 is firstly mounted onto the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel and the upper guide wheel 115 and mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel are then integrally mounted onto the supporting lugs 15a so as to allow the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel to be snapped into the upper open groove 151a from the opening of the upper open groove 151a without firstly aligning the upper guide wheel 115 with the upper open groove 151a to insert the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel compared to the prior art so that the upper guide wheel 115 is very conveniently mounted.

[0438] As shown in FIG. 36, a U-shaped groove 16a is formed at one side of the wheel stand 111 at the joint between the longitudinal beam 11a and the upper cover 12a, an avoiding groove 121a is formed in the upper cover 12a. After the driven wheel 113 is mounted, the avoiding groove 121a is used for avoiding the driven wheel 113. By arranging the upper cover 12a on the longitudinal beam 11a, the bending resistance as well as strength of the wheel stand 111 can both be improved.

[0439] As shown in FIG. 38, sliding grooves 17a are formed at two side walls of a through-groove 111a on the wheel stand, respectively; a tensioning device 1-2 is arranged within the through-groove 111a.

[0440] As shown in FIG. 40, the tensioning device 1-2 comprises a sliding block 1-21 and a linear driving mechanism 1-22.

[0441] As shown in FIGS. 39-40, the sliding block which is U-shaped comprises a connection plate 1-211 and supporting plates 1-212 extending from both ends of the connection plate 1-211 towards the same direction, the supporting plates 1-212 is arranged within the sliding grooves 17a slidely; and mounting holes 1-2121 each of which the diameter is larger than that of the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel are formed in the supporting plates 1-212. The mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel passes through the mounting holes 1-2121 and is fixed on the supporting plates 1-212. By adopting the U-shaped sliding block and using two supporting plates, two-point supporting of the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel is achieved so that the mounting shaft corresponding to the driven wheel is well under stress. In addition, by arranging the mounting holes each of which the diameter is larger than that of the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel, when the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel is mounted, the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel has fine-adjusted space.

[0442] As shown in FIG. 40, the linear driving mechanism 1-22 comprises a bearing seat 1-221, a lead screw 1-222 and a nut 1-223, wherein the bearing seat 1-221 is fixed within the through-groove 111a, the lead screw 1-222 is arranged on the bearing seat 1-221 via a bearing, the nut 1-223 is fixed on the connection plate 1-211 of the sliding block and the lead screw 1-222 is meshed with the nut 1-223 and can pass through the connection plate 1-211, the lead screw 1-222 is provided with a driving part 1-2221 of which the cross section is polygon and a window 1111a communicated with the through-groove is arranged at the position corresponding to the driving part on the longitudinal beam 11a. By arranging the window 1111a, a tool extends within through-groove 111a to allow the tool act on the driving part 1-2221 to rotate the lead screw 1-222, the sliding block 1-21 makes linear movement along the sliding grooves 17a under the action of the nut 1-223 so as to achieve the purpose that the driven wheel 113 mounted on the sliding block 1-21 is adjusted and realize the adjustment of the tensioning force. A cover plate is fixed at the position corresponding to the window on the wheel stand 111, which has dustproof, waterproof and protecting effects. The linear driving mechanism is simple in structure, low in cost and small in occupation space.

[0443] As shown in FIG. 35, a driving wheel 112 is mounted on the connection lug 14a. The crawler 116 sleeves the driving wheel 112, the lower guide wheel 114, the driven wheel 113 and the upper guide wheel 115.

Embodiment 6

[0444] As shown in FIG. 36, a crawler frame of a subsoiling machine comprises a wheel stand 111 and a tensioning device 1-2. As shown in FIGS. 36 and 37, the wheel stand 111 comprises a longitudinal beam 11a, an upper cover 12a, an end plate 13a and a connection lug 14a.

[0445] A through-groove 111a is formed at one end of the longitudinal beam 11a from top to bottom; the upper cover 12a is welded on the longitudinal beam 11a and located above the through-groove 111a; the end plate 13a is welded at the other end of the longitudinal beam 11a; and connection lug 14a is welded in the end plate 13a.

[0446] More than two lower guide wheel accommodation cavities are formed at the bottom of the longitudinal beam 11a, a second mounting hole is formed at the position corresponding to the lower guide wheel accommodation cavities on the bottom of the longitudinal beam 11a and the second mounting hole is a lower open groove 112a; as shown in FIG. 36, the lower open groove 112a comprises a lower circle-arc segment 1121a and lower straight-line segments 1122a extending from both ends of the lower circle-arc segment towards the same side; when a mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel is mounted, the lower straight-line segments have the guiding effect. In addition, after the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel has been mounted, the possibility that the mounting shaft corresponding to the lower guide wheel slides off the longitudinal beam 11a can be reduced and by adopting the lower circle-arc segment 1121a, the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel can coincide with and come in contact with the lower open groove 112a and the wear between the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel and the longitudinal beam 11a can be reduced.

[0447] As shown in FIG. 35, a part of the lower guide wheel 114 is located within the lower guide wheel accommodation cavity, the lower guide wheel 114 is mounted on the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel, the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel passes through the lower open groove 112a and the annular hole 181. When the lower guide wheel 114 at the bottom of the wheel stand 111 is mounted, the lower guide wheel 114 is firstly mounted onto the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel and the lower guide wheel 114 and the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel are then integrally mounted onto the wheel stand 111 so as to allow a part of the lower guide wheel 114 to be accommodated in the lower guide wheel accommodation cavity and the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel to be snapped into the lower open groove 112a from the opening of the lower open groove 112a without firstly aligning the lower guide wheel 114 with the lower open groove 112a to insert the mounting shaft 114a corresponding to the lower guide wheel compared to the prior art so that the lower guide wheel 114 is very conveniently mounted.

[0448] Two supporting lugs 15a arranged in parallel are welded at top of the longitudinal beam 11a and located at the middle part of the longitudinal beam 11a. Upper open grooves 151a are formed in the supporting lugs 15a. As shown in FIG. 37, each upper open groove 151a comprises an upper circle-arc segment 1511a and upper straight-line segments 1512a extending from both ends of the upper circle-arc segment 1511a towards the same side. The upper straight-line segments 1512a have the guiding effect on the mounting of the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel. In addition, after the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel has been mounted, the possibility that the mounting shaft corresponding to the lower guide wheel slides off the supporting lugs 15 can be reduced and by adopting the upper circle-arc segment 1511a, the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel can coincide with and come in contact with the upper open groove 151a and the wear between the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel and the supporting lugs 15a can be reduced.

[0449] As shown in FIG. 35, when the upper guide wheel 115 is mounted, the upper guide wheel 115 is firstly mounted onto the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel and the upper guide wheel 115 and mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel are then integrally mounted onto the supporting lugs 15a so as to allow the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel to be snapped into the upper open groove 151a from the opening of the upper open groove 151a without firstly aligning the upper guide wheel 115 with the upper open groove 151a to insert the mounting shaft 115a corresponding to the upper guide wheel compared to the prior art so that the upper guide wheel 115 is very conveniently mounted.

[0450] As shown in FIG. 36, a U-shaped groove 16a is formed at one side of the wheel stand 111 at the joint between the longitudinal beam 11a and the upper cover 12a, an avoiding groove 121a is formed in the upper cover 12a. After the driven wheel 113 is mounted, the avoiding groove 121a is used for avoiding the driven wheel 113. By arranging the upper cover 12a on the longitudinal beam 11a, the bending resistance as well as strength of the wheel stand 111 can both be improved.

[0451] As shown in FIG. 38, sliding grooves 17a are formed at two side walls of a through-groove 111a on the wheel stand, respectively; a tensioning device 1-2 is arranged within the through-groove 111a.

[0452] As shown in FIG. 40, the tensioning device 1-2 comprises a sliding block 1-21 and a linear driving mechanism 1-22.

[0453] As shown in FIGS. 39-40, the sliding block which is U-shaped comprises a connection plate 1-211 and supporting plates 1-212 extending from both ends of the connection plate 1-211 towards the same direction, the supporting plates 1-212 is arranged within the sliding grooves 17a slidely; and mounting holes 1-2121 each of which the diameter is larger than that of the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel are formed in the supporting plates 1-212. The mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel passes through the mounting holes 1-2121 and is fixed on the supporting plates 1-212. By adopting the U-shaped sliding block and using two supporting plates, two-point supporting of the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel is achieved so that the mounting shaft corresponding to the driven wheel is well under stress. In addition, by arranging the mounting holes each of which the diameter is larger than that of the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel, when the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel is mounted, the mounting shaft 113a corresponding to the driven wheel has fine-adjusted space.

[0454] As shown in FIG. 40, the linear driving mechanism 1-22 comprises a bearing seat 1-221, a lead screw 1-222 and a nut 1-223, wherein the bearing seat 1-221 is fixed within the through-groove 111a, the lead screw 1-222 is arranged on the bearing seat 1-221 via a bearing, the nut 1-223 is fixed on the connection plate 1-211 of the sliding block and the lead screw 1-222 is meshed with the nut 1-223 and can pass through the connection plate 1-211, the lead screw 1-222 is provided with a driving part 1-2221 of which the cross section is polygon and a window 1111a communicated with the through-groove is arranged at the position corresponding to the driving part on the longitudinal beam 11a. By arranging the window 1111a, a tool extends within through-groove 111a to allow the tool act on the driving part 1-2221 to rotate the lead screw 1-222, the sliding block 1-21 makes linear movement along the sliding grooves 17a under the action of the nut 1-223 so as to achieve the purpose that the driven wheel 113 mounted on the sliding block 1-21 is adjusted and realize the adjustment of the tensioning force. A cover plate, which has dustproof, waterproof and protecting effects, is fixed at the position corresponding to the window on the wheel stand 111. The linear driving mechanism is simple in structure, low in cost and small in occupation space.

[0455] As shown in FIG. 35, a driving wheel 112 is mounted on the connection lug 14a. The crawler 116 sleeves the driving wheel 112, the lower guide wheel 114, the driven wheel 113 and the upper guide wheel 115.

Embodiment 7

[0456] As shown in FIG. 41, the present invention comprises a vehicle frame 12b, crawler devices, a driving cab 15, a hydraulic oil tank 14, a diesel engine component, a connection device 3, a smash-ridging device 3 and a cooler 15, wherein two sets of the crawler devices 11b are arranged at both sides of the lower part of the vehicle frame 12b each of which comprises a crawler wheel and a crawler 116, the crawler wheel is arranged on the vehicle frame 12b, the crawler 116 is mounted on the crawler wheel which comprises the driving wheel 112, the driven wheel 113, the lower guide wheel 114 and the upper guide wheel 115. The driving cab 16, the diesel engine component, the hydraulic oil tank 14, the cooler 15 and the connection device 3 are arranged on the platform surface of the vehicle frame 12b, and the smash-ridging device 2 is arranged on the connection device 3 and a diesel engine hood for covering the diesel engine component is arranged on the platform surface of the vehicle frame 12b. When a spiral type deep-ploughing subsoiling machine operates via the smash-ridging device, since two sets of the crawler devices are arranged at both sides of the lower part of the vehicle frame 12b of the spiral type deep-ploughing subsoiling machine, the spiral type deep-ploughing subsoiling machine has stronger driving capability by driving respective crawler device, thereby meeting the demand of driving on complex terrain.

Embodiment 8

[0457] As shown in FIGS. 42 and 43, a smash-ridging device comprises a smash-ridging box 21, a driving mechanism 22, a transmission system, bearings 25 and a spiral drill rod 26.

[0458] The smash-ridging box 21 comprises a bottom plate, side plates and a top plate and a cavity is formed within the smash-ridging box.

[0459] The driving mechanism 22 is a hydraulic motor or an electric machine and so on. The driving mechanism 22 is mounted in the smash-ridging box and drives one of transmission shafts to rotate.

[0460] The transmission system comprises transmission shafts 23 and gears and is located within the smash-ridging box 21. The transmission shafts 23 are mounted within the smash-ridging box 21 via bearings 25 and pass through the smash-ridging box 21. Gears are mounted on each transmission shaft 23 and adjacent gears are meshed with each other. The spiral drill rod 26 is connected to the transmission shafts 23 via a flange.

[0461] As shown in FIGS. 45 and 46, one of the side plates comprising a plate body 2121 is arranged in the front of the smash-ridging box, and an extended mounting flange 250 is arranged on the plate body 2121, the extended mounting flange 13 and the plate body are in surface contact while the extended mounting flange 250 can be welded onto the plate body 2121 and can also be connected via bolts, in this way, as shown in FIG. 44, other parts can be connected onto and dismounted from the extended mounting flange at any time without destroying the smash-ridging box 21.

[0462] An articulated seat 240 is arranged on the plate body 2121 and comprises a connection seat 2401 and connection lugs 2402, which extend towards the direction away from the connection seat from the both sides of the connection seat, an accommodation groove is formed between two connection lugs, and articulated holes are formed in the two connection lugs, respectively. The articulated seat 240 with such structure is convenient to process and high in strength and furthermore, as shown in FIG. 44, other parts can be connected without destroying the smash-ridging box 21.

[0463] A flattening device connection lug 210 extending downwards slantingly is arranged at the lower part of the plate body 2121 and is convenient to connect the flattening device. A second bearing plate 2101 is formed backwards in the middle of the flattening device connection lug 210. The second bearing plate 2101 can abut against the bottom of the smash-ridging box so that the phenomenon of breakage between the flattening device connection lug and the plate body is uneasy to occur.

Embodiment 9

[0464] As shown in FIGS. 42 and 43, a smash-ridging device comprises a smash-ridging box 21, a driving mechanism 22, a transmission system, bearings 25 and a spiral drill rod 26.

[0465] The smash-ridging box 21 comprises a bottom plate, side plates and a top plate and a cavity is formed within the smash-ridging box.

[0466] The driving mechanism 22 is a hydraulic motor or an electric machine and so on. The driving mechanism 22 is mounted in the smash-ridging box and drives one of transmission shafts to rotate.

[0467] The transmission system comprises transmission shafts 23 and gears and is located within the smash-ridging box 21. The transmission shafts 23 are mounted within the smash-ridging box 21 via bearings 25 and pass through the smash-ridging box 21. Gears are mounted on each transmission shaft 23 and adjacent gears are meshed with each other. The spiral drill rod 26 is connected to the transmission shafts 23 via a flange.

[0468] As shown in FIGS. 47 and 48, one of the side plates comprising a plate body 2121 is arranged in the front of the smash-ridging box, manholes 21211 are formed in the plate body 2121, a flange 21212 is arranged around the manhole on the plate body 2121, mounting holes 212112 are formed in the plate body 2121 and the flange 21212, and a step is formed between the inside of the flange 21212 and the plate body 2121. Since parts such as a transmission system are all mounted within the smash-ridging box, the manholes 21211 are formed so as to mount, dismount and maintain the parts such as the transmission system; the flange 21212 is generally connected to the plate body by welding, after the mounting hole 212112 is formed in the position of the flange 21212, the strength of manhole covers fixed by bolts is improved and thus the side plates are not easy to damage. In addition, due to the arrangement of the flange 21212, after the manhole covers are mounted, a distance equal to or greater than the thickness of the flange exists between the manhole covers and the plate body so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the manhole covers; by arranging the step, the welding seam between the plate body 2121 and the inside of the flange can be increased, thereby improving the strength of the connection between the flange 21212 and the plate body 2121. In addition, the step can also have position-limiting and positioning effects on a seal ring so that the sealing property between the manhole covers and the side plates is improved.

[0469] Further, a seal groove is formed in the flange 21212. The seal groove can accommodate the seal ring and limit the position of the seal ring, thereby improving the sealing property. After the manhole covers are mounted, sealing oil can be injected into the seal groove instead of arranging the seal ring so as to achieve the sealing effect.

[0470] An extended mounting flange 250 is arranged on the plate body 2121, as shown in FIG. 44, other parts can be connected onto and dismounted from the extended mounting flange 250 at any time without destroying the smash-ridging box 21.

[0471] An articulated seat 240 is arranged on the plate body 2121 and comprises a connection seat 2401 and connection lugs 2402, which extend towards the direction away from the connection seat from the both sides of the connection seat, an accommodation groove is formed between two connection lugs, and articulated holes are formed in the two connection lugs, respectively. The articulated seat 240 with such structure is convenient to process and high in strength and furthermore, as shown in FIG. 44, other parts can be connected without destroying the smash-ridging box 21.

[0472] A flattening device connection lug 210 extending downwards slantingly is arranged at the lower part of the plate body 2121 and is convenient to connect the flattening device.

Embodiment 10

[0473] As shown in FIGS. 49 to 51, a smash-ridging device 2 comprises a smash-ridging box 21, a driving mechanism 22, transmission shafts, power input members 24, bearings 25 and a spiral drill rod 26.

[0474] The smash-ridging box 21 comprises a bottom plate 211, side plates 212 and a top plate 213 and the lower end surfaces of the side plates 212 are welded on the bottom plate 211, and the top plate 213 is welded on the upper end surfaces of the side plates 212.

[0475] The driving mechanism 22 is a hydraulic motor or an electric machine and so on. The driving mechanism 22 is mounted on the top plate 213 and drives one of transmission shafts to rotate.

[0476] The transmission shafts 23 are mounted within the smash-ridging box 21 via bearings 25 and pass through the smash-ridging box 21. Each power input member is a gear, and the gear is mounted on each transmission shaft 23 and adjacent gears are meshed with each other. The spiral drill rod 26 is connected to the transmission shafts 23 via a flange.

[0477] As shown in FIGS. 51 to 53, more than two lower through-holes are formed in the bottom plate 211, lower bearing seats 271 extending upwardly are welded on the inner walls of the lower through-holes, the lower bearing seats 271 protrude from the upper surface of the bottom plate, the height of protruding part of the lower bearing seat is larger than the width of two bearings, rib plates are welded between adjacent lower bearing seats so as to improve the strength of the bearing seat 271.

[0478] A lower boss 272 is formed by extending downwardly each lower bearing seat 271 and protruding from the lower surface of the bottom plate and is used for mounting lower bearing end covers. After the lower boss 272 is arranged, on one hand, the strength of the bottom plate is improved and on the other hand, a certain distance can be reserved between the lower bearing end cover and the bottom plate 211 so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the lower bearing end cover.

[0479] As shown in FIG. 50, a bearing part is arranged at the lower surface of the bottom plate 211, connection lugs 7a are welded on the side plates 212 and supporting plates 71a, which support the bearing part, extending inwardly are arranged on the connection lugs 7a. Since the bottom plate 211 is welded on the side plates 212, a phenomenon of stress concentration is easily formed at the welding seam, thus cracks are easily formed at the connection between the bottom plate 211 and side plates 212 which can even make them completely separated. After the bearing part is arranged, it can have bearing effect on the bottom plate using the action of the bearing plates 71a on the bearing part and thus better connection strength of the bottom plate and the side plates is achieved.

[0480] According to the structure of the present invention, it is convenient to weld the bearing seat 271 by forming the lower through-holes. In the present embodiment, the lower bearing seats 271 and the bottom plate 211 are in split type and welded together when being connected, therefore, separate bottom plate 211 and the lower bearing seats 271 are easy to manufacture, thereby reducing the manufacture cost; since the lower bearing seats 271 extend upwards, it is located within the smash-ridging box and thus, on one hand, the contour dimension of the smash-ridging box 21 can be reduced, on the other hand, it can have protecting effect on the lower bearing seats. In addition, during the use, the smash-ridging box 21 can be filled with lubricating oil, while by adopting the arrangement of the lower bearing seats 271, it is more easier for lubricating oil within the smash-ridging box 21 to lubricate bearings within the lower bearing seats 271; since the height of the protruding part of the lower bearing seats 271 is larger than the widths of more than two bearings, more than two bearings can be mounted within the lower bearing seat, thereby improving the stability of the bearing seat.

Embodiment 11

[0481] As shown in FIGS. 49, 50 and 54, a reinforced smash-ridging device comprises a reinforced smash-ridging box 21, a driving mechanism 22, transmission shafts 23, power input members 24, bearings 25 and a spiral drill rod 26.

[0482] The reinforced smash-ridging box 21 comprises a bottom plate 211, side plates 212 and a top plate 213 and the lower end surfaces of the side plates 212 are welded on the bottom plate 211, and the top plate 213 is welded on the upper end surfaces of the side plates 212.

[0483] The driving mechanism 22 is a hydraulic motor or an electric machine and so on. The driving mechanism 22 is mounted on the top plate 213 and drives one of transmission shafts to rotate.

[0484] The transmission shafts 23 are mounted within the reinforced smash-ridging box 21 via bearings 25 and pass through the reinforced smash-ridging box 21. Each power input member is a gear, the gear is mounted on each transmission shaft 23 and adjacent gears are meshed with each other. The spiral drill rod 26 is connected to the transmission shafts 23 via a flange.

[0485] As shown in FIGS. 54 and 55, more than two lower through-holes are formed in the bottom plate 211, lower bearing seats 271 extending upwardly are welded on the inner walls of the lower through-holes, the lower bearing seats 271 protrude from the upper surface of the bottom plate, the height of protruding part of each lower bearing seat is larger than the width of two bearings, rib plates 273 are welded between adjacent lower bearing seats and lubricating oil passages 271 are formed between the rib plates 273 and the bottom plate 211.

[0486] A lower boss 272 is formed by extending downwardly each lower bearing seat 271 and protruding from the lower surface of the bottom plate and is used for mounting lower bearing end covers. After the lower boss 272 is arranged, on one hand, the strength of the bottom plate is improved and on the other hand, a certain distance can be reserved between the lower bearing end cover and the lower surface of the bottom plate 211 so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the lower bearing end cover.

[0487] As shown in FIG. 50, a bearing part is arranged at the lower surface of the bottom plate 211, connection lugs 7a are welded on the side plates 212 and supporting plates 71a extending inwardly are arranged on the connection lugs 7a and support the bearing part. Since the bottom plate 211 is welded on the side plates 212, a phenomenon of stress concentration is easily formed at the welding seam, thus cracks are easily formed at the connection between the bottom plate 211 and side plates 212 which can even make them completely separated. After the bearing part is arranged, it can have bearing effect on the bottom plate using the action of the bearing plates 71a on the bearing part and thus better connection strength of the bottom plate and the side plates is achieved.

[0488] According to the structure of the present invention, it is convenient to weld the bearing seat 271 by forming the lower through-holes. In the present embodiment, the lower bearing seats 271 and the bottom plate 211 are in split type and welded together when being connected, therefore, separate bottom plate 211 and the lower bearing seats 271 are easy to manufacture, thereby reducing the manufacture cost; since the lower bearing seats 271 extend upwards and is located within the reinforced smash-ridging box and thus, on one hand, the contour dimension of the reinforced smash-ridging box 21 can be reduced, on the other hand, it can have protecting effect on the lower bearing seats. In addition, during the use, the reinforced smash-ridging box 21 can be filled with lubricating oil, while by adopting the arrangement of the lower bearing seats 271, it is more easier for lubricating oil within the reinforced smash-ridging box 21 to lubricate bearings within the lower bearing seats 271; in the present embodiment, due to the arrangement of the rib plates 273, the lower bearing seats 271 have higher strength and meanwhile due to the arrangement of the lubricating oil passengers 274, the lubricating oil can flow at the bottom of the reinforced smash-ridging box smoothly so as to achieve better lubricating effect. In addition, only both ends of the rib plates are welded with the lower bearing seats 271 during the welding and thus the welding process is simple and the welding is very easy; since the height of the protruding part of the lower bearing seats 271 is larger than the width of more than two bearings, more than two bearings can be mounted within the lower bearing seat, thereby improving the stability of the bearing seat.

Embodiment 12

[0489] A transmission device of a tillage device using a reverse conical bearing, as shown in FIGS. 56 and 58, comprises a flange 265, lower bearing end covers, lower bearing seats 271, bearings 25, transmission shafts 23, power input members 24, an upper bearing seat 275, a lock nut 2772 and an upper bearing cover 282, wherein the flange 265 and the power input members 24 are mounted on the transmission shafts 23, the bearings 25 are mounted at both ends of the power input members 24, the bearings 25 are mounted on the lower bearing seats 271 of the smash-ridging box or the chassis and are mounted on the upper bearing seat 275 of the smash-ridging box or the chassis, the bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats are positioned by a shaft shoulder, the bearing within the upper bearing seat is locked and positioned after the clearance of the bearing has been adjusted by means of the lock nut 2772, and the smash-ridging box or the chassis is sealed by the lower bearing end cover 282 and the upper bearing end cover.

[0490] The operating principle is as follows: by adopting the reverse conical bearing in the present invention, the whole structure in the reverse manner has better rigidity than that in the forward manner. The bearings 25 are mounted at both ends of each power input member 24 so that the bending moment of each transmission shaft 23 is decreased. The bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats and the lower bearing seats 271 are positioned by a shaft shoulder, the lower bearing seats 271 are located at the lower part of the smash-ridging box or chassis, when the transmission shafts 23 operate, it will bear the counter-acting force from the ground, the counter-acting force from the ground will be transmitted from the shaft shoulder to the bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats and then to the lower bearing seats 271 and the smash-ridging box or chassis by the bearings within the lower bearing seats. Since the lower bearing seats 271 are located at the lower part of the smash-ridging box or chassis, the self-weight of the smash-ridging box or chassis can cushion the counter-acting force from the ground so that the transmission shafts 23 are more stable during the operation. The bearing 25 within the upper shaft seat is locked and positioned after the bearing clearance has been adjusted by means of the lock nut 2772, the bearing within the upper bearing seat is located at the upper part of the smash-ridging box or chassis so that it is convenient for the lock nut 2772 to adjust the bearing clearance.

Embodiment 13

[0491] A transmission device of a tillage device using a reverse conical bearing, as shown in FIGS. 56 and 58, comprises a flange 265, lower bearing end covers, lower bearing seats 271, bearings 25, transmission shafts 23, power input members 24, an upper bearing seat 275, a lock nut 2772 and an upper bearing cover 282, wherein the flange 265 and the power input members 24 are mounted on the transmission shafts 23, the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted at both ends of the power input members 24, the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats are mounted on the lower bearing seats 271 of the smash-ridging box or the chassis and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted on the upper bearing seat 275 of the smash-ridging box or the chassis, the bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats are positioned by a shaft shoulder, the bearing 25 within the upper bearing seat is locked and positioned after the clearance of the bearing has been adjusted by means of the lock nut 2772, and the smash-ridging box or the chassis is sealed by the lower bearing end cover 282 and the upper bearing end cover.

[0492] The size of the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats is larger than that of bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat.

[0493] The operating principle is as follows: by adopting the reverse conical bearing in the present invention, the whole structure in the reverse manner has better rigidity than that in the forward manner. The bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted at both ends of the power input members 24 so that the bending moment of each transmission shaft 23 is decreased. The bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats and the lower bearing seats 271 are positioned by a shaft shoulder, the lower bearing seats 271 are located at the lower part of the smash-ridging box or chassis, when the transmission shafts 23 operate, it will bear the counter-acting force from the ground, the counter-acting force from the ground will be transmitted from the shaft shoulder to the bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats and then to the lower bearing seats 271 and the smash-ridging box or chassis by the bearings within the lower bearing seats. Since the lower bearing seats 271 are located at the lower part of the smash-ridging box or chassis, the self-weight of the smash-ridging box or chassis can cushion the counter-acting force from the ground so that the transmission shafts 23 are more stable during the operation. The bearing 25 within the upper shaft seat is locked and positioned after the bearing clearance has been adjusted by the lock nut 2772, the bearing 25 within the upper bearing seat is located at the upper part of the smash-ridging box or chassis so that it is convenient for the lock nut 2772 to adjust the bearing clearance.

[0494] The size of the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats is larger than that of bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat. Since the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats will bear the counter-acting force from the ground during the operation, the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats bear much more force than that borne by the bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat and thus the size of the he bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats is increased to facilitate to bear counter-acting force from the ground and achieve better operation effect.

Embodiment 14

[0495] A transmission device of a tillage device using a reverse conical bearing, as shown in FIGS. 56 and 58, comprises a flange 265, lower bearing end covers, lower bearing seats 271, bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats, transmission shafts 23, power input members 24, an upper bearing seat 275, bearing located within the upper bearing seat, a lock nut 2772 and an upper bearing cover 282, wherein the flange 265 and the power input members 24 are mounted on the transmission shafts 23, the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted at both ends of the power input members 24, the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats are mounted on the lower bearing seats 271 of the smash-ridging box or the chassis and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted on the upper bearing seat 275 of the smash-ridging box or the chassis, the bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats are positioned by a shaft shoulder, the clearance of the bearing 25 within the upper bearing seat has been adjusted by the lock nut 2772 and then the bearing is locked and positioned, and the smash-ridging box or the chassis is sealed by the lower bearing end cover 282 and the upper bearing end cover.

[0496] An elastic pad is arranged between the bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat and the lock nut 2772.

[0497] The operating principle is as follows: by adopting the reverse conical bearing in the present invention, the whole structure in the reverse manner has better rigidity than that in the forward manner. The bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted at both ends of the power input members 24 so that the bending moment of each transmission shaft 23 is decreased. The bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats and the lower bearing seats 271 are positioned by a shaft shoulder, the lower bearing seats 271 are located at the lower part of the smash-ridging box or chassis, when the transmission shafts 23 operate, it will bear the counter-acting force from the ground, the counter-acting force from the ground will be transmitted from the shaft shoulder to the bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats and then to the lower bearing seats 271 and the smash-ridging box or chassis by the bearings within the lower bearing seats. Since the lower bearing seats 271 are located at the lower part of the smash-ridging box or chassis, the self-weight of the smash-ridging box or chassis can cushion the counter-acting force from the ground so that the transmission shafts 23 are more stable during the operation. The bearing 25 within the upper shaft seat is locked and positioned after the bearing clearance has been adjusted by the lock nut 2772, the bearing 25 within the upper bearing seat is located at the upper part of the smash-ridging box or chassis so that it is convenient for the lock nut 2772 to adjust the bearing clearance.

[0498] The elastic pad is arranged between the bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat and the lock nut 2772. The elastic pad can enable the bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat and the lock nut 2772 to be combined fully and can produce a certain pre-tightening force so as to facilitate to cushion the axial loads.

Embodiment 15

[0499] A transmission device of a tillage device using a reverse conical bearing, as shown in FIGS. 57 and 58, comprises a flange 265, lower bearing end covers, lower bearing seats 271, bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats, transmission shafts 23, power input members 24, an upper bearing seat 275, a bearing located within the upper bearing seat, a lock nut 2772 and an upper bearing cover 282, wherein the flange 265 and the power input members 24 are mounted on the transmission shafts 23, the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted at both ends of the power input members 24, the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats are mounted on the lower bearing seats 271 of the smash-ridging box or the chassis and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted on the upper bearing seat 275 of the smash-ridging box or the chassis, the bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats are positioned by a shaft shoulder, the bearing 25 within the upper bearing seat is locked and positioned after the clearance of the bearing has been adjusted by the lock nut 2772, and the smash-ridging box or the chassis is sealed by the lower bearing end cover 282 and the upper bearing end cover.

[0500] The size of the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats is larger than that of bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat.

[0501] An elastic pad is arranged between the bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat and the lock nut 2772.

[0502] A cushioning sleeve 265a is arranged at the upper part of the flange 265.

[0503] The operating principle is as follows: by adopting the reverse conical bearing in the present invention, the whole structure in the reverse manner has better rigidity than that in the forward manner. The bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats and the bearing 25 located within an upper bearing seat are mounted at both ends of the power input members 24 so that the bending moment of each transmission shaft 23 is decreased. The bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats and the lower bearing seats 271 are positioned by a shaft shoulder, the lower bearing seats 271 are located at the lower part of the smash-ridging box or chassis, when the transmission shafts 23 operate, it will bear the counter-acting force from the ground, the counter-acting force from the ground will be transmitted from the shaft shoulder to the bearings 25 within the lower bearing seats and then to the lower bearing seats 271 and the smash-ridging box or chassis by the bearings within the lower bearing seats. Since the lower bearing seats 271 are located at the lower part of the smash-ridging box or chassis, the self-weight of the smash-ridging box or chassis can cushion the counter-acting force from the ground so that the transmission shafts 23 are more stable during the operation. The bearing 25 within the upper shaft seat is locked and positioned after the bearing clearance has been adjusted by the lock nut 2772, the bearing 25 within the upper bearing seat is located at the upper part of the smash-ridging box or chassis so that it is convenient for the lock nut 2772 to adjust the bearing clearance.

[0504] The size of the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats is larger than that of bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat. Since the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats will bear the counter-acting force from the ground during the operation, the bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats bear much more force than that borne by the bearing 251 located within the upper bearing seat and thus the size of the he bearings 25 located within the lower bearing seats is increased to facilitate to bear counter-acting force from the ground and achieve better operation effect.

[0505] The elastic pad is arranged between the bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat and the lock nut 2772. The elastic pad can enable the bearing 25 located within the upper bearing seat and the lock nut 2772 to be combined fully and can produce a certain pre-tightening force so as to facilitate to cushion the axial loads.

[0506] The cushioning sleeve 265a is arranged at the upper part of the flange 265, when the transmission shaft 23 works, the axial load transferred from the parts that connected to the flange can be buffed.

Embodiment 16

[0507] As shown in FIG. 19, a fixed structure for realizing the connection between a shaft end and a connection member through a gland comprises a transmission shaft 23 and a connection member 265. One end of the transmission shaft 23 is a conical shaft 232 one end of which is provided with a spiral rod 233. The connection member 265 is a coupler or a flange, a conical hole 2651 matching with the conical shaft and a through-hole 2652 through which the spiral rod passes are formed in the connection member 265, a counterbore 2653 is formed at the side opposite to the conical shaft on the connection member 265, the conical hole 2651, through-hole 2652 and counterbore 2653 are communicated with each other; the conical shaft 232 is arranged within the conical hole 2651, the spiral rod 233 passes through the through-hole 2652 and extends within the counterbore 2653, and a lock nut 266 which is connected with the spiral rod is arranged within the counterbore 2653.

[0508] A gland 268 is fixed on the screw rod 233 through more than two lock bolts 267. A boss 2681 is arranged on the upper surface of the gland 268 and is pressed fit on the end surface of a lock nut 266, a gap is reserved between the gland 268 and the end surface of the screw rod, and the gland and the counterbore are transition fit so as to prevent large particulate matters entering the counterbore and have the protecting effect on the lock nut 266; and the counterbore is formed in the gland 268, the head of the lock bolt is located in the counterbore so as to have the protecting effect on the head of the lock bolts.

[0509] According to above structure, the gland 268 is fixed on the screw rod 233 through more than two lock bolts 267, in this way, the gland 268 itself cannot rotate relative to the screw rod 233; since the boss 2681 of the gland is pressed fit on the end surface of the lock nut 266, the lock nut 266 has no rotatable space, no phenomenon that the lock nut 266 loosens can occur, thereby improving the reliability of the matching between the conical shaft and the conical hole, the power transmission is reliably realized and it is very convenient to fix the gland 268; in addition, when the phenomena that the conical shaft 233 and conical hole 2651 are worn occur, the gland 268 can be dismounted to further tighten the lock nut 266 and then the gland 268 is locked again using the lock bolts 267; since the clearance is reserved between the gland 268 and the end surface of the spiral rod, the gland has movement space in the direction towards the spiral rod and thus even if the lock nut 266 is further locked, the boss 2681 of the gland can still be pressed fit on the lock nut 266 to prevent the lock nut from loosening and thus the fit clearance between the conical shaft and the conical hole can be adjusted as desired without replacing parts and the adjustment can also be performed at present.

Embodiment 17

[0510] As shown in FIGS. 59 and 60, a subsoiling device comprises a smash-ridging box 21, a driving mechanism 22, a transmission mechanism and a spiral drill rod 26.

[0511] The smash-ridging box 21 is formed by welding a bottom plate 211, a top plate 211 and side plates 213. A boss 2121b is formed in the middle of the top plate 212.

[0512] The driving mechanism 22 is a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, a gearbox 2201b is arranged between the driving mechanism 22 and the boss 2121b and is mounted on the boss 2121b. As an another structure, if the gearbox 2201b is not arranged, the driving mechanism 22 is directly mounted on the boss 2121b. By arranging the structure of the boss 2121b, the strength of a transmission box connected to the driving mechanism can be improved and a certain distance can be reserved between the lower end surface of the driving mechanism and the upper plane of the top plate so as to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the driving mechanism 22.

[0513] The transmission mechanism comprises transmission shafts 23 and gears, wherein the transmission shafts 23 are mounted on the smash-ridging box 21 through bearings, one end of each transmission shaft 23 extends out of the smash-ridging box 21, the gears are mounted on each transmission shaft 23 and adjacent gears are meshed with each other and the driving mechanism 22 drives one of transmission shafts to rotate.

[0514] As shown in FIGS. 59 to 61, the spiral drill rod 26 comprises a rod body 261, a spiral piece 262, blades 263, a first soil-piercing blade 4c, a second soil-piercing blade 5c, a plug-in seat 6c, a smash-flattening blade 7c and a flange 265.

[0515] The rod body 261 has a cross section in the shape of a circle and other polygons can also be used. The flange 362 is welded at the upper end of the rod body 261. The flange 265 is connected at the extending ends of the transmission shafts.

[0516] The spiral piece 262 is welded rotatably at the middle-lower part of the rod body 261 and can be either left-hand spiral or right-hand spiral. A plurality of spiral pieces can be welded on the rod body 261.

[0517] As shown in FIG. 61, more than two blades, which are arranged upwards sequentially along the spiral piece, are fixed on the spiral piece 262 and the number of blades in different pitches on the same spiral piece is different. In the present embodiment, the number of blades in different pitches on the same spiral piece is decreased successively from bottom to top, the decrement in the number of blades in adjacent pitches is one and thus the soil within the pitch in which more blades are present is more fully smashed during the subsoiling of the spiral rod, the soil is more loosened, in contrast, the smashing effect and the loose degree of the soil are relatively worse; for the present embodiment, lower land is more loosened and smashed fully and the upper land has worse loose degree and the smashing effect so that the root system easily grow downwards during the growth process of plants so as to achieve better growth performance of the plants. In order to obtain different subsoiling effects, the number of the blades on the different spiral pieces can also be different. Each blade 263 comprises a fixing section 31c and a blade body 32c, which is formed by bending upwards or inclined upwards from the outer end of the fixing section, a first fixing hole 21c is formed in the spiral piece 262, a second fixing hole 32c is formed in the fixing section 31c, bolts 91c in a bolt assembly 9c pass through the first fixing hole 21c and the second fixing hole 32c and the blades 263 are locked by a cap 92c; an edge is arranged at the end part of the blade body 32c and has the soil-cutting effect and less cutting resistance can be achieved. The blade 263 is provided with a soil-cutting edge 34c and a blade back 35c, wherein the soil-cutting edge 34c is opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral piece, i.e., when the spiral drill rod rotates, the soil-cutting edge 34c cuts the soil, the blade back and the soil-cutting edge are arranged opposite to each other. An arc is formed by protruding outwards the middle of the soil-cutting edge 34c, during the soil cutting process of the blades 263, the force acted on the blade body 32c by the soil can be resolved into a first component force perpendicular to the soil-cutting edge and a second component force tangent to the soil-cutting edge, thereby reducing the acting force of the soil on the blade body 32c, on one hand, the bending deformation of the blades 263 can be decreased, the wear and damage to the soil-cutting edge 32c is reduced and the service life of the blades 263 is prolonged; on the other hand, the exerted shearing force of a bolt assembly 9c is reduced and the strength of the connection between the blades and the spiral piece is increased. The upper surface of the soil-cutting edge 34c is an inclined plane so that the soil-cutting edge is in wedge-shape and a first rid strip 36c extending along the soil-cutting edge is arranged at the lower surface of the soil-cutting edge 34c. Since the soil-cutting edge 34c is in wedge-shape, the blade body 32c easily pierces the soil and the strength of the blades 263 is decreased, for this purpose, the strength of the blades can be increased by arranging the first rid strip 36c, although a certain resistance exist between the first rid strip 36c and the smashed soil, the first rid strip 36c can smash the smashed soil again when the smashed soil passes through the first rid strip 36c, thereby improving the smashing effect.

[0518] As shown in FIGS. 62 to 64, the bolt assembly 9c comprise a bolt 91c and a nut 92c, the bolt 91c passes through the spiral pieces 2 and the fixing section 31c from top to bottom, the bolt head of the bolt 91c is sunk within the counterbore of the first fixing hole 21c so as to reduce the wear of the soil to the bolt head and the lower end of the bolt 91c is in threaded connection with the cap 92c for pressing tightly the blades 263; the cap 92c comprises a nut 921c and a round head 922c which is integrated with the nut and of which the outer surface is provided with a carburized layer. When the spiral drill rod subsoils, the cap 92c will interact with the soil which results in the wear of the cap, if blades are locked by using general nut, on one hand, the nut can be worn, on the other hand, the nut on the bolt can be destroyed resulting in incapability in dismounting of the nut, therefore, in the present invention, by arranging the round head 922c through which the end part of the bolt 91c is internally concealed within the cap 92c so as to prevent the threads of the bolt from destroying, on the other hand, the round head 922c can effectively protect the nut 921c of the invention and avoid the premature wear of the nut and the carburized layer with higher hardness is arranged so as to prevent the cap 92c from prematurely wearing.

[0519] The first soil-piercing blade 4c comprises a first connection section 41c and a first cutting edge 42c, wherein the first connection section 41c is connected to the lower end of the spiral piece 262, the lower surface of the first cutting edge 42c has an inclined plane so that the first cutting edge is in wedge-shape, the upper surface of the first cutting edge 42c has an accommodation groove 421c, in which a first alloy sheet 43c is embedded, the first soil-piercing blade 4c extends slantingly downwards, and the lower end of the first soil-piercing blade 4c is below the bottom surface of the rod body 261, in the present embodiment, the included angle between the first soil-piercing blade 4c and the center axis of the rod body is slightly greater than the helical angle of the spiral piece and is preferably greater than 1 degree-3 degrees.

[0520] More than one second soil-piercing blades 5c are connected to the lower end of the rod body 261, in the present embodiment, the second soil-piercing blade 5c is one and comprises a second connection section 51c and a second cutting edge 52c, wherein one side edge of the second connection section 51c is welded on the rod body and rib plates are welded between the second soil-piercing blades 5c and the rod body 261 so as to improve the strength of the connection between the second soil-piercing blades 5c and the rod body 261; the lower surface of the second cutting edge 52c has an inclined plane so that the second cutting edge is in wedge-shape, the upper surface of the second cutting edge 52c has an accommodation groove, in which an second alloy sheet is embedded 53c, the second soil-piercing blade 5c extends slantingly downwards, the lower end of the second soil-piercing blade 5c is below the bottom surface of the rod body 261, the direction towards which the second cutting edge 5c extends from the second connection section 51c is consistent with the opposite rotation direction of the spiral pieces and the first soil-piercing blade 4c has the same angle of inclination as that of the second soil-piercing blade 5c.

[0521] More than two plug-in seats 6c extending radially are fixed at the upper part of the rod body 261, are staggered in the axial direction of the rod body and have a plug-in trough 61c in which a smash-flattening blade 7c is plugged, the smash-flattening blade 7c comprises a plug-in section 71c, a first bending part 72c and a second bending part 73c, the first bending part 72c extends from the outer end of the plug-in section to the same direction as the rotation direction of the spiral pieces, the second bending part 73c extends downwards from the first bending part 72c, and a smashing edge 74c is arranged at the outer side of the smash-flattening blade 7c. A second rid strip (not shown) extending along a smashing edge is arranged at the position corresponding to the smashing edge on the smash-flattening blade 7c, by arranging the second rid strip, the strength of the smash-flattening blade 7c can be improved and further smashing effect can be achieved; and an edge is arranged at the end part of the second bending part 73c so as to improve the secondary smashing effect.

[0522] In the present embodiment, due to the arrangement of the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c, the second soil-piercing blades 5c can be multiple, moreover, lower ends of the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c are all lower than the bottom of the rod body 261, meanwhile, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c both extend downwardly, angles of inclination of the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c are slightly greater than the helical angle of the spiral pieces, when the spiral drill rod pierces soil, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c simultaneously cut the soil so that the rod body 261 is forced uniformly circumferentially and easily pierces soil, therefore, the rod body 261 is uneasy to deform and break; at the same time, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c are forced uniformly and are uneasy to deform and collapse, good reliability of the connection between the first soil-piercing blade 4c and the spiral piece is achieved and the good reliability of the connection between the second soil-piercing blade 5c and the rod body 261 is also achieved; by adopting above structure, since only a small part of the second soil-piercing blades 5c are connected to the rod body 261, after the second soil-piercing blades are forced uniformly, the phenomenon of stress concentration uneasily occurs at the connection parts of the second soil-piercing blades 5c and the rod body 261 and thus high connection strength is achieved. Due to the arrangement of first and second alloy sheets 43c and 53c with high strength, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c are uneasily worn, when the spiral rod pierces soil, especially when the spiral drill rod has completed the soil-piercing operation and transversely smashes the soil, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c can also have bottom soil cutting effect, in general, the bottom soil has large hardness and it is possible for the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c to come into contact with stones when the spiral drill rod transversely cut the soil, therefore, the strength can be further improved and the service life is prolonged by embedding the alloy sheets. Since the blades are provided with soil-cutting edges 34c, when the rod body 261 rotates, the soil-cutting edges 34c cut the soil, on one hand, the blades 263 easily pierces soil and on the other hand, the transverse cutting resistance of the spiral drill rod can be decreased. Due to the arrangement of smash-flattening blades 7c with the inventive structure which are arranged vertically in a staggered manner and the clearance reserved between adjacent smash-flattening blades, when being flattened, the subsoiled soil is flattened hierarchically by various smash-flattening blades and the smashed soil will flow among various smash-flattening blades when the rod body 261 rotates so that the flattening resistance is greatly reduced, good flattening effect is achieved, the raising phenomenon of the smashed soil can be effectively prevented, furthermore, since the smash-flattening blade comprises the second bending part 73c which has raking effect on the soil, the flattening effect is further improved. Due to the arrangement of smashing edges 74c substantially extending transversely along with the second bending part 73c, the secondary smashing can be performed on the smashed soil and the resistance in smashing the soil can be decreased.

Embodiment 18

[0523] As shown in FIG. 61, a subsoiling cutter 26 comprises a rod body 261, a spiral piece 262, blades 263, a first soil-piercing blade 4c, a second soil-piercing blade 5c, a plug-in seat 6c, a smash-flattening blade 7c and a flange 265.

[0524] The rod body 261 has a cross section in the shape of a circle and other polygons can also be used. The flange 362 is welded at the upper end of the rod body 261. The flange 265 is connected at the extending ends of the transmission shafts.

[0525] The spiral piece 262 is welded rotatably at the middle-lower part of the rod body 261 and can be either left-hand spiral or right-hand spiral. A plurality of spiral pieces can be welded on the rod body 261.

[0526] As shown in FIG. 61, more than two blades, which are arranged upwards sequentially along the spiral piece, are fixed on the spiral piece 262 and the number of blades in different pitches on the same spiral piece is different. In the present embodiment, the number of blades in different pitches on the same spiral piece is decreased successively from bottom to top, the decrement in the number of blades in adjacent pitches is one and thus the soil within the pitch in which more blades are present is more fully smashed during the subsoiling of the spiral rod, the soil is more loosened, in contrast, the smashing effect and the loose degree of the soil are relatively worse; for the present embodiment, lower land is more loosened and smashed fully and the upper land has worse loose degree and the smashing effect so that the root system easily grow downwards during the growth process of plants so as to achieve better growth performance of the plants. In order to obtain different subsoiling effects, the number of the blades on the different spiral pieces can also be different. Each blade 263 comprises a fixing section 31c and a blade body 32c, which is formed by bending upwards or inclined upwards from the outer end of the fixing section, a first fixing hole 21c is formed in the spiral piece 262, a second fixing hole 32c is formed in the fixing section 31c, bolts 91c in a bolt assembly 9c pass through the first fixing hole 21c and the second fixing hole 32c and the blades 263 are locked by a cap 92c; an edge is arranged at the end part of the blade body 32c and has the soil-cutting effect and less cutting resistance can be achieved. The blade 263 is provided with a soil-cutting edge 34c and a blade back 35c, wherein the soil-cutting edge 34c is opposite to the spiral direction of the spiral piece, i.e., when the spiral drill rod rotates, the soil-cutting edge 34c cuts the soil, the blade back and the soil-cutting edge are arranged opposite to each other. An arc is formed by protruding outwards the middle of the soil-cutting edge 34c, during the soil cutting process of the blades 263, the force acted on the blade body 32c by the soil can be resolved into a first component force perpendicular to the soil-cutting edge and a second component force tangent to the soil-cutting edge, thereby reducing the acting force of the soil on the blade body 32c, on one hand, the bending deformation of the blades 263 can be decreased, the wear and damage to the soil-cutting edge 32c is reduced and the service life of the blades 263 is prolonged; on the other hand, the exerted shearing force of a bolt assembly 9c is reduced and the strength of the connection between the blades and the spiral piece is increased. The upper surface of the soil-cutting edge 34c is an inclined plane so that the soil-cutting edge is in wedge-shape and a first rid strip 36c extending along the soil-cutting edge is arranged at the lower surface of the soil-cutting edge 34c. Since the soil-cutting edge 34c is in wedge-shape, the blade body 32c easily pierces the soil and the strength of the blades 263 is decreased, for this purpose, the strength of the blades can be increased by arranging the first rid strip 36c, although a certain resistance exist between the first rid strip 36c and the smashed soil, the first rid strip 36c can smash the smashed soil again when the smashed soil passes through the first rid strip 36c, thereby improving the smashing effect.

[0527] As shown in FIGS. 62 to 64, the bolt assembly 9c comprise a bolt 91c and a nut 92c, the bolt 91c passes through the spiral pieces 2 and the fixing section 31c from top to bottom, the bolt head of the bolt 91c is sunk within the counterbore of the first fixing hole 21c so as to reduce the wear of the soil to the bolt head and the lower end of the bolt 91c is in threaded connection with the cap 92c for pressing tightly the blades 263; the cap 92c comprises a nut 921c and a round head 922c which is integrated with the nut and of which the outer surface is provided with a carburized layer. When the spiral drill rod subsoils, the cap 92c will interact with the soil which results in the wear of the cap, if blades are locked by using general nut, on one hand, the nut can be worn, on the other hand, the nut on the bolt can be destroyed resulting in incapability in dismounting of the nut, therefore, in the present invention, by arranging the round head 922c through which the end part of the bolt 91c is internally concealed within the cap 92c so as to prevent the threads of the bolt from destroying, on the other hand, the round head 922c can effectively protect the nut 921c of the invention and avoid the premature wear of the nut and the carburized layer with higher hardness is arranged so as to prevent the cap 92c from prematurely wearing.

[0528] The first soil-piercing blade 4c comprises a first connection section 41c and a first cutting edge 42c, wherein the first connection section 41c is connected to the lower end of the spiral piece 262, the lower surface of the first cutting edge 42c has an inclined plane so that the first cutting edge is in wedge-shape, the upper surface of the first cutting edge 42c has an accommodation groove 421c, in which a first alloy sheet 43c is embedded, the first soil-piercing blade 4c extends slantingly downwards, and the lower end of the first soil-piercing blade 4c is below the bottom surface of the rod body 261, in the present embodiment, the included angle between the first soil-piercing blade 4c and the center axis of the rod body is slightly greater than the helical angle of the spiral piece and is preferably greater than 1 degree-3 degrees.

[0529] More than one second soil-piercing blades 5c are connected to the lower end of the rod body 261, in the present embodiment, the second soil-piercing blade 5c is one and comprises a second connection section 51c and a second cutting edge 52c, wherein one side edge of the second connection section 51c is welded on the rod body and rib plates are welded between the second soil-piercing blades 5c and the rod body 261 so as to improve the strength of the connection between the second soil-piercing blades 5c and the rod body 261; the lower surface of the second cutting edge 52c has an inclined plane so that the second cutting edge is in wedge-shape, the upper surface of the second cutting edge 52c has an accommodation groove, in which an second alloy sheet is embedded 53c, the second soil-piercing blade 5c extends slantingly downwards, the lower end of the second soil-piercing blade 5c is below the bottom surface of the rod body 261, the direction towards which the second cutting edge 5c extends from the second connection section 51c is consistent with the opposite rotation direction of the spiral pieces and the first soil-piercing blade 4c has the same angle of inclination as that of the second soil-piercing blade 5c.

[0530] More than two plug-in seats 6c extending radially are fixed at the upper part of the rod body 261, are staggered in the axial direction of the rod body and have a plug-in trough 61c in which a smash-flattening blade 7c is plugged, the smash-flattening blade 7c comprises a plug-in section 71c, a first bending part 72c and a second bending part 73c, the first bending part 72c extends from the outer end of the plug-in section to the same direction as the rotation direction of the spiral pieces, the second bending part 73c extends downwards from the first bending part 72c, and a smashing edge 74c is arranged at the outer side of the smash-flattening blade 7c. A second rid strip (not shown) extending along a smashing edge is arranged at the position corresponding to the smashing edge on the smash-flattening blade 7c, by arranging the second rid strip, the strength of the smash-flattening blade 7c can be improved and further smashing effect can be achieved; and an edge is arranged at the end part of the second bending part 73c so as to improve the secondary smashing effect.

[0531] In the present embodiment, due to the arrangement of the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c, the second soil-piercing blades 5c can be multiple, moreover, lower ends of the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c are all lower than the bottom of the rod body 261, meanwhile, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c both extend downwardly, angles of inclination of the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c are slightly greater than the helical angle of the spiral pieces, when the spiral drill rod pierces soil, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c simultaneously cut the soil so that the rod body 261 is forced uniformly circumferentially and easily pierces soil, therefore, the rod body 261 is uneasy to deform and break; at the same time, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c are forced uniformly and are uneasy to deform and collapse, good reliability of the connection between the first soil-piercing blade 4c and the spiral piece is achieved and the good reliability of the connection between the second soil-piercing blade 5c and the rod body 261 is also achieved; by adopting above structure, since only a small part of the second soil-piercing blades 5c are connected to the rod body 261, after the second soil-piercing blades are forced uniformly, the phenomenon of stress concentration uneasily occurs at the connection parts of the second soil-piercing blades 5c and the rod body 261 and thus high connection strength is achieved. Due to the arrangement of first and second alloy sheets 43c and 53c with high strength, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c are uneasily worn, when the spiral rod pierces soil, especially when the spiral drill rod has completed the soil-piercing operation and transversely smashes the soil, the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c can also have bottom soil cutting effect, in general, the bottom soil has large hardness and it is possible for the first and second soil-piercing blades 4c and 5c to come into contact with stones when the spiral drill rod transversely cut the soil, therefore, the strength can be further improved and the service life is prolonged by embedding the alloy sheets. Since the blades are provided with soil-cutting edges 34c, when the rod body 261 rotates, the soil-cutting edges 34c cut the soil, on one hand, the blades 263 easily pierces soil and on the other hand, the transverse cutting resistance of the spiral drill rod can be decreased. Due to the arrangement of smash-flattening blades 7c with the inventive structure which are arranged vertically in a staggered manner and the clearance reserved between adjacent smash-flattening blades, when being flattened, the subsoiled soil is flattened hierarchically by various smash-flattening blades and the smashed soil will flow among various smash-flattening blades when the rod body 261 rotates so that the flattening resistance is greatly reduced, good flattening effect is achieved, the raising phenomenon of the smashed soil can be effectively prevented, furthermore, since the smash-flattening blade comprises the second bending part 73c which has raking effect on the soil, the flattening effect is further improved. Due to the arrangement of smashing edges 74c substantially extending transversely along with the second bending part 73c, the secondary smashing can be performed on the smashed soil and the resistance in smashing the soil can be decreased.

Embodiment 19

[0532] As shown in FIGS. 67 and 68, the direction of the present embodiment is subjected to the arrangement direction of the spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation as shown in FIG. 67. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine for avoiding soil accumulation of the present embodiment comprises a rod body 261 and a spiral piece 262 which is wound on the lower part of the rod body 261 and it further comprises cross-cutting blades 3d, which is arranged on the upper section of the rod body 261 and located above the spiral piece. The present invention is simple in structure, since the cross-cutting blades 3d are arranged on the upper section of the rod body 261, they can be connected at the upper section of the rod body 261 by welding or a fastener, the rod body 261 moves forwards with the subsoiling tillage machine while rotating during the tillage operation, the accumulated soil produced in the front of the rod body 261 after the deep-ploughing subsoiling can be effectively leveled, the phenomenon of soil accumulation is eliminated so that the production efficiency of the tillage operation is greatly improved.

[0533] In present embodiment, each cross-cutting blade 3d comprises a connection sleeve 31d and cross-cutting blade bodies 32d which are integrally-formed, wherein the connection sleeve 31d sleeves the upper part of the rod body 261 and the cross-cutting blade bodies 32d is connected longitudinally to the side wall of the connection sleeve 31d. By adopting the connection sleeve 31d, it is convenient to mount the cross-cutting blade bodies 32d on the rod body 261, since the connection sleeve 31d and the cross-cutting blade bodies 32d are integrally formed, the connection is firm and reliable, it is ensured that the accumulated soil can be leveled by the cross-cutting blade 3d and the phenomenon of soil accumulation is eliminated so that the production efficiency of the tillage operation is greatly improved.

[0534] In the present embodiment, the number of the cross-cutting blade bodies is at least two and the at least two cross-cutting blade bodies are evenly arranged at the side wall of the connection sleeve 31d. As the number of the cross-cutting blade bodies is increased, the efficiency in leveling the accumulated soil can be improved and the production efficiency of the tillage operation is further improved.

[0535] In the present embodiment, a nose, which is triangular, is arranged at the outer end of each cross-cutting blade body. By adopting the triangular nose, it is convenient to enable the cross-cutting blades 3d extend inside the accumulated soil so as to improve the soil-shoveling efficiency.

[0536] In the present embodiment, a drill tip 5d is arranged at the bottom end of the rod body 261 and is in an inverted triangle. The drill tip 5d can be welded on the rod body 261 or can be connected by a fastener. By adopting the drill tip 5d, it is more convenient to pierce the soil and a water storage tank is formed in the lower layer of the tilled soil for water storage so that the crops are drought resistant. In addition, it is more advantageous for the drill tip 5d in an inverted triangle to the reduction of the resistance produced when the present invention pierces the soil.

Embodiment 20

[0537] The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 19 lies in: in the present embodiment, the spiral drill bit further comprises blades 263 which are arranged at the circumferential edge of the spiral piece 262. When the tillage is performed using the spiral drill bit of the present invention, the soil is ridged upwards due to the rotation of the spiral piece 262 and simultaneously, the blades 263 can assist the spiral piece 262 in cutting, rubbing and smashing automatically upwards ridged soil under the action of the spiral piece 262 and thus the efficiency in cutting soil layers using the spiral drill bit and the working efficiency of the subsoiling tillage machine are greatly improved; in addition, it is more advantageous to store more air inside the soil.

[0538] In the present embodiment, the number of the blades 263 are at least two and the at least two blades 263 are arranged along the direction of rotation of the spiral piece 262 at intervals. More the number of the blades 263, more advantageous to assist the spiral piece 262 in cutting and smashing the soil, thereby further improving the tillage efficiency.

[0539] In the present embodiment, each blade 263 comprises a blade body 32c and a fixing section 31c formed by bending and extending horizontally the bottom of the blade body 32c, the fixing section is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the spiral piece 262 and the blade body 32c faces towards the top end of the rod body 261. The blade body 32c facilitates the cutting of the soil and the fixing section 31c facilitates the fixing connection between the blade body 32c and the spiral piece 262 so that the structure is firm and reliable and the cutting effect is ensured.

[0540] In the present embodiment, the blade body 32c is connected with the fixing section 31c to constitute an included angle of 90 degrees-120 degrees. The included angle of 90 degrees-120 degrees enables the blade body 32c incline outwards with respect to the circumference of the spiral piece 262, the contact area of the blade body 32c and the soil is increased, it is advantageous to the blade body 32c to cut the soil, thereby improving the tillage efficiency.

Embodiment 21

[0541] As shown in FIGS. 69 and 70, the direction of the present embodiment is subjected to the arrangement direction of the spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine which is convenient for piercing soil as shown in FIG. 69. The spiral drill bit of a subsoiling tillage machine which is convenient for piercing soil comprises a drill rod 261 and a spiral piece which is wound on the lower part of the drill rod 261 and further comprises a first soil-piercing blade 4c, which is arranged on the tail part of the spiral piece 262 and located at the lower surface of the spiral piece 262. The present invention is simple in structure, the drill rod 261 moves forwards with the subsoiling tillage machine while rotating during the tillage operation, since the first soil-piercing blade 4c is arranged at the lower surface of the tail part of the spiral piece, it is convenient for the drill rod 261 to pierce the soil while rotating and at the same time, the spiral piece 262 can be effectively prevented from wearing, the service life of the spiral pieces 262 is prolonged and the strong practicality is achieved. The detachable connection of the first soil-piercing blade 4c and the spiral piece 262 can be realized by fasteners such as bolts and it is convenient to mount and dismount and repair and replace at fixed periods. The drill rod 261 is connected with an output shaft of the transmission box of the subsoiling tillage machine via a flange.

[0542] In the present embodiment, the first soil-piercing blade 4c comprises a first soil-piercing blade body 401c and a first soil-piercing blade fixing section 402c formed by bending and extending horizontally the bottom of the first soil-piercing blade body 401c, the first soil-piercing blade fixing section 402c is connected to the lower surface of the spiral piece 262 and the first soil-piercing blade body 401c faces towards the top end of the drill rod 261. It is convenient for the first soil-piercing blade fixing section 402c to fixedly connect the spiral piece 262 with the first soil-piercing blade fixing section 402c, which also makes the structure stable and reliable, and the first soil-piercing blade body 401c faces towards the top end of the drill rod 261, the smooth soil piercing of the first soil-piercing blade 4c is effectively ensured and the tillage efficiency of the spiral drill bit of the present invention is greatly improved.

[0543] In the present embodiment, the first soil-piercing blade body 401c is connected with the first soil-piercing blade fixing section 402c to constitute an included angle of 120 degrees-150 degrees. The included angle of 120 degrees-150 degrees enables the first soil-piercing blade body 401c incline outwards with respect to the circumference of the spiral piece 262, it is convenient for the first soil-piercing blade body 401c to pierce the soil and the soil-piercing efficiency of the present invention is improved.

[0544] In the present embodiment, the spiral drill bit further comprises blades 263 which are arranged at the circumferential edge of the spiral piece 262. When the tillage is performed using the spiral drill bit of the present invention, the soil is ridged upwards due to the rotation of the spiral piece 262 and simultaneously, the blades 263 can assist the spiral piece 262 in cutting, rubbing and smashing automatically upwards ridged soil under the action of the spiral piece 262 and thus the efficiency in cutting soil layers using the spiral drill bit and the working efficiency of the subsoiling tillage machine are greatly improved; in addition, it is more advantageous to store more air inside the soil. The blades 263 can be connected to the spiral piece 262 via fasteners such as bolts and the first soil-piercing blade 4c can not only prevent the spiral piece 262 from wearing, simultaneously it can also protect the mounting nut for mounting blades 263 at the lower surface of the spiral piece 262.

[0545] In the present embodiment, the number of the blades 263 are at least two and the at least two blades 263 are arranged along the spiral direction of the spiral piece 262 at intervals. More the number of the blades 263, more advantageous to assist the spiral piece 262 in cutting and smashing the soil, thereby further improving the tillage efficiency.

[0546] In the present embodiment, each blade 263 comprises a blade body 32c and a fixing section 31c formed by bending and extending horizontally the bottom of the blade body 32c, the fixing section is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the spiral piece 262 and the blade body 32c faces towards the top end of the rod body 261. The blade body 32c facilitates the cutting of the soil and the fixing section 31c facilitates the fixing connection between the blade body 32c and the spiral piece 262 so that the structure is firm and reliable and the cutting effect is ensured.

[0547] In the present embodiment, the blade body 32c is connected with the fixing section 31c to constitute an included angle of 90 degrees-120 degrees. The included angle of 90 degrees-120 degrees enables the blade body 32c incline outwards with respect to the circumference of the spiral piece 262, the contact area of the blade body 32c and the soil is increased, it is advantageous to the blade body 32c to cut the soil, thereby improving the tillage efficiency.

[0548] In the present embodiment, a drill tip 5d is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod 261 and is in an inverted triangle. The drill tip 5d can be welded on the drill rod 261 or can also be connected by a fastener. By adopting the drill tip 5d, it is more convenient to pierce the soil and a water storage tank is formed in the lower layer of the tilled soil for water storage so that the crops are drought resistant. In addition, it is more advantageous for the drill tip 5d in an inverted triangle to the reduction of the resistance produced when the present invention pierces the soil.

Embodiment 22

[0549] The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 21 lies in: in the present embodiment, the diameter of the spiral piece 262 is gradually changed from large to small along the drill rod 261 towards the direction of the bottom end of the drill rod 261. According to the present embodiment, the traditional spiral piece 262 of which the diameter from top to bottom is consistent in the size is broken and by adopting the spiral piece 262 having larger diameter on the upper part than that on the lower part, the soil-piercing effect of the spiral drill head of the present invention is improved and furthermore, the soil at the surface layer of the land can be smashed finer than the deep soil which meets the agronomic requirements.

[0550] The present embodiment has the same other structures as those of the embodiment 21 which need not be repeated here.

Embodiment 23

[0551] The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 21 lies in: in the present embodiment, the drill rod 261 has a cross-section in the shape of polygon. The polygon can be triangle, square, pentagon or hexagon, etc. By adopting the drill rod 261 in the shape of polygon, the polygonal angle of the drill rod 261 corresponds to a cutter during the rotation and has soil-cutting effect and thus when the subsoiling tillage machine walks forward, the polygonal drill rod 261 can walk as loosening the soil and the tillage efficiency is further improved. The polygon is not limited to a triangle, square, pentagon or hexagon as long as the drill rod 261 can facilitate to cut soil when it is rotating.

Embodiment 24

[0552] As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 20 and 21, a connection device 3 comprises a connection frame 31, a connection supporting plate 32, a guide sliding rod 33, a connecting nut 34, a sliding sleeve frame 35 and a lifting oil cylinder 36.

[0553] As shown in FIG. 21, the connection frame 31 comprises a plurality of horizontal beams 311, longitudinal beams 312, vertical beams 313, a first inclined strut 314 and a second inclined strut 315. The longitudinal beams 312 consist of lower longitudinal beams and upper longitudinal beams, wherein the lower longitudinal beams are welded at both ends of the horizontal beams 311 and of course, the lower longitudinal beams can also be welded in the middle part of the horizontal beams 311; the vertical beams 313 are welded on the lower longitudinal beams close to the rear section; the upper longitudinal beams are welded on the upper end of the vertical beam; a first inclined strut 314 is welded between the front end of the horizontal beam and the upper end of the vertical beam; the second inclined strut 315 is welded between the vertical beams. The connection frame 31 with such structure is simple in structure, good in forcing performance and can beat heavier smash-ridging device.

[0554] The horizontal beams 311, the longitudinal beams 312, the vertical beams 313, the first inclined strut 314 and the second inclined strut 315 all use square tubes and are internally communicated with each other, so that oil chambers are formed within the horizontal beams 311, the longitudinal beams 312, the vertical beams 313, the first inclined strut 314 and the second inclined strut 315 and are used for being filled with diesel. In this way, the volume of the oil tank is increased using the existing structure.

[0555] As shown in FIG. 21, the connection supporting plate 32 is welded on the lower longitudinal beams and the upper longitudinal beams, respectively.

[0556] A guide sliding rod 33 passes through the connection supporting plate 32 and the guide sliding rod comprises a guide sliding rod body and a chrome coating, which is coated on the outer surface of the guide sliding rod body. By coating the chrome coating, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and so on can be improved.

[0557] A connecting nut 34 is arranged below the lower connection supporting plate on the guide sliding rod 33; a connecting nut 34 is arranged above the upper connection supporting plate on the guide sliding rod 33 and thus the guide sliding rod 33 can be very conveniently mounted and dismounted using the upper and lower connecting nuts 34.

[0558] As shown in FIG. 21, the sliding sleeve frame 35 comprises a sliding sleeve 351, a smash-ridging device connection seat 352 and a lifting oil cylinder seat 353. The sliding sleeve 351 sleeves the guide sliding rod 33 slidely, dustproof rings are arranged between the sliding sleeve 351 and the guide sliding rod 33 and located on the upper and lower ends of the sliding sleeve 351, respectively, the dustproof rings have dustproof and waterproof effects, can prevent the lubricating oil between the sliding sleeve 351 and the guide sliding rod 33 from losing in a short time, thereby improving the lubricating performance. The smash-ridging device connection seat 352 is welded on the sliding sleeve 351, and a mounting hole 3521 is formed in the smash-ridging device connection seat 352. The lifting oil cylinder seat 353 is welded on the smash-ridging device connection seat 352 and comprises a lifting oil cylinder seat body 3531 and a rib plate 3532 which is welded between the lifting oil cylinder seat body and the smash-ridging device connection seat 352.

[0559] An oil cylinder articulated seat 37 is fixed on the lower connection supporting plate, on which the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 36 is articulated, and the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed on the lifting oil cylinder seat 353. For the subsoiling smash-ridging machine of the present invention, since it is required that the stroke of the lifting oil cylinder is relatively long, the lifting oil cylinder 36 has larger length, the distance between the fixation point of the lifting oil cylinder body and the articulated seat 37 is reduced when the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed on the lifting oil cylinder seat 353 and it is uneasy for the lifting oil cylinder 36 to bent and deform when it works so that it has good load-carrying capacity; in addition, by adopting the fixing structure compared to the structure that the upper end of the lifting oil cylinder body is fixed to the lifting oil cylinder seat, the height of the connection frame is much lower, thereby decreasing the vertical height of the connection frame as well as the height of the entire subsoiling smash-ridging machine.

[0560] The smash-ridging device is fixed on the smash-ridging device connection seat 353 through a bolt which passes through the mounting hole 3521, in this way, it is convenient and rapid to mount the smash-ridging device and the smash-ridging device can be dismounted integrally.

[0561] The assembly method of the connection device 3 is as follows:

[0562] (1) welding horizontal beams 311, longitudinal beams 312, vertical beams 313, a first inclined strut 314 and a second inclined strut 315 together to form a connection frame 31.

[0563] (2) welding a connection supporting plate 32 on a lower longitudinal beam and an upper longitudinal beam, respectively.

[0564] (3) making one end of a guide sliding rod 33 downwards pass through the upper connection supporting plate, then enabling a sliding sleeve 351 of a sliding sleeve frame 35 sleeve the guide sliding rod 33, after that, sequentially moving the guide sliding rod 33 downwards to pass through the lower connection supporting plate, and then locking the connecting nut 34 at the upper end of the guide sliding rod 33 and the connecting nut 34 at the lower end of the guide sliding rod 33 to fix the guide sliding rod 33, respectively.

[0565] (4) fixing an articulated seat 37 on the lower connection supporting plate, fixing a cylinder body of a lifting oil cylinder 36 on a lifting oil cylinder seat 353, and articulating the piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 36 onto the articulated seat 37.

Embodiment 25

[0566] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 22, the ditching device 4 comprises swing arms 41, a supporting arm 42, a turn-over oil cylinder 43, adjusting seats 44, a ditching arm 45 and a ditching plough 46.

[0567] An articulated seat 47 is fixed on the extended mounting flange 250, one end of each swing arm 41 is articulated on the articulated seat 47, and the other end of the swing arm 41 is articulated on the piston rod of the turn-over oil cylinder 43. The swing arms are two swing arms parallel to each other, the supporting arm 42 is welded between the central sections of the two swing arms and has a regular polygon section. The cylinder body of the turn-over oil cylinder 43 is articulated on the third connection lug 230.

[0568] As shown in FIG. 23, the adjusting seats 44 comprise lower clamping seats 441 and upper clamping seats 442, which are clamped on the supporting arm 42 and are connected through bolts; when the bolts are loosened, the adjusting seats 44 can move on the supporting arm transversely and when the bolts are locked, the adjusting seats 44 can be fixed on the supporting arm 42 and thus the purpose that the transverse positions of the adjusting seats are adjusted can be achieved.

[0569] Each adjusting seat comprises two lower clamping seats 441 and two upper clamping seats 442, and each lower clamping seat 441 and each upper clamping seat 442 are respectively provided with location holes through which an adjusting rod 47 passes. The ditching arm 45 is clamped between the two upper clamping seats, meanwhile is clamped between the two lower clamping seats, and is provided with a plurality of adjusting holes 451, through which the adjusting rod 47 passes. If there is a need to adjust the position of the ditching arm relative to the adjusting seats 44, the adjusting rod 47 is firstly loosened, the ditching arm 45 is adjusted to the desired position and then the adjusting rod 47 passes through the location holes and the corresponding adjusting holes and thus the adjustment is performed very conveniently and rapidly.

[0570] As shown in FIGS. 25 to 27, the ditching plough 46 is fixed at the lower end of the ditching arm 45. The ditching plough comprises a first ditching plough plate 461, two sides of which are provided with a second ditching plough plate 462 and a third ditching plough plate 463, U-shaped grooves 464 are formed among the first ditching plough plate 461, the second ditching plough plate 462 and the third ditching plough plate 463, transversal reinforced ribs and vertical reinforced ribs are arranged in the U-shaped grooves and are cross to each other, a plough tip 467 is formed by the crossing of the lower end of the first ditching plough plate 461 with the lower end of the second ditching plough plate 462 and the lower end of the third ditching plough plate 463, the plough tip 467 has a triangular cross section and has a thickness larger than the thicknesses of the second ditching plough plate 462 and the third ditching plough plate 463. Since the plough tip can come in contact with harder obstacles such as stones, tree roots or bushes in the soil during tillage and the plough tip 467 has a thickness larger than the thicknesses of the second ditching plough plate 462 and the third ditching plough plate 463, the plough tip 467 has higher strength, it is uneasy to cause the damage to the plough tip 467 and thus the plough has firm structure, at the same time, since the U-shaped grooves 464 are formed among the first ditching plough plate 461, the second ditching plough plate 462 and the third ditching plough plate 463, the entire plough structure has lower weight and due to the arrangement of the transversal reinforced ribs 465 and vertical reinforced ribs 466 are arranged in the U-shaped grooves 464 so that the plough structure is very firm.

[0571] The assembly method of the ditching device 4 is as follows:

[0572] (1) welding the supporting arm 42 between two swing arms, articulating one end of the turn-over oil cylinder 43 onto the third connection lug 230, then articulating one end of the swing arms 52 onto the articulated seat 47 and the other end of the swing arms onto the piston rod of the turn-over oil cylinder 43.

[0573] (2) mounting the adjusting seats 44 onto the supporting arm 52 which comprises: clamping the two lower clamping seats 441 and the two upper clamping seats 442 on the supporting arm 52, connecting the lock bolt between the upper and lower clamping seats at the left side, connecting the lock bolt between the upper and lower clamping seats at the right side, at the moment the lock bolt does not lock tightly the upper and lower clamping seats, thus adjusting the position of the supporting arm 42 on the adjusting seats 44 as desired and then screwing the lock cut so as to prevent the adjusting seats 44 from moving relative to the supporting arm 42.

[0574] (3) welding the ditching plough 46 on the ditching arm 45, mounting the upper end of the ditching arm 45 between the upper and lower clamping seats at the left side and the upper and lower clamping seats at the right side of the adjusting seat, adjusting the position of the ditching arm as desired and then positioning and fixing the ditching arm using the adjusting rod to pass through the location hole and the corresponding adjusting hole.

[0575] Above assembly method of the ditching device is simple in process and convenient to operate and the position of the ditching plough can be adjusted as desired.

Embodiment 26

[0576] As shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, a foldaway soil flattening device comprises a raking plate 52, connection arms 58 connected to the raking plate 52 and an adjusting device which is used to adjust the turn-over angle of the raking plate 52. The connection arms 58 are arranged at both ends of the raking plate 52, the lower ends of the connection arms 58 are fixedly connected with the raking plate 52, and the upper ends of the connection arms are articulated with the flattening device connection lug 210 for supporting and connecting the raking plate 52. The raking plate 52 is in the form of a long strip, and is formed by successively connecting three flat plate units 521; each flat plate unit 521 comprises a connection section 5211 and a serrated section 5212 arranged at the lower end of the connection section 5211, and the connection sections 5211 of adjacent flat plate units 521 are connected through a hinge so that the flat plate units 521 can be turned over and folded; when the flat plate units 521 are unfolded, in order to fix the positions of the flat plate units 521, an interlocking device which limits the flat plate units to be turned over is arranged between the connection sections 5211 of the adjacent flat plate units 521. The interlocking device comprises a first circular ring 59 arranged at the side edge of the flat plate units 521, a second circular ring 511 arranged at the side edge of the adjacent flat plate units 521 and an inserted pin 510 which can pass through the first circular ring 59 and the second circular ring 511, inserted holes of the first circular ring 59 and second circular ring 511 are longitudinal, after two adjacent flat plate units 521 are unfolded, the first circular ring 59 and the second circular ring 511 are aligned up and down and the inserted pin 510 successively is inserted into the first circular ring 59 and second circular ring 511 from top to bottom to lock two adjacent flat plate units 521. The adjusting device comprises an articulated seat, a screw rod, a first spring, a second spring and a nut, wherein the lower end of the screw rod is articulated with the raking plate 52, the upper end of the screw rod passes through the articulated seat and then is connected with the nut, the first spring sleeves the screw rod and is located between the raking plate 52 and the articulated seat, and the second spring sleeves the screw rod and is located between the articulated seat and the nut, the elastic force of the first spring acts on the raking plate 52 so that the raking plate 52 is more powerful when the soil is flattened and in addition, the turn-over angle of the raking plate 52 can be changed by adjusting the positions of adjusting nuts.

[0577] The operating principle of the flattening device is as follows: the flattening device is used in conjunction with the smash-ridging device which performs smash-ridging on the soil so that the soil becomes soft and out of flatness; the raking plate 52 can be turned over by the adjusting device and come in contact with the ground, the subsoiling smash-ridging machine drives the flattening device to walk thus the raking plate 52 of the flattening device can flatten the land; in addition, since smashed soil will splash when the spiral drill rod of the smash-ridging device performs smash-ridging on the soil, the raking plate 52 arranged at one side of the smash-ridging device can have the effect of preventing the soil from splashing in all directions. Since the raking plate 52 is in the form of a long strip, the width of the raking plate 52 can be adjusted through adjacent articulated flat plate units 521, thus the width of the raking plate 52 can be adjusted according to the size of the area of the land.

Embodiment 27

[0578] As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, the straw returning device 6 comprises a straw returning articulated seat 61, a straw returning connecting rod mechanism 62, a straw returning hood 63, a weeding cutter 64, a straw returning oil cylinder 65 and a straw returning driving mechanism.

[0579] As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, the straw returning connecting rod mechanism 62 comprises a first straw returning connecting rod 621 and a second straw returning connecting rod 622; one end of the first straw returning connecting rod 621 is articulated on the straw returning articulated seat 611, and the other end of the first straw returning connecting rod 621 is articulated on the straw returning hood 63; one end of the second straw returning connecting rod 622 is articulated on the central section of the first straw returning connecting rod, and the other end of the second straw returning connecting rod 622 is articulated on the straw returning hood 63; the weeding cutter 64 is arranged in the straw returning hood 63; one end of the straw returning oil cylinder 65 is articulated on the straw returning articulated seat 61, and the other end is articulated on the straw returning hood 63; the straw returning driving mechanism comprises an electrical motor, a driving gear wheel and a driven gear wheel, wherein the electrical motor is fixed on the straw returning hood 63, the driving gear wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the electrical motor, the driven gear wheel is mounted on the shaft of the weeding cutter 64, the driving gear wheel and the driven gear wheel are meshed with each other and a limiting roller 66 is arranged at the lower front of the straw returning hood.