QUANTITATIVE ONE-WAY OIL GAS LUBRICANT SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR 4-STROKE ENGINE

Abstract

A quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system and a method for a 4-stroke engine, including a preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice that is connected to a lubricant case on a wall of a crankcase of the 4-stroke engine, and a final stage quantitative airflow orifice disposed at a cylinder cover of the 4-stroke engine, are provided. A diameter of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1 and a diameter of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice satisfy an equation: D.sub.1/D.sub.3=0.8-1.5, wherein a one-way connected oil gas lubricant channel is disposed between the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice and the final stage quantitative airflow orifice. A lubricant oil sucked from the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice by the crankcase flows along the oil gas lubricant channel and lubricates the engine parts that the channel passes through in turns. Finally, a minute quantity of waste oil gas that flows out from the final stage quantitative airflow orifice is introduced into a cylinder of the 4-stroke engine and is to be burned completely. The supply quantity of the lubricant oil may be controlled, and no extra lubricant oil gas may flow out from the final stage quantitative airflow orifice, therefore, the quantitative and one-way lubricating is realized.

Claims

1. A quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for a 4-stroke engine, wherein the 4-stroke engine including a crank, a crankcase, a lubricant case, a cam box and a cylinder, comprising: a preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice that is connected to the lubricant case on a wall of the crankcase; and a final stage quantitative airflow orifice disposed at a cylinder cover of the cylinder, wherein a diameter of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1 and a diameter of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice satisfy an equation: D.sub.1/D.sub.3=0.8-1.5, and a one-way connected oil gas lubricant channel is disposed between the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice and the final stage quantitative airflow orifice.

2. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of claim 1, wherein the diameter D.sub.1 of said preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice and the diameter D.sub.3 of said final stage quantitative airflow orifice further satisfy an equation: D.sub.1/D.sub.3=1-1.2.

3. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of claim 1, wherein a relation between the diameter D.sub.1 of said preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice, a volume of the lubricant case and an engine displacement satisfies an equation: D.sub.1=K (the volume of the lubricantthe engine displacement), in which, the unit of D.sub.1 is mm, the unit of the volume of the lubricant case and the engine displacement is cm.sup.3, and a value range of K is 0.011-0.02.

4. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of claim 3, wherein a distance between each side of an inner wall of the crankcase and a corresponding side of a rotating space of the crank is smaller than 2 mm.

5. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for a 4-stroke engine of claim 4, wherein a bulge part bulged to a center position of the crank along an axial direction, is disposed on two inner sides of the crankcase, which are corresponding to two side of the crank along the axial direction.

6. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of one of the claim 1, wherein an inter-stage quantitative oil orifice is disposed between the crankcase and the cam box, and a diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2 is less than or equal to 3D.sub.1.

7. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of claim 6, wherein the lubricant case has a U-shaped section perpendicular to the crankshaft, the crankcase is surrounded by the lubricant case, and the left and right sides of the crankcase are each disposed with a preceding quantitative oil intake orifice thereon, and when the 4-stroke engine is under a condition of being disposed horizontally, the two preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifices are positioned at a cross point of two center lines, one of which is a forward-backward volume center line of the lubricant case, and the other of which is a forward-backward center line of the left and right side walls of the crankcase.

8. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of claim 6, wherein when the 4-stroke engine is under a condition of being disposed horizontally, the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice is positioned on a cross line of a volume center surface of the lubricant oil case and a case wall of the crankcase.

9. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of claim 7, wherein oil-shielding ribs are disposed on an outer case wall of the crankcase, at two sides of the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice or surrounding the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice.

10. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of claim 6, wherein the final stage quantitative airflow orifice is connected with the cylinder through a connection pipe.

11. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of claim 2, wherein a relation between the diameter D.sub.1 of said preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice, a volume of the lubricant case and an engine displacement satisfies an equation: D.sub.1=K (the volume of the lubricantthe engine displacement), in which, the unit of D.sub.1 is mm, the unit of the volume of the lubricant case and the engine displacement is cm.sup.3, and a value range of K is 0.011-0.02.

12. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of one of the claim 2, wherein an inter-stage quantitative oil orifice is disposed between the crankcase and the cam box, and a diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2 is less than or equal to 3D.sub.1.

13. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of one of the claim 3, wherein an inter-stage quantitative oil orifice is disposed between the crankcase and the cam box, and a diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2 is less than or equal to 3D.sub.1.

14. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of one of the claim 4, wherein an inter-stage quantitative oil orifice is disposed between the crankcase and the cam box, and a diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2 is less than or equal to 3D.sub.1.

15. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system for the 4-stroke engine of one of the claim 5, wherein an inter-stage quantitative oil orifice is disposed between the crankcase and the cam box, and a diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2 is less than or equal to 3D.sub.1.

16. A quantitative one-way oil gas lubricating method for the 4-stroke engine in one of the claim 1-10, comprising: controlling the diameter of the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice and the diameter of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice D.sub.3 to satisfy the relation: D.sub.1/D.sub.3=0.8-1.5, so that a pressure of an output end of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice is smaller than a pressure in the crankcase; enabling a lubricant oil sucked by the crankcase from the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice to flow along the oil gas lubricant channel and to lubricate parts of the 4-stroke engine that are passed through by the oil gas lubricant channel; and introducing a minute quantity of waste oil gas that flows out from the final stage quantitative airflow orifice into a cylinder of the 4-stroke engine so as to be burned completely.

17. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricating method for the 4-stroke engine of claim 16, wherein the oil gas lubricant channel, from the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice to the final stage quantitative airflow orifice, connects the crankcase, the cam box, a push rod channel and an upper rocker box of the 4-stroke engine in turns.

18. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricating method for the 4-stroke engine of claim 16, further comprises: controlling the diameter of the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1, a volume of the lubricant oil case and a power capacity of the 4-stroke engine to satisfy an equation: D.sub.1=K (the volume of the lubricant oil casethe power capacity of the engine), wherein a blow-and-suck pressure that a pulse air current applies to the lubricant oil in the lubricant oil case is controlled so as to control a flow quality of the lubricant oil that flows from the lubricant oil case to the crankcase in a range of 1.5-2 g/kwh, wherein the unit of D.sub.1 is mm, the unit of the lubricant oil case and the power capacity of the 4-stroke engine is cm.sup.3, and K is a value ranges from 0.011-0.02.

19. The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricating method for a 4-stroke engine of claim 16, further comprising: controlling the diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2 to be less than or equal to 3D.sub.1, and controlling a pressure of the crankcase during operation to be in a range of minus 0.003-0.008 Mpa.

20. A gasoline saw, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

21. A pruning shear, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

22. A grass trimmer, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

23. A brush cutter, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

24. An electric blower, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

25. A lawn mower, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

26. An electric generator, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

27. A water pump, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

28. A high pressure washer, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

29. A universal small engine, which is disposed with the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of one of the claim 1-10.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Further description of the present invention may be described below combining with the figures and the specific embodiments.

[0037] FIG. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the engine under a condition of being disposed horizontally;

[0038] FIG. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the engine under a right-mounted condition;

[0039] FIG. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the engine under a left-mounted condition;

[0040] FIG. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the engine under an inverted condition;

[0041] FIG. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the engine under a rear-mounted condition;

[0042] FIG. 6 shows the schematic diagram of the engine under a front-mounted condition.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0043] As shown in the FIGS. 1-6, the 4-stroke engine in the state of the art is disposed with a crankcase 1, a lubricant case 2, a cam box 4, a push rod 5, an upper rocker box 6 and a cylinder, top of which is disposed with a cover 3.

[0044] As shown in the FIG. 1, when the engine is under a condition of being disposed horizontally, seen from directly in the front side, the lubricant case 2 has a U-shaped section that is perpendicular to the crankshaft. The crankcase 1 is surrounded by a lubricant case 2, and a U-shaped cavity of the lubricant case 2 is formed between the wall of the crankcase 11 and the wall of the lubricant case 2, the bottoms of the crankcase 1 and the lubricant case 2 are both circular arcs which bulge downward, and the right and left sides of the crankcase 1 and the lubricant case 2 are both shown as circular arcs which bulge outward.

[0045] According to the present invention, the pulsing oil gas lubricant system for a 4-stroke engine comprises preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifices on left and right walls of the crankcase 1, that is, the first preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice 111 located at the left side wall of the crankcase 1 and the second preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice 112 located at the right side wall of the crankcase. When the engine is under the condition of being disposed horizontally, the two preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifices are positioned near the cross point of two center lines, one of which is forward-backward volume center line of the lubricant case, and the other of which is the forward-backward center line of the left and right side walls of the crankcase 1, and offset is allowed for the position of the orifices, for example, the distance with the cross point may be selected from the range of 0-20 mm. When the engine is under the condition of being disposed horizontally, the two preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifices are located at the positions that are no more than 50 mm above the liquid level of the lubricant oil. Even if the shape of the lubricant case 2 changes, when the engine is under the condition of being disposed horizontally, for the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifices, the preferred design is to dispose it on the intersecting lines of the volume center surface of the lubricant case and the wall of the crankcase, and the more specific position on the line may be decided according to the shape of the lubricant case.

[0046] The lubricant case 2 and the crankcase 1 are connected through the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifices, and the cam box 4 is connected with the upper rocker box 6 with the push rod channel, and the cylinder cover 3 is disposed with a final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31 thereon, and the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31 is connected with the upper rocker box 6. Thereby, a one-way connected oil gas lubricant channel is formed between the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice and the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31.

[0047] The pulsing oil gas lubricant system for a 4-stroke engine of the present invention blows and sucks the lubricant oil in the lubricant case 2 with the pulse airflow produced by the up-and-down movement of the piston. The diameter of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1 and the diameter of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice D.sub.3 are controlled to satisfy the equation: D.sub.1/D.sub.3=0.8-1.5, more preferably, to satisfy the equation: D.sub.1/D.sub.3=1-1.2. The blow-and-suck pressure that the pulse gas applies to the lubricant oil in the lubricant case 2 may be controlled by changing the diameter of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1, thereby the flow rate of the lubricant oil that flows from the lubricant case 2 to the crankcase 1 is controlled correspondingly. The diameter of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice D.sub.3 is designed to make sure that the lubricant in the machine flows out as little as possible, while the power capacity is not affected. Thereby, due to the single one-way connected oil gas lubricant channel between the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice and the final stage quantitative airflow orifice, the output end pressure of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31 may be accurately controlled in the range of 0.01-0.03 Mpa through the cooperative control to the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1 and the diameter of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice D.sub.3, and as a result, the lubricant oil gas supply may be controlled accurately. In this way, the parts at where the oil gas lubricant channel goes through are lubricated sufficiently, and no extra lubricant oil will flow out from the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31, additionally, during the process that the lubricant oil gas goes from the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice on the crankcase wall to the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31 on the cylinder cover, lubricated component stages are connected by a single gas oil orifice, thus forms a one-way connected oil gas lubricant channel, this ensures that no extra lubricant oil may flow back into the lubricant case 2 from the crankcase 1 or other cavities, realizing the one-way quantitative lubricating.

[0048] Furthermore, as shown in the FIG. 5, inter-stage quantitative oil orifice 41, and the diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2 is less than or equal to 3D.sub.1. The inter-stage quantitative oil orifice 41 introduces the concept of hierarchical control. When the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1 and the final stage quantitative airflow orifice D.sub.3 are determined, the traveling speed and the delivery capacity of the lubricant oil from the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice to the final stage quantitative airflow orifice may be controlled by controlling the diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2, thus realizing accurate control.

[0049] The design of two preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifices is used to make sure that the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice may work no matter how the engine is overturned so as to satisfy the normal operation of the quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system of a 4-stroke engine. As shown in FIG. 1, when the engine is under the condition of being disposed horizontally, both of the first preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice 111 and the second preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice 112 work. As shown in FIG. 2, when the engine is under a right-mounted condition, the second preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice 112 works mainly. As shown in FIG. 3, when the engine is under the left-mounted condition, the first preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice 111 works mainly. And as shown in the FIGS. 4-6, when the engine is under an inverted condition, or a rear-mounted condition, or a front-mounted condition, both of the first preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice 111 and the second preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice 112 work.

[0050] As shown in the FIG. 1, oil-shielding ribs 113 are disposed on the left and right sides of the outer case wall of the crankcase 1 at the upper and lower sides of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice. The preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice is disposed between oil-shielding ribs 113 at the upper and lower sides. Due to the blocking function of the oil-shielding ribs 113, when the engine is overturned with a certain angle, even the lubricant oil on the case wall that is closely against the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice will not flow into the crankcase 1 through the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice. Alternatively, the oil-shielding ribs may be disposed around the circumference of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice to get better oil-blocking effect.

[0051] Since the volume of the lubricant oil case and the power capacity of the engine may change, therefore, the diameter of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1 and the volume of the lubricant oil case and the power capacity of the 4-stroke engine satisfy the following equation: D.sub.1=K(the volume of the lubricant oil casethe power capacity of the engine), wherein the unit of D.sub.1 is mm, and the unit of the lubricant oil case and the power capacity of the 4-stroke engine is cm3, and K may take the value from the range of 0.011-0.02, and the value of K depends on the capacity, generally, K may be larger when the power capacity is large, and K may be smaller when the power capacity is small.

[0052] Finally, the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31 is connected to the cylinder through the communicating pipe 32, thus, even some part of lubricant oil flows out from the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31, the remaining little waste oil gas may be introduced to the cylinder through the communicating pipe 32 so as to burn the remaining little waste oil gas fully to reduce the consumption of the lubricant oil and to reduce waste emissions. Finally, the requirement of quantitative one-way oil gas lubricating is achieved, no extra lubricant oil that has been lubricated parts will flow back to the lubricant oil case 2 from the crankcase 1 or other cavities.

[0053] In addition, in order to ensure the normal operation when the engine is overturned in any angles, another essential condition is required, that is, the crankcase 1 should be designed to make sure that the distance between each side of the inner wall of the crankcase and the corresponding side of the rotating space of the crank is smaller than 2 mm. As shown in FIG. 5, the crankcase 1 is disposed with a bulge part 12, to make sure that the distance between each side of the inner wall of crankcase and the corresponding side of the rotating space of the crank is smaller than 2 mm, so as to make sure that no extra space in the crankcase 1 keeps lubricant oil from the lubricant oil case 2 in it when the engine is overturned with a certain angle, and except the quantitative lubricant oil flow through the parts that are to be lubricated in the crankcase 1, the remaining lubricant oil can only flow through the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice and continue flowing in a single direction to lubricate the cam box 4.

[0054] The above-mentioned pulse oil gas lubricant system of the 4-stroke engine controls the supply quantity of the lubricant oil gas and the flow velocity of the lubricant oil that flows in the oil gas lubricant channel accurately by controlling the diameter of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1 and the diameter of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice D.sub.3 to satisfy the equation: D.sub.1/D.sub.3=0.8-1.5 and controlling the diameter of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice D.sub.1, the volume of the lubricant case and the engine displacement to satisfy the equation: D.sub.1=K (the volume of the lubricantthe engine displacement). Therefore, the supply quantity of the lubricant oil gas and the flow velocity of the lubricant oil that flows in the oil gas lubricant channel may be controlled accurately to ensure the quantitative one-way lubricating. The oil gas channel connects the crankcase 1, the cam box 4, the push rod channel, the upper rocker box 6 in turns from the preceding quantitative oil intake orifice to the final quantitative airflow orifice, and very few waste oil gas that flows out from the final stage quantitative airflow orifice is introduced to the cylinder to be burned completed.

[0055] When the volume of the lubricant oil case and the power capacity of the engine is determined with a certain value, the plunge moves up-and-down with a frequency of 0.01-0.002 s to form a pulse air current. The pressure and velocity of the pulse air current is basically stable. The blow pressure and suck pressure that the pulse air current applies to the lubricant oil in the lubricant oil case is determined by controlling the diameter of the preceding stage quantitative oil intake orifice, and then the flow quantity of the lubricant oil gas that flows from the lubricant oil case 2 to the crankcase 1 is controlled. Under the above condition, the flow quantity is controlled in the range of 1.5-2 g/kw.Math.h.

[0056] After the crankcase 1 is lubricated, and then the cam box 4 is lubricated, and the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice 41 between the crankcase 1 and the cam box 4 is designed to satisfy the relation: the diameter of the inter-stage quantitative oil orifice D.sub.2 is less than or equal to 3D.sub.1. The pressure in the crankcase 1 is minus 0.003-0.008 Mpa during operation, and the lubricant oil that enters into the cam box 4 is controlled to satisfy the lubricating for the cam and the timing gear, and additionally, the remained lubricant oil may satisfy the lubricating for the next lubricated part, that is, the parts in the upper rocker box 6.

[0057] After the upper rocker box 6 is lubricated, the very few remaining waste oil gas is introduced into the cylinder through the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31 that is positioned on the top of the cover of the cylinder. The size of the final stage quantitative airflow orifice 31 is designed to make sure that the lubricant oil in the machine flows out as little as possible, and meanwhile, the power capacity of the machine will not be affected. Specifically, by controlling the diameter of the final stage quantitative airflow gas orifice, the oil between the final stage quantitative airflow orifice and the cylinder flows with the velocity of 3-5 mm/s.

[0058] The quantitative one-way oil gas lubricant system provided by the present invention may be used to install various tools installed with a 4-stroke engine, such as gasoline saw, pruning shears, grass trimmer, brush cutter, electric blower, lawn mower, electric generator, water pump, high pressure washer, universal small engine and so on. However, it is should be understood that the scope of protection is not limited to the listing above.