Optically variable security element with tilt image

Abstract

(EN) The invention relates to an optically variable security element (20) for securing data carriers, having a flip image comprising first and second identifiers (24, 26) which can be detected from different first and second viewing directions (40, 42). According to the invention, the first and second identifiers (24, 26) of the flip image are present in an optically variable recording layer (30), which has a reflective layer (52) produced by a vacuum deposition process, and the security element (20) contains a viewing element screen (32) which is spaced apart from the recording layer (30) and which, when viewed from the first or second viewing direction (40, 42), reveals the first or second identifiers (24, 26), respectively.

Claims

1. An optically variable security element for safeguarding data carriers, having a viewing element grid spaced apart from an optically variable recording layer by a spacer layer, the optically variable recording layer comprising: a colored reflection layer; an absorber layer arranged to produce a color shift effect; and a dielectric spacer layer arranged between the reflection layer and the absorber layer; wherein the recording layer defines at least one first partial gap and one complete second gap, configured such that upon viewing through the viewing element grid in a plan view from a first tilt or a second tilt angle shows a first or second marking, respectively, along with a color shift effect, wherein the at least one first partial gap extends through the absorber layer; and wherein the at least one complete second gap extends through the absorber layer, the dielectric layer, and the reflection layer, the at least one complete second gap is configured to produce a transmission effect.

2. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the optically variable recording layer contains a film element with the color shift effect.

3. The security element according to claim 2, wherein the film element comprises the reflection layer, an absorber layer and a dielectric spacer layer arranged between the reflection layer and the absorber layer, and the first and/or second markings are formed by at least gaps in two or more layers of: the absorber layer; the reflection layer; and the dielectric spacer layer.

4. The security element according to claim 3, wherein either or both the first and second markings respectively comprise first and second partial markings, the first partial markings being formed by gaps only in the absorber layer and the second partial markings being formed by gaps both in the absorber layer and in the reflection layer, so that the security element shows different tilt images in plan view and in transmission.

5. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the first and second markings are incorporated in the optically variable recording layer through the viewing element grid by laser radiation from different directions.

6. The security element according to claim 4, wherein the first and second markings are incorporated in the optically variable recording layer through the viewing element grid with laser radiation from different directions, and further wherein the first and second partial markings are incorporated in the optically variable recording layer through the viewing element grid by laser radiation with different laser energy from laser energy for the first and second markings.

7. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the reflection layer of the optically variable recording layer is present over a full area at least outside the markings.

8. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the reflection layer of the optically variable recording layer is gridded at least in partial regions outside the markings and comprises in these partial regions a multiplicity of grid elements which are formed by gaps in a substantially opaque layer, or by substantially opaque, spaced-apart pattern elements.

9. The security element according to claim 8, wherein the gridded partial regions form a motif in the form of patterns, characters, or a coding.

10. The security element according to claim 8, wherein the grid elements are arranged stochastically.

11. The security element according to claim 8, wherein the grid elements are configured to be circular or line-shaped.

12. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the viewing element grid comprises of a plurality of microlenses, or of a plurality of micro-concave mirrors that have a reflector configured as an optically variable layer and that is formed by a color-shifting thin-film system.

13. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the optically variable recording layer is separated from the viewing element grid by a transparent spacer layer.

14. The security element according to claim 4, wherein the first and second markings are incorporated in the optically variable recording layer through the viewing element grid with relatively high laser energy radiation from different directions, and further wherein the first and second partial markings are incorporated in the optically variable recording layer through the viewing element grid by laser radiation with relatively lower laser energy.

15. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the viewing element comprises cylindrical lenses, and a thickness of the spacer layer and a focal length of the cylindrical lenses are configured such that the first partial and second complete gaps lie in a focal plane of the cylindrical lenses.

16. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the reflection layer comprises both a full layer and a grid pattern in areas surrounding the gaps.

17. The security element according to claim 1, wherein the grid pattern of the reflection layer comprises circular grid elements with a diameter between 10 m and 100 m.

18. A data carrier, comprising the security element recited in claim 1.

19. An optically variable security element for safeguarding data carriers, comprising: a tilt image of first and second markings which are recognizable from different first or second tilt angles, wherein the first and second markings of the tilt image are present in an optically variable recording layer including a film element comprising a reflection layer produced by a vacuum deposition method, an absorber layer and a dielectric spacer layer arranged between the reflection layer and the absorber layer, the first markings formed by at least one partial gap in the absorber layer that extends therethrough and which upon viewing from the first or second tilt angles shows the first markings along with a color shift effect, and wherein second markings formed by at least one complete gap extend through the absorber layer, the dielectric layer, and the reflection layer, wherein upon viewing the at least one complete gap from the first or second tilt angles shows the second markings along with a color shift effect; and a viewing element grid spaced apart from the recording layer, which upon viewing from the first or second tilt angles shows the first or second markings along with a color shift effect, wherein the viewing element grid comprises a plurality of microconcave mirrors which are separated from the optically variable recording layer by a spacer layer.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 a plan view of an identification card with a security element according to the invention,

(2) FIG. 2 schematically a cross-section of the card of FIG. 1 along the line II-II,

(3) FIG. 3 in (a) to (c) three embodiments of the invention, in which the optically variable recording layer is respectively formed by a thin-film element with color shift effect,

(4) FIG. 4 a security element with a gridded reflection layer according to an embodiment of the invention,

(5) FIG. 5 a security element with a reflection layer partly present over the full area and partly present in gridded fashion according to a different embodiment of the invention, and

(6) FIG. 6 a security element with a viewing element grid of a plurality of micro-concave mirrors according to a further embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(7) The invention will now be explained by the example of an identification card. FIG. 1 shows for this purpose a schematic representation of an identification card 10 in the ID-1 format, which is provided with a security element 20 according to the invention. FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-section of the card 10 in the region of the security element 20 along the line II-II of FIG. 1.

(8) For safeguarding purposes, the card 10 has, besides data 12 applied in a conventional way, an optically variable security element 20, which contains a tilt image of first and second markings 24, 26 which are schematically represented in FIG. 1 by the letter sequences A A A or B B B. Unlike in the graphic representation of FIG. 1, upon viewing of the card 10 the markings 24, 26 are recognizable not simultaneously but only by tilting the card 10 in a respectively different tilt angle 40, 42.

(9) The markings 24, 26 of the tilt image are present in an optically variable recording layer 30, for example a thin-film element with color shift effect. The recording layer 30 contains in particular a reflection layer produced by a vacuum deposition method, and thus allows a tilt image to be incorporated in a simple and cost-effective manner in the optically variable recording layer. Particularly advantageously, the reflection layer represents the reflector of a thin-film element with color shift effect.

(10) The security element 20 further contains a viewing element grid 32 separated from the recording layer 30 by a spacer layer 28, said viewing element grid consisting of a plurality of parallel cylindrical lenses 34. The viewing element grid 32 in the embodiment is configured in the form of a horizontal lenticular grid, in other embodiments, however, it may also be configured for example in the form of a vertical lenticular grid.

(11) The thickness of the spacer layer 28 and the focal length of the cylindrical lenses 34 are so mutually coordinated that the markings 24, 26 of the recording layer 30 lie approximately in the focal plane of the lenses 34.

(12) In an advantageous configuration, the markings 24, 26 are written into the optically variable recording layer 30 by means of a pulsed infrared laser after the application of the lenticular grid 32. For this purpose, a laser beam is directed from various directions 40 or 42 onto the lenticular grid 32. The cylindrical lenses 34 focus the laser beam depending on the irradiation direction 40, 42 on different partial regions of the optically variable recording layer 30 and produce there the desired markings 24, 26 by the interaction of the laser radiation with the material of the recording layer 30. This interaction may consist in for example a local demetallization of the reflection layer and/or of the absorber layer of a color-shifting thin-film element, as will be explained hereinbelow more closely with reference to FIG. 3.

(13) Upon viewing of the finished card 10, then from the viewing direction 40, because of the focusing effect of the cylindrical lenses 34, just the partial regions with the marking 24 written in from this direction are recognizable and join together to the letters A A A for a viewer. Accordingly, from the viewing direction 42 the partial regions with the markings 26 written in from this direction are recognizable and join together to the letters B B B for a viewer. From the flatter viewing directions 44, 46 the cylindrical lenses respectively show only partial regions of the optically variable recording layer 30, which were not modified by laser radiation and contain no markings.

(14) Altogether, the security element 20 thus exhibits upon viewing an optically double-variable appearance. The first optically variable effect is given by the tilt effect of the tilt image 24, 26: If the card is tilted from the viewing direction 44 via the viewing directions 40 and 42 toward the viewing direction 46, so the viewer first sees the recording layer 30 without marking (viewing direction 44), from viewing direction 40 the first marking 24 becomes visible and from viewing direction 42 then the second marking 26, until from the viewing direction 46 finally again only the recording layer 30 without markings is to be recognized.

(15) The second optically variable effect is given by the optical variability of the recording layer 30 itself and depends on the type of the chosen recording layer. Preferably, the second optically variable effect is a viewing angle-dependent color shift effect, which conveys to the viewer a color impression that changes with the viewing direction. The color impression of the recording layer may change upon tilting of the security element, for example from green to blue, from blue to magenta, or from magenta to green.

(16) FIG. 3 shows in (a) to (c) three embodiments of the invention, wherein the optically variable recording layer is respectively formed by a thin-film element 50 with color shift effect, which has a reflection layer 52, an absorber layer 56 and a dielectric spacer layer 54 arranged between the reflection layer and the absorber layer.

(17) In the embodiment of FIG. 3(a), the first and second markings 24, 26 are respectively formed by gaps 66 in the absorber layer 56 of the thin-film element 50. Such gaps 66 can be produced for example by lasering of the thin-film element 50 with relatively low laser energy. Upon viewing of the security element of FIG. 3(a) in plan view, the demetallized gaps 66 of the absorber layer 56 appear without color shift effect in the color of the reflection layer 52, while the regions of the thin-film element 50 lying outside the gaps 66 show the specified color shift effect.

(18) For example, the markings 24, 26 formed by the demetallized gaps 66 can join together to silvery lustrous letters A A A for a viewer upon viewing the security element in plan view from the viewing direction 40 and to silvery lustrous letters B B B from viewing direction 42, in each case in front of a color-shifting background. From other viewing directions 44, 46, neither the letters A A A of the marking 24 nor the letters B B B of the marking 26 but only the color-shifting background of the thin-film element 50 are recognizable.

(19) The security element of FIG. 3(a) is designed to be viewed in plan view and can be arranged in particular in an opaque region of a card 10 or of another data carrier.

(20) In the embodiment of FIG. 3(b), the first and second markings 24, 26 are respectively formed by gaps 62 both in the absorber layer 56 and in the reflection 52 of the thin-film element 50. Such gaps 62 can be produced for example by lasering of the thin-film element 50 with relatively high laser energy, so that not only the absorber layer 56 but also the reflection layer 52 is demetallized in certain regions.

(21) Upon viewing of the security element of FIG. 3(b) in plan view, the demetallized gaps 62 of the absorber layer 56 and of the reflection layer 52 appear colorless, while the regions of the thin-film element lying outside the gaps 62 show the specified color shift effect. Since the gaps 62 also extend through the reflection layer 52, they are visible not only in plan view but also in transmission and then appear light against the dark background of the opaque reflection layer 52.

(22) For example, the markings 24, 26 formed by the demetallized gaps 62 can join together to the numbers 1 1 1 for a viewer upon viewing the security element from the viewing direction 40 and to the numbers 2 2 2 from viewing direction 42. In plan view, the numbers appear colorless against the color shifting background of the thin-film element 50, in transmitted light they appear light against a dark background of the reflection layer 52.

(23) The security element of FIG. 3(b) is designed to be viewed both in plan view and in transmission, and can be arranged in particular in a transparent or translucent window region or above an opening of a card 10 or of another data carrier.

(24) By a suitable variation of the laser parameters, for example of the laser energy, there can also be produced two different tilt images for viewing in plan view and in transmission, as illustrated in FIG. 3(c). There, at first, by subjecting the thin-film element to low laser energy gaps 66 were produced only in the absorber layer 56 of the thin-film element 50, which gaps respectively form first partial markings 24-A and 26-A of the markings 24, 26. By subjecting the thin-film element to higher laser energy, furthermore, gaps 62 both in the absorber layer 56 and in the reflection layer 52 of the thin-film element 50 were produced, which gaps respectively form second partial markings 24-B and 26-B of the markings 24, 26.

(25) Upon viewing of the security element of FIG. 3(c) in plan view, the demetallized gaps 66 of the absorber layer 56 appear without color shift effect in the color of the reflection layer 52, while the demetallized gaps 62 of the absorber layer 56 and of the reflection layer 52 appear colorless. The regions of the thin-film element lying outside the gaps 62 and 66 show the specified color shift effect. Upon viewing in transmission, however, only the gaps 62 which also extend through the reflection layer 52 are visible, as described in FIG. 3(b). The security element of FIG. 3(c) thus shows two different tilt images in plan view and in transmission.

(26) For example, the partial markings 24-A, 26-A formed by the gaps 66 may supplement each other to the letters A A A from the viewing direction 40 and to the letters B B B from the viewing direction 42, and the partial markings 24-B, 26-B formed by the through-going gaps 62 may supplement each other to the numbers 1 1 1 from the viewing direction 40 and to the numbers 2 2 2 from the viewing direction 42.

(27) In plan view the viewer then sees the partial markings 24-A, 26A formed by the gaps 66 silvery lustrous with the color impression of the reflection layer 52 and the partial markings 24-B, 26-B formed by the through-going gaps 62 colorless, thus perceives upon tilting the security element a tilt image from A1 A1 A1 to B2 B2 B2 against a color-shifting background, the letters respectively appearing silvery lustrous and the numbers colorless.

(28) In transmission, the gaps 66 present only in the absorber layer 56 are not to be recognized, while the partial markings 24-B, 26-B formed by the gaps 62 appear light against the dark background of the reflection layer 52. In transmission the viewer thus perceives upon tilting the security element a tilt image of light numbers from 1 1 1 to 2 2 2 against a dark background.

(29) The reflection layer of the optically variable recording layer can be present outside the markings not only over the full area, as shown in the FIGS. 2 and 3, but can there also be gridded at least in partial regions.

(30) FIG. 4 shows for this purpose a security element 70 having an optically variable recording layer in the form of a color shifting thin-film element 72 having a gridded reflection layer 74, an absorber layer 56, and a dielectric spacer layer 54. The first and second markings 24, 26 are formed, similar to those in the embodiment of FIG. 3(b), by gaps 76 both in the absorber layer 56 and in the reflection layer 72 of the thin-film element 70.

(31) In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 3(b), the reflection layer 74 is gridded outside the markings 24, 26 and consists of a multiplicity of spaced-apart grid elements 78. Therefore, in transmission the security element 70 is not opaque also outside the markings, but rather weakly transparent. For example, the grid elements 78 can be configured circular with a diameter between 10 m and 100 m. The gridding can be configured such that the grid elements 78 are visible in direction-dependent fashion, but, however, that averaged over several lens diameters a non-direction-dependent transmittance of the reflection layer 74 is present. Here, a stochastic distribution of the grid elements 78 has proved advantageous, in order to avoid undesirable moir effects.

(32) In such a configuration, the security element can also be combined with further for example printed plan-view/transmission-view features, such as printed information disappearing in transmission. The latter can also be provided on the back side of the security element.

(33) The reflection layer of the optically variable recording layer can also be present partly over the full area and partly in gridded fashion. FIG. 5 shows for this purpose a security element 80 which to a great extent is constructed like the security element 70 of FIG. 4. In contrast to this, the recording layer 72 of the security element 80 contains a reflection layer 82, which in first partial regions 84 is present over the full area and in second partial regions 86 in gridded fashion. The gridded partial regions 86 here form by their outline form a motif which, due to the weak transparency of the gridded partial regions 86, in transmission are visible against the opaque background of the full-area partial regions 84. The security element 80 thus has, in addition to the optically double-variable appearance, a plan-view/transmission-view effect, namely the motif of the gridded partial regions 86 which appears in transmission. By different sizes or distances of the grid elements 78 this motif can also be formed with a plurality of shades of grey.

(34) The markings 24, 26 can be incorporated in the recording layer also in a different way, instead of the described lasering through the lenses 34, for example by a demetallization of an absorber or reflection layer by a washing, etching, or oil ablation method. Also, an optical ablation can be done for example by the recording layer being structured via a high-resolution mask with a single exposure.

(35) As viewing elements there are suitable, in addition to the hitherto described lenses 34, also micro-concave mirrors 92. With reference to FIG. 6, a security element 90 contains a grid of a plurality of micro-concave mirrors 92, which are separated via a spacer layer 28 from the optically variable recording layer 72.

(36) The recording layer 72 must be at least partly transparent in this variant of the invention, which can be ensured for example by using a gridded reflection layer 74. Further, the recording layer 72 is to be arranged such that its optically variable effect is visible from the lower side 96, i.e. the side facing the micro-concave mirrors 92, as shown in FIG. 6.

(37) In a further variant of the invention which is not represented, the optically variable effect is from the upper side.

(38) Also in the variant of the invention having micro-concave mirrors 92, a motif can be written into the optically variable recording layer 72 by means of laser exposure in the way described above, or the recording layer 72 can be structured by a washing, etching, or oil ablation method. Further, the reflector 94 of the micro-concave mirrors 92 can be configured as an optically variable layer and can be formed in particular by a color-shifting thin-film system. The reflector 94 of the micro-concave mirrors 92 can also be partly or completely gridded, in order to produce see-through effects. For the gridding of the reflector 94 there are the same possibilities here as for the gridded reflection layer 74, so that in this respect reference is made to the above explanations. In particular, the gridded regions of the reflector 94 can form a motif and/or make visible additional security features provided on the back side of the security element 90.

(39) In further configurations, the tilt images of the recording layer can show a magnification and/or depth effect as known from moir magnifier systems. The production and properties of such micro-optic representation arrangements are described for example in the international applications WO 2009/00528 A1 and WO 2006/087138 A1, whose disclosure is incorporated in the present description in this regard. Upon viewing of a security element of the invention with moir magnification effect, there can then be seen from the respective tilt angle a marking, which depending on the configuration appears to float in front of or behind the plane of the security element.