Fiber optic system and method for reducing bias errors in such a fiber optic system
09983006 · 2018-05-29
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
International classification
Abstract
The bias error in a fiber optic system comprising a fiber optic gyroscope can be determined by determining of at least two different values for rotation rate by an evaluation unit of the fiber optic gyroscope for almost constant rotation rate applied to the fiber optic gyroscope and/or can be reduced by a linear combination of the at least two different values for the rotation rate. A fiber optic system that is suitable for carrying out this method comprises besides the fiber optic gyroscope a control device that is configured to control at least one element of the fiber optic gyroscope such that at least two different values for the rotation rate are determined by the evaluation unit of the fiber optic gyroscope for almost constant rotation rate applied to the fiber optic gyroscope.
Claims
1. A fiber optic system comprising: a fiber optic gyroscope comprising: a light source, a fiber coil, an optical device comprising: a multifunctional integrated optical chip (MIOC) that includes a phase modulator, the MIOC splits a light beam coming from the light source into generated light beams and the phase modulator modulates the phase of at least one of the generated light beams to adjust a current working point of the fiber optic gyroscope, the MIOC irradiates the generated light beams in directions opposite to each other into the fiber coil and unifies the light beams leaving the fiber coil, a photo detector to generate a signal corresponding to the light intensity of an interference signal generated due to the reunification of the light beams, an amplifier to amplify the signal generated in the photo detector, and an evaluation unit that includes a control loop to generate by means of the signals generated by the amplifier a modulation signal, which controls the phase modulator such that a reset of the interference signal according to the current working point of the fiber optic gyroscope is obtained or that a predetermined value is set as the current working point of the fiber optic gyroscope, and to determine based on the modulation signal a rotation rate of the fiber optic gyroscope, a control device to control at least one element of the fiber optic gyroscope such that at least two different values (.sub.1, .sub.2) for the rotation rate are determined by the evaluation unit for almost constant rotation rate applied to the fiber optic gyroscope, and a processing unit to compare the at least two different values for the rotation rate to determine a bias error (BF) used to correct the rotation rate of the fiber optic gyroscope based on the modulation signal, wherein the evaluation unit includes a toggle demultiplexor that relates each of the at least two different values for the rotation rates in a specific cycle to two different interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope.
2. The fiber optic system according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit reduces the bias error (BF) of the fiber optic gyroscope by a linear combination of the at least two determined values (.sub.1, .sub.2) for the rotation rate and generates a corrected value (.sub.k) for the rotation rate applied to the fiber optic gyroscope.
3. The fiber optic system according to claim 1, wherein the control device controls the evaluation unit such that at least two different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope are set by a corresponding control of the phase modulator.
4. The fiber optic system according to claim 3, further comprising: a unit for generating a dither amplitude that is suitable for setting at least two different values of the dither amplitude according to a signal of the control device, and a toggle control unit that is configured to determine the values of the working points of the fiber optic gyroscope in consecutive cycles and to control the values such that these values have a predetermined sequence.
5. The fiber optic system according to claim 3, further comprising: a unit to generate a modulation deviation to set at least two different values of the modulation deviation according to a signal of the control device, and a toggle control unit to determine the values of the working points of the fiber optic gyroscope in consecutive cycles and to control the values such that these values have a predetermined sequence.
6. The fiber optic system according to claim 1, wherein the control device controls at least one element of the group comprising the light source, the optical device having the phase modulator, the photo detector, and the amplifier such that at least two different interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope are obtained by an according control of the element.
7. The fiber optic system according to claim 6, wherein the control device modulates a light source current to set at least two different powers of the light source, the control device comprises a toggle control unit to determine values of the light source power of the fiber optic gyroscope in consecutive cycles and to control the values such that these values have a predetermined sequence.
8. The fiber optic system according to claim 6, wherein the control device sets at least two different analog amplifications of the amplifier, the control device comprises a toggle control unit to determine the values of the analog amplification of the fiber optic gyroscope in consecutive cycles and to control the values such that these values have a predetermined sequence.
9. A method for operating a fiber optic system having a fiber optic gyroscope comprising: generating a light beam from a light source; splitting the light beam into two light beams by an optical device; modulating a phase at least one of the two light beams with a phase modulator to adjust a current working point of the fiber optic gyroscope; irradiating the two light beams in opposite directions into a fiber coil; unifying the two light beams leaving the fiber optic coil; generating an interference signal; converting the interference signal with a photo detector into an electrical signal that corresponds to a light intensity of the interference signal; amplifying the electrical signal with an amplifier; converting the electrical signal into a modulation signal with an analog/digital converter; resetting the interference signal according to the current working point of the fiber optic gyroscope; determining a rotation rate of the fiber optic gyroscope; determining at least two different values (.sub.1, .sub.2) for the rotation rate of the fiber optic gyroscope; comparing the at least two different values of the rotation rate to determine a bias error; and correcting the rotation rate of the fiber optic gyroscope based on the bias error, wherein the at least two different values for the rotation rate are obtained by obtaining at least two different interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope by a corresponding control of at least one element from the group comprising the light source, the optical device having the phase modulator, the photo detector, and the amplifier.
10. The method according to claim 9, further comprising reducing the bias error (BF) of the fiber optic gyroscope by a linear combination of the at least two determined values (.sub.1, .sub.2) for the rotation rate and a corrected value (.sub.k) for the rotation rate applied to the fiber optic gyroscope is determined.
11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the at least two different values (.sub.1, .sub.2) for the rotation rate are obtained by setting at least two different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope by using a corresponding control of the phase modulator.
12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising generating a dither amplitude, wherein the at least two different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope are set by at least two different values of the dither amplitude, wherein the values of the working points of the fiber optic gyroscope are set in consecutive cycles such that these values have a predetermined sequence, and wherein the value determined for the rotation rate in a specific cycle is related to one of the at least two different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope.
13. The method according to claim 11, further comprising generating a modulation deviation, wherein the at least two different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope are set by at least two different values of the modulation deviation, wherein the values of the working points of the fiber optic gyroscope in consecutive cycles are set such that these values have a predetermined sequence, and wherein the value determined for the rotation rate in a specific cycle is related to one of the at least two different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope.
14. The method according to claim 9, wherein the at least two different interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope are obtained by at least two different values of the light source power, wherein the values of the light source power in consecutive cycles are set such that these values have a predetermined sequence, and wherein the value determined in a specific cycle for the rotation rate is related to one of the at least two different interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope.
15. The method according to claim 9, wherein the at least two different interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope are obtained by at least two different values for the analog amplification of the amplifier, wherein the values of the amplification in consecutive cycles are set such that these values have a predetermined sequence, and wherein the value determined for the rotation rate in a specific cycle is related to one of the at least two different interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope.
Description
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5) The fiber optic system 1 illustrated in
(6) Phase modulation set by the phase modulator 130 determines the current working point of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 on an interferometer characteristic of the fiber optic gyroscope 10, the interferometer characteristic being defined by parameters of the components of the fiber optic gyroscope 10. Such parameters that determine the interferometer characteristic are for example the light power of the light source 11, an amplitude modulation of the used light, which is caused by the optical device 13 or other components of the fiber optic gyroscope 10, the light sensitivity of the photo detector 14 or the analog amplification of the amplifier 15. By means of the interferometer characteristic a rotation rate applied to the fiber optic gyroscope 10 can be determined based on the signal generated by the amplifier in the evaluation unit 16. In closed loop operation of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 the evaluation unit 16 comprises a control loop that generates a modulation signal that is suitable for controlling the phase modulation 130 such that a reset of the interference signal according to the current working point of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 can be achieved. Based on the amount of deviation of the signal generated by the amplifier and of the signal predetermined by the working point of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 or, respectively, based on the value of the necessary reset signal the evaluation unit 16 determines the rotation rate that is applied to the fiber optic gyroscope 10. In addition, by means of a modified modulation signal also a new current working point of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 may be set.
(7) The fiber optic gyroscope 10 has a bias error BF, whose origin has already been described above. The size of the bias error BF depends on the position of the working points of the fiber optic gyroscope on the interferometer characteristic of the fiber optic gyroscope as well as on the characteristic values of the interferometer characteristic of the fiber optic gyroscope as such, wherein in particular the gradient of the characteristic at the working point, i.e. the size or amplification of a signal deviating from the working point of the characteristic, matters.
(8) These features of the bias error BF are used in the method according to the invention, which is illustrated in
(9) For this first working point or, respectively, for this first interferometer characteristic at step S21 a first rotation rate .sub.1 is determined by the evaluation unit 16 for the rotation rate that is actually applied to the fiber optic gyroscope 10.
(10) Then, the control device 20 controls the components of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 such that at step S22 a second working point is set at the given interferometer characteristic of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 or that a second interferometer characteristic of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 is obtained. It is also possible to newly adjust the working point, i.e. the phase modulation generated by the phase modulation 130, as well as the interferometer characteristic.
(11) At step S23 for this second working point or, respectively, for the second interferometer characteristic a second rotation rate .sub.2 is determined by the evaluation unit 16 for the rotation rate that is actually applied to the fiber optic gyroscope 10.
(12) As the change of working point or, respectively, of the interferometer characteristic as well as the determination of the rotation rate by the evaluation unit are carried out in a very short time period, while the rotation rate applied to the fiber optic gyroscope 10 changes only comparatively slow, the first determined rotation rate .sub.1 as well as the second determined rotation rate .sub.2 correspond to almost identical rotation rates that are actually applied to the fiber optic gyroscope 10. This means that the difference between the two determined rotation rates .sub.1 and .sub.2 is caused by different sizes of the bias error for the underlying working points or, respectively, interferometer characteristics.
(13) Due to this, at step S24 it is possible to determine by a comparison of the two determined rotation rates .sub.1 and .sub.2 or by further processing the two determined rotation rates .sub.1 and .sub.2 the bias error BF of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 for a specific working point on a specific interferometer characteristic. Moreover, at step S25 a corrected value SIT (for the rotation rate can be generated by a linear combination of the two determined rotation rates .sub.1 and .sub.2 that corresponds to the rotation rate that is actually applied to the fiber optic gyroscope 10 and that has a reduced bias error. Ideally, the bias error BF may even be compensated or eliminated totally. Steps S24 and S25 are carried out by the processing unit 30 illustrated in
(14)
(15) In addition, also the steps S20 and S21 as well as S22 and S23 may be carried out several times after each other such that several values for the first rotation rate .sub.1 and several values for the second rotation rate .sub.2 are determined, from which then the mean is taken to obtain the rotation rate values .sub.1 and .sub.2 that are used in steps S24 and S25. In this process, the steps for setting the different working points or for obtaining the different interferometer characteristics, and for determining the corresponding associated rotation rate values .sub.i should be carried out alternating orfor more than two working points or interferometer characteristicsin a predetermined sequence that allows relating of a specific determined rotation rate value .sub.i to a specific working point or a specific interferometer characteristic.
(16) Step S24 is optional. It may for example be carried out only during a calibration or test phase of the fiber optic gyroscope to judge the quality of the fiber optic gyroscope based on predetermined limits for the bias error. The determined bias error BF may then be stored and/or used for further processing steps.
(17) As examples for the linear combination carried out at step S25 of the determined rotation rate values .sub.i only forming of (weighted) differences or averages has been indicated here. However, also other different linear combinations are possible.
(18) The control device 20 and the processing device 30 that are illustrated in
(19)
(20) The control loop 162 comprises different components as for example adders, multipliers, and dead time elements that serve for a corresponding processing of the applied signals and to some of which signals from supporting control loops are supplied, which are not shown in the control loop 162 illustrated in
(21) The unit 61 for generating the modulation deviation may for example generate a modulation deviation of /2, to which one of the generally used working points on the interferometer characteristic corresponds.
(22) The unit 63 for generating the dither amplitude can be controlled by the control device 20 by means of a control signal such that it generates at least two different values for the dither amplitude. For example, a first amplitude having the value (/2)/256, which corresponds to the standard amplitude, and a second, strongly increased amplitude having for example the value of 70.Math.(/2)/256 may be set. As the dither signal with the adjusted dither amplitude serves for generating the second digital signal S.sub.2, which corresponds after digital/analog conversion to the modulation signal, thus, different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 on the interferometer characteristic of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 can be set.
(23) To be able to evaluate the rotation rate information of the different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 separately and in relation to the corresponding working points, the modulation-random-bit and the dither-random-bit are interrelated in the toggle control unit 65 by an XOR logic. This ensures that a series of working points can be set that have either a sequence that is strictly alternating from cycle to cycle or that is predetermined. Further, it is ensured that rotation rate values .sub.i can be generated and then related to the respectively corresponding working point. To this end, by using the XOR logic of the modulation-random-bit and the dither-random-bit it is determined on which of the predetermined levels the working point will be located in the next cycle. If in a comparison of this level with the working point level of the previous modulation cycle identity is determined, an alternating sequence of working points can be achieved by inverting the dither-random-bit. If more than two different working points are to be set, the toggle control unit 65 is formed accordingly.
(24) Using the signal of the toggle control unit 65 a toggle demultiplexer 67 is operated after the signal passed a corresponding dead time element 66 (in
(25)
(26) The dead time elements may be adapted to the number of working points and the working speed of the components comprised in the fiber optic gyroscope 10. In this manner, also retardations other than the illustrated retardation of two cycles can be realized by the corresponding dead time elements.
(27)
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(29) To adjust the different light source current values and to relate the determined third digital signal S.sub.3 or, respectively, the determined rotation rate values to a specific interferometer characteristic, the control device 20 comprises besides a control unit 21, which provides a signal for adjusting the respective light source current in the light source 11, a toggle control unit 22 and a dead time element 23. The toggle control unit 22 serves for adjusting a predetermined sequence of interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 to be obtained, similarly as already described with respect to the first embodiment of
(30) Using the signal from the toggle control unit 22 a toggle demultiplexer 67 in the evaluation unit 16 is operated after the signal has passed a dead time element 23, which is adapted to the implementation. Here, the toggle demultiplexer 67 relates the determined rotation rate values .sub.i to a specific interferometer characteristic. The rotation rate values .sub.i that are related to the same interferometer characteristic or the corresponding third digital signals S.sub.3 are averaged in a corresponding integrator 68 and output as rotation rate values.
(31) In contrast to the control loop 162 of the first embodiment illustrated in
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(33) Also an alternative or additional control of other components of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 is possible.
(34) The combination of the first and the second embodiment of the fiber optic system with the method for operating the fiber optic system is also conceivable. Stated differently, components of the control loop 162 for setting different working points of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 as well as other components of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 for obtaining different interferometer characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope 10 may be controlled simultaneously or in a time shifted manner.