APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE PRESSURE AND FLOW RATE OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSIVE LIQUID

Abstract

An apparatus for measuring a pressure of a corrosive or high temperature process liquid includes a pressure sensor in communication with the process liquid via a vertical tube. A buffer gas injected into the vertical tube forms a liquid/gas interface at a desired height. The buffer gas supply is then either isolated or regulated so as to cause the buffer gas pressure within the vertical tube to remain equal with the process liquid pressure. The pressure sensor indirectly measures the process liquid pressure by measuring the buffer gas pressure within the vertical tube, while remaining chemically and thermally protected from the process liquid. In embodiments, pressure measurements from a pair of gas buffered pressure sensors located upstream and downstream of a valve are combined with measurements of the process liquid temperature to determine a flow rate of the process liquid through the valve.

Claims

1. A pressure measuring apparatus configured to enable measurement of a pressure of a corrosive and/or high temperature process liquid while protecting a process liquid pressure sensor from being damaged by the process liquid, the pressure measuring apparatus comprising: a process liquid pressure sensor in fluid communication with a process liquid conduit via a vertical tube; an interface level sensing device configured to determine a level of a liquid/gas interface within the vertical tube; a buffer gas delivery line in gas communication with the vertical tube; and a buffer gas pressure regulator configured to regulate a pressure and/or volume of the buffer gas in the buffer gas delivery line.

2. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 1, wherein the interface level sensing device is an ultrasonic level senor.

3. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a buffer gas isolation valve configured to isolate the buffer gas pressure regulator from the vertical tube.

4. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 3, wherein the buffer gas isolation valve is a normally closed valve.

5. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a controller in signal communication with the process liquid pressure sensor and the interface level sensing device.

6. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 5, wherein the controller is able to control the buffer gas pressure regulator.

7. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to control the buffer gas pressure regulator so as to adjust the liquid/gas interface in the vertical tube to a specified height.

8. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a buffer gas pressure sensor in gas communication with the buffer gas delivery line.

9. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a buffer gas temperature sensor in thermal communication with the buffer gas delivery line.

10. The pressure measuring apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a buffer gas heater configured to heat the buffer gas before or while the buffer gas is in the buffer gas delivery line.

11. A flow measuring apparatus configured to enable measurement of a flow of a corrosive and/or high temperature process liquid through a valve, the flow measuring apparatus comprising: a pressure measuring apparatus according to claim 1, the pressure measuring apparatus comprising a first process liquid pressure sensor in fluid communication via a first vertical tube with the process liquid conduit on an upstream side of the valve, and a second process liquid pressure sensor in fluid communication via a second vertical tube with the process liquid conduit on a downstream side of the valve, first and second interface level sensing devices being associated respectively with the first and second vertical tubes; a process liquid temperature sensor configured to sense a temperature of the process liquid; and a controller in signal communication with the first and second process liquid pressure sensors and with the temperature sensor, the controller being configured to determine the flow rate of the process liquid through the valve according to a temperature of the process measured by the process liquid temperature sensor, and inlet and outlet pressures of the process liquid measured respectively by the first and second process liquid pressure sensors.

12. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 11, wherein the process liquid temperature sensor is configured to measure a temperature of the process liquid within the valve

13. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 11, wherein the pressure measuring apparatus comprises a first buffer gas isolation valve configured to isolate the buffer gas pressure regulator from the first vertical tube, and a second buffer gas isolation valve configured to isolate the buffer gas pressure regulator from the second vertical tube.

14. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 11, further comprising first and second buffer gas temperature sensors configured respectively to measure first and second temperatures of the buffer gas in the buffer gas delivery line at locations proximate the first and second vertical tubes, respectively.

15. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 11, further comprising first and second buffer gas pressure sensors configured to measure pressures of the buffer gas in the buffer gas delivery line at locations proximate the first and second process liquid pressure sensors, respectively.

16. A method of measuring a flow of a corrosive and/or high temperature process liquid through a valve, the method comprising: providing a flow measuring apparatus according to claim 11; injecting buffer gas into the first and second vertical tubes; causing the process liquid to flow through the process liquid conduit and through the valve; adjusting at least one buffer gas pressure regulator so as to adjust first and second liquid/gas interface levels respectively within the first and second vertical tubes; determining by the controller of the flow rate of the process liquid through the valve according to pressure and temperature measurements received by the controller from the first and second process liquid pressure sensors and the process liquid temperature sensor; and providing the determined process liquid flow rate to a user.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the method further includes, after the adjusting of the first and second liquid/gas interface levels, isolating the first and second vertical tubes from the buffer gas pressure regulators.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein at least one of the buffer gas pressure regulators remains in gas communication with at least one of the vertical tubes during the step of determining the flow rate of the process liquid.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the flow measuring apparatus includes only one buffer gas pressure regulator, and wherein the first and second liquid/gas interface levels are adjusted simultaneously by the buffer gas pressure regulator.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein the flow measuring apparatus includes only one buffer gas pressure regulator, and wherein adjusting the first and second liquid/gas interface levels includes isolating the second vertical tube from the process liquid pressure regulator while adjusting the liquid/gas interface level in the first vertical tube, and isolating the first vertical tube from the process liquid pressure regulator while adjusting the liquid/gas interface level in the second vertical tube.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a gas-buffered pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram that illustrates a method embodiment of the invention; and

[0030] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention that is configured to measure the flow rate of a process liquid through a valve.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is an apparatus and method for measuring the pressure, and in embodiments also the flow rate, of a high temperature and/or corrosive process liquid.

[0032] With reference to FIG. 1, the apparatus of the present invention includes at least one process liquid pressure sensor 100 that is connected by a vertical tube 102 to a process liquid conduit 104 configured to convey a process liquid therethrough. The apparatus further comprises a buffer gas control system that includes a buffer gas delivery line 106 in gas communication with the vertical tube 102, a buffer gas pressure regulator 108, and a liquid/gas transition level sensor 110, such as an ultrasonic sensor, that is able to monitor a height 122 within the vertical tube 102 of the interface 112 between the process liquid and the buffer gas. In embodiments, the buffer gas is nitrogen gas.

[0033] In embodiments, the buffer gas control system further includes a buffer gas pressure sensor 114, a buffer gas temperature sensor 116, a buffer gas heater 118, and/or a controller (not shown) that is able to monitor the height 122 of the liquid/gas interface 112 and/or the buffer gas pressure in the vertical tube 102 as measured by the process liquid pressure sensor 100. In embodiments, the controller is further able to control the buffer gas pressure regulator, and is thereby able to regulate the pressure and/or volume of the buffer gas in the buffer gas delivery line 106, so as to adjust and regulate the height 122 of the liquid/gas interface 112 within the vertical tube. In some of these embodiments, the height 122 of the liquid gas interface 112 is regulated only during a startup phase, after which the buffer gas regulator 108 is isolated from the vertical tube 102. In other embodiments, regulation of the height 122 of the liquid/gas interface 112 continues during an operational phase that follows the startup phase.

[0034] With reference to FIG. 2, according to the method of the present invention, during a startup phase 210 the buffer gas delivery line is placed in gas communication with the vertical tube 102, and buffer gas is introduced 200 into the vertical tube 102.

[0035] If not already present, the process liquid is then introduced 202 into the process liquid conduit 106. The pressure and/or volume of the buffer gas is adjusted 204 using the buffer gas regulator 108 until the interface 112 between the buffer gas and the process liquid within the vertical tube 102 is established at a desired liquid/gas interface height 122, as measured by the ultrasonic sensor 110 or other liquid/gas interface measuring device. In embodiments, the buffer gas is introduced into the vertical tube during the startup phase before the process liquid begins to flow through the process liquid conduit, and the pressure and/or volume of the buffer gas is initially set to be equal to or higher than the expected pressure of the process liquid. This ensures that once the process liquid begins to flow through the process liquid conduit, it is maintained at all times at a safe distance ‘from the pressure valve, including during the startup phase 210.

[0036] In the embodiment of FIG. 2, once the startup phase 210 has been completed, a “normally closed” valve 120 (labeled “N.C.” in the drawing) that is provided in the buffer gas delivery line 106 is closed 206, thereby isolating the source of the buffer gas from the vertical tube 102, so that the pressure of the buffer gas in the vertical tube 102 thereafter remains equal to the pressure of the process liquid 208, even if the pressure of the process liquid fluctuates. In other embodiments, the buffer gas pressure regulator 108 remains in gas communication with the vertical tube 102 even after the end of the startup phase 210, so as to maintain the liquid/gas interface 112 at the desired height 122. So long as the interface height 122 is held constant, the buffer gas pressure within the vertical tube 102 will equal the pressure of the process liquid. The pressure sensor is thereby able to measure and monitor 208 the pressure of the process liquid by monitoring the pressure of the buffer gas in the vertical tube, while remaining thermally and chemically protected from the process liquid by the buffer gas in the vertical tube 102.

[0037] In embodiments, the startup phase 210 further includes heating the buffer gas 200 to a temperature that approximates the temperature of the process liquid, so as to ensure that the buffer gas within the vertical tube 102 quickly reaches temperature equilibrium with the process liquid, as well as pressure equilibrium.

[0038] With reference to FIG. 3, in embodiments of the present invention the apparatus is configured to measure the flow rate of the process liquid through a valve 300. According to these embodiments, gas-buffered pressure sensors 100 are attached via vertical tubes 102 to the process liquid conduit 104 both upstream and downstream of the valve 300. In additional, a process liquid temperature sensor 302 is provided that is able to monitor the temperature of the process liquid. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the process liquid temperature sensor is installed on the valve 300 itself, and is configured to measure the temperature of the process liquid as it passes through the valve 300.

[0039] Buffer gas delivery lines 106 are connected to the vertical tubes 102 of both of the pressure sensors 100. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, a single buffer gas delivery line 106 is connected to both of the vertical tubes, and a single buffer gas pressure regulator 108 is used to adjust the buffer gas pressures and/or volumes in both of the vertical tubes 102, and to thereby establish the liquid/gas interfaces 112 at desired heights 122 in the vertical tubes 102. The heights 122 of the liquid/gas interfaces 112 in the vertical tubes 102 can be adjusted simultaneously, or the normally closed isolation valves 120 can be used to isolate the buffer gas delivery line 106 in turn from one and then the other of the vertical tubes 102, so that the heights 122 of the liquid/gas interfaces 112 can be separately adjusted and optimized. In still other embodiments, separate buffer gas pressure regulators (not shown) are used to control the liquid/gas interface heights in each of the vertical tubes 102.

[0040] Once the startup phase 210 has been completed and process liquid is flowing through the valve 300, measurements reported by the two gas-buffered pressure sensors 100 and the process liquid temperature sensor 302 can then be used to calculate the flow rate of the process liquid through the valve 300, so that it can be presented to a user. In embodiments, the calculations are automatically performed by the controller or by another computing device, such that the flow rate is reported to the user in substantially real time.

[0041] The foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. Each and every page of this submission, and all contents thereon, however characterized, identified, or numbered, is considered a substantive part of this application for all purposes, irrespective of form or placement within the application. This specification is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of this disclosure.

[0042] Although the present application is shown in a limited number of forms, the scope of the invention is not limited to just these forms, but is amenable to various changes and modifications. The disclosure presented herein does not explicitly disclose all possible combinations of features that fall within the scope of the invention. The features disclosed herein for the various embodiments can generally be interchanged and combined into any combinations that are not self-contradictory without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the limitations presented in dependent claims below can be combined with their corresponding independent claims in any number and in any order without departing from the scope of this disclosure, unless the dependent claims are logically incompatible with each other.