Abstract
An aerosol-forming substrate is provided, including: a) one or both of cellulose and cellulose derivatives; b) an aerosol-former present in an amount of 20 weight percent to 58 percent on a dry weight basis based on a total amount of the aerosol-forming substrate; c) from 0 weight percent to 5 weight percent of tobacco on a dry weight basis based on the total amount of the aerosol-forming substrate; d) a nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compound; and e) a disaccharide. An aerosol-generating article including a substrate portion containing the aerosol-forming substrate is also provided. An aerosol-generating system is also provided.
Claims
1.-15. (canceled)
16. An aerosol-forming substrate, comprising: a) one or both of cellulose and cellulose derivatives; b) an aerosol-former present in an amount of 20 weight percent to 58 percent on a dry weight basis based on a total amount of the aerosol-forming substrate; c) from 0 weight percent to 5 weight percent of tobacco on a dry weight basis based on the total amount of the aerosol-forming substrate; d) a nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compound; and e) a disaccharide.
17. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the weight percent of the tobacco is from 0 weight percent to 0.5 weight percent.
18. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compound is one or both of an organic and inorganic compound, selected from a group consisting of: an organic compound with an amino or amide group, a nitrogen-containing saccharide and polysaccharide, or a nitrogen-containing plastic, an inorganic ammonium compound, or combinations thereof.
19. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compound is selected from at least one of: an amino acid being selected from a group consisting of: lysine, glycine, cysteine, arginine, homocysteine, or a combination thereof, a tripeptide, including glutathione, urea or a urea derivative or a combination thereof, a nitrogen-containing saccharide and polysaccharide selected from a group consisting of: glucosamine, galactosamine, chitosan, or a combination thereof, an inorganic ammonium compound selected from ammonium phosphate and ammonium metal phosphates, and a nitrogen-containing plastic selected from polyethylene-imine, poly styrene-acrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene, or a combination thereof.
20. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, further comprising a disaccharide selected from sucrose, lactose, maltose, or a combination thereof.
21. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the aerosol-forming substrate is substantially free of tobacco.
22. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the one or both of cellulose and cellulose derivatives is selected from cellulose, cellulose ester or cellulose ethers, or a combination thereof.
23. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 22, wherein the one or both of cellulose and cellulose derivatives is cellulose acetate or carboxymethyl-cellulose.
24. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the aerosol-former is selected from polyhydric alcohols, esters of polyhydric alcohols, aliphatic esters of mono-, di-, or polycarboxylic acids, or a combination thereof.
25. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, further comprising: f) nicotine.
26. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the aerosol-forming substrate is formed as a sheet.
27. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the aerosol-forming substrate is formed as a casted sheet.
28. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein one or both of cellulose and cellulose derivatives of component a) are present in an amount of 15 weight percent to 85 weight percent on a dry weight basis based on the total amount of the aerosol-forming substrate.
29. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein one or both of cellulose and cellulose derivatives of component a) are present in an amount of 25 weight percent to 70 weight percent on a dry weight basis based on the total amount of the aerosol-forming substrate.
30. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the aerosol-former is present in an amount of 25 weight percent to 45 weight percent on a dry weight basis based on the total amount of the aerosol-forming substrate.
31. The aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, containing from 0.2 weight percent to 5 weight percent of the nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compound on a dry weight basis based on the total amount of the aerosol-forming substrate.
32. An aerosol-generating article, comprising: a substrate portion containing an aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the substrate portion in the aerosol-generating article is in a form of a rod.
33. An aerosol-generating system, comprising: an aerosol-generating article comprising a substrate portion containing an aerosol-forming substrate according to claim 16, wherein the substrate portion in the aerosol-generating article is in a form of a rod; and an aerosol-generating device comprising a heating element and a heating chamber configured to receive the aerosol-generating article, the heating element being configured to heat the aerosol-generating article to a temperature ranging from 220 degrees Celsius to 400 degrees Celsius.
34. The aerosol-generating system according to claim 33, wherein the heating element is further configured to heat the aerosol-generating article to a temperature ranging from 250 degrees Celsius to 290 degrees Celsius.
35. A method of operating an aerosol-generating system according to claim 33, the method comprising the following steps: inserting the aerosol-generating article into the heating chamber; and heating the aerosol-generating article via the heating element, thereby generating an aerosol and an aldehyde, wherein the aldehyde reacts with the nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compound, resulting in an aldehyde reduced aerosol.
Description
[0093] The invention will be further described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[0094] FIG. 1 shows a column chart of the formaldehyde contents of different aerosol-generating articles containing tobacco as well as non-tobacco aerosol-forming substrates;
[0095] FIG. 2 depicts a column chart of the formaldehyde content of different aerosol-generating articles including different concentrations of urea;
[0096] FIG. 3 shows a column chart of the formaldehyde content of different aerosol-generating articles including tobacco or other non-tobacco aerosol-forming substrate with sucrose and lysine;
[0097] FIG. 4 shows the release of the aerosol-former glycerine during the course of 12 puffs taken by a user depending on the amount of the disaccharide sucrose in the aerosol-forming substrate;
[0098] FIG. 5 depicts a schematic of an aerosol-generating system comprising an aerosol-generating device and an aerosol-generating article.
[0099] FIG. 1 depicts a column chart wherein the amount of formaldehyde detected in an aerosol generated from various aerosol-generating articles having a heating element at a temperature of 350 degrees Celsius. The substrate portion containing the aerosol-forming substrate of the aerosol-generating article was heated by an internal blade. In general, formaldehyde in smoke can be detected by trapping the aerosol in a DNPH derivatization solution (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine) using a smoking machine. Pyridine is added to quench the derivatization reaction, maximum 15 minutes after the end of the aerosol collection. A solution containing an internal standard is added to the stabilized aerosol extracts before being analyzed using ultra performance liquid chromatography with MS-MS detection with an ESI (Electrospray ionization) source in a negative mode. In this figure and also in the FIGS. 2 and 3 the vertical axis denotes the amount of formaldehyde detected in micrograms/aerosol generating article. The column denoted with 10 shows that 3.7 micrograms formaldehyde were detected in the aerosol of an aerosol-generating article including 75 weight percent of a tobacco blend, 18 weight percent of glycerine as aerosol-former with the remainder being binder. In contrast to the tobacco containing aerosol-generating article, 15.4 micrograms of formaldehyde could be detected in the aerosol of an aerosol generating article including 45 weight percent cellulose, 30 weight percent inositol, 20 weight percent glycerine and the remainder being binder (column denoted with 12). The inositol serves as a plasticizer. The data show that up to 4-times more formaldehyde is released from non-tobacco-containing aerosol-forming substrates in comparison to substrates containing tobacco. The columns denoted with 14 and 16 show that no formaldehyde could be detected in the aerosol of aerosol-generating articles including 45 weight percent cellulose, 26.25 weight percent inositol, 20 weight percent glycerine and either 3.75 weight percent urea (column denoted with 14) or 3.75 weight percent lysine (column denoted with 16). Thus, both urea and lysine can act as nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compounds reacting with formaldehyde, thereby eliminating formaldehyde from the aerosol.
[0100] FIG. 2 depicts a column chart of the formaldehyde detected in the aerosol generated from various aerosol-generating articles having a heating element at a temperature of 350 degrees Celsius. The column denoted with 18 shows that 3.5 micrograms of formaldehyde could be detected in the aerosol formed from an aerosol generating article including 75 weight percent of a tobacco blend, 18 weight percent glycerine and the remainder being binder. 2.11 micrograms formaldehyde was found in the aerosol of an aerosol generating article containing 56 weight percent cellulose, 5 weight percent carboxy methyl cellulose, 1 weight percent urea, 3 weight percent cellulose fibers and 35 weight percent glycerine (column denoted with 20). Thus, the amount of formaldehyde in the aerosol could be reduced by 39 percent when including 1 weight percent urea as a formaldehyde-scavenger. No formaldehyde could be detected in the aerosol of the aerosol generating article containing 49 weight percent cellulose, 8 weight percent carboxy methyl cellulose, 5 weight percent urea, 3 weight percent cellulose fibers and 35 weight percent glycerine (column denoted with 22).
[0101] FIG. 3 shows a column chart of the formaldehyde detected in the aerosol of various aerosol generating articles with different compositions. 3.31 micrograms formaldehyde could be detected in an aerosol generating article at 350 degrees Celsius of the heating element including 75 weight percent of a tobacco blend including the other components as mentioned above for FIG. 2 (column denoted with 24). An aerosol generating article containing 58 weight percent cellulose, 35 weight percent glycerine, 4 weight percent carboxy methyl cellulose and 3 weight percent cellulose fibers generates 1.68 micrograms formaldehyde (column denoted with 26). In contrast to that, more formaldehyde, 2.61 micrograms is detected in the aerosol of an aerosol generating article in which 10 weight percent cellulose have been replaced by 10 weight percent sucrose (column denoted with 28). This suggests that the presence of the disaccharide, sucrose, increases the amount of formaldehyde. The release of formaldehyde associated with the disaccharide can reliably be reduced or suppressed by including the nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compounds of the present invention in the aerosol-forming substrates. The column denoted with 30 shows, that no formaldehyde could be detected in the aerosol of an aerosol generating article including 56 weight percent cellulose, 35 weight percent glycerin, 2 weight percent lysine as a nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compound, 4 weight percent carboxy methyl cellulose and 3 weight percent cellulose fibers.
[0102] Similar results, which are not shown in the Figures were achieved, when aerosol-generating articles with an aerosol forming substrate weighing 0.5 grams and comprising 42 weight percent cellulose, 28 weight percent sorbitol, 20 weight percent glycerin, and either 5 weight percent the ammonium phosphate, 5 weight percent chitosane, 5 weight percent lysine, 5 weight percent urea or 5 weight percent polyethylene imine with the remainder being cellulose fibers and guar gum were heated to 350 degrees Celsius for 6 minutes. In all these cases no formaldehyde could be detected with TG-GC-MS analysis.
[0103] FIG. 4 shows a graph, wherein the vertical axis depicts the amount of glycerin per puff (micrograms/puff) detected by FT-IR and the horizontal axis denotes the number of puffs. The graph depicts the amount of glycerol detected in the aerosol during the course of 12 consecutive puffs at a temperature of 250 degrees Celsius of the heating element. The graph denoted with 32 shows the amount of glycerine released from a tobacco containing aerosol generating article with 75 weight percent tobacco, 18 weight percent glycerine and the remainder being binder for comparison. The graph denoted with 34 shows the release of glycerine from an aerosol generating article containing 58 weight percent cellulose, 35 weight percent glycerine, 4 weight percent carboxy methyl cellulose, and 3 weight percent cellulose fibers. The further graphs show the release of glycerine from aerosol generating articles, wherein either 10 weight percent cellulose has been replaced by 10 weight percent sucrose (graph denoted with 36) or wherein 20 weight percent cellulose has been replaced by 20 weight percent sucrose (graph denoted with 38). It can clearly be seen that the addition of sucrose results in a delay of the release of glycerine, so that more glycerine is released at a later stage beginning with puff number 7 or 8.
[0104] FIG. 5 depicts a schematic of an aerosol-generating system comprising an aerosol-generating device 46 and an aerosol-generating article 40. The aerosol-generating article 40 includes a substrate portion 42 and a connect portion 44. The substrate portion 42 includes the aerosol-forming substrate of the present invention and is located upstream in the direction of the aerosol-generating article. The downstream connect portion 44 may comprise a tubular hollow portion, such as a hollow acetate tube. The aerosol-generating article 40 can be inserted into the heating chamber 48 of the aerosol-generating device 46 in such a way, that the substrate portion 42 is neighbouring the heating element 50 of the heating chamber. Additional elements are present in the aerosol-generating device 46, for example circuitry 52, such as a microprocessor and a power supply 54, for example a battery. The power supply and the circuitry as well as the heating elements can be electrically connected via electrical connections 56. During use of the aerosol-generating device user may draw on the downstream end of the aerosol-generating article 40, which might be the connect portion 44 or an additional mouthpiece or filter, not shown in FIG. 5 for inhaling the aerosol formed during the heating of the substrate portion 42. The aerosol may comprise a reduced concentration of aldehyde due to the presence of the nitrogen-containing nucleophilic compound in the aerosol-forming substrate of the substrate portion 42.
