FIREPROOF CERAMIC BOTTOM

Abstract

An exemplary embodiment relates to a fireproof ceramic bottom in the connection region to at least one wall of a vessel for handling high-temperature melts.

Claims

1. Fireproof ceramic base in connection area to at least one wall (52) of a vessel (50) for the treatment of a high temperature melt, with the following characteristics: a) the fireproof ceramic base features at least two layers (10, 20), namely b) a lower layer made of a fireproof ceramic permanent lining (10), wherein the permanent lining (10) is a premade element which has been made out of at least one monolithic fireproof mass, such that the permanent lining (10) mainly consists of at least one monolithic fireproof mass, and c) an upper layer made of a fireproof ceramic wear lining (20), wherein d) the permanent lining (10) features a surface (100) which is adjacent to the wear lining (20), which is sloped by at least 2 to 25 compared to the horizontal, e) this surface (100) features a three dimensional design including at least one step (13), and f) the wear lining (20) consists of at least 60 M % of fireproof ceramic solid bricks (21), wherein at least 60% of the solid bricks of the wear lining (20) are identical, wherein at least 70 M % of said solid bricks feature a rectangular or polygonal profile in a top view, and wherein at, least 75% of the solid bricks (21) of the wear lining (20) being laid in a single layer, g) the permanent lining (10) and the wear lining (20) feature at least one inconsistency for integration of at least one common discharge opening (30) for the high temperature melt.

2. Base according to claim 1 with at least one separate element (14, 30) which is built into the permanent lining (10) and the wear lining (20).

3. Base according to claim 2, wherein pendentives (23) between the solid bricks (21) between the solid bricks (21) and a wall (52) of the vessel (50) between the solid bricks (21) and the permanent lining (10) between solid bricks (21) and a separate element (14, 30) in the base are at least partially filled with a fireproof ceramic mass.

4. Base according to claim 1, wherein the solid bricks (21) of the wear lining (20) are at least partially laid as pre-assembled segments consisting of multiple solid bricks.

5. Base according to claim 1, whose wear lining (20) consists of at least 80 M % solid bricks (21), which have their largest extension in a vertical direction.

6. Base according to claim 1, wherein the solid bricks (21) of the wear lining (20) consist of at least one material, wherein the material is Magnesia, Alumina, Magnesia-Carbon, Doloma, or Magnesia-Chromite.

7. Base according to claim 1, wherein pendentives (23) between the solid bricks (21) between the solid bricks (21) and a wall (52) of the vessel (50) between the solid bricks (21) and the permanent lining (10) between solid bricks (21) and a separate element (14, 30) in the base are at least partially filled with a fireproof ceramic mass.

Description

[0070] The invention is described further in the following with help of different embodiments. It is shown, each in a strongly schematic display, in:

[0071] FIG. 1: a perspective view of a base of a ladle according to the invention in an explosive view (FIG. 1a, b) and after assembly (FIG. 1c)

[0072] FIG. 2: a partial cross section through a first segment of the base

[0073] FIG. 3: a partial cross section through a second segment of the base

[0074] FIG. 4: a partial cross section through a third segment of the base

[0075] FIG. 5: a partial cross section through a fourth segment of the base

[0076] FIG. 6: a cross section through the ladle with the base analogue to FIG. 1

[0077] In the figures, identical or similarly appearing elements are displayed with the same reference numbers. An arrangement is described, where the ladle is aligned exactly vertically.

[0078] FIG. 1 shows a base with two layers, namely a lower layer 10 and an upper layer 20 which is arranged on top. Both are approximately circular in the top (plan) view.

[0079] The lower layer 10 is designed as a permanent lining and is made of a fireproof ceramic mass on an alumina basis. The permanent lining 10 is designed completely as a prefabricated element and features a horizontal lower surface 10u and a three dimensionally designed upper surface 10o. The surface 10o features the following areas: [0080] a first step 13 approximately in the centre [0081] a raised impact pad 14 in the left upper third [0082] all areas of the surface 100 are sloped by approximately 3 to the horizontalwith a slope in direction towards a discharge area 30.

[0083] The upper layer 20, so the wear layer, consists mainly (to >80 M.-%) of cuboid fireproof bricks 21 of same size in a consistent layout, except in the area of the discharge 30.

[0084] Hence the geometry of the lower side 20u and the upper side 20o of the wear layer 20 generally follows the geometric conditions of the upper side 10o of the permanent lining 10.

[0085] Differences are only created by the fact, that the bricks 21 (solid bricks) are slightly offset in the area of the step 13 (slope: approximately 90), as shown in FIG. 2. The thereby created space 23 between the upper side 10o of the permanent lining and the lower side 20u of the brick 21.1 is filled up with a fireproof mass on an alumina basis.

[0086] This is analogously valid for steps in areas with a slope of for example 25 (FIG. 3) or the positioning of the solid bricks 21 at consecutive sloped surfaces with different slopes (FIG. 4).

[0087] FIG. 5 shows an embodiment, wherein the planar sloped surfaces of FIGS. 3, 4 are replaced by a step-like contour, which howevertechnicallyaltogether create a slope similar to the one in FIG. 3. Insofar, the term sloped surface technically also includes embodiments with corresponding consecutive small steps 13 (FIG. 5).

[0088] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, there are also pendentives Z between the bricks 21 and a neighbouring curved vessel wall 52 of a ladle 50. These areas are also filled with a monolithic fireproof mass.

[0089] At a base according to the invention, only the wear lining 20 is replaced. In order to do so, the bricks 21 and possible further elements of the wear lining 20 are dismantled. The permanent lining 10 remains unchanged. The new wear lining 20 is therefore built back onto the existing geometry of the permanent lining 10 so that the upper side 200 of the wear lining 20 corresponds to the surface geometry of the permanent lining 10 again.

[0090] Thereby, a simple, fast and cheap repair option is provided, wherein the three dimensional design is determined automatically by the unchanged permanent (durable) lining 10.