METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A DISPENSING DEVICE FOR EYE DROPS

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for the production of a device (1) for dispensing eye drops. The process comprises the steps of: providing a first container (2) and a second container (3) configured to be engaged in a fluid-tight manner, providing a spacer (4), introducing a water-based solution (200) inside the first container (2), introducing a solution or dispersion comprising a drug inside the second container (3), arranging the spacer (4) between the first and second containers (2, 3), engaging in a fluid-tight manner the second container (3) and the first container (2); and freeze-drying the solution or dispersion comprising the drug.

Claims

1. Process for production of a device for dispensing eye drops, comprising steps of: providing a first container comprising a tubular element with an open end portion; providing a second container comprising a wall engageable in a fluid-tight manner around the tubular element; providing a spacer having oppositely arranged bases which are substantially parallel; introducing water or a water-based solution for injection inside the first container; introducing a solution or a dispersion comprising a drug of one or more of a chemical and biotechnological nature inside the second container; arranging the spacer between the first and second containers so that the bases are in contact with the first and second containers; engaging in a fluid-tight manner the wall of the second container around the tubular element of the first container; and freeze-drying the solution or the dispersion comprising the drug; wherein the step of freeze-drying the solution or the dispersion comprising the drug is performed following assembly of the first and second containers with the spacer and comprises subjecting and assembly of the first container and the second container and the spacer to a freeze-drying atmosphere.

2. The process according to claim 1, further comprising steps of providing a dispensing member and engaging the dispensing member with the second container.

3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the drug of the one or more chemical and biotechnological nature comprises a nerve growth factor (NGF).

4. (canceled)

5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the second container comprises a collar with an opening and a base portion defining a seat, the seat being delimited at one end by a piercible barrier and being delimited laterally by said wall of the second container, the assembly step comprising engaging the tubular element of the first container in a fluid-tight manner inside the seat, the step of subjecting the assembly to the freeze-drying atmosphere being performed so as to cause a water content of the solution or the dispersion comprising the drug to flow out from the opening of the collar obtaining a freeze-dried composition comprising the drug and so as to freeze the water or the water-based solution for injection, the water or the water-based solution for injection freezing without coming out of the seat so that, following removal of the assembly from the freeze-drying atmosphere, the water or the water-based solution for injection becomes liquid again.

6. (canceled)

7. The process according to claim 1, comprising at least one step for sterilization of one or more of at least one of the first and second containers, the spacer, and of the dispensing member, the sterilization being of a type using gamma rays or of a type using ethylene oxide or of a type performed using steam in an autoclave.

8. The process according to claim 7, wherein said at least one sterilization step is performed between assembly of the first and second containers with the spacer and the step for freeze-drying the solution or the dispersion comprising the drug.

9. The process according to claim 7, wherein said at least one sterilization step is performed before introducing the water or the water-based solution for injection and introducing the solution or the dispersion comprising the drug, respectively inside the first and second containers.

10. The process according to claim 2, wherein the step of engaging the dispensing member with the second container is performed in a sterile environment and is performed following the step of freeze-drying the solution or the dispersion comprising the drug.

11. The process according to claim 10, further comprising a step of packaging the eye-drop dispensing device in one or more of a sterile and hermetically sealed container, the packaging step being performed following the step of engaging the dispensing member with the second container and being performed in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere.

12. The process according to claim 1, wherein the second container comprises a piercible barrier and a base portion defining a seat delimited at one end by the piercible barrier and delimited laterally by the wall of the second container and being fluid tight, assembly of the first and second containers with the spacer further comprising step of engaging the tubular element of the first container inside the fluid-tight seat on said wall of the second container so that the open end portion of the tubular element is positioned facing the piercible barrier.

13. The process according to claim 1, wherein assembly of the first and second containers with the spacer further comprises steps of: engaging the spacer with the first container; and engaging the second container with assembly of the first container and the spacer; the first container comprising a base portion comprising a substantially flat support base and an opposite wall parallel to the support base and the tubular element projecting transversely from said opposite wall, the step of engaging the spacer with the first container comprising positioning the spacer around the tubular element and close to or in contact with said opposite wall; and the second container comprising a piercible barrier and a base portion defining a seat delimited at one end by the piercible barrier and delimited laterally by the wall of the second container, the step of engaging the second container with the assembly of the first container and the spacer comprising positioning the tubular element inside the seat in a fluid-tight manner on said wall of the second container.

14. The process according to claim 13, wherein the tubular element comprises means for mechanically connecting together the first container and the second container, and wherein the step of engaging the second container with the assembly of the first container and the spacer comprising engaging the second container with the first container by means of said mechanically connecting means.

15. The process according to claim 5, wherein the second container comprises a piercible barrier designed to separate substances intended to be contained inside the first container and the second container, the process comprising further a multidose eye drop solution preparing step comprising the steps of: removing the spacer; piercing the barrier by means of the said tubular element; mixing together the water or the water-based solution for injection and the freeze-dried composition comprising the drug following the freeze-drying step so as to obtain an eye solution.

16. The process according to claim 2, wherein the dispensing member is a dropper.

Description

[0113] By way of a non-limiting example, the detailed description of one or more preferred embodiments of the invention is now provided, wherein:

[0114] FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the drop dispensing device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0115] FIG. 2 shows a partial exploded view of the drop dispensing device of FIG. 1;

[0116] FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the drop dispensing device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, in the assembled condition;

[0117] FIGS. 4 and 5 show cross-sectional views of a drop dispensing device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, in different assembled conditions.

[0118] With reference to the figures, 1 denotes overall a device for dispensing drops. The drop dispensing device 1 comprises a first container 2, a second container 3, a spacer 4 and a dispensing member 5. Preferably the first container 2 is formed as one piece. The first container 2 comprises a base portion 6 containing water for injection (WFI) 200 or a water-based solution for injection. The base portion 6 has a support base 7 and an opposite wall 8, from which a tubular element 9 extends transversely. The tubular element 9 is formed as one piece with the base portion 6 and has an open end portion 10. The tubular element 9 also has mechanical connection means 11 designed to allow engagement of the first and second containers 2, 3. By way of example, the tubular element 9 may have a first, substantially smooth section intended to receive a spacer 4, and the mechanical connection means 11 may be defined along a second section of the tubular element 9. The mechanical connection means 11 may comprise at least one thread; alternatively, the connection means 11 may be of the snap-engaging or bayonet type. By way of example, the attached figures show a tubular element 9 provided with threaded connection means defined by peripheral projections extending along an outer surface of the tubular element 9. The open end portion 10 is intended to allow, in certain operating conditions of the drop dispensing device 1, the passage of water for injection 200 through it and therefore out of the first container 2.

[0119] The second container 3 contains a freeze-dried composition 300 comprising a drug, for example a nerve growth factor (NGF), and is configured to be engaged with the first container 2. Preferably, the second container 3 is formed as one piece. The second container 3 has a base portion 12 and a collar 13 provided with an opening 14 and defined on the opposite side to the base portion 12. A seat 15 delimited laterally by a wall 16 and at one end by a piercible barrier 17 extending transversely with respect to the wall 16 is defined on the base portion 12 of the second container 3. The seat 15 may have a substantially cylindrical form; alternatively, the seat 15 may have a substantially prism-like or truncated prism or frustoconical form. As shown in FIG. 3, in the assembled condition of the drop dispensing device 1, the tubular element 9 is housed at least partially inside the seat 15. The wall 16 is intended to be engaged in a fluid-tight manner with the mechanical connection means 11 of the tubular element 9; for this purpose, the wall 16 may be shaped to match the connection means 11 of the tubular element 9 or may have in turn connection means. The attached figures show a second container 3, the wall 16 of which is shaped to match the thread of the tubular element 9. In accordance with this embodiment, the first and second containers 2, 3 may be engaged or disengaged simply by screwing or unscrewing the second container 3 together with/from the first container 2. In order to ensure a fluid-tight connection between the first and second containers 2, 3, the first container 2 may be made of a material having a hardness greater than that of the material from which the second container 3 is made; for example, the first container 2 may be made of Teflon and the second container 3 may be made of polyethylene. By providing a harder material, or a coating, for the first container 2, the second container 3 may be deformed when the two containers are engaged together. In this way, when the tubular element 9 is inserted inside the seat 15 of the second container 3, the seat 15 itself is deformed so as to form a fluid-tight casing around the tubular element 9. As mentioned above, a collar 13 is defined on the opposite side to the base portion 12 of the second container 3 defining the seat 15, the dispensing member 5 being engaged with said collar in the assembled condition of the drop dispensing device 1 (see FIG. 3). The dispensing member 5 comprises a fluid dispensing opening 18 in fluid communication with the second container 3. As shown in the attached figures, the dispensing member 5 may consist for example of a dropper. The collar 13 and the dispensing member 5 may have mechanical connection means 19; the attached figures show, for example, a collar 13 provided with threaded connection means 19 and a dispensing member 5 internally shaped to match the threading of the collar 13 (see FIGS. 3 to 5). Alternatively, the connection means 19 may be of the snap-engaging or bayonet type.

[0120] The dispensing member 5 is configured to allow dispensing of a multidose eye solution prepared from water for injection 200 and freeze-dried composition 300 comprising the drug, as will be described in greater detail below. In particular, the dispensing member 5 (shown only schematically in FIGS. 3 to 5) is configured to dispense drops of eye solution while maintaining a sterile environment inside the second container 3. Owing to this particular characteristic of the dispensing member 5 it is possible to design the dispensing device 1 so that the eye solution prepared with it may be multidose. In other words, from the moment the solution is prepared inside the dispensing device 1, the solution may be used for a prolonged period, up to 90 days after opening, and this usually allows a therapy cycle to be completed using a single dispensing device 1. A dispensing member 5 able to preserve the sterility of the container is for example commercially distributed under the trade name Novelia, by Nemera La Verpillire, France.

[0121] The spacer 4 has moreover opposite and parallel bases 20 which, in the configuration where the spacer 4 is engaged with the first and second containers 2, 3, make contact with the first and second containers 2, 3 (see FIG. 3). Therefore, in the assembled condition of the drop dispensing device 1, the spacer 4 is engaged between the first and second containers 2, 3. The contact between the bases 20 of the spacer 4 and, respectively, the first and second containers 2, 3 prevents the latter from being able to be inadvertently moved closer together. By way of example, the spacer 4 may consist of an O-ring or resilient ring. The spacer 4 has a substantially annular form and comprises a gap 22 which allows the lateral extraction of the spacer even when the wall 16 of the second container 3 is engaged in a fluid-tight manner around the tubular element 9 of the first container 2. In this way the spacer 4 may be removed without disassembling the device 1, safeguarding therefore the sterility of the device itself 1 and its contents. Preferably the spacer 4 has a main body having substantially the same radial size compared to the first and second containers 2, 3. Providing the first container 2, second container 3 and spacer 4 with the same radial size is particularly advantageous since it increases the compactness of the eye-drop dispensing device 1. Optionally, the spacer 4 comprises a lug 21 designed to allow easy movement thereof (see FIGS. 1-3). As shown in FIG. 3, the spacer 4 is able to prevent, in the assembled condition of the drop dispensing device 1, the tubular element 9 from coming into contact with the piercible barrier 17. The piercible barrier 17 operates between a closed condition (barrier not perforated, see FIG. 3), in which it prevents mixing of water for injection and freeze-dried composition 300 comprising the drug, and an open condition (barrier pierced or open, see FIG. 5), in which it allows mixing of water for injection 200 and freeze-dried composition 300 comprising the drug. In the assembled condition of the drop dispensing device shown in FIG. 3, the piercible barrier 17 is in a closed condition in which it delimits at the top the seat 15 defined by the second container 3 and prevents mixing together of the substances contained respectively inside the first and second containers 2, 3. Following removal of the spacer 4 and a movement of the first container 2 against the second container 3 (or vice versa), the tubular element 9 comes into contact with the piercible barrier 17, piercing it or causing opening thereof (see FIG. 5). FIG. 4 instead show a configuration of the drop dispensing device 1 in between the configuration shown in FIG. 3 and that shown in FIG. 5, where the spacer 4 has been removed from the drop dispensing device 1, but the tubular element 9 does not act on the piercible barrier 17. After piercing the barrier 17, the two substances contained inside the first and second containers 2, 3 may be mixed together by simply shaking the drop dispensing device 1. Mixing together of the two substances allows the preparation of a multidose eye solution. The multidose eye solution may therefore be dosed and dispensed by means of the dispensing member 5.

[0122] The present invention relates moreover to a process for the production of a device 1 for dispensing eye drops, in accordance with Claim 1.

[0123] In accordance with a first embodiment of the process, water for injection 200 or a water-based solution for injection is introduced inside the first container 2. Then, the spacer 4 is engaged with the first container 2 around the tubular element 9; in this connection, see the first container/spacer assembly shown in FIG. 2. At this point, the second container 3 is engaged with the first container/spacer assembly; this engagement ensures a fluid-tight seal between the first container 2 and the second container 3 and prevents therefore the substance contained inside the first container 2 from coming out of the seat 15 inside which tubular element 9 is engaged in a fluid-tight manner. In particular, the fluid is prevented from coming out of the first container 2 by the provision of the piercible barrier 17 which closes the seat 15 at the top and by the fluid-tight engagement between tubular element 9 and wall 16 laterally delimiting the seat 15.

[0124] Following engagement of the second container 3 with the first container/spacer assembly, sterilization of the first container/second container/spacer assembly is performed. Sterilization may be of the type using gamma rays or ethylene oxide or may be of the type performed using steam in an autoclave. Thereafter a solution or dispersion comprising a drug is introduced inside the second container 3. The drug may be of a chemical and/or biotechnological nature, for example may comprise the nerve growth factor. At this point of the process, the first container 2 contains water for injection 200 and is engaged in a fluid-tight manner with the second container 3, and the second container 3 contains the solution or dispersion comprising the drug; the second container 3 is open in the region of the collar 13.

[0125] The first container/second container/spacer assembly is then subjected to a freeze-drying atmosphere; for this purpose it may be inserted inside a freeze-drying chamber. The freeze-drying atmosphere may for example have a temperature of between 90 C. and 20 C., preferably between 50 C. and 30 C. for primary drying and a temperature of between 15 C. and +35 C., preferably of between 5 C. and +15 C. for secondary drying; the vacuum pressure during the process may have a value of between 20 and 300 bar (microbar). The freeze-drying atmosphere allows freeze-drying of the solution or dispersion comprising the drug and allows therefore a freeze-dried composition 300 comprising the drug to be obtained. The freeze-drying operation removes the water content of the solution or dispersion comprising the drug; this water content flows out from the second container 3 through the opening 14 of the collar 13. Since the first container 2 is engaged in a fluid-tight manner with the second container 3, the freeze-drying atmosphere instead does not allow freeze-drying of the water for injection 200 contained in the first container 2; the water for injection 200 freezes inside the first container 2, without however being able to flow out of it or the seat 15 inside which the tubular element 9 is engaged. Since it is confined inside the first container, the water for injection 200 returns to the liquid state following removal of the freeze-drying atmosphere.

[0126] At this point, a dispensing member 5 is engaged with the collar 13 of the second container 3 so as to obtain a device 1 for dispensing eye drops, the dispensing member 5 may be engaged with the collar 13 by simply screwing it together therewith. Engagement of the dispensing member 5 may be performed in a sterile environment. The device 1 for dispensing eye drops thus obtained is shown in FIG. 3.

[0127] The process then involves a step for packaging the eye-drop dispensing device 1; the packaging step is preferably performed in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere. The packaging step may involve placing the eye-drop dispensing device 1 inside a further sterile or hermetically sealed container.

[0128] In accordance with a second embodiment of the process, the first container 2 and the second container 3 are sterilized first of all. This step may also involve the sterilization of the dispensing member 5 and the spacer 4. The sterilization may be of the type using gamma rays or ethylene oxide or may be of the type using steam performed in an autoclave. In accordance with the second embodiment of the process, one or more of the steps following sterilization, which will be described below, may be performed in a sterile environment. Following sterilization, water for injection 200 is introduced inside the first container 2. A spacer 4 is then engaged with the first container 2 around the tubular element 9. A solution or dispersion comprising the drug is introduced inside the second container 3; during this step, the second container 3 is not assembled with the first container 2. The second container 3 is then subjected to a freeze-drying atmosphere which has the same temperature and pressure values described above; in this way freeze-drying of the solution or dispersion comprising the drug contained inside the second container 3 occurs. In accordance with the second embodiment, the first container 2 is not subjected to the freeze-drying atmosphere. At the end of the freeze-drying process, the second container 3 therefore contains a freeze-dried composition 300 comprising the drug. Following freeze-drying, the dispensing member 5 is engaged with the collar 13 of the second container 3; the engagement of the dispensing member 5 may be performed in a sterile environment. In order to perform assembly of the drop dispensing device 1, the second container/dispensing member assembly is engaged with the first container/spacer assembly. This assembly operation may be performed so that the first container 2 is connected in a fluid-tight manner with the second container 3 (as described above) in order to prevent leakage of fluid between said containers. The device 1 for dispensing eye drops thus obtained is shown in FIG. 3.

[0129] The process then envisages a step for packaging the eye-drop dispensing device 1; the packaging step is preferably performed in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere. The packaging step may involve placing the eye-drop dispensing device 1 inside a further sterile or hermetically sealed container.

[0130] The use of the eye-drop dispensing device 1 will be described below. The use of the eye-drop dispensing device 1 involves substantially the preparation of a multidose eye solution.

[0131] To allow preparation of the eye solution, from the assembled condition of the eye-drop dispensing device 1, the spacer 4 is removed laterally from the eye-drop dispensing device 1. Owing to the presence of the gap 22, the spacer 4 may be removed without disengaging the first container 2 from the second container/dispensing member assembly. At this point, the first container 2 and the second container 3 are moved relatively closer together; for example, this operation may be performed by means of rotational movement of the second container 3 with respect to the first container 2 (as shown in FIG. 5) or vice versa. The movement of the first and second containers 2, 3 is made possible owing to the provision of the connection means described above. This movement allows the barrier 17 of the second container 3 to be pierced by means of the tubular element 9 of the first container 2 (see FIG. 5). After piercing the barrier 17, in order to obtain the eye solution, mixing of water for injection 200 and freeze-dried composition 300 comprising the drug, for example nerve growth factor, is performed.

[0132] As mentioned above, the freeze-dried composition 300 comprising the drug is introduced inside the second container 3, with which the dispensing member 5 is engaged. During use of the drop dispensing device 1, owing to the provision of the freeze-dried composition 300 in the proximity of the dispensing member 5, by shaking the drop dispensing device 1, water for injection may be made to flow out of the first container 2 into the second container 3 and consequently mixing is performed mainly inside the second container 3, thus avoiding having the freeze-dried composition 300 comprising the drug inside the first container 2.

[0133] Following mixing, during use of the drop dispensing device 1, dosing and subsequent application of the eye drops is performed by dosing them by means of the dispensing member 5. The application of the eye drops thus prepared may be repeated for several days, up to a maximum of 90 days.

[0134] As a result of the present invention it is possible to obtain one or more of the following advantages and solve one or more of the problems encountered in the prior art. Firstly, with the invention it is possible to obtain an eye-drop dispensing device which is compact, simple and ergonomic.

[0135] The invention also provides a process for the production of a drop dispensing device which may be automated in a simple and reliable manner.

[0136] The invention also provides a process for the preparation of an eye solution which is simple and may be rapidly implemented.

[0137] The invention is also convenient to use, easy to implement and simple and low-cost to produce.