DECIDUAL PLACENTAL MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL AND THE USE OF THE CELL FOR PREPARING PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS FOR PROMOTING ANGIOGENESIS

Abstract

A decidual placental mesenchymal stem cell and its culturing method are provided, which includes adding an induction step to the conventional mesenchymal stem cell culture method to make the said decidual placental mesenchymal stem cell highly express the decoy receptor 3; DcR3. A use of decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells for preparing pharmaceutical compositions for promoting angiogenesis.

Claims

1. A method for culturing a decidual placental mesenchymal stem cell (pcMSCs), which is adding an induction step to a serum-free medium, wherein the said induction step is adding at least one inflammatory cytokine to a serum-free medium for stimulation during the process of culturing, so that the pcMSCs highly express DcR3.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one inflammatory cytokine is selected from TNF-α, IFN-γ, or the combination thereof.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the induction step is performed after the pcMSCs adhered to the culture dish.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the effective amount of TNF-α is 15˜20 ng/mL, and wherein the effective amount of IFN-γ is 10˜20 ng/mL.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the TNF-α and the IFN-γ are stimulated for 48 hours.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the TNF-α and the IFN-γ are added into the cell culture medium together.

7. A pcMSCs cultured by the method of claim 1, wherein the said pcMSCs highly express DcR3.

8. The pcMSCs of claim 7, wherein the said pcMSCs express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and DcR3.

9. A method for promoting angiogenesis in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of the pcMSCs to the subject.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the said pcMSCs express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and DcR3.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the effective amount of pcMSCs is 1×10.sup.4 cells˜2×10.sup.5 cells.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee.

[0008] FIG. 1 shows the characterization of pcMSCs. The morphology of pcMSCs in serum free culture condition displayed spindle shape adherent cells. Scale bars: 100 μm (FIG. 1A). Immunophenotype analysis of pcMSCs showed CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 positive and CD14, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR negative (FIG. 1B). In vitro differentiation abilities of pcMSCs in osteogenesis (2), chondrogenesis (4) and adipogenesis (6) respectively. 1, 3 and 5 representing control group of each in vitro induction condition belonged to osteogenesis, chondrogenesis and adipogenesis respectively. Scale bars: 200 μm (FIG. 1C).

[0009] FIG. 2 demonstrates the karyotypically characteristics of pcMSCs isolated from male newborn's placenta. Representative image of chromosome analysis of 20.sup.th passage pcMSCs (N100) (FIG. 2A). The analysis presented as 46 separate chromosomes of three individuals including N98 (FIG. 2B), N99 (FIG. 2C), and N100 (FIG. 2D). Fluorescence in situ hybridization of pcMSCs isolated from male newborn's placenta showed X chromosome (represented as red fluorescence) positive but Y chromosome (represented as green fluorescence) negative (FIG. 2F), in contrast to that in Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) from male newborn presenting double positive result of X and Y chromosomes (FIG. 2E). Given at the left-bottom corners are the enlarged views of the images in white boxes of the individual panels. Scale bars: 50 μm.

[0010] FIG. 3 demonstrates the gene expression analysis of pcMSCs comparing to Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC). Abbreviation: pcMSCs: decidual placental mesenchymal stem cell; BMMSC: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; Adsv: adipose mesenchymal stem cells; hES: human embryonic stem cells; UniRef: UniProt Reference Clusters.

[0011] FIG. 4 shows hormone receptors of pcMSCs comparing to those of BMMSCs. Abbreviation: BM: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; AdMSC: adipose mesenchymal stem cells; PRA: progesterone receptor A; PRB: progesterone receptor B; ER: estrogen receptor a subunit.

[0012] FIG. 5 indicates that pcMSCs can be induced in vitro decidualization by estradiol and progesterone. The result of quantitative PCR analysis (FIG. 5A). The result of western blotting (FIG. 5B). The result of ELISA (FIG. 5C). * indicated 0.01<P≤0.05, ** indicated 0.005<P≤0.01, *** indicated P≤0.005; and N.D. indicated non-detected.

[0013] FIG. 6 indicates the comparison of TNF receptor super family associated genes expression of pcMSCs and BMMSCs.

[0014] FIG. 7 demonstrates the result of protein expression of DcR3 in pcMSCs and BMMSCs.

[0015] FIG. 8 demonstrates the expression of DcR3 is enhanced by the induction of TNF-α and IFN-γ.

[0016] FIG. 9 illustrates that the experiment processes of in vitro tube formation assay demonstrated pcMSCs promote angiogenesis via DcR3. Abbreviation: SVEC: endothelial cell line.

[0017] FIG. 10 illustrates that in vitro tube formation assay demonstrated pcMSCs promote angiogenesis via DcR3. The result of ELISA (FIG. 10A). The fluorescent microscope images (FIG. 10B). The statistical results of fluorescent microscope images (FIG. 10C).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] The present invention provides a method for culturing a decidual placental mesenchymal stem cell (pcMSCs) with highly expression of decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), which involves adding an induction step to a serum-free medium formula comprising MCDB201 culture medium, EGF (epidermal growth factor), and ITS (Insulin, Transferrin, Selenium) cell culture supplements, wherein the said induction step is adding at least one inflammatory cytokine to a cell culture medium for stimulation during the process of culturing, so that the pcMSCs highly express DcR3.

[0019] The term “highly express” or “high expression” of the invention means that the DcR3 expression level of the decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells cultured by the culture method of the present invention shows statistically significantly higher than that of pcMSCs cultured by the currently existing mesenchymal stem cell culture method.

[0020] In the method of the present invention, preferably, the at least one inflammatory cytokine is selected from tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) or the combination thereof.

[0021] In the method of the present invention, preferably, the induction step is performed after the pcMSCs adhered to the culture dish.

[0022] In the method of the present invention, most preferably, the effective amount of TNF-α is 15˜20 ng/ml, and the effective amount of IFN-γ is 10˜20 ng/ml.

[0023] In the method of the present invention, most preferably, the pcMSCs are stimulated by TNF-α and IFN-γ for 48 hours.

[0024] In the method of the present invention, most preferably, the TNF-α and the IFN-γ are added into the cell culture medium together.

[0025] A decidual placental mesenchymal stem cell cultured by the said culture method is also provided in the present invention, wherein the pcMSCs highly expresses DcR3.

[0026] Preferably, the pcMSCs express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and DcR3.

[0027] To further investigate the applied potential of Dcr3 in the pcMSCs, the present invention also includes a method for promoting angiogenesis in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of the pcMSCs to the subject.

[0028] Preferably, in the method of the present invention, the subject is human or mammalian.

[0029] Preferably, in the method of the present invention, the effective amount of pcMSCs is 1×10.sup.4 cells to 2×10.sup.5 cells.

Description of Embodiments

[0030] It should be understood that the detailed description of the embodiments is to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention to certain embodiments. It should be noted that the present invention is intended to cover all alternative embodiments within the same spirit and scope of the present invention. Some non-essential modifications and adjustments made by others based on the concept of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Identification of Decidual Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells (pcMSCs)

[0032] In the research of the present invention, we successfully isolated a kind of mesenchymal stem cells from human placental decidua, named decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells (pcMSCs).

[0033] We isolated a mesenchymal stem cell from the choriodecidual part of the placenta, which meet the basic international definition of mesenchymal stem cells (see FIG. 1), and then the cells were confirmed to originate from the maternal site (which is the decidual site) by chromosome identification and fluorescence in situ heterozygous staining analysis (see FIG. 2).

[0034] Since the basic definition of mesenchymal stem cells could not distinguish cells separated from different tissue sources, in order to find a biomarker sufficient to identify decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells, the gene expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells were analyzed in the present invention.

[0035] Several receptor genes were collected in the present invention to prove the difference between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and pcMSCs. As shown in FIG. 3, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) could be expressed in pcMSCs, but could not be expressed in BMMSCs, and both BMMSCs and pcMSCs expressed IFN-γ receptor (IFNGR) and TNF-α receptor (TNFRSF1A). The result confirmed that ER and PR were unique to decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells.

[0036] Further compared the hormone receptors of pcMSCs with those of BMMSC, the protein expression was confirmed by different receptor specific antibodies through Western blot, and the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and T47D were used as negative and positive controls of progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen receptor (ER), respectively. The result demonstrated that, after compared to BMMSCs and AdMSCs, only pcMSCs expressed progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen receptor (ER) (see FIG. 4).

[0037] In order to identify that estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor were unique to decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells, the decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells (pcMSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were further stimulated with 10 nM estrogen and 1 μM progesterone (E/P), and the cultured medium and the cells were harvested on day 3, 6 and 9 for subsequently quantitative PCR, Western blotting and ELISA analysis to evaluate the expression of prolactin (PRL). β-actin was used as quantitative standards in Western blotting, all experiments were repeated in triplicate.

[0038] The results were shown as FIG. 5. All the results of qPCR (A), Western blotting (B) and ELISA (C) quantitative analysis demonstrated that the index gene PRL rose significantly in pcMSCs which indicated that only the pcMSCs could be differentiated into decidualization. The BMMSCs were not regulated by hormones. The results confirmed once again that decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells exhibited their unique behaviors derived from the decidual site.

[0039] Moreover, the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily related genes of pcMSCs and BMMSCs were also compared. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily related genes were collected and analyzed to evaluate the specific gene expression patterns between pcMSCs and BMMSCs.

[0040] Although several genes showed distinguishable patterns in pcMSCs (see FIG. 6), but the decoy receptor No. 3 (DcR3; or TNFRSF6B) was more focused for the further analysis to confirm that DcR3 was expressed only in pcMSCs but not in BMMSCs. As shown in FIG. 7, the DcR3 was expressed in pcMSCs but was not expressed in BMMSCs isolated from different genders. Given the above, it was believed that estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and decoy receptor type 3 (DcR3) could become physiologically significant biomarkers of pcMSCs to be used to distinguish the mesenchymal stem cell from different tissues.

[0041] Method for Culturing Decidual Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells (pcMSCs) with Highly Expression of DcR3

[0042] The present invention provided a new method for culturing decidual placental mesenchymal stem cell (pcMSCs) which was adding inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ into the conventional mesenchymal stein cell culture method for stimulation the expression of DcR3. In detail, the pcMSCs were cultured by the conventional sterilized cell culture method with using serum-free stem cell culture medium for cell subculture, the fresh stem cell culture medium was renewed every 3 days during the culturing, wherein the medium including MCDB201 culture medium, 1% ITS (Insulin, Transferrin, Selenium) and 10 ng/mL EGF (epidermal growth factor).

[0043] Differing from the conventional culturing method, an induction step was added in the present invention after the pcMSCs adhered to the culture dish.

[0044] In the present invention, the cells were separated to 4 groups, that were (1) negative control; (2) induction with 20 ng/mL TNF-α; (3) induction with 20 ng/mL IFN-γ; and (4) induction with 20 ng/mL TNF-α and 20 ng/mL IFN-γ together.

[0045] At first, 1×10.sup.5 pcMSCs were cultured in 6-well culture plate, culturing overnight in the incubator. The culture medium of each well was removed. Each well was added with group (1) complete medium without stimulated factor, group (2) complete medium with 20 ng/mL TNF-α, group (3) complete medium with 20 ng/mL IFN-γ, and group (4) complete medium having 20 ng/mL TNF-α and 20 ng/mL IFN-γ. The pcMSCs were cultured for 48 hours and then were identified by Western blotting after induction. As shown in FIG. 8, the results indicated that the expression level of DcR3 was increased in pcMSCs of groups (2), (3) and (4).

[0046] The present invention further tested the applicable dosage of pcMSCs to increase the expression of DcR3. The result showed that the DcR3 expression of pcMSCs could be increased by using 15 ng/mL TNF-α or 10 ng/mL IFN-γ. Similarly, when the two cytokines were added together for induction, the result of increasing the expression of DcR3 in pcMSCs was also observed.

[0047] pcMSCs had the Potential to Promote Angiogenesis

[0048] To further explore the application potential of DcR3 in the pcMSCs, the pcMSCs were used in the present invention for the research.

[0049] The present invention further tested the difference of angiogenesis between pcMSCs with or without induction with TNF-α and IFN-γ.

[0050] According to the culturing method described previously, the pcMSCs were cultured in Transwell inserts, the procedures of the experiment were shown in FIG. 9. The used cell number was adjusted according to the pore sizes of the Transwell inserts.

[0051] First of all, 1×10.sup.4 pcMSCs were cultured in Transwell inserts specific to 24-well culture dish. After induction with 15 ng/mL TNF-α and 10 ng/mL IFN-γ for 48 hours, the Transwell inserts (with induced pcMSCs) were moved to the culture dishes with endothelial cell line (SVEC) for co-culturing to perform the in vitro tube formation assay. The SVECs were cultured on the Matrigel cell culture matrix. The amount of total branch point was calculated with images captured by fluorescence microscopy after 6 hours of co-culture.

[0052] The DcR3 expression level of pcMSCs were evaluated by ELISA analysis after induction with cytokines for 48 hours. As shown in FIG. 10A, the DcR3 expression level of induced group was significantly higher than the expression level of non-induced group.

[0053] FIG. 10B illustrated the number of total branch points of each group calculated through the images taken by the fluorescence microscope after 6 hours of co-culture of decidual placental mesenchymal stem cells and SVEC.

[0054] In the present invention, 2×10.sup.5 pcMSCs were also cultured in Transwell inserts specific to 6-well culture dish, and similar results were obtained (data not shown).

[0055] The statistical results showed that, compared with the normal control group, pcMSCs induced with TNF-α and IFN-γ significantly induced more branch points, and this phenomenon was reversed by anti-DcR3 antibody (0.5 μg/mL) (FIG. 10C). The number of branch points in the neutralization group of the anti-DcR3 antibody showed the lowest, even lower than that of the normal control group. The results reflected that the constant expression of DcR3 had an impact on angiogenesis. Therefore, pcMSCs could promote angiogenesis by DcR3.