Method of Controlling a Paint Composition

Abstract

This invention relates to a method of controlling a water-based, acrylic, artists' paint composition comprising an alkali and alcohol soluble polymer and a substituted amine using an alcohol solution.

Claims

1. A method of re-accessing the open time of an unworkable artists' paint composition, wherein the paint composition comprises: i) at least one alkali and alcohol soluble polymer (AASP) said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11 and an alcohol; ii) at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to about 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; iii) a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; and; the method comprising contacting the unworkable paint composition with an alcohol solution in an amount effective to re-access the open time of the unworkable paint composition and form a workable paint composition.

2. A method of rewetting an artists' paint composition which is in an unworkable state, wherein the paint composition comprises: i) at least one alkali and alcohol soluble polymer (AASP) in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11 and an alcohol; ii) at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to about 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; iii) a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; and the method comprising contacting the artists' paint composition with an alcohol solution in an amount sufficient to wet the artists' paint composition so that it is in a workable state.

3. A workable paint composition obtained by the method of claim 1 or 2.

4. A method of painting a substrate comprising: applying to the substrate a workable paint composition; allowing the paint composition to dry to an unworkable state; and contacting the artists' paint composition with an alcohol solution in an amount sufficient to wet the artists' paint composition so that it is in a workable state, wherein the paint composition comprises i) at least one alkali and alcohol soluble polymer (AASP) in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11 and an alcohol; ii) at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to about 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; iii) a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.

5. A method of controlling the open time of a workable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition comprising at least one alkali and alcohol soluble polymer (AASP) and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to about 11, the method comprising contacting the paint composition with an alcohol solution and optionally one or more of: (a) water; and (b) a medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to about 11; and (c) a medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the workable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition is obtained by treating an unworkable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition with an alcohol solution.

7. The method of claim 5 or 6 wherein the workable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition is obtained according to the method of claim 1 or 2.

8. The method of claim 5 or 6 wherein contacting the paint composition with the alcohol solution and optionally one or more of a)-c) takes place periodically so as to provide a workable paint composition.

9. The method of any one of claim 1, 2, or 4 -8, wherein the water-based artists' paint composition comprises: at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation; at least one alkali and alcohol soluble polymer (AASP) in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to 11 and an alcohol solution; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener; and optionally includes one or more additives including dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents and preservatives.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the at least one alkali soluble polymer is soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from 8 to 9.5.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein the at least one substituted amine is in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 8 to 9.5.

12. The method of claim 9 wherein the at least one alkali soluble polymer is present in an amount in the range of 2-10 kg/200 L and wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from 1:4 to 1:20.

13. The method of claim 9 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range of 1:1 to 1:3.

14. The method of claim 9 wherein the at least one substituted amine is selected from the group consisting of aminomethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof.

15. The method of any one of claim 1, 2 or 4-14 wherein the unworkable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition has been drying for less than 12 hours.

16. The method of claim 9 wherein the alkali and alcohol soluble polymer is in an amount effective to control the open time of the paint composition.

17. The method of claim 9 wherein the alkali and alcohol soluble polymer is in an amount effective to re-wet a paint composition and/or extend the open time of the paint composition.

18. The method of any one of claim 1, 2 or 4-17 wherein the unworkable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition has been drying for a period of within an hour up to 5 days or before the amine completely evaporates.

19. The method of any one of claim 1, 2 or 4-17 wherein the unworkable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition has been drying for a period of within an hour up to 3 days.

20. The method of any one of claim 1, 2 or 4-17 wherein the unworkable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition has been drying for a period of within an hour up to 12 hours, or within an hour up to 6 hours.

21. A water-based acrylic artists' paint composition comprising: at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation; at least one alkali and alcohol soluble polymer (AASP) in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to 11 and an alcohol solution; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener; and optionally includes one or more additives including dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents and preservatives. for use in painting a substrate and subsequent treatment with an alcohol solution.

22. The method of claim 4 or the paint composition of claim 21 wherein the substrate is selected from the group including canvas, Masonite, wood, plastic, metal and paper.

23. Use of an alcohol solution in treating an unworkable water-based acrylic artists' paint composition so as to form a workable water based composition, wherein the water-based acrylic artists' paint composition comprises: at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation; at least one alkali and alcohol soluble polymer (AASP) in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to 11 and an alcohol solution; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener; and optionally includes one or more additives including dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents and preservatives.

24. The method of any one of claim 1, 2, 4-20, or 22, the composition of any one of claim 3 or 21, or the use of claim 23 wherein the alcohol solution is an aqueous solution.

25. The method, composition or use of claim 24 wherein the alcohol solution is an alcohol solution is selected form the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), butanol; butyl icinol and methylated spirits,

26. The method, composition or use of claim 24 or 25 wherein the alcohol solution comprises an alcohol selected from the group consisting of, ethanol, propanol or isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or butanol.

27. The method, composition or use of claim 24, 25 or 26 wherein the alcohol solution comprises an alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethanol or isopropyl alcohol (IPA).

28. The method, composition or use of any one of claims 24-27 wherein the alcohol solution is an aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol 50% and water 50%.

29. The method, composition or use of any one of claims 24-27 wherein the alcohol solution is sprayed onto the paint composition.

30. The method, composition or use of any one of claims 24-27 wherein the alcohol solution is contacted with the paint composition by dipping an implement, such as a paint brush, into the alcohol solution and applying it the paint composition.

31. The method of claim 4 wherein the workable paint composition is further applied to the paint composition applied to the substrate.

32. The method of claim 31 wherein the paint composition applied to the substrate is a workable and/or unworkable paint composition.

33. A method of painting a substrate comprising: applying to the substrate a workable paint composition and contacting the artists' paint composition with an alcohol solution in an amount sufficient to wet the artists' paint composition so that it is in a workable state, wherein the paint composition comprises i) at least one alkali and alcohol soluble polymer (AASP) in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11 and an alcohol; ii) at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 8 to about 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines, C.sub.1-6 alkyl C.sub.1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; and iii) a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein the paint composition is applied to the substrate and allowed to dry to a semi-wet state, such that the paint composition is transitioning from a wet to a dry state.

35. The method of claim 33 wherein the paint composition is applied to the substrate and allowed to dry to an unworkable state.

36. The method of claim 9 wherein the alkali and alcohol soluble polymer is Acrysol I-62.

Description

EXAMPLES

[0214] The invention will now be further discussed with reference to the following examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative and not restrictive.

[0215] The following compositions may be used in the methods of the present invention.

Example 1

[0216]

TABLE-US-00001 Ingredient Function Quantity (kg) Quinacridone Magenta Pigment 16 kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Dispersant 4 kg Haas) Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Dispersant 4 kg Products & Chemicals Inc) Anionic Dispersant Acrysol I 62 (Rohm & Auxiliary 10 kg Haas) (50% AASP Binder (eqiliv. to 5 kg dry AASP) dispersion) Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer Calcium Carbonate Extender 50 kg PR3230 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 80 kg Acrylic Dispersion Propylene Glycol Freeze/thaw 6 kg stability TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 2 kg Alkali Swellable Modifier Rheology Modifier Acrysol DR1 (Rohm & Rheology 2 kg Haas) Alkali Swellable Modifier Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohm & Thickener 8-10 kg Haas) Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water q.s. 200 L

Example 2

[0217]

TABLE-US-00002 Ingredient Function Quantity (kg) Perinone Orange Pigment 10 kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta pigment

Example 3

[0218]

TABLE-US-00003 3. Terre Verte Pthalo Blue Pigment: 4 kg Raw Sienna Pigment: 68.25 kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta pigment or calcium carbonate

Example 4

[0219]

TABLE-US-00004 4. Blue Black Pthalo Blue 10 kg Carbon Black 2.5 kg Remainder as per Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta pigment

Example 5

[0220]

TABLE-US-00005 5. Ultramarine Blue Pigment 80 kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta pigment or calcium carbonate

[0221] The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigments being used in order to get a uniform viscosity. The alkali swellable thickener in the examples may be substituted with other conventional alkali swellable thickeners as discussed above.

[0222] The amount of alkali and alcohol soluble polymer may be varied to control the rate of drying. In the above examples, Acrysol I-62 may be varied from about 6 kg to about 15 kg/200 L (dry 3-7.5 kg/200 L). Preferred amounts are from 8-15 kg/200 L (4-7.5 kg/220 L dry AASP) more preferably 8-12 kg/200 L (4-6 kg/200 L dry AASP).

[0223] The paint making process is the same for any colour and is the conventional procedure which may be summarised as follows:

[0224] Stage 1: Load: Add water, dispersants, some defoamer as required to control against foam and alkali soluble ink polymer and under agitation using a cavitation mixer such as a TORRACE mixer, add enough substituted amine, such as MEA or TEA, to neutralize this mixture to desired pH, add the coalescent if used. A suitable defoamer is manufactured by Henkel under the trade mark Foamaster NS-1.

[0225] Stage 2: At this point the pigment (and extender if used) is added, either in powder form, or possibly as a pre-dispersed liquid which has already been processed in a bead mill.

[0226] Stage 3: Add a portion of the thickener and disperse.

[0227] Stage 4: Let down: Add the acrylic binder dispersion, the rheology modifiers and remainder of the thickener and the propylene glycol.

[0228] Stage 5: Add sufficient water to make 200 L and stir until the batch is uniform.

Example 6

[0229]

TABLE-US-00006 Ingredient Function Quantity (kg) Quinacridone Magenta Pigment 16 kg Pigment Calcium Carbonate Extender 50 kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Dispersant 4 kg Haas) Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Dispersant 4 kg Products & Chemicals Inc),. Anionic Dispersant AC 2235 (Rohm & Haas] Binder 80 kg Acrylic Dispersion Texanol (Eastman Chemical Coalescent 2 kg Company) Ester alcohol TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 1.5 kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohm & Thickener 10 kg Haas) Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) Acrysol DR72 (Rohm & Rheology 2 kg Haas) Alkali Swellable Modifier Rheology Modifier Propylene Glycol Freeze/thaw 4 kg stabilizer Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer Auxiliary 10 kg (50% AASP dispersion) Binder (equiv. to 5 kg dry AASP) AMP or ME A to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water q.s. 200 L

Example 7

[0230]

TABLE-US-00007 Ingredient Function Quantity (kg) Arylamide Yellow Pigment Pigment 20 kg 2G X 70 Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Dispersant 4 kg Haas) Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Dispersant 4 kg Products & Chemicals Inc). Anionic Dispersant AC I-1955 (Rohm & Binder 80 kg Haas) Alkali Soluble Acrylic Dispersion Texanol (Eastman Coalescent 2 kg Chemical Co) Ester alcohol TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 2 kg Alkali Swellable Modifier Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohm & Thickener 10 kg Haas) Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) Lucidene 361 (Rohm & Auxiliary 10 kg Haas) water-based Binder (equiv. to 5 kg dry AASP) polystyrene/acrylic AASP emulsion (Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer) (50% dispersion) AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water q.s. 200 L

Example 8

[0231]

TABLE-US-00008 Ingredient Function Quantity (kg) Pthalo Green Pigment Pigment 20 kg Calcium Carbonate Extender 50 kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Dispersant 4 kg Haas) Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Dispersant 4 kg Products & Chemicals Inc) Anionic Dispersant Acronal 290D (BASF) Binder 80 kg Styrene/acrylic copolymer dispersion Texanol (Eastman Coalescent 2 kg Chemical Co) Ester alcohol Acrysol DR72 (Rohm & Rheology 2 kg Haas) Alkali Swellable Modifier Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohm & Thickener 10 kg Haas) Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) Polyphobe TR117 Thickener 1 kg (Union Carbide) Joncryl 142 (Johnson Auxiliary 10 kg Wax Co) Alkali Soluble Binder (equiv. to 5 kg dry AASP) Ink Polymer (50% dis- AASP persion) AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water q.s. 200 L

[0232] Key to Examples 9-31

TABLE-US-00009 Ingredient Manufacturer Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 Air Products & Dispersant (anionic dispersant) Chemicals Inc Orotan 1124 Rohm & Haas Dispersant (anionic dispersant) Mergal K10N Troy Corporation Biocide Polyphase AF3 Troy Corporation Fungicide Foamaster NS-1 Henkel Defoamer Propylene glycol Shell Petroleum Freeze/thaw stability AMP-95 Dow Chemicals Neutraliser Primal SF-017 Rohm & Haas Binder Water dispersible acrylic polymer Acrysol TT-615 Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier (alkali swellable rheology modifier) Acrysol DR-1 Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier (alkali swellable rheology modifier) Viscalex HV-30 Ciba Specialty Thickener Chemicals Acrysol I-62 Rohm & Haas Auxiliary binder - AASP (alkali soluble polymer) 50% dipsersion Omycarb-2 Omya-Southern Extender (calcium carbonate) Chemicals Envirogen AD Surfactant Air Products & Non-foaming wetting agent Chemicals Inc

Example 9

[0233]

TABLE-US-00010 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 1 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: Merlin Super Copper 50 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 10

[0234]

TABLE-US-00011 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 2 Orotan 1124 3 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 AMP-95 5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: Shepherd Green 260 100 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 11

[0235]

TABLE-US-00012 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 AMP-95 5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: Red 3705 50 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 12

[0236]

TABLE-US-00013 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 AMP-95 5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: Pink 304/80 17.5 Pigment: Red HFT 20 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 13

[0237]

TABLE-US-00014 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 AMP-95 5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: RCL 595 36 Pigment: Pink 304/80 30 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 14

[0238]

TABLE-US-00015 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: RCL 595 36 Pigment: Violet C10 6.2 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 15

[0239]

TABLE-US-00016 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 AMP-95 5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 11 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: Red Fble 60 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 16

[0240]

TABLE-US-00017 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 0.25 Orotan 1124 0.75 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 AMP-95 5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: RCL 595 60 Pigment: Blue 2gax 6.5 Pigment: Green 1211/79 10.5 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 17

[0241]

TABLE-US-00018 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 AMP-95 5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: RCL 595 75 Pigment: Yellow 1811/82 2 Pigment: Yellow C16 10 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 18

[0242]

TABLE-US-00019 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 1.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 11 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: Black Oxide 318 70 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 19

[0243]

TABLE-US-00020 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 0.25 Orotan 1124 0.75 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 25 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: RCL 595 150 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 20

[0244]

TABLE-US-00021 Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 1.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Propylene Glycol 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 amp-95 4.5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: RS 210 68 Water q.s. 200 L

[0245] Examples 21-31 exemplify paint compositions that are more like a traditional gouache.

Example 21

[0246]

TABLE-US-00022 Absolute matte: ultramarine blue Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 5.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen ad surfactant 0.2 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: ultra blue premier RX 75 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 22

[0247]

TABLE-US-00023 Absolute matte: napthol red light Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 4.4 Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 60 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: red frll 50 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 23

[0248]

TABLE-US-00024 Absolute matte: cobalt turquoise light Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 6 Orotan 1124 3 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 9 (dry AASP = 4.5) Pigment:irgacolor turquoise 22-5500p 100 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 24

[0249]

TABLE-US-00025 Absolute matte: titanium white Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 4.4 Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 60 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol ACRYSOL DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: RCL 595 150 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 25

[0250]

TABLE-US-00026 Absolute matte: chromium green oxide Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 5.8 Orotan 1124 3.6 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 40 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol ACRYSOL DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: green oxide g6099 80 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 26

[0251]

TABLE-US-00027 Absolute matte: pthalo blue (red shade) Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 4.5 Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 70 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 45 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HAV-30 6 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: blue 303/81 30 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 27

[0252]

TABLE-US-00028 Absolute matte: pthalo green Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 4.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 70 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: green 1211/79 30 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 28

[0253]

TABLE-US-00029 Absolute matte: burnt umber Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 5.6 Orotan 1124 2.4 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 8 (dry AASP = 4) Pigment: BU 524 80 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 29

[0254]

TABLE-US-00030 Absolute matte: carbon black Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 4.3 Orotan 1124 0.9 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 50 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 6.6 (dry AASP = 3.3) Pigment: black 43/77vb 30 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 30

[0255]

TABLE-US-00031 Absolute matte: burnt sienna Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 5.6 Orotan 1124 2.4 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 7 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 10 (dry AASP = 5) Pigment: BS 310 80 Water q.s. 200 L

Example 31

[0256]

TABLE-US-00032 Absolute matte: cobalt blue hue Ingredient Quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 4.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 70 AMP-95 4 Primal SF-017 45 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acrysol I-62 (50% AASP dispersion) 11.5 (dry AASP = 5.75) Pigment: RCL 595 9 Water q.s. 200 L

Method

[0257] Working conditions when artists do a painting tend to be variable and outside of the control of artists using water based paints.

[0258] As noted earlier, as soon as the water phase evaporates from a conventional acrylic paint composition after application to a palette or substrate, they become dry and not able to be reworked.

[0259] The inventor has previously shown, that when a paint compositions containing AASP and a substituted amine (as herein before described) is used by an artist, it is possible to maintain a painting in a wet state by supplying more water to compensate for the water evaporation that is taking place. However, it is operationally difficult to do this, especially for a large painting or for example when working outdoors. In such cases it is difficult to prevent the paint composition from drying and becoming unworkable.

[0260] The inventor has found that by adopting the method disclosed herein the paint composition can be wet or rewet using an alcohol solution to extend or re-access the open time of the paint composition to enable the artist to continue painting on the substrate. Accordingly, the step of contacting an unworkable paint composition with an alcohol solution to maintain a workable wet painting condition is easy to carry out because the alcohol solution is capable of rewetting the dry paint composition containing the AASP and substituted amine, and this gives the artists full control of the painting process, regardless of the working conditions, or the size of the painting, or even the especially unfavourable conditions which apply when working plain air (outdoors).

[0261] Instead of having to monitor drying times under different working conditions it is now possible for an artist to paint wet in wet throughout a full day and even several days later when using the method disclosed herein, and this includes specifically targeting certain areas of a dry painting for readjustment when desired.

[0262] The method disclosed herein also allows the acrylic artist to paint in layers. They can overpaint because the alcohol evaporates. This is in contrast to other commercially available acrylic paints (eg Golden Open) which include large quantities of propylene glycol. Although the propylene glycol allows the open time to be extended, the propylene glycol remains in the paint, sometimes for several days, which does not enable the artist to paint layer upon layer.

[0263] The above compositions of were prepared and used under studio conditions and outdoors to prepare artworks on the substrate of canvas using conventional palettes and brushes.

[0264] The compositions were roughly applied to a canvas substrate using a paint brush with the aim of providing an uneven coat. A consistent number of coats were applied to provide a paint composition of roughly uneven texture, i.e so that some areas of the canvas have a thin covering of paint composition while others have a thicker covering.

[0265] The paint compositions were allowed to dry so that the paint was no longer workable under ambient temperature and humidity. The paint was considered unworkable when the section of paint composition under consideration satisfied the dry to the touch test, ie where the paint composition felt dry to the touch of the human finger signifying that that section had dried and was no longer workable. Varying degrees of drying were conducted to assess the different amounts of alcohol solution required to re-open the dry paint compositions. The drying time of the paint compositions ranged from 1 hour to 5 days.

[0266] The paint compositions were then contacted with an alcohol solution of isopropyl alcohol 50% and water 50%. This is achieved by dipping the paint brush into an aqueous isopropyl alcohol solution (50%) and applying the brush containing the alcohol solution to the dry paint composition to be re-opened. Spraying the alcohol solution onto the canvas may be a more convenient way for the artist to work on a particular painted area.

[0267] If an alcohol solution is used in conjunction with the paint in the painting process, then it that is possible to maintain the paint in a wet state regardless of the climatic conditions, and when the painting is finished it will dry rapidly because of the fast evaporation rate of the alcohol.

Results

[0268] In the above examples, the alkali soluble polymer (Acrysol I-62) in the range of 6.6-10 kg (wet) per 200 litres in the paint composition allowed the alcohol/water solution to rewet the dried paint. It was found that paint that had recently dried (i.e. within a few hours of drying) was easier to rewet than paints that had been dried for a longer period (i.e. greater than 12 hours).

[0269] It will be appreciated that the speed of drying of the paint composition will be dependent on the surrounding environmental conditions and the thickness of the paint composition under consideration Likewise the amount of aqueous alcohol solution required to re-open the paint composition will be dependent on the amount of amine and water that has evaporated from the paint composition. There is a correlation between longer drying time and the requirement of a longer re-wetting time and the amount of aqueous alcohol solution required to re-wet a paint composition.

[0270] As noted earlier, paints in which the substituted amine had evaporated resulted in a slower re-wetting process. This was evidenced by it taking longer for the alcohol solution to be absorbed into the paint composition

[0271] Once the open time is re-opened by the addition of aqueous alcohol, the paint compositions are able to be further manipulated by the further addition of one or more mediums selected from the group consisting of: water; a medium comprising an aqueous alcohol; a medium comprising an alcohol and alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted amine; and a medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer (for example, in the form of fresh wet paint). It was found that wet in wet painting techniques could be exercised for a full day and in some portions of the artworks on a second day, provided that one or more of the above mediums was applied to the paint composition.

[0272] The present invention gives an artist flexibility and considerably more time to develop an artistic piece while still retaining the benefits of using water-based acrylic paints (such as low amounts of volatile organic compounds, excellent colour retention and brushes being able to be washed out in water). The invention provides a method of controlling a paint composition by re-opening an unworkable paint composition and controlling the open time thereafter with the addition of different mediums.

[0273] It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that numerous variations and/or modifications may be made to the invention as shown in the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as broadly described. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

[0274] The steps, features, integers, compositions and/or compounds disclosed herein or indicated in the specification of this application individually or collectively, and any and all combinations of two or more of said steps or features.