Gyratory crusher

Abstract

An example gyratory crusher for comminuting quarry material may comprise a crushing housing having a top and a bottom and a crushing cone having a top and a bottom. The crushing housing may be positioned around the crushing cone such that the crushing housing and the crushing cone form a circumferential crushing space having a crushing throat towards the top and a crushing gap towards the bottom. The crushing throat may be configured to receive quarry material, which, once comminuted, may exit the circumferential crushing space through the crushing gap. The circumferential crushing space may be tapered towards the crushing gap to facilitate this process. The crushing housing may include a crushing wall surface with an undulated surface disposed at least near the crushing throat. Waves of the undulated surface may include wave troughs and wave peaks and extend in a circumferential direction.

Claims

1. A gyratory crusher for comminuting quarry material, the gyratory crusher comprising: a crushing housing having a top and a bottom; a crushing cone having a top and a bottom, wherein the crushing housing is positioned around the crushing cone such that the crushing housing and the crushing cone define a circumferential crushing space between the crushing housing and the crushing cone, wherein the circumferential crushing space forms a crushing throat that is open and configured to receive quarry material near the top of the crushing housing, wherein the circumferential crushing space tapers towards the bottoms of the crushing housing and the crushing cone but includes a crushing gap through which comminuted quarry material exits the circumferential crushing space; a crushing wall surface of the crushing housing, the crushing wall surface facing inwards toward the crushing cone and delimiting the circumferential crushing space at least in part, wherein the crushing wall surface includes a lower region and an upper region; and an undulated surface disposed along the upper region of the crushing wall surface of the crushing housing near the crushing throat, wherein waves of the undulated surface along a circumferential direction include wave troughs and wave peaks, wherein widths of the wave troughs in the lower region towards the crushing gap are wider than the widths of the wave troughs in the upper region towards the crushing throat.

2. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein heights of the wave peaks relative to the wave troughs decrease as proximity to the crushing gap increases.

3. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein the undulated surface commences at the crushing throat and gradually transitions into a smooth funnel-shaped lower crushing wall surface.

4. The gyratory crusher of claim 3 wherein an intake angle is defined in a radial plane between the crushing cone and either the wave troughs or the smooth funnel-shaped lower crushing wall surface, wherein the intake angle increases as proximity to the crushing throat increases.

5. The gyratory crusher of claim 4 wherein the intake angle increases continuously as proximity to the crushing throat increases.

6. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein the undulated surface extends across one-third to two-thirds of a height of the crushing wall surface.

7. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein a radial opening dimension is a distance as measured radially and horizontally outwards from the crushing cone to the crushing wall surface, wherein a height of the wave peaks in relation to the wave troughs corresponds to 10% to 15% of the radial opening dimension.

8. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein a radial opening dimension is a distance as measured radially and horizontally outwards from the crushing cone to the crushing wall surface, wherein a height of the wave peaks in relation to the wave troughs corresponds to 7.5% to 20% of the radial opening dimension.

9. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein a radial opening dimension is a distance as measured radially and horizontally outwards from the crushing cone to the crushing wall surface, wherein a height of the wave peaks in relation to the wave troughs corresponds to 5% to 25% of the radial opening dimension.

10. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein the undulated surface of the crushing wall surface comprises crushing plates.

11. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein the undulated surface comprises between five and fifty waves along a circumference of the crusher housing.

12. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein the undulated surface comprises between ten and thirty waves along a circumference of the crusher housing.

13. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein the undulated surface comprises between twelve and twenty waves along a circumference of the crusher housing.

14. The gyratory crusher of claim 1 wherein one or more of the wave peaks of the undulated surface comprises a wave crest having a straight line profile without any steps from the crushing throat downwards towards the crushing gap.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

(1) The present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.

(2) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an example gyratory crusher.

(3) FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example undulation that can be used to form an upper crushing wall surface of an example crusher housing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(4) The following description of example methods and apparatus is not intended to limit the scope of the description to the precise form or forms detailed herein. Instead the following description is intended to be illustrative so that others may follow its teachings.

(5) FIG. 1 shows a gyratory crusher 1 having a crushing cone 10 and having a crusher housing 11 in a sectional view, wherein further component parts of the drive, the cone mounting, and of the foundation of the gyratory crusher 1 are not shown for reasons of simplification.

(6) Together with the crushing cone 10, the crusher housing 11 forms an encircling crushing space 12 which at an intake angle , which lies in a radial plane, in relation to a crushing throat 13 is open toward the top. In the lower region the crushing cone 10, together with the crusher housing 11, configures an annular crushing gap 14, such that the crushing space 12 tapers off downward into the crushing gap 14. The crushing cone 10, by way of an eccentric (not illustrated), is set into a gyrating rotation movement, such that the crushing gap 14 is periodically enlarged and decreased in a revolving manner.

(7) If and when quarry material is infed into the crushing space 12 by way of the crushing throat 13 on the upper side, the quarry material is crushed by the clear width of the encircling crushing space 12, which is being periodically enlarged and decreased. Crushing plates 17 which according to the invention have an undulation, such as is shown in a perspective view in FIG. 2, are attached to the upper crushing wall surface 15a. Crushing plates 17, which are embodied in a conventional manner and without undulation and thus are not mentioned in more detail, are attached to the lower crushing wall surface 15b. In order for the graphic illustration of the crushing plates 17 and 17 in FIG. 1 to be simplified, the latter are illustrated only in a lying position in a section, without said crushing plates being illustrated so as to continue in the perspective view into the crusher housing 11.

(8) The undulation 16 is composed of wave troughs 16a and wave peaks 16b, wherein the wave troughs 16a and the wave peaks 16b in the circumferential direction of the upper crushing wall surface 15a are periodically sequenced. An intake angle , which in the wave troughs 16a of the undulation 16 continues into the upper region of the crushing wall surface 15a, is defined between the crusher housing 11 and the crushing cone 10. The wave peaks 16b on the upper crushing plates 17 thus form moldings reaching into the crushing space 12, on account of which the clear width between the crushing cone 10 and the crusher housing 11 is reduced only in the upper region.

(9) FIG. 2, in a perspective view, shows the upper crushing wall surface 15a which is formed from a multiplicity of crushing plates 17 which are designed so as to have an undulation 16. The crushing plates 17 here are disposed beside one another in such a manner that the undulation 16 in the circumferential direction forms sequential wave troughs 16a and wave peaks 16b. For illustrative purposes the crusher housing 11 is only indicated in a schematic manner, without a perspective view.

(10) The crushing throat 13 is configured in the upper region of the crushing wall surface 15a, and the wave peaks 16b in this region are configured so as to be wider than the wave troughs 16a. As the spacing from the crushing throat 13 increases toward the lower region of the crushing wall surface 15a, the width of the wave peaks 16b decreases, while the width of the wave troughs 16a increases. Here, the wave peaks 16b at the lower periphery 15c of the crushing wall surface 15a thus peter out into the lower surface of the wave troughs 16a.

(11) By way of the shown undulation 16 it is achieved that material compactions are formed to a lesser extent even when comparatively fine quarry material is loaded into the crushing space 12, since regions of loosened material, which widen downward toward the lower periphery 15c of the crushing wall surface 15a because the wave peaks 16b become smaller and in particular narrower, are formed by the wave troughs 16a which lie between the wave peaks 16b. On account of this effect, material compaction arises to a lesser extent, such that outages of the gyratory crusher 1 on account of overloading may be avoided.

(12) The invention in its embodiment is not limited to the above-stated and preferred exemplary embodiment. Rather, a multiplicity of variants which utilize the illustrated solution even in embodiments which are of a fundamentally different type are conceivable. All features and/or advantages, including details of the construction or spatial arrangements, which are derived from the claims, the description, or the drawings, may be relevant to the invention both individually as well as in the most varied combinations thereof.