Power distributor for a vehicle
09966675 ยท 2018-05-08
Assignee
Inventors
Cpc classification
H01R9/226
ELECTRICITY
International classification
Abstract
Embodiments disclose a power distributor for a vehicle, comprising a printed circuit board for diagnosis and/or for controlling a power supply of a plurality of electrical loads connected to the power distributor, and a bus bar comprising a plurality of first plug contact parts. According to the present disclosure, the printed circuit board comprises a switch part for collectively controlling the power supply of multiple electrical loads via the bus bar disposed separately from the printed circuit board, wherein the first plug contact part of the bus bar together with a second plug contact part disposed on the printed circuit board form a plug contact pair, and a load connected to the respective second plug contact part can be supplied via each plug contact pair.
Claims
1. A power distributor for a vehicle, comprising: a first printed circuit board configured to diagnose and control a power supply of a first plurality of electrical loads connected to the power distributor, the first printed circuit board including a switch part; a first bus bar including a first plurality of first plug contact parts, the first bus bar disposed separately from the first printed circuit board; and a first plurality of second plug contact parts disposed on the first printed circuit board; wherein: the switch part is configured to collectively control the power supply of one or more of the first plurality of electrical loads via the first bus bar; the first plug contact parts of the first bus bar together with the second plug contact parts of the first printed circuit board form at least one first plug contact pair; and at least one of the first plurality of electrical loads connected to one of the second plug contact parts of the first printed circuit board is supplied via the at least one first plug contact pair; and a second printed circuit board configured to control a power supply of a second plurality of electrical loads, the second printed circuit board including a plurality of electronic fuses; a second bus bar including a second plurality of first plug contact parts, the second bus bar disposed separately from the second printed circuit board; and wherein: the first plug contact parts of the second bus bar together with the further second plug contact part of the second printed circuit board form at least one second plug contact pair.
2. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein the first plug contact pair is configured to receive an electronic fuse connecting the first plug contact parts of the first bus bar with the second plug contact parts of the first printed circuit board.
3. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first plurality of second plug contact parts is connected to the first printed circuit board for diagnosing the supply of at least one of the first plurality of electrical loads.
4. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein the first plurality of first plug contact parts and the second plurality of second plug contact parts are each formed as tuning-fork contacts.
5. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein the first plurality of first plug contact parts are designed in one piece with the first bus bar.
6. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein the first plurality of second plug contact parts is formed on an individual contact element configured to connect to the first plurality of electrical loads.
7. The power distributor according to claim 6, wherein: the individual contact element extends through the first printed circuit board such that the first plurality of second plug contact parts is disposed on a first planar side of the first printed circuit board; and a contact tab configured for the connection of the first plurality of electrical loads, is disposed on a second planar side of the first printed circuit board located opposite the first planar side.
8. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein the first printed circuit board includes at least one tuning fork-shaped bus bar contacting element configured to connect the first bus bar to the switch part.
9. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein a blade-shaped printed circuit board contacting element is formed on the first bus bar, the blade-shaped printed circuit board contacting element configured to connect to the first printed circuit board.
10. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein the first printed circuit board further includes a module contacting element configured to connect to a universal module.
11. The power distributor according to claim 10, wherein the module contacting element is a tuning-fork contact.
12. The power distributor according to either claim 10, wherein the universal module includes a mating contact element configured to contact the module contacting element.
13. The power distributor according to claim 10, wherein: the universal module is an exclusively electrical universal module; and the first printed circuit board is configured to diagnose and control the exclusively electrical universal module.
14. The power distributor according to claim 1, wherein the second printed circuit board includes a control unit configured for switch control and data communication within the vehicle, the control unit further configured to: monitor the power supply of the second plurality of electrical loads; and shut off the power supply to the second plurality of electrical loads when a fault occurs in the at least one second plug contact pair.
15. The power distributor according to claim 14, further comprising: a communication interface disposed between the control unit and a higher-level control device, the communication interface designed in a contactless manner as an optical, inductive or capacitive interface.
16. The power distributor according to claim 14, further comprising: a supply bus bar coupled to a primary power supply; and a redundancy bus bar coupled to a secondary power supply; wherein: the supply bus bar is coupled via the switch part to the first bus bar of the first printed circuit board; the supply bus bar is coupled via a contact device to the second bus bar of the second printed circuit board; and the redundancy bus bar is coupled to at least one of the plurality of electronic fuses of the second printed circuit board.
17. The power distributor according to claim 16, wherein at least one of the second plurality of electrical loads is coupled via a first of the plurality of electronic fuses disposed on the second printed circuit board, and via a second of the plurality of electronic fuses disposed on the second printed circuit board, wherein: with the first of the plurality of electronic fuses is coupled at least to the supply bus bar; and the second of the plurality of electronic fuses is coupled at least to the redundancy bus bar.
18. The power distributor according to claim 14, wherein the control unit is configured to: monitor at least one of a current or a voltage flowing across the plurality of electronic fuses; and shut off at least one electronic fuse of the plurality of electronic fuses or at least one of the second plurality of electrical loads when a threshold value is exceeded.
19. The power distributor according to claim 14, further comprising: a temperature monitoring device configured to shut off the switch part via the control unit of the plurality of electronic fuses when a threshold temperature is exceeded.
20. The power distributor according to claim 14, wherein at least one of the second plurality of electrical loads is coupled both via the first printed circuit board and via one of the plurality of electronic fuses disposed on the second printed circuit board.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
(1)
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(6) The figures are only schematic representations and are provided only to explain the present disclosure. Like elements are uniformly denoted by like reference numerals.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
(7)
(8)
(9) As shown in
(10)
(11) As shown in
(12) As shown in
(13) A first bus bar contacting element 19, which in this exemplary embodiment is designed in the form of two individual tuning-fork contacts, is disposed in the (immediate) vicinity of the first switch part 17. This tuning fork shape allows electrical contacting and also creates a robust mechanical connection. The number of bus bar contacting elements 19 is selected both based on the electric energy to be transmitted thereby and for the tilt stability of the bus bar held mechanically therein. The first bus bar contacting element 19 is electrically conductively connected to the first switch element 17 via one or more corresponding conductors of the printed circuit board 15, so that a voltage switched by the first switch part 17 is present at the first bus bar contacting element 19.
(14) A second bus bar contacting element 20, designed in the form of two individual tuning-fork contacts, is also disposed in the (immediate) vicinity of the second switch part 18. The second bus bar contacting element 20 is also electrically conductively connected to the second switch element 18 via one or more corresponding conductors of the printed circuit board 15, so that a voltage switched by the second switch part 18 is present at the second bus bar contacting element 20. The number of mutually parallel bus bar contacting elements 19 and 20 and the dimensions thereof are dependent on the overall electric power required for supplying the electrical loads, among other things. It is possible that comparatively short conductors are sufficient due to the immediate vicinity of the two bus bar contacting elements 19 and 20 in relation to the respective switch part 17 and 18.
(15) As shown in
(16) The first bus bar 21 and the second bus bar 22 shown in
(17) As shown in
(18) As shown in
(19)
(20) As shown in
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(22) A possible operation of the power distributor 1 shall be described hereafter based on
(23) Depending on the vehicle-side requirements with regard to the power distributor 1, this includes the base module 2 and the universal modules 3 and 4 shown in a top view in
(24) The base module 2, which in
(25) Within the base module 2, either one or both of the switch parts 17 and 18 can be prompted to switch the power supply, so that the voltage present at the power supply contact 16 is connected through to the directly adjoining bus bar contacting elements 19 and 20. In this way, the power being transmitted leaves the printed circuit board 15 at this location, and the entire electric power required for supplying the electrical loads connected to the respective second plug contact parts 25 and 26 is transported exclusively via the respective bus bar 21 and 22 along, and separately from, the printed circuit board 15. Due to the separate design and arrangement of the bus bars 21 and 22 in relation to the printed circuit board 15, a structural and spatial separation of the power transmission from the printed circuit board 15 is thus achieved, so that the same can have correspondingly fewer, or at least correspondingly smaller dimensioned, conductors.
(26) Via the respective plug contact pairs 8, which are each formed by one of the first plug contact parts 25 and 26 designed in one piece with the respective bus bar 21 and 22 and one of the second plug contact parts 27 and 28 disposed individually on the printed circuit board 15, the electric power diverted at the bus bar contacting elements 19 and 20 to the bus bars 21 and 22 is divided among the individual electrical loads connected to the second plug contact parts 27 and 28. This means that each individual second plug contact part 27 and 28 has to transmit only the electric power required for supplying the respective electrical load connected thereto. This accordingly low share of the overall electric power is transmitted from the respective bus bar 21 and 22 via the respective first plug contact part 25 and 26, the plug-in fuse 11 plugged onto the formed plug contact pair 8, and the respective second plug contact part 27 and 28 to the individual electrical loads.
(27) The electric power distributor 1 according to the present disclosure can be modified in a variety of ways. For example, it is contemplated that multiple universal modules are provided, which comprise a printed circuit board 15. Each universal module 3 and 4, and each (expansion) universal module, can exclusively be provided with electrical or electronic components, for example without a dedicated printed circuit board.
(28) For diagnosing an electrical connection of the electrical loads, appropriate measuring devices and/or evaluation devices, for example for current measurement for the purpose of detecting an excess current or short circuit, or for arc detection, can be provided on the printed circuit board 15. For this purpose, appropriate conductors may be formed on the printed circuit board 15, among other things, to the second plug contact parts 27 and 28 designed as individual contact elements.
(29)
(30) The power distributor 1 may furthermore comprise a second printed circuit board 34 including a number of electronic fuses 35, 36, 37. The electronic fuses 35, 36, 37 are configured to electrically supply a respective electrical load 51, 52 and activate the corresponding power supply. For this purpose, the electronic fuses 35, 37 are connected via a further bus bar 38 disposed separately from the second printed circuit board 34. A plurality of further first plug contact parts are disposed or formed on the further bus bar 38, and thus are electrically connected to the further bus bar 38. The further first plug contact parts, together with a respective associated further second plug contact part 39 disposed on the second printed circuit board 34, in each case forms a plug contact pair 40. The plug contact pairs 40 are connected to each other via the electronic fuse 35, 37.
(31) The plurality of electronic fuses 35, 36, 37 are connected via control lines to a control unit 42. These are generally bidirectional communication lines, so that these are used to transmit both status information about the electronic fuse 35, 36, 37 to the control unit 42, and control commands from the control unit 42 to the electronic fuses 35, 36 37. Depending on the exemplary embodiment, the control lines are analog or digital control lines, which can also be implemented as bus lines, such as CAN bus.
(32) The control unit 42 is connected to a vehicle communication network 44 via an optional communication interface 41. Manufacturing-related advantages may be provided if the communication interface 41 is designed to be contactless, as in the shown exemplary embodiment. In different variants, capacitive, inductive or optical transmission methods are employed.
(33) In the exemplary embodiment shown in
(34) The redundancy bus bar 47 is electrically connected to the electronic fuses 36, 37 of the second printed circuit board 34.
(35) Electrical loads 50, 51, 52 are now connected to the power distributor 1 based on the type of the load 50, 51, 52.
(36) An additional, optional feature of the power distributor 1 is the temperature monitoring device 49. In the shown exemplary embodiment, this is integrated into the control unit 42. Sub-functions can also be assigned to the electronic fuses 35, 36, 37.
(37) As described in greater detail above, one property of the power distributor 1 is modularity. The power distributor 1 can be expanded by further universal modules, for example comparable to the printed circuit board 15 and all connections implemented here, and by further intelligent modules, such as the printed circuit board 34 described here in detail comprising the electronic fuses 35, 36, 37 and the control unit 42.
(38) In one exemplary embodiment (not shown in the figures), the power distributor 1 comprises at least two printed circuit boards 34. An electrical load 51, 52, which represents a functional safety-relevant load, is connected via an electronic fuse 37 of the first printed circuit board 34, and via an electronic fuse 37 of the second printed circuit board 34, both to the primary power supply 46 and to the secondary power supply 48. This configuration may improve functional safety if, via the first printed circuit board 34, a supply is provided via the primary power supply 46, and via the second printed circuit board 34, a supply is provided via the secondary power supply 48. In this way, a functional safety-relevant load 51, 52 is connected to an electronic fuse 35, 37 of the first printed circuit board 34 and, via an electronic fuse 36, 37 of the second printed circuit board 34, to the power supply 46 or power supply 48. Thus, the failure of an individual control unit 42 may not result in the complete failure of the supply of the electrical loads 51, 52.
(39) Deviating from the illustrated exemplary embodiments, the electric/electronic power distributor 1 according to the invention can be modified in a variety of ways. The following examples represent variants that a person skilled in the art would consider in the course of the stated problem. For example, mechanical fuses can be provided on the printed circuit board 15, such as in the form of fusible cutouts. Instead of lamella contacts, non-detachable connections are also in part contemplated from a manufacturing point of view, for example by way of joining or welding. The number of printed circuit boards 15, 34 may be increased in the spirit of modularity, both in the conventional field and in the special field for functional safety.
(40) While the present disclosure is illustrated and described in detail according to the above embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments and additional embodiments may be implemented. Further, other embodiments and various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of one or more embodiments disclosed herein, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
(41) 1 electric/electronic power distributor 2 base module 3 universal module 4 universal module 5 module contacting element 6 mating contact element 7 fastening eyelet 8 plug contact pair 9 plug contact pair 10 plug contact pair 11 electrical fuse 12 electrical fuse 13 electrical fuse 14 housing 15 printed circuit board 16 power supply contact 17 first switch part 18 second switch part 19 first bus bar contacting element 20 second bus bar contacting element 21 first bus bar 22 second bus bar 23 first printed circuit board contacting element 24 second printed circuit board contacting element 25 first plug contact part 26 first plug contact part 27 second plug contact part 28 second plug contact part 29 contact tab 30 contact tab 31 electrical line 32 plug connector 33 socket 34 second printed circuit board 35 electronic fuse 36 electronic fuse 37 electronic fuse 38 further bus bar 39 further second plug contact part 40 plug contact pair 41 communication interface 42 control unit 43 higher-level control device 44 vehicle communication network 45 supply bus bar 46 primary power supply 47 redundancy bus bar 48 secondary power supply 49 temperature monitoring device 50 first (conventional) load, electrical load 51 second (functional safety) load, electrical load 52 third (functional safety) load, electrical load