Filing bags with adjustment of opening/closing travel of bag-holder valves

Abstract

An apparatus is for filling bags having a bag mouth extending in a direction of width with loose material. The apparatus includes grippers, suction cups, valves, and a pair of first carriages. The grippers are for gripping opposite edges of a bag, which are arranged opposite each other relative to a vertical axis of symmetry and are movable symmetrically towards and/or away from each other with respect to said vertical axis of symmetry in a direction parallel to the direction of width of the bag. The suction cups are for gripping side portions of the bag. The suction cups are movable symmetrically towards and/or away from each other along a direction perpendicular to the direction of width of the bag for opening and/or gripping the bag mouth of the bag. The valves can rotate from a closing position outside the bag into an opening position inside the bag mouth.

Claims

1. An apparatus for filling bags having a bag mouth extending in a direction of width with loose material, the apparatus comprising: grippers for gripping opposite edges of a bag, which are arranged opposite each other relative to a vertical axis of symmetry, in a direction parallel to the direction of width of the bag; suction cups for gripping side portions of the bag, the suction cups movable symmetrically towards and/or away from each other along a direction perpendicular to the direction of width of the bag for opening and/or gripping the bag mouth of the bag, valves rotating from a closing position outside the bag into an opening position inside the bag mouth of the bag, a pair of first carriages arranged opposite each other and movable in the direction of width of the bag symmetrically with respect to the vertical central axis of symmetry, from a minimum and/or maximum spaced position to a maximum and/or minimum spaced position, wherein fixed to each first carriage is a flange extending in the direction of width of the bag towards the vertical axis of symmetry and designed to form an adjustable stop surface for end-of-travel of rotation for opening and entry into the bag mouth of the valves, wherein each of the grippers for gripping opposite edges of the bag is supported on a respective one of the carriages, and wherein the grippers are moveable relative to the first carriages, symmetrically towards and/or away from each other with respect to said vertical axis of symmetry in a direction parallel to the direction of width of the bag; wherein an initial relative distance with respect to the vertical axis of symmetry between the flange and the respective grippers is constant and independent of the width of the bag, and movements for initial positioning of the two first carriages, the flange for the rotation of the valves, and the grippers for gripping edges of the bag are coordinated and performed by a single start-of-cycle command depending on the width-wise dimension of the bag.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bag mouth is situated at a height in the vertical direction lower than that of bottom edges of the valves in the closing position.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a travel of said first carriages is programmable at a start of a cycle depending on the width of the bag.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each first carriage has a respective guide, which extends parallel to the direction of width and supports a respective second carriage for supporting the grippers, which is displaceable in the direction of width symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis of symmetry.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a travel of said second carriages is fixed and independent of the width of the bag.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the valves are hinged on a respective pin about which they rotate in both opening and/or closing directions upon operation of a cylinder which is fixed to a structure of the apparatus and a rod of which is pivotably mounted on one side of the valve.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said first carriages are displaceable on rollers engaged on a fixed guide extending parallel to the direction of width and joined together with a structure of the apparatus.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein movement of the first carriages is performed by a gearmotor which rotationally drives a threaded bar on which two lead screw brackets respectively integral with one or the other of the two first carriages are engaged.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the threaded bar has sections on opposite sides of the axis of symmetry with oppositely wound threading.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said grippers have jaws movable so as to open and/or close in the direction perpendicular to the direction of width for gripping and/or releasing the side edges of the mouth of the bag, opening and/or closing of the jaws being performed by a rod suitably displaced by a cylinder in turn integral with the first carriage.

11. A method for adjusting a relative engagement between a bag mouth of a bag and valves of a filling apparatus for filling bags with loose material, the filling apparatus comprising: grippers for gripping opposite edges of the bag, which are arranged opposite each other relative to a vertical axis of symmetry and movable symmetrically towards and/or away from each other with respect to said axis in the direction parallel to direction of width of the bag; suction cups for gripping side portions of the bag, the suction cups movable symmetrically towards and/or away from each other along the direction perpendicular to the direction of the width of the bag for opening and/or gripping the mouth of the bag, a bag-holder device with valves rotating from a closing position outside the bag into an opening position inside the mouth of the bag, flanges arranged opposite each other and extending in the direction of width of the bag towards the axis of symmetry and designed to form an end-of-travel stop surface for opening rotation and entry into the bag mouth of the valves of the bag-holder device, wherein the flanges for rotation of the valves and the grippers for griping the edges of the bag are mounted on respective first carriages arranged opposite each other and movable, in the direction of width of the bag symmetrically with respect to the vertical central axis of symmetry, from a minimum and/or maximum mutually spaced position to a maximum and/or minimum mutually spaced position, the method comprising: determining the width of the bag to be fed to the filling station; symmetrically positioning, by displacing the first carriages, said flanges for the valves at a relative distance so as to determine opening of the valves in the direction of the width of the bag, such as to ensure sealing contact between inner surfaces of the open mouth of the bag and the valves; symmetrically positioning the grippers for gripping opposite edges of the bag at a relative distance compatible with the width of the bag in order to perform gripping thereof; feeding the bag to the filling station at a height lower than that of a bottom edge of the valves in the closing position; gripping the opposite edges of the bag with the grippers; moving the suction cups symmetrically away from each other in the direction perpendicular to the width of the bag, to open the mouth of the bag; displacing the grippers towards each other in the direction parallel to the width of the bag and relative to the first carriages, so as to compensate for shortening of the width of the bag due to opening of its mouth; rotating the valves as far as the respective end-of-travel position; wherein an initial relative distance with respect to the axis of symmetry between the flanges and the grippers is constant and independent of the width of the bag; wherein opening of the valves causes their movement from a position outside and above the mouth of the bag to a position inside the latter and in close contact with the inner surfaces of the said mouth; and the movements for initial positioning of the flanges for rotation of the valves and the grippers for gripping edges of the bag are coordinated and performed by a single start-of-cycle command depending on the width-wise dimension of the bag.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

(1) Further details may be obtained from the following description of a non-limiting example of embodiment of the subject of the present subject matter, provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a schematic front view of an FFS machine according to the prior art;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a simplified diagram of the working sequence of the machine according to FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a front view of the apparatus for adjusting the bag-holder device according to the present subject matter;

(5) FIG. 4 shows front views, similar to that of FIG. 3, of the operating sequence of the apparatus for a first smaller width size of a bag;

(6) FIG. 5 shows schematic illustrations of the sequence for opening of the mouth of the bag according to FIG. 4 and entry inside it of the bag-holder valves; and

(7) FIG. 6 shows front views similar to that of FIG. 4 of the operating sequence of the apparatus for a second larger width size of a bag.

(8) Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(9) With reference to the figures and solely for easier description and without any limiting meaning, a set of three reference axes in a longitudinal direction Y-Y, parallel to the direction along which the width (L) of the bag is measured; transverse direction X-X, perpendicular to the preceding direction, for opening/closing the mouth of the bag; and vertical height-wise direction Z-Z, perpendicular to the other two directions and for the sake of convenience coinciding with the line traced by a central vertical plane of symmetry of the filling station R of the machine, a machine for filling bags according to the prior art is shown by way of example in FIG. 1 with an FFS machine (also indicated below by FRS) and includes a station F for forming a bag, a filling station R, and a station S for sealing.

(10) The station F can be for forming a bag 1 from a tubular material 101, which can be wound on a reel 101a and unwound.

(11) The filling station R can include: a hopper 110 for containing/feeding the material to be packaged in a bag; grippers 112 for gripping the opposite (in the longitudinal direction Y-Y) vertical edges 1b of the mouth 1a of the bag 1; suction cups 113 for gripping the opposite (in the transverse direction X-X) side portions 1c of the bag; and a bag-holder device with valves rotating from a rotated closing position, situated above the mouth of the bag, into a rotated opening position, inside the mouth of the bag and making sealing contact with its side portions.

(12) The station S can be for sealing the mouth of the bag once it has been closed and a conveyor 115 for conveying the filled and sealed bag away from the machine.

(13) With reference to FIGS. 3-6, the apparatus for adjusting opening of the bag mouth and adjusting the travel of the valves 301 of the bag-holder device according to the present subject matter can include: a device 200 for adjusting the distance from each other of said gripping grippers 112, comprising: a fixed guide 201 extending in the transverse direction Y-Y and joined to the structure 20 of the machine; a pair of first carriages 210 situated opposite each other and movable symmetrically with respect to the vertical central axis Z-Z, for example by means of rollers 211 travelling on said guide 201; each first carriage 210 is integral with a lead screw bracket 212 which is displaced on a threaded bar 213 rotated upon operation of a gearmotor 214; the threaded bar 213 has sections 213a and 213b which are situated opposite to each other relative to the axis of symmetry Z-Z and with opposite threading relative to each other so as to produce a relative symmetrical movement of the two carriages 210 towards/away from each other; each first carriage 210 also has fixed to it, in a bottom position, a flange 215 for providing an end-of-travel stop during opening of the valves 301, as will become clearer below; the flange can have a section 215a which is inclined downwards and towards the axis of symmetry Z-Z. each first carriage 210 also can have fixed to it one of the grippers 112 for gripping the opposite edges of the bag in the longitudinal direction Y-Y with jaws 112a, which can be movable so as to open/close in the longitudinal direction X-X in order to grip/release the vertical edges 1b of the mouth 1a of the bag; opening/closing of the jaws being performed by actuating means for example consisting of the rod 120 suitably displaced by a cylinder in turn connected to the respective carriage 210; each gripper 112 can have a body 112b, which can be joined to a respective second carriage 130, displaceable in the longitudinal direction Y-Y symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis Z-Z of symmetry by means of rollers 132, which can travel along a respective longitudinal guide 131 fixed to one of the two first carriages 210 to bring the grippers from a position spaced from each other into a position close together; in some implementations, the displacement of the second carriages 130 can be programmable and can be set at the start of the cycle; the valves 301 are hinged on a respective pin 301a about which they rotate in the two clockwise/anti-clockwise directions upon operation of a respective cylinder 310, which is fixed to the structure of the machine and the rod 310a of which is pivotably mounted on one side of the said valve 301.

(14) According to the present subject matter, the movements for positioning the two first carriages 210, of the end-of-travel flanges 215 for rotation of the valves 301 and of the grippers 112, 112a for gripping the edges 1b of the bag 1 are coordinated and performed by means of a single start-of-cycle command depending on the width-wise dimension (L) of the bag 1. With this configuration and with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the operating principle of the apparatus for a bag of smaller width L indicated only by way of example as 180 mm is as follows: depending on the predetermined width dimension in the longitudinal direction Y-Y of the bag 1, the gearmotor 214 is operated so as to move the first carriages 210 into a position where the end-of-travel stop flanges 215 will cause a predefined opening, in the longitudinal direction Y-Y, of the valves 301 such as to ensure a sealed contact between the inner surfaces of the open mouth 1a of the bag 1 and the said valves; at the same time the grippers 112 are moved by the respective second carriage 130 into a maximum symmetrically mutually spaced position such as to close onto the vertical side edges 1b of the bag 1 (FIG. 6a); once gripping has been performed, the suction cups 133 are activated and, moving symmetrically away from each other in the transverse direction X-X, open the mouth 1a of the bag; during this opening movement, the grippers 112 are displaced, towards each other along longitudinal direction Y-Y, in a manner synchronized with the movement of the suction cups away from each other so as to compensate for shortening of the width of the bag following opening of its mouth; once the bag mouth opening step has been completed the cylinder 310 is operated so as to recall into the open position the valves 301 which rotate (in an anti-clockwise position in the example shown) as far as the end-of-travel stop defined by the flanges 215, in which position the valves come into sealing contact with the mouth of the bag allowing filling of the bag without any spillage and subsequent sealing and conveying of the bag out of the machine can be performed.

(15) As shown in FIG. 6, should there be a variation in the width of the bag 1, whose width L is indicated as 350 mm, the gearmotor 214 will be activated and, by means of the screw 213 and the lead screw brackets 212, will cause a relative displacement of the first carriages 210 with respect to the axis of symmetry Z-Z so that the jaws 112a of the grippers 112 are moved into a position such as to close onto the vertical side edges 1b of the bag 1 (FIG. 6a); correspondingly, the end-of-travel stop flanges 215 assume a new position spaced from each other with respect to the vertical axis of symmetry Z-Z, so as to produce a greater opening movement of the valves 310 (FIG. 6b) corresponding to the bigger size of the mouth 1a of the bag.

(16) In this way, once the bag mouth has been opened with a sequence similar to that described with reference to FIG. 5, the valves 301 will be able to enter into the mouth 1a of the bag, ensuring again the relative sealed contact between the bag walls and said valves.

(17) As a result of the adjusting apparatus according to some implementations of the present subject matter, it is possible to adapt rapidly and without the need for disassembly and reassembly of the filling station components the relative engagement between bag mouth and bag-holder device upon variation in the width L of the bag itself. Owing to the possibility of keeping constant at the start of the cycle, the relative position with respect to the axis of symmetry Z-Z of the grippers for gripping the side edges 1b of the bag 1 and the end-of-travel flanges 215 for the open valves 301, as well as the movement towards each other of the grippers for gripping the edges of the bag during opening of its mouth, it is possible to ensure the sealed contact between the valves and the inner surfaces of the bag mouth for any size of the bag and without the need for structural modification of the filling station; the opening cross-section of the bag-holder device can be defined depending on the size of the bag without adversely affecting the hourly production efficiency of the machine.

(18) As shown in FIGS. 4b and 6b and bearing in mind that the bag reaches the filling station at a height lower than that of the bag-holder device in order to avoid relative mechanical interference, with the apparatus according to the present subject matter, in which rotation of the valves until they make contact with the end-of-travel flanges also causes entry of the valves inside the bag, it is possible to avoid the need for means designed to move the entire bag-holder device or filling station in the vertical direction Z-Z with advantages of overall volume, speed and cost-savings.

(19) In addition, some example implementations of the filling station are able to function without the need for structural modifications equally well for normal bags or bags with a gusset since the latter is no longer involved in opening of the mouth, being kept always in the closed/compressed condition by the gripping grippers.

(20) The programming/control/actuating sequences may also be controlled by a programming device 1000 equipped with an interface for the user who may define the displacement distances of the first carriages 210 and the second carriages 130 of the grippers 112.

(21) Some example implementations of the present subject matter may be applied to filling machines for which the bags are pre-formed and stacked inside a store, which is associated with the machine, and from which they are removed and conveyed to the filling station. In this case the longitudinal direction Y-Y of the bag width and transverse direction X-X of the mouth opening are normally reversed compared to FIG. 2, without, however, this altering operation of the apparatus which remains the same.

(22) In some example implementations, the movements of various parts and associated actuating operations may be replaced by technically equivalent solutions such that the displacements could be replaced by rotations and the cylinders of the valves and the second carriage can be replaced by controlled electrical actuating systems.

(23) The measurements indicated for the width L of the bag are provided purely by way of example and are not limiting in any way.

(24) Although described in connection with a number of embodiments and a number of preferred examples of embodiment of the present subject matter, it is understood that the scope of protection of any patent issuing from this disclosure will be determined solely by the claims.