Vibration and noise damper

Abstract

A vibration and noise damper for wheels of rail vehicles, to which wheels it is fastened with screws, pins, or rivets, which comprises of at least two segments formed by a supporting part (2) for gripping to the wheel (1), a pushing part (3) and a damping part (4), where the pushing part (3) is connected by means of bolts (9) with the supporting part (2) and is formed either by a single metal or composite element, or it is directly integral part of the damping part (4) and where the damping part (4) is formed in the direction away from the wheel (1) rim of a strain pliable metal or composite layer (4a), of a viscoelastic layer (4b), and possibly of other metal or composite layer (4c), wherein in compressed state the damping part (4) is placed between the pushing part (3) and the wheel (1) rim. Preferably, the supporting part (2) is formed of metal or composite material. Also preferable is the embodiment when thermally insulating pads (5) are arranged between the supporting part (2) and the wheel (1) and/or between the fastening material for attaching the supporting part (2) to the wheel (1) and the wheel (1). The viscoelastic layer (4b) in the damping part (4) can comprise glass fibers and/or ceramic fibers and can be provided with a set of holes (4d) and/or radial cuts (4e) of various shape, wherein their number, size and arrangement are different for individual designs of the dampers in relevance to their shape.

Claims

1. A vibration and noise damper configured for wheels of rail vehicles, to which wheels it is fastenable with screws, pins, or rivets, the vibration and noise damper comprising: at least two segments formed by a supporting part configured to grip a wheel rim, a pushing part radially movable toward a circumferential surface of the wheel rim when the supporting part grips the wheel rim, and a damping part arranged to be between the pushing part and the circumferential surface of the wheel rim when the damper grips the wheel rim, wherein the pushing part is directly integrated with the damping part, or is connected by means of bolts only with the supporting part, wherein the pushing part is formed either by a single metal element or by a composite element, wherein the damping part includes, arranged in a direction away from the circumferential surface of the wheel rim, a first, strain pliable, metal or composite layer, and a second, viscoelastic layer, wherein, the damping part is compressible relative to the supporting part when the supporting part grips the wheel rim and the pushing part is radially moved toward the circumferential surface of the wheel rim, and wherein, in a compressed state, the damping part presses closely and directly to the circumferential surface of the wheel rim against which the damping part is pushed by the pushing part.

2. The vibration and noise damper of claim 1, wherein thermally insulating pads are arranged between the supporting part and the wheel rim and/or between the fastening material for attaching the supporting part to the wheel rim and the wheel rim.

3. The vibration and noise damper of claim 1, wherein the second, viscoelastic layer in the damping part comprises glass fibres and/or ceramic fibres.

4. The vibration and noise damper of claim 1, wherein the second, viscoelastic layer in the damping part is provided with a set of holes.

5. The vibration and noise damper of claim 1, wherein the second, viscoelastic layer of the damping part is provided with a plurality of radial cuts.

6. The vibration and noise damper of claim 1, wherein the damping part further includes a third metal or composite layer.

7. The vibration and noise damper of claim 1, further comprising at least one bolt that is movable relative to the supporting part against the damping part to radially move the pushing part and compress the damping part when the supporting part grips the wheel rim.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The technical solution of the dampers is illustrated in greater detail in FIGS. 1 to 5. The Figures show different designs of the vibration and noise damper.

EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENTS

Example 1

(2) The exemplary embodiment of a noise and vibration damper for the wheels of rail vehicles according to FIG. 1 comprises a supporting part 2, a damping part 4, the first coupling bolts 6, the thermally insulating pads 5, and the second coupling bolts 9.

(3) The damping part 4 comprises a strain pliable first metal layer 4a, a viscoelastic layer 4b, a second metal layer 3, and is provided with holes 4d. Eight segments of the damper are placed evenly on the circumference of the wheel 1.

(4) The supporting part 2 is formed of metallic material and is joined with the wheel via through holes in the wheel 1 by means of the first coupling bolts 6.

(5) The second metal layer 3 of the damping part 4 fulfils also the function of the pushing part of the damper.

(6) The supporting part 2 and the first coupling bolts 6 are thermally insulated from the wheel 1 by thermally insulating pads 5.

(7) The individual layers of the damping part 4 are joined by gluing.

(8) The viscoelastic layer 4b comprises ceramic fibres.

(9) The preloading of the damping, part 4 with the aim to maximize damping by friction in the contact of the strain pliable first metal layer 4a with the rim of wheel 1 is realized by deformation pressing by means of the second coupling bolts 9.

(10) By pressing of the damping part 4 the strain pliable first metal layer 4a abuts on the rim of wheel 1.

Example 2

(11) The exemplary embodiment of a noise and vibration damper for the wheels of rail vehicles according to FIG. 2 comprises a supporting part 2, a damping part 4, the first coupling bolts 6, the thermally insulating pads 5, the second coupling bolts 9, and the springs 8.

(12) The damping part 4 comprises a strain pliable first metal layer 4a, a viscoelastic layer 4b, and a second metal layer 3. Eight segments of the damper are placed evenly on the circumference of the wheel 1.

(13) The supporting part 2 is formed of metallic material and is joined with the wheel via through holes in the wheel 1 by means of the first coupling bolts 6.

(14) The second metal layer 3 of the damping part 4 fulfils also the function of the pushing part of the damper.

(15) The supporting part 2 and the first coupling bolts 6 are thermally insulated from the wheel 1 by thermally insulating pads 5.

(16) The individual layers of the damping part 4 are joined by vulcanization.

(17) The viscoelastic layer 4b comprises glass and ceramic fibres.

(18) The preloading of the damping part 4 with the aim to maximize damping by friction in the contact of the strain pliable first metal layer 4a with the rim of wheel 1 is realized by deformation pressing by means of the second coupling bolts 9 and by means of springs 8, which are situated between the second coupling bolts 9 and the second metal layer 3 of the damping part 4, wherein the preloading of the springs 8 is set by their pressing.

(19) By pressing of the damping part 4 the strain pliable first metal layer 4a abuts on the rim of wheel 1.

Example 3

(20) The exemplary embodiment of a noise and vibration damper for the wheels of rail vehicles according to FIG. 3 comprises a supporting part 2, a pushing part 3, damping parts 4, the first coupling bolts 6, the thermally insulating pads 5, the second coupling bolts 9, the pins 7, the springs 8, and the damping layer 10.

(21) The damping part 4 comprises a strain pliable first metal layer 4a, a viscoelastic layer 4b, and a second metal layer 4c. Five segments of the damper are placed evenly on the circumference of the wheel 1.

(22) The supporting part 2 is formed of composite material and is joined with the wheel 1 via through holes in the wheel 1 by means of the first coupling bolts 6.

(23) A damping layer 10 of viscoelastic material is inserted between the supporting part 2 and the wheel 1.

(24) The supporting part 2 and the first coupling bolts 6 are thermally insulated from the wheel 1 by thermally insulating pads 5.

(25) The individual layers of the damping part 4 are joined by gluing.

(26) The viscoelastic layer 4b and the damping layer 10 comprise glass fibres.

(27) The damping part 4 is connected with the pushing part 3 by means of pins 7 and springs 8. The pushing part 3 is connected with the supporting part 2 by means of the second coupling bolts 9. The pushing part 3 provides binding and pushing of the damping part 4 to the rim of wheel 1 with regard to maximizing of damping by friction in contact of the strain pliable first metal layer 4a with the rim of wheel 1.

(28) By pressing of the damping part 4 the strain pliable first metal layer 4a abuts on the rim of wheel 1.

Example 4

(29) The exemplary embodiment of a noise and vibration damper for the wheels of rail vehicles according to FIG. 4 comprises a supporting part 2, a pushing or damping parts 4, mounting parts 11, the first coupling bolts 6, the thermally insulating pads 5, the second coupling bolts and the pins and the damping layer 10.

(30) The damping part 4 comprises a strain pliable first metal layer 4a, a viscoelastic layer 4b, and is provided with holes 4d and radial cuts 4e. Three segments of the damper are placed evenly on the circumference of the wheel 1.

(31) The supporting part 2 is formed of metallic material and is joined with the wheel 1 via through holes in the wheel 1 by means of the first coupling bolts 6.

(32) A damping layer 10 of viscoelastic material is inserted between the supporting part 2 and the wheel 1.

(33) The supporting part 2 and the first coupling bolts 6 are thermally insulated from the wheel 1 by thermally insulating pads 5.

(34) The individual layers of the damping part 4 are joined by vulcanization.

(35) The viscoelastic layer 4b and the damping layer 10 comprise ceramic fibres.

(36) The damping part 4 is connected with the pushing part 3 by means of pins 7. Displacement of the pushing part 3 in radial direction of the wheel is realized by means of the mounting part 11 which is connected with the supporting part 2 by means of the second coupling bolts 9 and 12. The pushing part provides binding and pushing of the damping part 4 to the rim of wheel 1 with regard to maximizing of damping by friction in contact of the strain pliable first metal layer 4a with the rim of wheel 1.

(37) By pressing of the damping part 4 the strain pliable first metal layer 4a abuts on the rim of wheel 1.

INDUSTRIAL USE

(38) The individual designs of embodiments of the vibration and noise dampers are intended to be used preferably for wheels of rail vehicles but may be used for example in rotating discs, gear wheels, etc.