Spectacle lens and method, in particular 3D printing method, for the production thereof

Abstract

A spectacle lens has, starting from the object-sided front surface of the spectacle lens to the opposite rear-side of the spectacle lens, at least a) one component A including at least one functional layer F.sub.A and/or an ultrathin glass, b) one component B including at least one polymer material and, c) one component C, including at least one functional layer F and/or an ultrathin glass. A method, in particular a 3D printing method, for producing the spectacle lens is also disclosed.

Claims

1. A spectacle lens comprising, proceeding from a front face on an object side of the spectacle lens to an opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens, a component A, a component B, and a component C, wherein: a) the component A includes at least one of a functional layer or an ultrathin lens; b) the component B includes a polymeric material having a location-dependent refractive index distribution; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens; or a) the component A includes the ultrathin lens with an average thickness within a range of from 10 μm to 760 μm; b) the component B includes the polymeric material having a uniform refractive index; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens with the average thickness within the range of from 10 μm to 760 μm.

2. The spectacle lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrathin lens of component A or the ultrathin lens of the component C in each case have the average thickness of from 13 μm to 510 μm.

3. The spectacle lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrathin lens of the component A includes the functional layer on a front face and the ultrathin lens of the component C includes the functional layer on a reverse face.

4. The spectacle lens as claimed in claim 3, wherein the functional layer of the component A and the functional layer of the component C are each selected from the group consisting of an antireflection layer, an electrically conductive layer, a semiconductive layer, an antifog layer, and a clean-coat layer.

5. The spectacle lens as claimed in claim 3, wherein the front face of the ultrathin lens of the component A proceeding from the front face in an object direction, or the reverse face of the component C proceeding from the reverse face in an eye direction, is covered in each case by the following functional layers: a) optionally, an electrically conductive layer or a semiconductive layer; b) an antireflection layer; and c) an antifog layer, a clean-coat layer, or the antifog layer and the clean-coat layer.

6. The spectacle lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the functional layer of the component A and the functional layer of the component C are each selected from the group consisting of a hard lacquer layer, an antireflection layer, an antifog layer, a clean-coat layer, an electrically conductive layer, and a semiconductive layer.

7. A spectacle lens comprising, proceeding from a front face on an object side of the spectacle lens to an opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens, a component A, a component B, and a component C, wherein: a) the component A includes at least one of a functional layer or an ultrathin lens; b) the component B includes a polymeric material having a location-dependent refractive index distribution; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens; or a) the component A includes the ultrathin lens with an average thickness within a range of from 10 μm to 760 μm; b) the component B includes the polymeric material having a uniform refractive index; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens with the average thickness within the range of from 10 μm to 760 μm, wherein a surface topography of at least one of the ultrathin lens of the component A or the ultrathin lens of component C is selected from the group consisting of spherical, aspherical, toric, atoric, progressive, and planar.

8. A spectacle lens comprising, proceeding from a front face on an object side of the spectacle lens to an opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens, a component A, a component B, and a component C, wherein: a) the component A includes at least one of a functional layer or an ultrathin lens; b) the component B includes a polymeric material having a location-dependent refractive index distribution; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens; or a) the component A includes the ultrathin lens with an average thickness within a range of from 10 μm to 760 μm; b) the component B includes the polymeric material having a uniform refractive index; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens with the average thickness within the range of from 10 μm to 760 μm, wherein a surface topography of at least one of the ultrathin lens of the component A or the ultrathin lens of the component C is configured to achieve an optical correction effect of the spectacle lens, and wherein the polymeric material of the component B has the uniform refractive index.

9. The spectacle lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spectacle lens is configured to have an optical correction effect via a calculated location-dependent refractive index distribution within the component B.

10. A spectacle lens comprising, proceeding from a front face on an object side of the spectacle lens to an opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens, a component A, a component B, and a component C, wherein: a) the component A includes at least one of a functional layer or an ultrathin lens; b) the component B includes a polymeric material having a location-dependent refractive index distribution; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens; or a) the component A includes the ultrathin lens with an average thickness within a range of from 10 μm to 760 μm; b) the component B includes the polymeric material having a uniform refractive index; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens with the average thickness within the range of from 10 μm to 760 μm, wherein a surface topography of at least one of the ultrathin lens of the component A or the ultrathin lens of the component C is configured to achieve an optical correction effect of the spectacle lens, and wherein the component B has a calculated location-dependent refractive index distribution.

11. A spectacle lens comprising, proceeding from a front face on an object side of the spectacle lens to an opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens: a component A including an ultrathin lens; a component B including a polymeric material; and a component C including the ultrathin lens; wherein the spectacle lens is a monofocal spectacle lens, wherein a surface topography of a front face of the ultrathin lens of the component A is a same as the surface topography of a reverse face of the ultrathin lens of the component A, and is selected from the group consisting of spherical, toric, aspherical, and atoric, and wherein the surface topography of the front face of the ultrathin lens of the component C is the same as the surface topography of the reverse face of the ultrathin lens of the component C and is selected from the group consisting of spherical, toric, aspherical and atoric, and the polymeric material of the component B has a uniform refractive index or a location-dependent refractive index distribution, or wherein the spectacle lens is a monofocal spectacle lens, the surface topographies of the front face of the ultrathin lens of the component A, of the reverse face of the ultrathin lens of the component A, the front face of the ultrathin lens of the component C, and the reverse face of the ultrathin lens of component C are each planar and the polymeric material of the component B has a location-dependent refractive index distribution.

12. A spectacle lens comprising, proceeding from the front face on the object side of the spectacle lens to the opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens: a component A including at least an ultrathin lens; a component B including a polymeric material; and a component C including the ultrathin lens, wherein the spectacle lens is a varifocal spectacle lens, the surface topography of the front face of the component A is a same as the surface topography of the reverse face of the ultrathin lens of component A and is selected from the group consisting of spherical, toric, aspherical, atoric, and planar, and wherein the surface topography of the front face of the component C is the same as the surface topography of the reverse face of the ultrathin lens of the component C and is selected from the group consisting of spherical, toric, aspherical, atoric, and planar, and the polymeric material of component B has a location-dependent refractive index distribution or wherein the spectacle lens is a varifocal spectacle lens, and wherein the surface topographies of the front face of the component A, the reverse face of the ultrathin lens of component A, the front face of the component C, and the reverse face of the ultrathin lens of the component C are each progressive and the polymeric material of the component B has a uniform refractive index or a location-dependent refractive index distribution.

13. A spectacle lens comprising, proceeding from a front face on an object side of the spectacle lens to an opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens, a component A, a component B, and a component C, wherein: a) the component A includes at least one of a functional layer or an ultrathin lens; b) the component B includes a polymeric material having a location-dependent refractive index distribution; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens; or a) the component A includes the ultrathin lens with an average thickness within a range of from 10 μm to 760 μm; b) the component B includes the polymeric material having a uniform refractive index; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens with the average thickness within the range of from 10 μm to 760 μm, wherein, if the component B has the uniform refractive index, a difference in refractive indices between the component B and a directly adjoining functional layer or component is not greater than 0.3, and, if the component B has the location-dependent refractive index distribution, the average refractive index of the component B differs from the refractive index of the directly adjoining functional layer or component by not more than 0.3.

14. A spectacle lens comprising, proceeding from a front face on an object side of the spectacle lens to an opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens, a component A, a component B, and a component C, wherein: a) the component A includes at least one of a functional layer or an ultrathin lens; b) the component B includes a polymeric material having a location-dependent refractive index distribution; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens; or a) the component A includes the ultrathin lens with an average thickness within a range of from 10 μm to 760 μm; b) the component B includes the polymeric material having a uniform refractive index; and c) the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens with the average thickness within the range of from 10 μm to 760 μm, wherein, if component B has the uniform refractive index, a difference in refractive index of an adhesive between the component B and the refractive index of an adjoining adhesive is not greater than 0.3, and, if the component B has the location-dependent refractive index distribution, an average refractive index of the component B differs from the refractive index of the adjoining adhesive by not more than 0.3.

15. A process for producing a spectacle lens having, proceeding from a front face on an object side of the spectacle lens to an opposite reverse face of the spectacle lens, at least components A, B, and C, wherein the component A includes at least one of a functional layer or an ultrathin lens, the component B includes a polymeric material, and the component C includes at least one of the functional layer or the ultrathin lens, the process comprising: providing and optionally fixing the ultrathin lens of the component A or the ultrathin lens of the component C, or providing a support structure configured as a negative mold of a front face of the component B or of a reverse face of the component B; providing a three-dimensional model of the component B; digitally cutting the three-dimensional model of the component B into individual two-dimensional slices; providing a printing ink including a radiation-curable component; constructing the component B with a printing operation on one of the ultrathin lenses of the component A, the component C, or on the support structure as a sum total of the individual two-dimensional slices; curing the component B with ultraviolet (UV) light, wherein the curing is effected fully or partially after each application of individual volume elements or after application of a slice of volume elements, and the partial curing is completed on completion of the printing process; optionally, performing at least one of machining, grinding, turning, or polishing the surface of the component B that does not adjoin one of the ultrathin lens of the component A or the ultrathin lens of the component C or the support structure; bonding the reverse face of the component B of the spectacle lens to the front face of the ultrathin lens of the component C or coating the reverse face of the component B with the functional layer if the ultrathin lens of the component A has been provided; bonding the front face of the component B of the spectacle lens to the reverse face of the ultrathin lens of the component A or coating the front face of the component B with the functional layer if the ultrathin lens of the component C has been provided; or coating the front face of the component B with the functional layer and coating the reverse face of the component B with the functional layer in each case by a printing method or by spin-coating if the support structure has been provided; and edging the spectacle lens.

16. The process as claimed in claim 15, further comprising: bonding at least one the component A and the component B or the component B and the component C with an adhesive or with a bonding method.

17. The process as claimed in claim 15, wherein radii of curvature of at least one the component A and the component B or the component B and the component C to be bonded with an adhesive differ from one each other by less than 1 mm.

18. The process as claimed in claim 15, further comprising: bonding at least one the component A and the component B or the component B and the component C with an adhesive based on an amine-catalyzed thiol hardening of an epoxy resin.

19. The process as claimed in claim 15, wherein the printing ink comprises at least one radiation-curable component and optionally at least one colorant, and the radiation-curable component comprises at least one monomer from the group consisting of (meth)acrylate monomers, epoxy monomers, vinyl monomers and allyl monomers and a) i) a total proportion of at least one kind of monofunctional (meth)acrylate monomer is within a range from 0.0% by weight to 35.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the printing ink, or the total proportion of at least one kind of monofunctional epoxy monomer, vinyl monomer or allyl monomer or of a mixture of different monofunctional (meth)acrylate monomers, epoxy monomers, vinyl monomers or allyl monomers is in each case within a range from 0.0% by weight to 60% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the printing ink, and/or ii) the total proportion of at least one kind of difunctional (meth)acrylate monomer, epoxy monomer, vinyl monomer or allyl monomer or of a mixture of different difunctional (meth)acrylate monomers, epoxy monomers, vinyl monomers or allyl monomers is in each case within a range from 32.0% by weight to 99% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the printing ink, and/or iii) the total proportion of at least one kind of trifunctional (meth)acrylate monomer, epoxy monomer, vinyl monomer or allyl monomer or of a mixture of different trifunctional (meth)acrylate monomers, epoxy monomers, vinyl monomers or allyl monomers is in each case within a range from 1.0% by weight to 51.0% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the printing ink, and/or iv) the total proportion of at least one kind of tetrafunctional (meth)acrylate monomer, epoxy monomer, vinyl monomer or allyl monomer or of a mixture of different tetrafunctional (meth)acrylate monomers, epoxy monomers, vinyl monomers or allyl monomers is in each case within a range from 0% by weight to 16% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the printing ink, or b) the printing ink comprises at least one monofunctional radiation-curable component and at least one difunctional radiation-curable component in a weight ratio of 1:1 or at least one monofunctional radiation-curable component and at least one trifunctional radiation-curable component in the weight ratio of 1:5 or at least one difunctional radiation-curable component and at least one trifunctional radiation-curable component in the weight ratio of 1:1 or at least one difunctional radiation-curable component and at least one tetrafunctional radiation-curable component in the weight ratio of 5:1 or at least one monofunctional radiation-curable component and at least one difunctional radiation-curable component and at least one trifunctional radiation-curable component in the weight ratio of 1:5:1.

20. A method of constructing the component B of the spectacle lens according to claim 1, the method comprising: printing the component B with a printing ink, wherein the component B has a uniform refractive index or a location-dependent refractive index distribution.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The disclosure will now be described with reference to the drawings wherein:

(2) FIG. 1 shows the distribution of the average strength over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a first exemplary embodiment;

(3) FIG. 2 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a first exemplary embodiment;

(4) FIG. 3 shows the distribution of the average strength over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a second exemplary embodiment;

(5) FIG. 4 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a second exemplary embodiment;

(6) FIG. 5 shows the radial refractive index distribution within component B of a spectacle lens according to a second exemplary embodiment;

(7) FIG. 6 shows the distribution of the average strength over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens from example 3 in a diameter of 60 mm according to a third exemplary embodiment;

(8) FIG. 7 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a third exemplary embodiment;

(9) FIG. 8 shows the distribution of the average strength over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a fourth exemplary embodiment;

(10) FIG. 9 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a fourth exemplary embodiment;

(11) FIG. 10 shows the distribution of the average strength over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a fifth exemplary embodiment;

(12) FIG. 11 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference over the entire front face of a calculated spectacle lens according to a fifth exemplary embodiment; and

(13) FIG. 12 shows the refractive index distribution within component B of a spectacle lens according to a fifth exemplary embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

(14) There follows a detailed elucidation of the disclosure by some examples, but these do not restrict the disclosure.

(15) For each of the examples below:

(16) 1=front face V.sub.DA of the ultrathin lens of component A,

(17) 2=reverse face R.sub.DA of the ultrathin lens of component A=front face V.sub.B of component B,

(18) 3=reverse face R.sub.B of component B=front face V.sub.DC of the ultrathin lens of component C, and

(19) 4=reverse face R.sub.DC of the ultrathin lens of component C.

(20) The thickness of face 4 describes the distance from the center of rotation of the eye.

Example 1

(21) Calculation of a monofocal lens bounded by spherical surfaces with sph −4.0 D, in which a constant refractive index of n.sub.d=1.523 has been used for the ultrathin lenses of components A and C. Component B was likewise based on a constant refractive index of n.sub.d=1.523. Table 3 below illustrates the data of the spectacle lens-eye system.

(22) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Radius of curvature [mm] Thickness [mm] n.sub.d Diameter [mm] 1 120.44 0.1 1.523 60 2 120.44 1.0 1.523 60 3 62.58 0.1 1.523 60 4 62.58 25.sup.1)   1.0 60

(23) FIG. 1 shows the distribution of the average strength for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 1 in a diameter of 60 mm. The eye rotated here about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 1 also shows that the average strength of the spectacle lens changes from the middle toward the edge from sph −4.0 D to sph −3.2.

(24) FIG. 2 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 1 in a diameter of 60 mm. Here too, the eye rotated about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 2 also shows that this astigmatic difference increases from the middle toward the edge from 0.0 D to 0.3 D.

Example 2

(25) Calculation of a monofocal lens bounded by spherical surfaces with sph −4.5 D, in which a constant refractive index of n.sub.d=1.523 has been used for the ultrathin lenses of components A and C. Component B was based on a location-dependent calculated refractive index distribution (in table 4 below: GRIN (gradient index)). Table 4 below illustrates the data of the spectacle lens-eye system.

(26) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Radius of curvature [mm] Thickness [mm] n.sub.d Diameter [mm] 1 120.44 0.1 1.523 60 2 120.44 1.0 GRIN 60 3 62.58 0.1 1.523 60 4 62.58 25.sup.1)   1.0  60

(27) FIG. 3 shows the distribution of the average strength for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 2 in a diameter of 60 mm. The eye rotated here about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 3 also shows that the average strength of the spectacle lens changes from the middle toward the edge from sph −4.5 D to sph −3.8.

(28) FIG. 4 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 2 in a diameter of 60 mm. Here too, the eye rotated about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 4 also shows that this astigmatic difference in the middle is 0.0 D. When looking to the side, the astigmatic difference reaches a maximum value of 0.12 D.

(29) FIG. 5 shows the radial refractive index distribution within component B of the spectacle lens from example 2. The calculation of the radial refractive index distribution was based on the following formula: n.sub.d=1.523+c1+c2.Math.h.sup.2+c3.Math.h.sup.4+c4.Math.h.sup.6+c5.Math.h.sup.8, with

(30) c1=0.524136177.Math.10.sup.−1

(31) c2=0.496881618.Math.10.sup.−4

(32) c3=−0.108055871.Math.10.sup.−6

(33) c4=0.104110487.Math.10.sup.−9

(34) c5=−0.352329220.Math.10.sup.−13

(35) where: h.sup.2=x.sup.2+y.sup.2 (distance from the optical axis).

(36) As can be inferred from the FIGS. corresponding to example 2, the use of a location-dependent calculated refractive index distribution (gradient index, GRIN) brings about a change in strength of the spectacle lens from example 2 and a change in optical correction for the viewing eye, even though there has been no change in the surface topography of the ultrathin lenses of components A and C.

Example 3

(37) Calculation of a monofocal lens bounded by spherical surfaces with sph −4.4 D, in which a constant refractive index of n.sub.d=1.523 has been used for the ultrathin lenses of components A and C. Component B was likewise based on a constant refractive index of n.sub.d=1.5754. Table 5 below illustrates the data of the spectacle lens-eye system.

(38) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Radius of curvature [mm] Thickness [mm] n.sub.d Diameter [mm] 1 120.44 0.1 1.523 60 2 120.44 1.0 1.5754 60 3 62.58 0.1 1.523 60 4 62.58 25.sup.1)   1.0 60

(39) FIG. 6 shows the distribution of the average strength for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 3 in a diameter of 60 mm. The eye rotated here about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 6 also shows that the average strength of the spectacle lens changes from the middle toward the edge from sph −4.4 D to sph −3.6.

(40) FIG. 7 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 3 in a diameter of 60 mm. Here too, the eye rotated about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 7 also shows that this astigmatic difference increases from the middle toward the edge from 0.0 D to 0.3 D.

Example 4

(41) Calculation of a monofocal lens bounded by spherical surfaces with sph −4.0 D, in which a constant refractive index of n.sub.d=1.523 has been used for the ultrathin lenses of components A and C. Component B was likewise based on a constant refractive index of n.sub.d=1.660. Table 6 below illustrates the data of the spectacle lens-eye system.

(42) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Radius of curvature [mm] Thickness [mm] n.sub.d Diameter [mm] 1 102.90 0.1 1.523 60 2 102.90 1.0 1.660 60 3 63.21 0.1 1.523 60 4 63.21 25.sup.1)   1.0 60

(43) FIG. 8 shows the distribution of the average strength for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 4 in a diameter of 60 mm. The eye rotated here about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 8 also shows that the average strength of the spectacle lens changes from the middle toward the edge from sph −4.0 D to sph −3.1.

(44) FIG. 9 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 4 in a diameter of 60 mm. Here too, the eye rotated about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 9 also shows that this astigmatic difference increases from the middle toward the edge from 0.0 D to 0.3 D.

Example 5

(45) Calculation of a varifocal lens bounded by spherical surfaces and having spherical correction for distance vision of sph −4.0 D and having spherical correction for close vision of sph −3.0 D, in which a constant refractive index of n.sub.d=1.523 has been used for the ultrathin lenses of components A and C. Component B was based on a location-dependent calculated refractive index distribution (in table 7 below: GRIN (gradient index)). Table 7 below illustrates the data of the spectacle lens-eye system.

(46) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Radius of curvature [mm] Thickness [mm] n.sub.d Diameter [mm] 1 102.90 0.1 1.523 60 2 102.90 1.0 GRIN 60 3 63.21 0.1 1.523 60 4 63.21 25.sup.1)   1.0  60

(47) FIG. 10 shows the distribution of the average strength for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 5 in a diameter of 60 mm. The eye rotated here about the center of rotation of the eye. FIG. 10 also shows that the average strength of the spectacle lens, from the distance region to the close region, changes from spherical correction for distance vision of sph −4.0 D to spherical correction for close vision of sph −3.0.

(48) FIG. 11 shows the distribution of the astigmatic difference for the viewing eye of the spectacle wearer over the entire front face of the calculated spectacle lens from example 5 in a diameter of 60 mm. Here too, the eye rotated about the center of rotation of the eye. The astigmatic difference in distance vision is 0.0 D, and assumes a maximum value of 1.7 D at the edge of the spectacle lens.

(49) FIG. 12 shows the refractive index distribution within component B of the spectacle lens from example 5. The calculation of the radial refractive index distribution was based on the following formula: n.sub.d=1.66+c1+c3.Math.h.sup.2+c4.Math.h.sup.4+c5.Math.h.sup.6+c6.Math.h.sup.8+c12.Math.x.sup.2+c14.Math.y+c16.Math.y.sup.3, with

(50) c1=0.607519072.Math.10.sup.−2

(51) c3=−0.695183752.Math.10.sup.−4

(52) c4=0.252437173.Math.10.sup.−7

(53) c5=0.261202427.Math.10.sup.−10

(54) c6=−0.132339396.Math.10.sup.−13

(55) c12=0.310744312.Math.10.sup.−4

(56) c14=0.211793858.Math.10.sup.−2

(57) c16=−0.144639672.Math.10.sup.−7

(58) where: h.sup.2=x.sup.2+y.sup.2 (distance from the optical axis).

(59) As can be inferred from the FIGS. corresponding to example 5, the use of a location-dependent calculated refractive index distribution (gradient index, GRIN) brings about a continuous change in strength of the spectacle lens from distance vision to close vision and a distribution in the astigmatic difference. The result is thus a spectacle lens having varifocal lens properties.

(60) The foregoing description of the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure illustrates and describes the present invention. Additionally, the disclosure shows and describes only the exemplary embodiments but, as mentioned above, it is to be understood that the disclosure is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings and/or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art.

(61) The term “comprising” (and its grammatical variations) as used herein is used in the inclusive sense of “having” or “including” and not in the exclusive sense of “consisting only of.” The terms “a” and “the” as used herein are understood to encompass the plural as well as the singular.

(62) All publications, patents and patent applications cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference, and for any and all purposes, as if each individual publication, patent or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. In the case of inconsistencies, the present disclosure will prevail.