Abstract
A rain overflow basin for collecting and storing rainwater, mixed water, or wastewater, has an inflow, an outflow, a basin chamber, a basin spillway, which is equipped with a weir threshold and is connected downstream of the basin chamber. A drain discharges the basin spillway, and a purification device purifies water flowing from the basin chamber to the basin spillway. A retention wall between the basin chamber and the basin spillway dams up water accumulating in the basin chamber. Water draining from the basin chamber is dammed up in a storage space is between the retention wall and the weir threshold, to reach the basin spillway via the weir threshold. The retention wall includes a passage opening. A purification device extends into the basin chamber such that water draining from the basin chamber through the passage opening into the storage space flows through the retention element.
Claims
1. A rain overflow basin for collecting and storing water; comprising: an inflow; an outflow; a basin chamber; a basin spillway equipped with a weir threshold, the basin spillway being connected downstream of the basin chamber; a drain, which discharges the basin spillway; and a purification device for purifying the water flowing from the basin chamber to the basin spillway; a retention wall between the basin chamber and the basin spillway, the retention wall dams up water accumulating in the basin chamber; a storage space between the retention wall and the weir threshold, in which water draining from the basin chamber is dammed up, to pass via the weir threshold into the basin spillway; the retention wall defining a passage opening; and a movement-fixed retention element comprising a purification device, which extends into the basin chamber such that water draining from the basin chamber through the passage opening into the storage space flows through the retention element.
2. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein a vent is provided in the retention wall, so that water can flow from the inflow through the outlet into the basin chamber.
3. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retention wall has an upwardly extending first wall section and a second wall section, which is oriented toward the basin spillway.
4. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retention element extends from the passage opening into the basin chamber.
5. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein an inflow element, which extends into the basin chamber and opens into the at least one retention element, is arranged on the passage opening.
6. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retention element at least regionally has a round, polygonal, and/or slotted perforation.
7. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gradient is provided, which drops from the weir threshold toward the passage opening of the retention wall.
8. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein an emergency spillway is provided between the basin chamber and the basin spillway.
9. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sensor device is provided, and a degree of soiling of the retention elements is derived from measured data of the sensor device.
10. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 1, wherein multiple retention elements are provided and arranged in parallel to one another.
11. A rain overflow basin for collecting and storing water, comprising: an inflow; an outflow; a drain; a basin chamber a basin spillway, which is equipped with a weir threshold, and is connected downstream of the basin chamber; a clear water spillway having a drain, which is connected downstream of the basin chamber, the clear water spillway including an opening toward the basin chamber; a retention element is provided inside the basin chamber, which extends into the basin chamber; and water draining from the basin chamber through the opening into the clear water spillway flows through the retention element.
12. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 11, wherein an inflow device is provided in the region of the inflow from the basin chamber into the clear water spillway, wherein the inflow device has an entry and an exit, a flow direction of the water extends from the entry to the exit, the inflow device has an angled section, which is oriented essentially upward, and the exit is arranged below a water level location of the basin spillway on the angled section.
13. The rain overflow basin as claimed in claim 11, wherein the exit of the inflow device comprises multiple openings.
14. A method for renovating a rain overflow basin, the rain overflow basin comprising an inflow; an outflow; a basin chamber; a basin spillway, which is connected downstream of the basin chamber; and a drain, which discharges the basin spillway; the method comprising the following steps: providing a partition device in a region of the basin chamber, which forms a storage space, which is connected downstream of the basin chamber and upstream of the basin spillway; providing a passage between the inflow and the basin chamber by at least partially opening the partition device or by introducing a connecting device between the inflow and the basin chamber; creating at least one passage opening in the region of the partition device, which is used as a vent for water from the basin chamber to the storage space; and installing at least one retention element, which extends into the basin chamber, in a region of a passage opening, or installing an inflow element, which extends into the basin chamber, in a region of the passage opening, wherein a plurality of retention elements extend into the basin chamber from the inflow element.
15. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the method comprises a step of preparing a gradient inside the storage space, which drops from the weir threshold toward the passage opening of the wall.
16. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the method comprises a step of preparing an emergency spillway.
17. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein the method comprises a step of preparing a clear water spillway having an inflow device.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION ON THE BASIS OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0035] Advantageous embodiments of the present invention will be explained in greater detail on the basis of the figures of the drawings. In the figures:
[0036] FIG. 1 shows a simplified sectional illustration of a rain overflow basin having partition structure according to the prior art;
[0037] FIG. 2 shows a simplified sectional illustration of a first embodiment of the rain overflow basin according to the invention having emergency spillway;
[0038] FIG. 3a shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 1 after completed first renovation step;
[0039] FIG. 3b shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 3a after completed further renovation measures;
[0040] FIG. 3c shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 3b after completed further renovation measures;
[0041] FIG. 3d shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 3c after completed further renovation measures;
[0042] FIG. 3e shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 3d after completed further renovation measures;
[0043] FIG. 3f shows a simplified sectional illustration of a second embodiment of the rain overflow basin according to the invention;
[0044] FIG. 4 shows a simplified sectional illustration of a rain overflow basin without partition structure according to the prior art;
[0045] FIG. 5a shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 4 after completed first renovation step
[0046] FIG. 5b shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 6a after completed further renovation measures;
[0047] FIG. 5c shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 6b after completed further renovation measures;
[0048] FIG. 5d shows a simplified sectional illustration of a third embodiment of the rain overflow basin according to the invention;
[0049] FIG. 6 shows a simplified perspective top view of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 3f;
[0050] FIG. 7 shows a simplified perspective top view of a fourth embodiment of the rain overflow basin according to the invention;
[0051] FIG. 8 shows a simplified sectional illustration of the rain overflow basin from FIG. 2 having a clear water spillway according to the invention;
[0052] FIG. 9a shows a simplified sectional illustration of a clear water spillway according to the prior art, and
[0053] FIG. 9b shows a simplified sectional illustration of a clear water spillway according to the invention.
[0054] Reference number 36 in FIG. 1 denotes a rain overflow basin according to the prior art. The rain overflow basin 36 has an inflow 2, an outflow 3, a drain 4, and a basin chamber 5. The flow direction of the water typically occurs from the inflow 2 toward the outflow 3. The inflow 2 and the outflow 3 are arranged in this case on the partition structure 30. Furthermore, the partition structure 30 is separated via a threshold 31 from the basin chamber 5 and is separated via a weir threshold 6 from a basin spillway 7. The water is thus conducted in the partition structure 30 along the threshold 31 and the weir threshold 6 from the inflow 2 toward the outflow 3. A throttle device, for example, a throttle structure having throttle element or a throttle line (not shown in FIG. 1), can advantageously be connected downstream of the outflow 3. Furthermore, the drain 4, which is used to drain the water of the basin spillway 7, is connected downstream of the basin spillway 7.
[0055] The basin chamber 5 and the basin spillway 7 are hydraulically decoupled by the partition structure 30, i.e., the basin chamber 5 is arranged in the secondary connection. If the water level in the partition structure 30 rises above the height of the threshold 31, for example, as a consequence of a heavy rain event, the water flows from the partition structure 30 over the threshold 31 into the basin chamber 5. The basin chamber 5 is thus filled with water. If the water level rises in the course of the rain event, after the filling of the basin chamber 5, further up to the upper edge of the weir threshold 6, the water flows over the weir threshold 6 into the basin spillway 7. The water of the basin spillway 7 can be discharged via the drain 4, for example, into a downstream discharge channel, a body of water (receiving water), or the like. The water can be pumped back out of the basin chamber 5 via a pump (not shown in the figures of the drawing) and supplied to the sewer system.
[0056] After each completed rain event, pollutants can accumulate in the region of the partition structure 30, the basin chamber 5, and/or the basin spillway 7. To achieve soiling of the basin spillway 7 and also a coarse purification of the water flowing into the basin spillway 7 or the water flowing out of the basin spillway 7 to the drain 4, according to the prior art, for example (not shown in FIG. 1), rakes or screen devices are attached in the upper region of the weir threshold 6, which are used for pollutant retention.
[0057] Reference number 1 in FIG. 2 denotes a rain overflow basin according to the present invention. A preferably elongated, rigid, movement-fixed, and at least partially water-permeable retention element 11 is arranged inside the basin chamber 5. The retention element 11 has regions having a perforation 12, which can be embodied as round, polygonal, or slotted, so that a grating, screen, and/or net structure results. The perforation is preferably in the range of 4-10 mm4-10 mm. The surface regions equipped with a perforation 12 thus cause a purification of the water flowing through the perforation 12. The overall size of the surface of the retention element 11 equipped with a perforation 12 accordingly has an effect on its purification function.
[0058] The flow direction of the water from the inflow 2 occurs, in comparison to the rain overflow basin 1 from FIG. 1, directly from the inflow 2 toward the basin chamber 5. Furthermore, in the event of rising water level, the water flows from the basin chamber 5 through the retention element 11 into a storage space 10 and subsequently into the basin spillway 7. The storage space 10 is separated from the basin spillway 7 by the weir threshold 6. According to the present invention, the water, which flows from the inflow 2 through the basin chamber 5 toward the basin spillway 7, accordingly flows through the retention element 11. Pollutants which are located in the water are held back in this case on the surface of the retention element 11, whereby an effective purification of the water flowing to the basin spillway 7 is achieved. Remaining water can also advantageously be pumped via a pump (not shown in the figures) out of the basin chamber 5 again if needed and supplied to the sewer system.
[0059] An emergency spillway 15 can advantageously be provided if needed in the region of the retention wall 8, which is used for the discharge of the basin chamber 5. For the case in which the rain overflow basin 1 is utilized to capacity or there is a clog in the region of the retention element 11, the water can flow unpurified via the emergency spillway from the basin chamber 5 toward the basin spillway 7. The emergency spillway 15 is preferably arranged in this case above the dimension boundary of the rain overflow basin 1.
[0060] FIGS. 3a-3f describe a method for the renovation of a conventional rain overflow basin 36 according to FIG. 1 into a rain overflow basin 1 according to the invention. FIG. 3a shows a first renovation step of the rain overflow basin 1. In this case, firstly a passage or a continuous recess 32 is provided inside the threshold 31, which separates the partition structure 30 and the basin chamber 5 from one another. The recess 32 can extend in this case over the entire length of the threshold 31 or only over a certain region of the threshold 31. In this way, a hydraulic coupling of the partition structure 30 and the basin chamber 5 results. Only a partial section remains of the threshold 31, which can also be entirely removed depending on the embodiment of the rain overflow basin 1.
[0061] According to FIG. 3b, in a further renovation section, the upwardly extending remaining partial section of the threshold 31 is extended upward to the ceiling of the rain overflow basin 1, so that a first wall section 8a, which extends essentially perpendicularly and is closed on top, of a retention wall 8 results. Subsequently, in a further work step according to FIG. 3c, a second partition section or wall section 8b of the retention wall 8 is incorporated in the region of the partition structure 30 above the inflow 2, which is oriented from the wall section 8a toward the basin spillway 7 and can extend essentially horizontally, for example. The wall sections 8a and 8b of the retention wall 8 extend in this case at an angle to one another. A storage space 10, which is separated from the basin chamber 5 by the wall section 8a and from the inflow 2 by the wall section 8b, is formed by the angled retention wall 8. Furthermore, the storage space 10 is separated from the basin spillway 7 by the weir threshold 6.
[0062] In a further renovation step, according to FIG. 3d, a passage opening 9 is introduced into the retention wall, i.e., preferably into the wall section 8a, whereby a direct vent for water from the basin chamber 5 to the storage space 10 results. Furthermore, according to FIG. 3e, the storage space 10 can be equipped with a gradient 14, which drops from the weir threshold 6 toward the passage opening 9 of the retention wall 8 or the wall section 8a. The gradient 14 can be provided, for example, by means of an inlay or a casting compound, for example, screed or concrete, or can be an integral component of the wall section 8b. The gradient 14 prevents sedimentation procedures from taking place in the region of the storage space 10. It causes accumulating water in the region of the storage space 10 to flow back to the basin chamber 5 or the retention elements 11 again as soon as the water level in the storage space 10 or in the basin chamber 5 sinks. Pollutants in the region of the storage space 10 are flushed along the gradient 14 back into the basin chamber 5 by the reverse flow of the water.
[0063] According to FIG. 3f, the retention element 11 is attached with a frontal opening in the region of the passage opening 9. The end face of the retention element 11 opposite to the passage opening 9 is preferably closed. The retention element 11 can be attached by means of fasteners to the retention wall 8. The retention element 11 can also be located at least partially inside the passage opening 9. Moreover, fastening devices (not shown) can be provided, which fix the retention element 11 on the ceiling, on the walls, and/or on the floor of the rain overflow structure 1.
[0064] FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a rain overflow basin 36 according to the prior art in the main connection. The basin chamber 5 is filled with water directly from the inflow 2 in this case. For the case in which the basin chamber 5 is filled with water up to the upper or overflow edge of the weir threshold 6, the water passes over the weir threshold 6 into the basin spillway 7, which is subsequently discharged via the drain 4.
[0065] FIGS. 5a-5d describe a method for the renovation of the rain overflow basin 1 from FIG. 4 into a rain overflow basin 1 according to the present invention. In this case, according to FIG. 5a, a pipe 33 is laid in the basin chamber 5, to connect the inflow 2 and the outflow 3. The pipe 33 consists, for example, of FRP, PVC, PE, or the like and can be arranged on a bulk material 34, for example. Moreover, the pipe 33 has a branch 33a, which is used as a connection to the basin chamber 5. A pipe opening 33b oriented toward the basin chamber 5 is located on the branch 33a, through which the water passes from the inflow 2 through the pipe 33 directly into the basin chamber 5.
[0066] In a further work step according to FIG. 5b, the pipe 33 is embedded using a casting compound 35, for example, screed or concrete, so that an essentially horizontally extending surface or a wall results on the upper region of the casting compound 35, which forms the wall section 8b. In a further work step, a wall section 8a oriented upward from the wall section 8b is prepared, whereby a retention wall 8 results and the storage space 10 is established. Subsequently thereto, the retention wall 8 is provided, for example, in the region of the wall section 8a with a passage opening 9. A retention element 11, which is attached, for example, to the wall section 8a, is subsequently connected upstream of the passage opening 9. The retention element 11 corresponds to the retention element 11 of the first embodiment of the invention. Moreover, the storage space 10 can also be provided with a gradient 14, to avoid pollutants in the region of the storage space 10. Practically, the gradient 14 can also alternatively be manufactured as an integral component of the casting compound 35 and/or the wall section 8b in the work step of embedding the pipe 33. Furthermore, an emergency spillway 15 can be installed in the wall section 8a.
[0067] Alternatively or additionally, a sensor system can be provided, which can indicate a soiling of the retention element 11. For this purpose, for example, pressure load cells and/or water level meters 16 can be arranged in the region of the basin chamber 5, the storage space 10, and/or the basin spillway 7. For example, a water level meter 16 in the region of the basin chamber 5 and a water level meter (not shown for the sake of comprehensibility) in the region of the storage space 10 can respectively indicate the water level in the basin chamber 5 and in the storage space 10. A certain water level difference indicates a reduced water flow rate between basin chamber 5 and storage space 10 via the retention elements 11 in this case, wherein soiling of the retention element 11 can be concluded. As a result, a warning signal can be output, for example, at a central control center. The transmission of the warning signal can take place in practice via radio, a data line, or the like.
[0068] FIG. 6 shows a perspective top view of the rain overflow basin 1 according to the invention having a battery system made of multiple retention elements 11, which are each arranged on a passage opening 9 inside the wall section 8a. Due to the arrangement of multiple retention elements 11, the purification effect can be substantially increased in comparison to conventional constructions, by providing the largest possible total surface, which causes the purification effect, in the region of the basin chamber 5. Additional mechanical components, for example, rakes or screens along the weir threshold 6, which cause continuous purification, can thus be omitted.
[0069] The flow direction of the water is shown in FIG. 6 with black, partially dashed, arrows. The flow direction of the water generally occurs from the inflow 2 to the outflow 3. In the case of a sudden accumulation of water because of heavy rain, the water additionally flows from the inflow 2 through the passage openings or recess 32 into the basin chamber 5, whereby the basin chamber 5 is filled with water. As soon the basin chamber 5 is filled with water up to the height of the retention elements 11, the water flows through the water-permeable regions, which are provided with a perforation 12, of the retention elements 11 into the storage space 10. In this case, pollutants are held back on the surface of the retention elements 11, while the purified water passes through the passage openings 9 into the storage space 10 and is dammed up in the storage space 10. After the filling of the storage space 10, the water passes over the weir threshold 6 and passes into the basin spillway 7. From the basin spillway 7, the water can drain off via the drain 4, for example, into a discharge channel, a body of water, or the like. The storage space 10 is preferably equipped with a gradient 14, which is not shown in FIG. 6 for the sake of comprehensibility.
[0070] An alternative embodiment of the rain overflow basin 1 is shown in FIG. 7. The retention elements 11 are arranged in this case on a tubular inflow element 13, which extends from the wall section 8a into the basin chamber 5. By way of the embodiment of the rain overflow basin 1 according to FIG. 7, it is possible, depending on the geometry of the basin chamber 5, to provide an even larger space of the basin chamber 5 for the arrangement of retention elements 11.
[0071] FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of the rain overflow basin 1 according to the invention having a clear water spillway 17. The clear water spillway 17 is located in the region of the basin chamber 5. A retention element 26 is connected upstream from the clear water spillway 17 and a drain 18, which discharges the clear water spillway 17, is connected downstream. The clear water spillway is used to ensure a first discharge of the basin chamber 5 (for example, the first 25% of the discharge).
[0072] A clear water spillway 17 on a basin chamber 5 having a drain 8 is shown in FIG. 9a. The clear water spillway 17 is connected in this case to the basin chamber 5 via an outlet or slot 28. The slot 28 is oriented diagonally upward toward the clear water spillway 17, whereby the maximum water level location of the clear water spillway Wsp K is established at the edge of the slot 28 toward the clear water spillway 17. From the water level location Wsp K, the water flows via the slot 28 into the clear water spillway 17. The discharge of the basin chamber 5 occurs from the water level location Wsp K via the clear water spillway 17 and the drain 18. Upon reaching the water level location of the basin spillway Wsp B, i.e., with the overflow of the weir threshold 6 (cf., for example, FIG. 2), a discharge of the basin chamber 5 takes place via the basin spillway 7 or the drain 4, the clear water spillway 17, or the drain 18. The water of the clear water spillway 17 is purified in this case, for example, via sedimentation procedures in the region of the basin chamber 5, before it enters the clear water spillway 17. This purification effect is not sufficient in particular during heavy rain events having a high level of water accumulation.
[0073] FIG. 9b shows an embodiment of a clear water spillway 17 according to the invention. In this case, the clear water spillway 17 is connected to the basin chamber 5 via an inflow device 20, which is partially arranged in the region of an opening 19 in the wall of the clear water spillway 17. The inflow device 20 has an inlet 21 and an exit 22. The flow direction of the water occurs from the basin chamber 5 via the inlet 21 through the inflow device 20 toward the exit 22, which is located inside the clear water spillway 17. A retention element 26 equipped with a perforation 27 is connected upstream of the inlet 21 in this case. The water which flows from the basin chamber 5 toward the clear water spillway 17 is thus purified before the entry into the inflow device 20. The inflow device 20 is embodied as a pipe elbow having applied clarification slots or openings 23 and has an angled section 20a, which is located in the interior of the clear water spillway 17. The pipe elbow can be manufactured in this case, for example, from FRP, PVC, or PE pipe. According to FIG. 9b, the pipe elbow has the exit 22, which is formed by the multiple openings 23, at the upper end of the angled section 20a. The openings 23 are in turn located between webs 24 of the pipe elbow. The lower region of the exit openings 23 forms the water level location of the clear water spillway Wsp K. Upon rising over the water level location of the clear water spillway Wsp K, the clear water spillway 17 thus starts. The upper region of the outlet opening 23 is at the level of the water level location of the basin spillway Wsp B, i.e., the water level location from which the basin spillway 17 starts. Above the water level location Wsp B, the pipe elbow can extend closed on top or, according to FIG. 9b, can have a cap 25, which terminates the pipe elbow on top. The cap 25 is preferably arranged in this case in the region of the maximum water level location of the rain overflow basin Wsp max.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0074] 1 rain overflow basin [0075] 2 inflow [0076] 3 outflow [0077] 4 drain [0078] 5 basin chamber [0079] 6 weir threshold [0080] 6 basin spillway [0081] 7 retention wall [0082] 8a wall section [0083] 8b wall section [0084] 9 passage opening [0085] 10 storage space [0086] 11 retention element [0087] 12 perforation [0088] 13 inflow element [0089] 14 gradient [0090] 15 emergency spillway [0091] 16 water level meter [0092] 17 clear water spillway [0093] 18 drain [0094] 19 opening [0095] 20 inflow device [0096] 20a angled section [0097] 21 entry [0098] 22 exit [0099] 23 exit opening [0100] 24 web [0101] 25 cap [0102] 26 retention element [0103] 27 perforation [0104] 28 slot [0105] 30 partition structure [0106] 31 threshold [0107] 32 recess [0108] 33 pipe [0109] 33a branch [0110] 33b pipe opening [0111] 34 bulk material [0112] 35 casting compound [0113] 36 rain overflow basin according to the prior art [0114] Wsp K maximum water level clear water spillway [0115] Wsp B maximum water level basin spillway [0116] Wsp max maximum water level
