Wear indicator in a composite system of refractory ceramic stones

Abstract

The invention relates to a wear indicator (display) in a compound system made of fireproof (refractory) ceramic bricks.

Claims

1. Wear indicator in a compound system made of fireproof ceramic bricks (A) with the following characteristics: a.) the wear indicator consists of a set of at least two ceramic components (10.1, 10.2, 10. 3), b.) each component (10.1, 10.2, 10.3) features at least one surface segment with a three dimensional profile (P, N) from the group: bar, step, spike, bolt, pin, rib, pyramid, sawtooth, hole, channel, groove, prism, ellipse, pitch circle, wherein the profiles (P, N) of corresponding surface segments of adjacent components (10.1, 10.2, 10.3) complement one another in a form fitted manner, and with at least one profile (P, N) which, in a direction of wear (Y), downsizes in a direction (X, Z) perpendicular to the direction of wear (Y), c.) in the direction of wear (Y) of the components (10.1, 10.2, 10.3), the profiles (P, N) extend c1.) only over a partial length, or c2.) with a different geometry, or c3.) only over a partial length with a different geometry.

2. Wear indicator according to claim 1 with at least one profile (P, N) which, in the direct of wear (Y), enlarges in a direction (X, Z) perpendicular to the direction of wear (Y).

3. Wear indicator according to claim 1 wherein at least one component (10.1, 10.2, 10.3) changes its width (B), perpendicular to the direction of wear (Y), in the direction of wear (Y).

4. Wear indicator according to claim 1 wherein at least one component changes its height, perpendicular to the direction of wear (Y), in the direction of wear (Y).

5. Wear indicator according to claim 1 with a set of three components (10.1, 10.2, 10.3).

6. Industrial aggregate lined with fireproof ceramic bricks and comprising at least one wear indicator with the following characteristics: a) the wear indicator consists of a set of at least two ceramic components (10.1, 10.2, 10. 3), b) each component (10.1, 10.2, 10.3) features at least one surface segment with a three dimensional profile (P, N) from the group: bar, step, spike, bolt, pin, rib, pyramid, sawtooth, hole, channel, groove, prism, ellipse, pitch circle, wherein the profiles (P, N) of corresponding surface segments of adjacent components (10.1, 10.2, 10.3) complement one another in a form fitted manner, and with at least one profile (P, N) which, in a direction of wear (Y), downsizes in a direction (X, Z) perpendicular to the direction of wear (Y), c) in the direction of wear (Y) of the components (10.1, 10.2, 10.3), the profiles (P, N) extend c1.) only over a partial length, or c2.) with a different geometry, or c3.) only over a partial length with a different geometry.

7. Industrial aggregate according to claim 6 with multiple wear indicators of different shape.

Description

(1) The invention is further described in the following with the help of different embodiments. It is shown, each in a strongly schematic display, in

(2) FIG. 1: A three-part wear indicator in a perspective exploded view

(3) FIG. 2: a perspective exploded view of a second embodiment of a three-part wear indicator

(4) FIG. 3: the wear indicator according to FIG. 2 as part of a fireproof ceramic lining of a metallurgic vessel

(5) FIG. 4: a perspective exploded view of a two-part wear indicator

(6) In the figures, similar or similar acting elements (parts) of the wear indicator are labelled with the same reference characters.

(7) FIG. 1 shows a wear indicator according to the invention made of three components 10.1, 10.2, 10.3. For further explanation a coordinate cross is additionally drawn.

(8) The component 10.2 features the shape of a cross on its face S. A profile P with a rectangular cross section runs in the X-direction to the right and the left from the middle segment M which extends in the Z-direction.

(9) In the Y-direction the middle segment M widens conically in the Y-direction. The bar-like profiles P remain unchanged in the X-direction, but conically widen upwards and downwards in the Z-direction, in fact up to a step St1, which parts the component 10.2 in the Y-direction approximately in a 2/3:1/3 ratio.

(10) The segment which is longer in the Y-direction, which runs from the face S to the step St1, so at the hot side of the component 10.2, forms the segment of the component 10.2 which is allowed to wear, while the shorter segment, which is wider in the X-direction, defines the cold side of the component 10.2 and describes a minimum remaining thickness of the component 10.2 (in the Y-direction).

(11) The components 10.1 and 10.3 arranged at the right and left in FIG. 1 are formed correspondingly to the component 10.2 with their side surfaces, which are allocated to the component 10.2, so that the components 10.1, 10.2 and 10.2, 10.3 can be assembled in a form fitted manner. This is displayed for the components 10.1 and 10.2, while the components 10.2 and 10.3 are displayed folded apart, in order to make the corresponding profiles clearer. For example the component 10.3 features a groove N corresponding to the profile P of the component 10.2 as well as a step St2 analogue to the step St1.

(12) The embodiment according to FIG. 2 only differs to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 by the fact that that the bar-like profiles P at the component 10.2 and correspondingly the furrows N at the components 10.1 and 10.3 are missing. Apart from that the design and functioning of the wear indicator is identical.

(13) The set of components 10.1, 10.2 and 10.3 can form a part of a fireproof lining of a metallurgical vessel, which is displayed as a partial view of a tundish wall-lining in FIG. 3. Conventional lining bricks A can be seen at the left of component 10.1 as well as on the right of component 10.3. It can be seen, that the components 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 provide double the height (vertically, in the Z-direction of the coordinate system) of the adjacent bricks A of the lining. It is generally possible that the components (like 10.1, 10.2, 10.3) feature a height or width, which is a multiple, particularly an integer multiple, of the height or width of the normal lining bricks.

(14) It is easy for the operating personnel to recognize when the lining is worn to the wear zone marked as a wavy line V, because the width (in the X-direction) b at the hot end of the component 10.2 is widening to a width B at the cold end of the component 10.2.

(15) In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the wear part of the component 10.2 is designed differently from the face S to the area of the step St1, in factin a vertical cross sectiontriangularly so that overall the geometry of a prism is created for the segment, onto which a segment with a rectangular cross section follows at the cold end of the component 10.2.

(16) A pre-set wear limit can be detected optically when the wear brick 10.2 has changed its geometry from a triangle to a rectangle.

(17) With this wear indicator one further brick is sufficient for the wear set, which is again labelled 10.3 and whose geometry is corresponding to the geometry of the component 10.2, in fact with a, compared to the furrow N according to FIG. 1, much larger furrow N, which is designed as a channel with a triangular cross section.