SAFEGUARD AGENT AND USE THEREOF

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a safeguard agent and a use thereof. The present disclosure provides a safeguard agent consisting of component A and component B, and the molar ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:(1-4). The safeguard agent in the present disclosure can cool the protected space and heat sources, physically isolate heat sources, prevent burning or extinguish the flame in the space, suppress explosion, and effectively and continuously suppress and prevent reignition. Using the safeguard agent of the present disclosure as a suppression agent for battery thermal runaway can achieve the purpose of terminating thermal runaway after cooling, antiflaming, suppression, or extinguishing of a battery in thermal runaway, and more batteries can achieve constant voltage and good appearance without damage phenomena. For other batteries affected by heat in the space, the safeguard agent can also effectively prevent or suppress potential thermal runaway.

Claims

1. A safeguard agent, consisting of component A and component B; the component A is selected from one or more of a C.sub.5-C.sub.8 perfluoroalkane, a C.sub.5-C.sub.7 perfluorocycloalkane which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more trifluoromethyl groups, a C.sub.5-C.sub.8 fluoroalkane containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 hydrogen atoms, a C.sub.4-C.sub.7 perfluoroketone, a C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether, a C.sub.2-C.sub.6 perfluorocyclic ether which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.3 perfluoroalkyl groups and heptafluoro-2-(1,2,2-trifluoroethyleneoxy)propane; the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether contains at least 7 fluorine atoms; the component B is a C.sub.3-C.sub.5 bromofluoroalkene and/or a C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane; the bromofluoroalkene contains at least 2 fluorine atoms; the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane contains at least 4 fluorine atoms; the molar ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:(1-4).

2. The safeguard agent according to claim 1, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or more following conditions: (1) the safeguard agent is a cooling suppressant or an extinguishant; (2) the safeguard agent is used in a walled space, a sealed space or an enclosure, such as the walled space or the enclosure; (3) the safeguard agent is used to protect a battery or suppress energy that is continuously released from the battery during thermal runaway; (4) the molar ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:(2-4), such as 1:3; (5) the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane contains one iodine atom; (6) the C.sub.3-C.sub.5 bromofluoroalkene contains one bromine atom; (7) the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 perfluoroalkane is selected from perfluorohexane and/or perfluoroheptane; (8) the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 fluoroalkane containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 hydrogen atoms is decafluoropentane and/or monohydrotridecafluorohexane; (9) the C.sub.5-C.sub.7 perfluorocycloalkane which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more trifluoromethyl groups is dodecafluorocyclohexane and/or perfluoromethylcyclopentane; (10) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 perfluoroketone contains 1 or 2 carbonyl groups; (11) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether contains 1 or 2 oxygen atoms; (12) the C.sub.2-C.sub.6 perfluorocyclic ether which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.3 perfluoroalkyl groups contains one oxygen atom; (13) the C.sub.3-C.sub.5 bromofluoroalkene is selected from one or more of 3-bromo-3,3-difluoropropene, 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 3-bromo-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-pentafluoro-1-butene, 2-bromo-3,4,4,4-tetrafluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)but-1-ene and 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentene; (14) the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane is selected from one or more of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-iodoethane, iodo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and iodoperfluorobutane; (15) the boiling point of the component A is 20-85 C.; (16) the boiling point of the component B is 30-80 C.; (17) the molecular weight of the component A is 200-400 g/mol; (18) the molecular weight of the component B is 150-400 g/mol; (19) the latent heat of vaporization of the component A is 21.6-34.4 kJ/mol; and (20) the latent heat of vaporization of the component B is 24.2-33.2 kJ/mol.

3. The safeguard agent according to claim 2, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or more following conditions: (1) the battery is a battery that releases energy in seconds when thermal runaway occurs; (2) the perfluorohexane is perfluoro-n-hexane, perfluoro-2-methylpentane or perfluoro-2,3-dimethylbutane; (3) the perfluoroheptane is perfluoro-n-heptane; (4) the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 fluoroalkane containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 hydrogen atoms is ##STR00061## (5) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 perfluoroketone is 1,1,1,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)butan-2-one and/or perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone; (6) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether is selected from one or more of 2-(difluoro(methoxy)methyl)-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl difluoromethyl ether, methylnonafluorobutylether, heptafluoropropyl-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether, 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxypropane, 2-(difluoromethoxymethyl)-1, 1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)propane; (7) the C.sub.2-C.sub.6 perfluorocyclic ether which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.3 perfluoroalkyl groups is perfluorocycloheptyl ether or perfluoro-2-methyl-2,3-epoxypentane; (8) the C.sub.3-C.sub.5 bromofluoroalkene is selected from one or more of ##STR00062## (9) the iodoperfluorobutane is 1-iodoperfluorobutane and/or 2-iodononafluorobutane; (10) the boiling point of the component A is 25-75 C.; (11) the boiling point of the component B is 30-67 C.; (12) the molecular weight of the component A is 250-370 g/mol; (14) the molecular weight of the component B is 170-350 g/mol; (15) the latent heat of vaporization of the component A is 26-32 kJ/mol; and (16) the latent heat of vaporization of the component B is 28-33 kJ/mol.

4. The safeguard agent according to claim 3, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or more following conditions: (1) the battery is a lithium-ion battery that releases energy in seconds when thermal runaway occurs; the lithium-ion battery is preferably a ternary lithium battery, a lithium-cobalt battery or a lithium manganese battery; or the lithium-ion battery is a prismatic battery, a pouch battery or a cylinder battery; (2) the release mode of energy release during thermal runaway is heat generation, gas generation, burning or explosion; the thermal runaway can be caused by internal short circuit or external short circuit of the battery, which can be simulatively induced through nail penetration or heating experiment; (3) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether is selected from one or more of ##STR00063## (4) the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 perfluoroalkane is selected from one or more of ##STR00064## (5) the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane is selected from one or more of ##STR00065## (6) the boiling point of the component A is 48 C., 55 C., 49.2 C., 49.5 C., 60 C. or 72 C.; (7) the boiling point of the component B is 34 C. or 64-67 C.; (8) the molecular weight of the component A is 250 g/mol, 252 g/mol, 366 g/mol, 264 g/mol, 300 g/mol or 316 g/mol; (9) the molecular weight of the component B is 175 g/mol or 346 g/mol; (10) the latent heat of vaporization of the component A is 27.3 kJ/mol, 27.8 kJ/mol, 27.9 kJ/mol, 28.3 kJ/mol, 30.7 kJ/mol or 31.5 kJ/mol; and (11) the latent heat of vaporization of the component B is 30.6 kJ/mol or 29.6 kJ/mol.

5. The safeguard agent according to claim 1, wherein (1) the safeguard agent is used to suppress heat generation, gas generation, burning or explosion caused by thermal runaway of a battery; (2) the component A is selected from a C.sub.5-C.sub.7 perfluorocycloalkane which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more trifluoromethyl groups, a C.sub.4-C.sub.7 perfluoroketone, a C.sub.2-C.sub.4 perfluorocyclic ether which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.3 perfluoroalkyl groups and a C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether; the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether contains at least 7 fluorine atoms; (3) the component B is selected from a C.sub.3 bromofluoroalkene and/or a C.sub.4 iodoperfluoroalkane; and (4) the safeguard agent is a homogeneous liquid.

6. The safeguard agent according to claim 1, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or two of the following conditions: (1) the component A is selected from one or more of ##STR00066## ##STR00067## ##STR00068## and (2) the component B is selected from one or more of ##STR00069## the safeguard agent preferably satisfies one or two of the following conditions: (1) the component A is selected from one or two of ##STR00070## and (2) the component B is selected from ##STR00071##

7. The safeguard agent according to claim 1, wherein the safeguard agent adopts scheme 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, scheme 4, scheme 5, scheme 6, scheme 7 or scheme 8 TABLE-US-00015 Molar ratio of component A to Component A Component B component B Scheme 1 1:3 Scheme 2 1:2 Scheme 3 2:5 Scheme 4 1:3 Scheme 5 1:2 Scheme 6 1:4 Scheme 7 1:1 Scheme 8 1:2

8. A safeguard agent, consisting of component A and component B; and the latent heat of vaporization of the component A is 21.6-34.4 kJ/mol; the latent heat of vaporization of the component B is 24.2-33.2 kJ/mol; the boiling point of the component A is 20-85 C.; the boiling point of the component B is 30-80 C.; the number of fluorine atoms of the compound in the component A is 7-16, and the number of carbon atoms of the compound in the component A is 4-8; the compound in the component B contains at least one bromine or iodine atom; the number of hydrogen atoms of the compound in the component A is 0-5; the molecular weight of the component A is 200-400 g/mol; the molecular weight of the component B is 150-400 g/mol; the molar ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:(1-4).

9. The safeguard agent according to claim 8, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or two of the following conditions: (1) the component A is selected from one or more of a C.sub.5-C.sub.8 perfluoroalkane, a C.sub.5-C.sub.7 perfluorocycloalkane which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more trifluoromethyl groups, a C.sub.5-C.sub.8 fluoroalkane containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 hydrogen atoms, a C.sub.4-C.sub.7 perfluoroketone, a C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether, a C.sub.2-C.sub.6 perfluorocyclic ether which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.3 perfluoroalkyl groups and heptafluoro-2-(1,2,2-trifluoroethyleneoxy)propane; the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether contains at least 7 fluorine atoms; and (2) the component B is a C.sub.3-C.sub.5 bromofluoroalkene and/or a C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane; the bromofluoroalkene contains at least 2 fluorine atoms; the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane contains at least 4 fluorine atoms.

10. The safeguard agent according to claim 9, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or more following conditions: (1) the safeguard agent is a cooling suppressant or an extinguishant; (2) the safeguard agent is used in a walled space, a sealed space or an enclosure, such as the walled space or the enclosure; (3) the safeguard agent is used to protect a battery or suppress energy that continuously releases from the battery during thermal runaway; (4) the molar ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:(2-4), such as 1:3; (5) the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane contains one iodine atom; (6) the C.sub.3-C.sub.5 bromofluoroalkene contains one bromine atom; (7) the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 perfluoroalkane is selected from perfluorohexane and/or perfluoroheptane; (8) the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 fluoroalkane containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 hydrogen atoms is decafluoropentane and/or monohydrotridecafluorohexane; (9) the C.sub.5-C.sub.7 perfluorocycloalkane which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more trifluoromethyl groups is dodecafluorocyclohexane and/or perfluoromethylcyclopentane; (10) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 perfluoroketone contains 1 or 2 carbonyl groups; (11) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether contains 1 or 2 oxygen atoms; (12) the C.sub.2-C.sub.6 perfluorocyclic ether which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.3 perfluoroalkyl groups contains one oxygen atom; (13) the C.sub.3-C.sub.5 bromofluoroalkene is selected from one or more of 3-bromo-3,3-difluoropropene, 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, 3-bromo-1, 1,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,4-pentafluoro-1-butene, 2-bromo-3,4,4,4-tetrafluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)but-1-ene and 2-bromo-3,3,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentene; and (14) the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane is selected from one or more of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-iodoethane, iodo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and iodoperfluorobutane.

11. The safeguard agent according to claim 10, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or more following conditions: (1) the battery is a battery that releases energy in seconds when thermal runaway occurs; (2) the perfluorohexane is perfluoro-n-hexane, perfluoro-2-methylpentane or perfluoro-2,3-dimethylbutane; (3) the perfluoroheptane is perfluoro-n-heptane; ##STR00088## (4) the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 fluoroalkane containing 1, 2, 3 or 4 hydrogen atoms is (5) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 perfluoroketone is 1,1,1,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)butan-2-one and/or perfluoro-2-methyl-3-pentanone; (6) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether is selected from one or more of 2-(difluoro(methoxy)methyl)-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl difluoromethyl ether, methylnonafluorobutylether, heptafluoropropyl-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether, 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxypropane, 2-(difluoromethoxymethyl)-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)propane; (7) the C.sub.2-C.sub.6 perfluorocyclic ether which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.3 perfluoroalkyl groups is perfluorocycloheptyl ether or 2-methyl-2,3-epoxypentane; (8) the C.sub.3-C.sub.5 bromofluoroalkene is selected from one or more of ##STR00089## (9) the iodoperfluorobutane is 1-iodoperfluorobutane and/or 2-iodononafluorobutane; (10) the boiling point of the component A is 25-60 C.; (11) the boiling point of the component B is 30-67 C.; (12) the molecular weight of the component A is 250-370 g/mol; (14) the molecular weight of the component B is 170-350 g/mol; (15) the latent heat of vaporization of the component A is 26-32 kJ/mol; and (16) the latent heat of vaporization of the component B is 28-33 kJ/mol.

12. The safeguard agent according to claim 11, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or more following conditions: (1) the battery is a lithium-ion battery that releases energy in seconds when thermal runaway occurs; the lithium-ion battery is preferably a ternary lithium battery, a lithium-cobalt battery or a lithium manganese battery; or the lithium-ion battery is a prismatic battery, a pouch battery or a cylinder battery; (2) the release mode of energy release during thermal runaway is heat generation, gas generation, burning or explosion; the thermal runaway can be caused by internal short circuit or external short circuit of the battery, which can be simulatively induced through nail penetration or heating experiment; (3) the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether is selected from one or more of ##STR00090## (4) the C.sub.5-C.sub.8 perfluoroalkane is selected from one or more of ##STR00091## (5) the C.sub.2-C.sub.4 iodofluoroalkane is selected from one or more of ##STR00092## (6) the boiling point of the component A is 48 C., 49.2 C., 49.5 C., 55 C., 60 C. or 72 C.; (7) the boiling point of the component B is 34 C. or 64-67 C.; (8) the molecular weight of the component A is 250 g/mol, 252 g/mol, 366 g/mol, 264 g/mol, 300 g/mol or 316 g/mol; (9) the molecular weight of the component B is 175 g/mol or 346 g/mol; (10) the latent heat of vaporization of the component A is 27.3 kJ/mol, 27.8 kJ/mol, 27.9 kJ/mol, 28.3 kJ/mol, 30.7 kJ/mol or 31.5 kJ/mol; and (11) the latent heat of vaporization of the component B is 30.6 kJ/mol or 29.6 kJ/mol.

13. The safeguard agent according to claim 8, wherein (1) the safeguard agent is used to suppress heat generation, gas generation, burning or explosion caused by thermal runaway of a battery; (2) the component A is selected from one or two of a C.sub.5-C.sub.7 perfluorocycloalkane which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more trifluoromethyl groups, a C.sub.4-C.sub.7 perfluoroketone, a C.sub.2-C.sub.4 perfluorocyclic ether which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more C.sub.1-C.sub.3 perfluoroalkyl and a C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether; the C.sub.4-C.sub.7 fluoroether contains at least 7 fluorine atoms; (3) the component B is selected from a C.sub.3 bromofluoroalkene and/or a C.sub.4 iodoperfluoroalkane; and (4) the safeguard agent is a homogeneous liquid.

14. The safeguard agent according to claim 8, wherein the safeguard agent satisfies one or two of the following conditions: (1) the component A is selected from one or more of ##STR00093## ##STR00094## ##STR00095## and (2) the component B is selected from one or more of ##STR00096## the safeguard agent preferably satisfies one or two of the following conditions: (1) the component A is selected from one or two of; ##STR00097## and (2) the component B is selected from ##STR00098##

15. The safeguard agent according to claim 14, wherein the safeguard agent adopts scheme 1, scheme 2, scheme 3, scheme 4, scheme 5, scheme 6, scheme 7 or scheme 8 TABLE-US-00016 Molar ratio of component A to Component A Component B component B Scheme 1 1:3 Scheme 2 1:2 Scheme 3 2:5 Scheme 4 1:3 Scheme 5 1:2 Scheme 6 1:4 Scheme 7 1:1 Scheme 8 1:2

16. A thermal runaway suppressant or a fire suppressant comprising a mixture of the safeguard agent according to claim 1 and one or more extinguishants.

17. An extinguishing equipment comprising the safeguard agent according to claim 1 or the thermal runaway suppressant or the fire suppressant comprising a mixture of the safeguard agent according to claim 1 and one or more extinguishants.

18. A battery system comprising the safeguard agent according to of claim 1 or the thermal runaway suppressant or the fire suppressant comprising a mixture of the safeguard agent according to claim 1 and one or more extinguishants.

19. A safeguard agent system comprising one or more safeguard agent containers; when the safeguard agent system comprises a plurality of the containers, each container independently contains the component A according to claim 1 and/or the component B according to claim 1, respectively stored in the containers; the molar ratio of the component A to the component B in the containers is 1:(1-4); when the safeguard agent system comprises one container, the component A and the component B according to claim 1 are stored in the container at a molar ratio of 1:(1-4).

20. A method for controlling thermal runaway comprising the following steps: releasing or releasing in advance the safeguard agent according to claim 1 to an object that has appeared thermal runaway or an object that is about to appear thermal runaway; alternatively, releasing or releasing in advance the component A and the component B respectively according to claim 1 to the object that has appeared thermal runaway or the object that is about to appear thermal runaway, wherein the molar rate ratio of the release of the component A to the component B is preferably 1:(1-4), more preferably 1:(2-4), such as 1:3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0117] The present disclosure will be further described below with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not therefore limited to the scope of the examples. Experimental methods without specific conditions in the following examples are selected according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial specification.

[0118] The test scenes in the detailed description of the preferred embodiment are shown in the following table

TABLE-US-00003 Trigger Steady- NO. Test box Battery type method state time Scene 1 1200 L cabinet 21700 module 3 3 Nail Vigorous without top cell 4.8 Ah 100% SOC (State penetration release 33 s of Charge)(21700 refers to a cylinder battery with a diameter of 21 mm and a length of 70 mm) Scene 2 500 L enclosure Ternary prismatic battery Nail Vigorous box 40 Ah penetration release 13 s A 100% SOC cell (prismatic refers to a battery is a hard shell cuboid) Scene 3 150 L airtight Ternary pouch battery 58 Ah Electric Vigorous box A 100% SOC cell (pouch heating release 10 s refers to a battery is a pouch- shaped thin cuboid) Note: 1. A cabinet without top means that the top is completely open, the surrounding and bottom are steel plates, and there is no leakage around, simulating the environment of a battery warehouse or a battery cabinet with an open top, which is one of the walled spaces.

[0119] Enclosure box refers to a sealed but not airtight, less leakage, about IP44, simulating energy storage battery cabinet.

[0120] Airtight box simulates the airtight environment of the vehicle battery package, and has good airtightness, very little leakage, about IP67 or more.

[0121] Both airtight and enclosure test box are equipped with safety measures which are discontinuous relief device.

[0122] 2. The violent release of thermal runaway of the battery cell refers to the violent release duration of the stored power of the battery cell. The violent release refers to the generation of high-speed off-gas, deflagration, and continuous mass fire. Small smoke and small fire are not violent.

[0123] 3. The trigger method refers to the method of causing thermal runaway of the battery cell. Generally, nail penetration or electric heating is used to simulate the thermal runaway caused by an internal short circuit, so that the battery energy is released in seconds.

[0124] 4. 100% SOC means that the battery is fully charged, and the Ah number is the battery capacity, indicating the power that can be stored.

[0125] IP is the level of protection against ingress of foreign objects by the casing of electrical equipment, as defined in the standard GB 4208-2008/IEC 60529-2001 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP Code).

[0126] The burning situation of each test scene in the detailed description of the preferred embodiment when not adding safeguard agent is shown in the following table;

TABLE-US-00004 Thermal Steady- Description of thermal runaway runaway state NO. phenomenon duration duration Battery test Scene 1 A cell is penetrated by a nail; Deflagration Vigorously The voltage thermal runaway and deflagration and burning lasts 33 s of these 9 occur, and the flame gradually last for 1 min pcs cells are extinguishes; after 5 minutes 16 s 0 without flame and with smoke, the rest of the battery cells are discontinuously thermal runaway and deflagrated, and continued to jet fire. Scene 2 A large amount of gas and sparks are Off-gas Vigorously The voltage generated, and an explosion occurs jetting, lasts for 13 s is 0, the instantly, blowing up the test box deflagration casing is and smashing the observation and burning cracked and window. Deflagrates violently, jets last for 28 s lifted fire and burns for a while. Scene 3 The cell punch ruptures and catches Burning and Vigorously The voltage fire. The fire continues to be jets, deflagration lasts for 10 s is 0, and and the pressure relief plate bounces last for 15 s, there are with time intervals. After there is no and live coal- many splits open flame, a large amount of like flameless around smoke is still produced. burning lasts for a long time

[0127] Each component name and structure in the detailed description of the preferred embodiment are shown in the following table:

TABLE-US-00005 Latent heat of Component vaporization Boiling point Molecular name Structure KJ/mol C. weight g/mol A1 [00053] 27.3 KJ/mol 49.5 264 A2 [00054] 27.9 KJ/mol 48 300 A3 [00055] 27.8 KJ/mol 49.2 316 A4 [00056] 28.3 KJ/mol 60 250 A5 [00057] 30.7 KJ/mol 55 252 A6 [00058] 31.5 KJ/mol 72 366 B1 [00059] 30.6 KJ/mol 34 175 B2 [00060] 29.6 KJ/mol 64-67 346

[0128] The component A and the component B were mixed homogeneously according to a certain volume ratio. Where, the types and proportions of the component A and component B are specifically shown in the following table:

TABLE-US-00006 Molar ratio of Example component A to number Component A Component B component B Example 1 A1 B1 A1:B1 = 1:3 Example 2 A1 B2 A1:B2 = 1:2 Example 3 A2 + A3 B1 A2:A3:B1 = 1:1:5 Example 4 A3 B1 A3:B1 = 1:3 Example 5 A3 B1 A3:B1 = 1:2 Example 6 A4 B1 A4:B1 = 1:4 Example 7 A5 B2 A5:B2 = 1:1 Example 8 A5 + A6 B2 A5:A6:B1 = 1:1:4

Mixing Method of Agent

[0129] Component A and component B were mixed and stirred evenly to obtain the safeguard agent.

[0130] Releasing Method of Agent

[0131] The safeguard agent was stored in a container, pressurized by the gas, and when released, the pressure pushed the safeguard agent to release through a pipeline and a nozzle.

[0132] At this time, the gas could be an inert gas such as N.sub.2 or Ar.sub.2.

[0133] The safeguard agent could be sucked or pushed out by a method of a pump or a piston, and released through a pipeline and a nozzle.

[0134] Effect Example 1: The effect data of the safeguard agent in Example 1 for scene 1, 2 or 3

TABLE-US-00007 Suppression mode and Agent Unburned NO. phenomenon description dose g duration Battery test Scene 1 The agent is released totally, and 1300 It is observed that The voltage of then a cell is penetrated. It can be the unburned one cell is 0 V, seen that sparks are ejected, but no duration is 10 the voltage of flame is seen. It can be seen that minutes, and the the adjacent one the casing of the penetrated cell burning torch in is 2.6 V, and the turns red, and no burning is seen the test is still remaining 7 pcs until the end. extinguished are available at 4.2 V. Scene 2 The agent is sprayed once in 2100 It is observed that The voltage is 0 advance, then the cell is the unburned V, the cell film penetrated, and then the agent is duration is 90 isn't melted; and released automatically with time minutes, and the the bottom film intervals. The cell generates a burning torch is is relatively large amount of off-gas with extinguished in intact violent disturbance, and gas three tests overflows from the gap in the box, sparks can be seen, and no burning is seen until the end. Scene 3 The film punch ruptures and jets 900 It is observed that The voltage is 0 fire, and the agent is released the unburned V, and the automatically with time intervals duration is 90 min, battery is for multiple times. It can be seen and the burning seriously that the flame lasts for about 2 torch is cracked with seconds. After the fire is extinguished in obvious splits. extinguished, there is still a high- three tests speed off-gas. It can be seen that the interior is like live coal, and the pressure relief plate bounces with time intervals. The disturbance in the box gradually calms down, and and no burning is seen until the end.

[0135] Effect Example 2: The effect data of the safeguard agent in Example 2 for scene 1, 2 or 3

TABLE-US-00008 Suppression mode and Agent Unburned NO. phenomenon description dose g duration Battery test Scene 1 The agent is sprayed once in 2100 It is observed that The voltage of advance, then the cell is the unburned one cell is 0 V, penetrated. It can be seen that duration is 15 the voltage of sparks are ejected, but no flame minutes, and the the adjacent one is seen. It can be seen that the burning torch in is 1.4 V, and the casing of the penetrated cell turns the test is still remaining 7 pcs red, and no burning is seen until extinguished are available at the end. 4.2 V. Scene 2 When the cell is penetrated, the 3400 It is observed that The voltage is 0 agent is released automatically the unburned V, the cell film with time intervals for multiple duration is 110 isn't melted; and times. The cell generates a large minutes, and the the bottom film amount of off-gas with violent burning torch is is relatively disturbance, and gas overflows extinguished in intact from the gap in the box, sparks three tests can be seen, and no burning is seen until the end. Scene 3 The film punch ruptures and jets 1500 It is observed that The voltage is 0 fire, and the agent is released the unburned V, the battery totally. It can be seen that the duration is 110 has obvious flame lasts for about 1 second. min, and the splits. After the fire is extinguished, burning torch is there is still a high-speed off-gas. extinguished in It can be seen that the interior is three tests like live coal, and the pressure relief plate bounces in the early stage. The disturbance in the box gradually calms down, and no burning is seen until the end.

[0136] Effect Example 3: The effect data of the safeguard agent in Example 3 for scene 1, 2 or 3

TABLE-US-00009 Suppression mode and Agent Unburned NO. phenomenon description dose g duration Battery test Scene 1 The agent is released totally, 1400 It is observed that The voltage of one and then a cell is penetrated. It the unburned cell is 0 V, the can be seen that sparks are duration is 10 voltage of the ejected, but no flame is seen. It minutes, and the adjacent one is 1.8 can be seen that the casing of burning torch in V, and the the penetrated cell turns red, the test is still remaining 7 pcs are and no burning is seen until the extinguished available at 4.2 V. end. Scene 2 The agent is sprayed once in 2250 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, advance, then the cell is the unburned the shape does not penetrated, and then the agent is duration is 90 change released automatically with min, and the significantly, and time intervals. The cell burning torch is the bottom cell generates a large amount of off- extinguished in film is not melted gas with violent disturbance, three tests and a small amount of gas overflows from the gap in the box, a few sparks can be seen, and no flame is seen until the end. Scene 3 The cell punch ruptures and 1000 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, burns, and the agent is released the unburned and the battery is automatically with time duration is 90 seriously cracked intervals for multiple times. It min, and the with obvious can be seen that the flame lasts burning torch is splits. for about 3 seconds, and a high- extinguished in speed off-gas is generated. It three tests can be seen that the interior is like live coal, and no flame is seen. The pressure relief plate bounces with time intervals. The disturbance in the box gradually calms down.

[0137] Effect Example 4: The effect data of the safeguard agent in Example 4 for scene 1, 2 or 3

TABLE-US-00010 Suppression mode and Agent Unburned NO. phenomenon description dose g duration Battery test Scene 1 A cell is penetrated, and the 1400 It is observed that The voltage of one agent is released at the same the unburned cell is 0 V, the time, which is sprayed duration is 10 voltage of the multiple times. It can be seen minutes, and the adjacent one is 0.18 that sparks are ejected, but no burning torch in V, the voltage of the flame is seen. The casing of the test is still other adjacent one is the penetrated cell turns red, extinguished 0.26 V, and the and no burning is seen until remaining 6 pcs are the end. available at 4.2 V. Scene 2 When the cell is penetrated, 2200 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, the agent is released the unburned the shape does not automatically with time duration is 90 change significantly, intervals for multiple times. minutes, and the and the bottom cell The cell generates a large burning torch is film is not melted amount of off-gas with violent extinguished in disturbance, and a small three tests amount of gas overflows from the gap in the box, a few sparks can be seen, and no burning is seen until the end. Scene 3 The cell punch ruptures and burns, and the agent is released automatically with 950 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, time intervals for multiple the unburned and the battery is times. It can be seen that the duration is 90 seriously cracked flame lasts for about 3 min, and the with obvious splits. seconds, and a high-speed off- burning torch is gas is generated. It can be extinguished in seen that the interior is like three tests live coal, and no flame is seen. The pressure relief plate bounces with time intervals. The disturbance in the box gradually calms down.

[0138] Effect Example 5: The effect data of the safeguard agent in Example 5 for scene 1, 2 or 3

TABLE-US-00011 Suppression mode and Agent Unburned NO. phenomenon description dose g duration Battery test Scene 1 The agent is released totally, 1500 It is observed that The voltage of one and then a cell is penetrated. It the unburned cell is 0 V, the can be seen that sparks are duration is 10 voltage of the ejected, but no flame is seen. minutes, and the adjacent one is 2.1 The casing of the penetrated burning torch in V, and the cell turns red, and no burning is the test is still remaining 7 pcs seen until the end. extinguished are available at 4.2 V. Scene 2 The agent is sprayed once in 2350 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, advance, then the cell is the unburned the shape does not penetrated, and then the agent is duration is 90 change released automatically with min, and the significantly, and time intervals. The cell burning torch is the bottom cell generates a large amount of off- extinguished in film is not melted gas with violent disturbance, three tests and a small amount of gas overflows from the gap in the box, a few sparks can be seen, and no flame is seen until the end. Scene 3 The cell punch ruptures and 1000 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, burns, and the agent is released the unburned and the battery is automatically with time duration is 90 seriously cracked intervals for multiple times. It min, and the with obvious can be seen that the flame lasts burning torch is splits. for about 4 seconds, and a high- extinguished in speed off-gas is generated. It three tests can be seen that the interior is like live coal, and no flame is seen. The pressure relief plate bounces with time intervals. The disturbance in the box gradually calms down.

[0139] Effect Example 6: The effect data of the safeguard agent in Example 6 for scene 1, 2 or 3

TABLE-US-00012 Suppression mode and Agent Unburned NO. phenomenon description dose g duration Battery test Scene 1 A cell is penetrated, and the 1300 It is observed that The voltage of one agent is released at the same the unburned cell is 0 V, the time, which is sprayed duration is 10 voltage of the multiple times. It can be seen minutes, and the adjacent one is 0.47 that sparks are ejected and the burning torch in V, the voltage of the casing of the penetrated cell the test is still other adjacent one is turns red, and no burning is extinguished 1.36 V, and the seen until the end. remaining 6 pcs are available at 4.2 V. Scene 2 When the cell is penetrated, 2000 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, the agent is released the unburned the shape does not automatically with time duration is 90 change significantly, intervals for multiple times. minutes, and the and the bottom cell The cell generates a large burning torch is film is not melted amount of off-gas with violent extinguished in disturbance, and a small three tests amount of gas overflowes from the gap in the box, a few sparks can be seen, and no burning is seen until the end. Scene 3 The cell punch ruptures and 850 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, jets fire, and the agent is the unburned and the battery has released totally. It can be seen duration is 90 obvious splits. that the flame lasts for about 2 min, and the seconds, and a high-speed off- burning torch is gas is still generated after the extinguished in fire is extinguished. It can be three tests seen that the interior is like live coal, and the pressure relief plate bounces many times in the early stage. The disturbance in the box gradually calms down, and no burning is seen until the end.

[0140] Effect Example 7: The effect data of the safeguard agent in Example 7 for scene 1, 2 or 3

TABLE-US-00013 Suppression mode and Agent Unburned NO. phenomenon description dose g duration Battery test Scene 1 A cell is penetrated with a nail, 2000 It is observed that The voltage of and appeared thermal runaway the unburned one cell is 0 V, and deflagration. The agent is duration is 15 the voltage of the released totally. The burning minutes, and the adjacent three are disappears instantly and lasts for burning torch in 0.39 V, 0.72 V 1 second. The casing of the the test is still and 1.95 V, and penetrated cell turns red and extinguished the remaining then gradually darkens, and no 5 pcs are available burning is seen until the end. at 4.2 V. Scene 2 After the cell is penetrated and 3150 It is observed that The voltage is 0 deflagration is visible, the agent the unburned V, the shape has is released automatically with duration is 120 obvious splits, time intervals, and the burning minutes, and the and the bottom lasts for 3 s and extinguishes. burning torch is cell film is melted The cell generates a large extinguished in amount of off-gas with violent three tests disturbance, and gas overflows from the gap in the box, and no burning is seen until the end. Scene 3 When the cell punch ruptures, the agent is released 1350 It is observed that The voltage is 0 automatically with time intervals the unburned V, and the battery for multiple times. The sparks duration is 120 has obvious are ejected, and no burning is min, and the splits. seen. A high-speed off-gas is burning torch is generated. It can be seen that extinguished in the interior is like live coal, and three tests the pressure relief plate bounces frequently in the early stage. The disturbance in the box gradually calms down. No burning is seen until the end.

[0141] Effect Example 8: The effect data of the safeguard agent in Example 8 for scene 1, 2 or 3

TABLE-US-00014 Suppression mode and Agent Unburned NO. phenomenon description dose g duration Battery test Scene 1 A cell is penetrated, and the 2200 It is observed that The voltage of one agent is released at the same the unburned cell is 0 V, the time, which is sprayed multiple duration is 15 voltage of the times. It can be seen that sparks minutes, and the adjacent one is 1.2 are ejected, but no flame is burning torch in V, and the seen. It can be seen that the the test is still remaining 7 pcs are casing of the penetrated cell extinguished available at 4.2 V. turns red, and no burning is seen until the end. Scene 2 When the cell is penetrated, the 3500 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, agent is released automatically the unburned the shape does not with time intervals for multiple duration is 120 change times, and a few sparks can be minutes, and the significantly, and seen. The cell generates a large burning torch is the bottom cell amount of off-gas with violent extinguished in film is not melted disturbance, and gas overflows three tests from the gap in the box, and no burning is seen until the end. Scene 3 When the cell is about to 1500 It is observed that The voltage is 0 V, rupture due to serious swelling, the unburned and the battery has the agent is sprayed in advance, duration is 120 obvious splits. and then the agent is released minutes, and the automatically with time burning torch is intervals. Sparks are ejected, extinguished in no burning is seen, and high- three tests speed off-gas is generated, and it can be seen the interior is like live coal. The pressure relief plate bounces frequently in the early stage. The disturbance in the box gradually calms down. No burning is seen until the end.