Abstract
Provided is a dental implant assembly for insertion into the jawbone of a patient. The dental implant assembly is used to hold a dental prosthesis and includes a main body which connects the dental implant to the alveolar bone, an abutment and a connecting element. The main body and the abutment each have a coupling region. Together, these coupling regions form an interface. One of the coupling regions is concave and the other convex, and portions of the coupling regions are congruently shaped. The abutment and the main body are connected by means of a connecting element.
Claims
1. A dental implant assembly comprising a main body which is introduced at least partially into the jawbone, comprising a recess which extends from the coronal end of the main body in the direction of the apical end and a coupling region at the coronal end which encloses the recess and is concavely or convexly curved, an abutment, wherein the abutment has an apical coupling region which is aligned with the main body and has a convex or concave geometry opposite to the coupling region of the main body, wherein the coupling region of the main body forms an interface with the coupling region of the abutment, and wherein the curvature of the concave coupling region is smaller than the curvature of the convex coupling region, and a connecting element for fastening the abutment to the main body.
2. The dental implant assembly according to claim 1, wherein the main body and/or the abutment is/are made of titanium, titanium alloys, plastics or ceramic.
3. The dental implant assembly according to either claim 1, wherein the main body and/or the abutment is/are made of ceramic, preferably of zirconium dioxide or zirconium dioxide alloys, such as yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium dioxide or aluminum oxide-reinforced zirconium dioxide or cerium oxide-stabilized zirconium dioxide.
4. The dental implant assembly according to claim 1, wherein the abutment and the main body consist of the same material.
5. The dental implant assembly according to claim 1, wherein the interface has a convex coupling region of the main body and a concave coupling region of the abutment.
6. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the coupling regions of concave and convex shape form a contact line, preferably a contact line which is circular or at least nearly circular in plan view.
7. The dental implant assembly according to claim 6, wherein the diameter of the contact line is 40-99% of the diameter of the coupling portion of the main body in plan view.
8. The dental implant assembly according to claim 1, wherein the coupling regions of the abutment and of the main body have at least one elevation and at least one depression, preferably an even number of elevations and depressions.
9. The dental implant assembly according to claim 8, wherein the coupling region of the main body have a first elevation, a second elevation and a first depression-between the first elevation and the second elevation, and a second depression-between the second elevation and the first elevation, and preferably the elevations and depressions are diametrically opposite one another.
10. The dental implant assembly according to claim 9, wherein the most apical point of the first depression of the coupling region of the main body is more coronal than the most apical point of the second depression and/or the most coronal point of the first elevation is more apical than the most coronal point of the second elevation.
11. The dental implant assembly according to claim 1, wherein the connecting element is an external connecting element which is introduced through an opening in the abutment which extends into the recess in the main body from the coronal to the apical end of the abutment.
12. The dental implant assembly according to claim 11, wherein the connecting element is a screw.
13. The dental implant assembly according to either claim 11, wherein the external connecting element is made of a plastics, preferably of PE, PEK, PEKK, PEEK or CFK PEEK, particularly preferably of fiber-reinforced PE, PEK, PEKK, PEEK or CFK PEEK.
14. A dental kit comprising at least one dental implant assembly according to claim 1 and at least one dental prosthesis.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0091] The terms Fig., Figs., Figure, and Figures are used interchangeably in the specification to refer to the corresponding figures in the drawings.
[0092] The solution will be explained below with reference to drawings. All drawings contain schematic cutouts of the solution and are used by way of example to explain the solution. Specific embodiments of the solution may differ from these drawings. The dental implant assembly according to the solution in the drawings is illustrated by way of a sketch and in a schematic manner.
[0093] In the drawings:
[0094] FIG. 1 is a section through a dental implant assembly according to the solution.
[0095] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the dental implant assembly according to FIG. 1.
[0096] FIG. 3 is a cross section along the line I-I of the dental implant assembly according to FIG. 2.
[0097] FIG. 4 is a detail of the contact region between the main body and the abutment.
[0098] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a dental implant assembly with an asymmetrical shape in the region of the interface.
[0099] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the main body of a dental implant assembly according to the solution, having an elevation and a depression in the region of the interface.
[0100] FIG. 7 is a cross section of the main body according to FIG. 6.
[0101] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the main body of a dental implant assembly according to the solution, having two elevations and two depressions in the region of the interface.
[0102] FIG. 9 is a cross section of the main body according to FIG. 8.
[0103] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the main body of a dental implant assembly according to the solution, having three elevations and three depressions in the region of the interface.
[0104] FIG. 11 is a cross section of the main body according to FIG. 10.
[0105] FIG. 12 shows a photograph of the interface between the main body and the abutment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0106] FIG. 1 shows a section through an implant assembly 1 according to the solution. Said implant assembly comprises a main body 3, an abutment 2 and a connecting element 51. In the assembled state, the abutment 2 is positively connected to the main body 3 by means of an interface 10. According to the solution, this interface 10 has features which enable the abutment 2 to be accurately positioned relative to the main body 3.
[0107] The features of the implant assembly 1 are described in detail in the drawings below. In particular, for the features of the interface 10, the features described below on the main body 3 and abutment 2 may also be arranged on the respective other part. In other words, in a particular embodiment, the features of the interface 10 described below, which relate to the main body 3, may be arranged on the abutment 2. It is then necessary that the features of the abutment 2 described below are arranged on the main body 3. Exact positioning can thereby be ensured.
[0108] FIG. 2 shows an implant assembly 1 according to the invention having a main body 3 and an abutment 2. The main body 3 has a shank portion 33 at its apical end 32. The shank portion 33 tapers along the longitudinal axis I-I in the direction of the apical end 32 and is conical in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. A coupling portion 35 is arranged at the coronal end 36 of the main body 3. The coupling portion 35 is integrally connected to the shank portion 33 of the main body 3 and is part of the interface 10. The interface 10 arranged at the coronal end 36 enables the main body 3 to be positioned so as to interlock with the abutment 2.
[0109] As can be seen from FIG. 3, the main body 3 has a recess 37 at the coronal end 36. A connecting element 51 (not shown), with which the main body 3 and the abutment 2 can be releasably connected, is arranged in the recess 37. According to the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, the coupling portion 35 is symmetrical and has a coupling region 14 at its coronal end 36, at the interface 10. Said coupling region 14 extends from the cylindrical outermost edge of the coupling portion 35 to the recess 37 and has a symmetrical profile. The outer transition region 342 from the coupling portion 35 and the inner transition region 341 from the recess 37 into the coupling region 14 are preferably rounded. The coupling region 14 of the main body 3 is formed by a convex shape and has a radius r3. The coupling region 14 is part of the interface 10.
[0110] The abutment 2 is designed in the form of a sleeve. It has a through-opening 23 in the form of a bore. A coupling region 24, which is part of the interface 10, is arranged at the apical end 27 of the abutment 2. Said coupling region 24 extends from the cylindrical outermost edge of the abutment 2 to the through-opening 23 and has a symmetrical profile. The outer transition region 242 from the abutment 2 and the inner transition region 241 from the through-opening 23 into the coupling region 24 are preferably designed to be rounded. The coupling region 24 has a concave shape and has a radius r2 (FIG. 4).
[0111] According to the solution, the radii r2 and r3 differ in terms of their values. The radius of the concave coupling region 24 is greater than the radius of the convex coupling region 14. This results in a circular contact line 41 after the abutment 2 and the main body 3 are joined together. Said contact line 41 is arranged in the region of the interface 10 and is formed by a plurality of points strung together. The contact line 41 has a diameter 5 which is smaller than the diameter 313 of the coupling portion 35 (FIG. 3). The center of each of the diameters 5, 313 lies on the axis I-I. According to the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, in relation to an imaginary plane 9 (FIG. 6) which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis I-I, the linear contact 41 has a constant distance from this plane 9. In other words, the contact line 41 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis I-I. All points on the contact line 41 have the same distance to the imaginary plane 9.
[0112] The contact line 41 can be seen from FIG. 4. The contact line 41 enables the exact positioning of the main body 3 together with the abutment 2. Due to the different values for the radii r2 and r3, a gap is created in the region of the transitions 341 and 241 as well as 342 and 242. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the transition regions 341 and 342 may be designed to be sharp-edged. This also applies to the transition regions 241 and 242. The transitions 341, 241, 342 and 242 are preferably designed to be rounded.
[0113] As can be seen from FIG. 4, starting from the contact line, the gap increases continuously in the direction of the transition regions. In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the value (distance) of the gap 15, which is determined in parallel with the longitudinal axis, at the transition of the concave coupling region 14 to the transition region 241, 242 is at most 0.05 mm, preferably 0.03 mm, particularly preferably 0.01 mm.
[0114] FIG. 3 shows a section through the main body 3 and the abutment 2. The shape of the opening 23 can be seen. To join the main body 3 to the abutment 2, a connecting element 51 (FIG. 1), for example a screw, is inserted into the opening 23. The connecting element 51 extends through the abutment 2 into the main body 3 and is fastened in the main body 3 by means of retaining means 38. For this purpose, the main body 3 has retaining means 38, for example in the form of an internal thread 16. In order to ensure a secure connection between the abutment 3 and the main body 3, the abutment 2 comprises at least one projection 26 which projects into the opening 23. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the projection 26 extends around the entire circumference of the opening 23. Said projection is designed to be circular and inclined in the direction of the apical end 27 of the abutment 2. The projection 26, which is designed as a phase, merges into a cylindrical portion 28. Said cylindrical portion 28 forms a guide region for the connecting element 51 and has a smaller diameter than the opening 23 at the coronal end 29 of the abutment 2. The projection 26 is operatively connected to a correspondingly designed region of the connecting element 51, as a result of which a secure connection between the main body 3 and the abutment 2 is ensured.
[0115] FIG. 5 shows an implant assembly 1 without the connecting element 51. The interface 10 which comprises the coupling portion 35 of the coupling region 14 of the main body 3 is designed to be asymmetrical. This results in the contact line 41 of the coupling region 14 being inclined relative to the plane 9, wherein the plane 9 is oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis I-I (FIG. 7). Individual points of the contact line 41 have different distances to the imaginary plane 9. The changes in distance are constant. Under the assumption that the plane 9 is arranged at the coronal end 29 of the coupling portion 35, the contact line 41 has an elevation 7 which intersects the plane 9. Starting from said elevation, the highest point 7 of the contact line 41, this is continuously inclined up to a depression 6 of the lowest point of the contact line 41. At this point 6, the distance 11 from the plane 9 is greatest. Starting from the lowest point 6, the contact line 41 increases continuously up to the highest point 7. The contact line 41 according to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 has an elevation at point 7 and a depression at point 6.
[0116] The contact line 41 of the interface 10 according to one embodiment according to FIGS. 8 and 9 have two elevations 7 (highest point) and two depressions 6 (lowest point). Otherwise, the above feature descriptions apply mutatis mutandis.
[0117] FIGS. 10 and 11 show the main body 3 of a dental implant assembly 1 according to the solution, the contact line 41 of which has three elevations 7 and three depressions 6. Otherwise, the above feature descriptions apply mutatis mutandis.
[0118] The contact line 41 of an interface 10 of a dental implant assembly 1 according to the solution is formed by the interaction between the coronal end 29 of the coupling portion 35 and the apical end 27 of the abutment 2. The above description of the shape of the contact line 41 which uses the main body 3 as an example applies, mutatis mutandis, to the contact line 41 of the abutment 2. The apical end 27 of the abutment 2 and the coronal end 29 of the main body 3 are congruent in portions, with the values for the diameters r2 and r3 differing. The diameter at the convex end is smaller than the diameter at the concave end. This is irrespective of on which part (main body 3, abutment 2) the convex or concave part is arranged. Joining the main body 3 and the abutment 2 together creates the contact line 41.
[0119] FIG. 12 shows a photograph of an abutment 2 and a main body 3 in the assembled state. The abutment 2 has a maximum length (extension along the longitudinal axis I-I) of 6 mm and a maximum diameter of 3.9 mm. The lower part of the abutment 2 is cylindrical, the upper part is conical, with the width along the longitudinal axis decreasing toward the upper part. The coupling portion 35 of the main body 3 is cylindrical. The main body 3 is 20 mm long and has a nominal diameter of 4 mm. The abutment 2 is fastened to the main body 3 using a screw (not shown) with an ISO M2 thread. The abutment 2 comprises the concave coupling region 24, the main body 3 the convex coupling region 14. The concave and convex coupling regions are circular segments. The circle of the concave coupling region 24 has a radius of 1.1 mm, that of the convex coupling region 14 has a radius of 1.0 mm. The centers of the radii, the coupling regions 14, 24, lie within the main body 3 and are arranged at a distance of 0.5 mm from the circumference of the coupling portion 35 of the main body 3. The coupling regions, in particular the region in which the contact line 41 is arranged, have been machined in the green state. Additional machining in the form of smoothing or polishing in the fired state is not required. The transition regions 241, 242, 341, 342 are provided with a radius of 0.05 mm. The coupling regions of the dental implant assembly have two elevations 7 and two depressions 6. The elevations 7, likewise the recesses 6, intersect planes which are arranged perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis. The planes are arranged at a distance from one another. The distance between the maximum extents of the elevations 7 and depressions 6 is 0.6 mm.
[0120] As can be seen in the photograph, the coupling regions 14, 24 do not have sharp edges and steps. All regions are designed to be curved and rounded so that there are no punctiform loads on tissue and bones. Irritation in the form of inflammation, damage, etc. can thus be virtually eliminated, ideally avoided. In this embodiment, the coupling region 14 of the main body 3 merges tangentially into the cylindrical surface of the coupling portion of the main body 3.
