MIXER, SYSTEM FOR APPLYING A BUILDING MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A STRUCTURE FROM BUILDING MATERIAL

Abstract

A mixer (1) comprises a drum (2) having at least one inlet (6) and one outlet (7). The mixer (1) furthermore comprises a drive (3) and a stirring shaft (4), which is arranged in the drum (2) and is coupled to the drive (3). Furthermore, the mixer (1) comprises a conveying device (5), which is arranged in the drum (2) and which is arranged on one and the same axis as the stirring shaft (4).

Claims

1. A method for producing a structure from a construction material using a moving device having a mixer arranged thereon, the moving device configured to move the mixer of the moving device, the mixer comprising a drum having at least one inlet and at least one outlet, the method comprising the steps of: feeding a first component that is a pumpable building material to the at least one inlet of the drum; feeding a second component that includes at least one of an accelerating admixture and a hardening accelerator to the at least one inlet of the drum; mixing the first component and the second component in the mixer to produce the construction material; conveying the construction material toward and through the at least one outlet of the drum, and moving the mixer with the moving device independently in three dimensions to apply the construction material and construct a structure from the construction material.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first component is fed to the at least one inlet by pumping the first component from a first container that includes the first component.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second component is fed to the at least one inlet by pumping the second component from a second container that includes the second component.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixer includes a stirring shaft configured to receive the first component and the second component from the at least one inlet and mix the first component and the second component to produce the construction material.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the stirring shaft is driven at a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute during the mixing.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, during the applying of the construction material with the moving device, an average residence time of the construction material in the drum is less than 10 seconds.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, during the applying of the construction material with the moving device, the construction material is applied in a plurality of at least partially superposed layers.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein, during the applying, an existing layer is only superposed with a new layer of the construction material when the existing layer is sufficiently solid, in order to retain its original shape.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moving device is a 3D printer.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moving device is configured to move the mixer within a build space for forming the structure constructed from the construction material.

11. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the stirring shaft is operated to mix the first component and the second component homogeneously to produce the construction material.

12. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one inlet of the drum includes a first inlet and a second inlet, where the first component is fed to the first inlet and the second component is fed to the second inlet.

13. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pumpable building material is pumpable concrete.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Details and advantages of the invention are described in the following text on the basis of exemplary embodiments and with reference to schematic drawings, in which:

[0054] FIG. 1: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary mixer having a conveying device;

[0055] FIG. 2: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary mixer having a conveying device and having a feeding device via an inlet;

[0056] FIG. 3A: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary feeding device;

[0057] FIG. 3B: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary feeding device;

[0058] FIG. 4: shows a schematic illustration of a mixer for mixing a first component and a second component;

[0059] FIG. 5: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary system for applying a construction material; and

[0060] FIG. 6: shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary conveying device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary mixer 1. The mixer 1 has a drive 3, a drum 2, a stirring shaft 4, and a conveying device 5. The drum 2 in this case has two inlets 6 and one outlet 7. The inlets 6 are in this case located in a first drum section 10, in which the stirring shaft is arranged, and the outlet 7 is located in a second drum section 11, in which the conveying device 5 is also arranged.

[0062] In this exemplary embodiment, two inlets 6 are arranged on the drum 2. In an alternative exemplary embodiment, which is not illustrated, the drum 2 has only one inlet, however. In this case, the components to be mixed can already be combined before they are conveyed into the drum 2 via the inlet.

[0063] In this case, the conveying device 5 is arranged in a manner directly adjoining the stirring shaft 4 such that the mix mixed by the stirring shaft 4 is able to be collected directly by the conveying device 5 and is able to be conveyed out of the drum 2 through the outlet 7.

[0064] In this exemplary embodiment, the conveying device 5 is configured as a screw conveyor. The screw conveyor in this exemplary embodiment has two complete turns 9. Depending on the desired conveying rate, the screw conveyor can be dimensioned or configured in some other way. The conveying device 5 and the stirring shaft 4 are arranged on one and the same axis in the drum 2. In this exemplary embodiment, the stirring shaft 4 is equipped with pegs 8 such that, while the stirring shaft rotates, a mix in the drum is moved by the pegs 8.

[0065] FIG. 2 again illustrates an exemplary mixer 1. In contrast to the mixer 1 in FIG. 1, in this mixer, a feeding device 12 is arranged at one of the inlets 6. This feeding device 12 is for example suitable for introducing a pulverulent component into the drum 2 of the mixer 1 in a homogeneous manner and without clogging.

[0066] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate the feeding device 12, which is arranged at one of the inlets 6 in FIG. 2, in more detail. The feeding device 12 has a second drive 13 and a second stirring shaft 16. The second stirring shaft 16 is in this case arranged in a rotatable manner in a hopper 19. The hopper 19 has an input region 14 and an output region 15. In this case, stirring blades 17 on the second stirring shaft are arranged in the input region of the hopper 19, and a stirring rod 18 is arranged on the second stirring shaft 16 in the output region 15 of the hopper 19. The stirring blades 17 are in this case arranged radially on the second stirring shaft, such that they can convey a pulverulent component through the input region 14 of the hopper 19. The stirring rod 18 is oriented axially with respect to the second stirring shaft 16, and is offset radially from an axis of rotation of the stirring shaft 16. As a result, this stirring rod 18 can protect the output region 15 of the hopper 19 from clogging.

[0067] FIG. 4 again illustrates an exemplary mixer 1 having a feeding device 12 at one of the inlets. A first component 20 and a second component 22 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed line 21 and via a second feed line 23, respectively. For example, in this case, the first component 20 can be a pulverulent component, which is fed into the hopper of the feeding device 12 via the first feed line 21, and the second component 22 can be for example a liquid or pumpable substance, which is passed directly into the drum of the mixer 1 via the second feed line 23. After the mixing operation in the drum of the mixer 1, the mixture is conveyed through the outlet 25 of the mixer by the conveying device 5.

[0068] FIG. 5 illustrates a system 30 for applying a construction material. The system 30 comprises a moving device 31 and a first component 32 and a second component 33. The first component 32 and the second component 33 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed line 34 and a second feed line 35. The mixer 1 comprises an outlet 36, via which the construction material is able to be applied. In order for it to be possible to apply the construction material at a desired location, the mixer 1 is movable by way of the moving device 31. For this purpose, the moving device 31, as illustrated in this exemplary embodiment, can have an arm, which is configured in a movable manner. For example, a multi-joint arm can be used in order to allow more versatile movement of the mixer 1 in space.

[0069] In alternative exemplary embodiments, which are not illustrated, the moving device 31 is configured as a crane, a robot, a movable device on wheels or tracks, or a 3D printer.

[0070] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a conveying device 5. In this example, first of all more than two turns 9 are formed. In addition, the turns 9 have different extents in the direction of the driveshaft, wherein the turns 9 become tighter toward one end of the conveying device 5. As a result, a conveying pressure of the conveying device 5 can be changed depending on the orientation of the tightening of the turns 9.

[0071] Furthermore, in this example, a cross section of a shaft of the conveying device 5 is configured to be variable in the direction of the driveshaft. In this case, a volume for the mix becomes smaller toward one end of the conveying device 5. As a result, a conveying pressure of the conveying device 5 can be changed depending on the orientation of the reduction in size of the volume for the mix.