KINEMATICS ASSEMBLY

Abstract

The invention relates to a hinge (1) for connecting a movable part (T) to another part (R), wherein the hinge (1) has four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) with seven points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31), and six (25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31) of the seven points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31) are arranged axially symmetrically in relation to a mirror axis (S), which runs through one (29) of the seven points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31), and two (25, 26) of the six symmetrically arranged points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31) can be fixed on the movable part, and two (27, 28) of the six symmetrically arranged points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31) can be fixed on the other part, in each case by means of an attachment (6), and the attachments (6) secure the relative position of the in each case two points of rotation (25, 26; 27, 28) in relation to one another, and one (25) of the two points of rotation (25, 26) secured by means of a first of the two attachments (6) is connected, by means of one lever (3) of the four levers (2, 3, 4, 5), to one (30) of the two symmetrically arranged points of rotation (30, 31) which are present outside the attachment (6), and the other (26) of the two points of rotation (25, 26) secured by means of the first attachment (6) is connected, by means of a further lever (5) of the four levers (2, 3, 4, 5), to the other one (31) of the two symmetrically arranged points of rotation (30, 31) which are present outside the attachments (6), wherein the further lever (5) also incorporates the point of rotation (29), through which the mirror axis (S) runs, wherein, in the closed state, there is an enclosed angle of less than 155 between a connecting line between the point of rotation (29) having the mirror axis (S) and a point of rotation (31) outside the attachments (6) and a connecting line between the point of rotation (29) having the mirror axis and the point of rotation (26) at the attachment (6) for a lever (5).

Claims

1. A hinge (1) for connecting a movable part (T) to another part (R), wherein the hinge (1) has four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) with seven points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31), and six (25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31) of the seven points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31) are arranged axially symmetrically in relation to a mirror axis (S), which runs through one (29) of the seven points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31), and two (25, 26) of the six symmetrically arranged points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31) can be fixed on the movable part, and two (27, 28) of the six symmetrically arranged points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31) can be fixed on the other part, in each case by means of an attachment (6), and the attachments (6) secure the relative position of the in each case two points of rotation (25, 26; 27, 28) in relation to one another, and one (25) of the two points of rotation (25, 26) secured by means of a first of the two attachments (6) is connected, by means of one lever (3) of the four levers (2, 3, 4, 5), to one (30) of the two symmetrically arranged points of rotation (30, 31) which are present outside the attachment (6), and the other (26) of the two points of rotation (25, 26) secured by means of the first attachment (6) is connected, by means of a further lever (5) of the four levers (2, 3, 4, 5), to the other one (31) of the two symmetrically arranged points of rotation (30, 31) which are present outside the attachments (6), wherein the further lever (5) also incorporates the point of rotation (29), through which the mirror axis (S) runs, wherein, in the closed state, there is an enclosed angle of less than 155 between a connecting line between the point of rotation (29) having the mirror axis (S) and a point of rotation (31) outside the attachments (6) and a connecting line between the point of rotation (29) having the mirror axis and the point of rotation (26) at the attachment (6) for a lever (5).

2. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, wherein, in the closed state, an angle which is less than 20 is enclosed between a connecting line between the two points of rotation (25, 26; 27, 28) of an attachment (6) and a connecting line of the point of rotation (30) adjacent to the attachment (6) and the point of rotation (30) adjacent to the point of rotation (25) of the attachment (6).

3. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, wherein, in the closed state, the ratio between the length of a connecting line between the point of rotation (29) with the mirror axis (S) and a point of rotation (31) outside the attachments (6) and the length of a connecting line between the point of rotation (29) with the mirror axis (S) and the point of rotation (26) on the attachment (6) for a lever (5) is in a range between 0.8 and 1.2.

4. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, wherein the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) engage in one another in such a way that recesses or apertures or openings (42) in three of the four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) are essentially closed by one of the other levers (2, 3, 4, 5).

5. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, in which two of the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) engage with one of the other levers (2, 3, 4, 5) at the lever arm ends (15, 16, 17, 18) with projections (44) formed on the lever arm ends (15, 16, 17, 18) and an aligned bore is formed in the projections (44), into which a pin-shaped element is inserted to form an axis of rotation.

6. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, wherein each of the attachments (6) has two pin-like elements which are guided through end openings or bores/bushings on the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and the attachment (6).

7. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, wherein the height of the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) essentially corresponds to the height of a receptacle (32) on the attachment (6).

8. The hinge (1) according to claim 7, wherein the receptacle (32) is formed by two struts (33, 34) on a base plate (35), in particular in the manner of a clamp.

9. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, wherein three fingers (43) are provided on one lever (2, 3, 4, 5), which fingers protrude through three openings (42) of another lever (2, 3, 4, 5).

10. The hinge (1) according to claim 9, wherein two of the openings (42) are open at the edge and one of the openings (42) is closed at the edge.

11. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, wherein two substantially straight levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and two substantially curved levers (2, 3, 4, 5) are provided, and the two curved levers (2, 3, 4, 5) are straight in portions in the region between the lever arm ends and engage with each other in this region and form an angle relative to the straight region between the lever arm ends in the region of the lever arm ends.

12. The hinge (1) according to claim 1, wherein two of the four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) have lever arm ends which are offset from the central region of the lever (2, 3, 4, 5).

13. A door (T) with a hinge (1) and a frame (R), wherein the hinge (1) is designed in particular according to claim 1, wherein the hinge (1) is integrated at the end in the door (T) and/or in the frame (R).

Description

[0033] In the following, the invention will be explained in greater detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in drawings. In the drawings:

[0034] FIG. 1 shows representations of the hinge in different views;

[0035] FIG. 2 shows representations of a first lever in different views;

[0036] FIG. 3 shows representations of a second lever in different views;

[0037] FIG. 4 shows a third lever in different views;

[0038] FIG. 5 shows a fourth lever in different views;

[0039] FIG. 6 shows an attachment in different views,

[0040] FIGS. 7 to 17 show an exemplary embodiment of a hinge with door and frame;

[0041] FIGS. 18 to 20 show movement curves; and

[0042] FIG. 21 shows a hinge in a plan view.

[0043] FIG. 1 shows a hinge 1 in various views. The hinge 1 has four levers 2, 3, 4, 5. The from above view in FIG. 1 shows that external influences from above can only affect an upper surface. In particular, bushings or bushing openings located below the top surface are covered. In this case, the covering can inherently be provided by the levers themselves. The isometric oblique view from the front shows that the levers 2, 3, 4, 5 engage into one another. The levers 2, 3, 4, 5 are interlocked.

[0044] The hinge 1 has two attachments 6 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0045] The levers 2, 3, 4, 5 have a bore 11, 12, 13, 14 (bushing) at the respective lever arm ends 7, 8, 9, 10, into which a pin-like element, in particular in the form of a rivet pin or bolt, can be inserted, and with which the respective lever 2, 3, 4, 5 can be connected to the lever arm end 7, 8, 9, 10 with the attachment 6.

[0046] Two of the levers 2, 4 and 3, 5 are linked in pairs to an attachment 6. The first and the third lever 2, 4 are connected to the left attachment 6 in the isometric oblique view from the front of FIG. 1. The second and fourth levers 3, 5 are connected to the attachment 6 on the right. To connect the levers 2, 3, 4, 5, the bores 11, 12, 13, 14 (bushings) are configured at the lever arm ends 7, 8, 9, 10 in such a way that they extend through the entire lever.

[0047] In the region of the respective other end of the lever arm 15, 16, 17, 18 there is a bore 19, 20, 21, 22 (bushing) in each case. The bore 19 on the lever arm end 15 of the first lever 2 is aligned such that the bore 22 on the lever arm end 18 of the fourth lever 5 is aligned and a pin-shaped element, in particular in the form of a rivet pin or bolt, is inserted into the bore. The bore 20 on the lever arm end 16 of the second lever 3 is aligned with the bore 21 on the lever arm end 17 of the third lever 4 and a pin-shaped element is inserted into the bores 20, 21, in particular in the form of a rivet pin or a bolt, in order to connect the levers 3, 4 at the lever arm ends 16, 17. At the lever arm end 15 of the first lever 2 and the lever arm end 18 of the fourth lever 5, the lever arm ends 15, 18 engage one another. The fourth lever 5 surrounds with its finger-like lever arm end 18 the lever arm end 15 of the first lever 2 and also engages with one of the fingers (middle finger) between two projections of the lever arm end 15 of the first lever 2. The bore (bushing) in the finger-like lever arm end and the bore (bushing) in the projection-like lever arm end align with each other in the present engagement. Similarly, the lever arm end 16 of the second lever 3 and the lever arm end 17 of the third lever 4 are connected to each other, wherein the bore (bushing) in the lever arm end 16, 17 of the two levers extends through projections which engage and align with each other.

[0048] The third lever 4 and the fourth lever 5 are connected in a region between the lever arm ends. In this region between the lever arm ends, the fourth lever 5 is designed in the form of a finger (finger 43). The third lever 4 is designed in the region between the lever arm ends 9 and 17 with recesses or openings or windows (openings 42) through which the fingers 43 of the fourth lever 5 pass. The upper and the lower recess or aperture (openings 42) in the third lever 4 are open at the top and bottom. A central aperture or recess (opening 42) is designed like a window. In the region of the openings or fingers of the two lever arms 4, 5, a bore 23 (bushing) is formed in the third lever 4 and a bore 24 (bushing) is formed in the fourth lever 5. The bores 23 and 24 are aligned with one another and a pin-shaped element is inserted into the bores, in particular a rivet pin or a bolt, with which the levers 4, 5 are connected to one another.

[0049] The bores with the inserted pin-shaped elements form seven points of rotation 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, as can be seen from above in FIG. 1. A respective axis of rotation intersects the point of rotation 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 and extends essentially perpendicularly into the plane of the drawing. Each of the bores of the levers 2, 3, 4, 5 forms part of a point of linkage or rotation.

[0050] The levers 2, 3 are essentially straight. The two levers 2, 3 are designed to be shorter than the levers 4, 5. In the case of the levers 4, 5, which have three bores, the lever arm ends 9, 17; 10, 18 are offset from a central region and the bores at the ends of the lever arms are arranged outside of a line or straight line with the bore formed between the ends of the lever arms. The three points of rotation of the levers 4, 5 enclose an angle with one another.

[0051] The long levers 4, 5 cross each other to form a point of rotation 29 or a corresponding axis of rotation. At each attachment 6, a short lever 2, 3 and a long lever 4, 5 are linked. The long lever 4, 5 is connected to the corresponding other long lever 4, 5, thus forming the point of rotation 29, and to the short lever 2, 3, which is present at the other attachment 6. When a door is opened, a forced guided movement occurs, in which the door in particular can be pivoted around the frame by 180.

[0052] The height of the levers 2, 3, 4, 5 essentially corresponds to the height of a receptacle 32 of the attachment 6. The receptacle 32 is formed like a clamp, wherein two struts 33, 34 extend from a base plate 35 of the attachment 6. In the struts 33, 34 there are bores 38, 39, 40, 41 for inserting the pin-shaped element with which the lever arm ends 7, 8, 9, 10 can be connected to the respective attachment 6. The attachment 6 to a door or a frame can take place by means of fastening elements guided through bores 36, 37 in the base plate 35. Alternatively or additionally, the attachment 6 can be welded to the base plate 35, in particular to the side that is spaced apart from the struts 33, 34, to the door T or the frame R.

[0053] Welding of the hinge or the attachment 6 can be made possible by a suitable choice of materials, in particular of the attachment.

[0054] FIGS. 7 to 17 show a hinge 1 with a door T and a frame R in different states of the door T and in different views.

[0055] FIGS. 18 to 20 show movement curves of the door T relative to the frame R.

[0056] In FIG. 21, the hinge (1) is shown in a top view both in a closed position or condition and in an open position or condition. In addition to the levers 2, 3, 4, 5 with the points of rotation 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 and the attachments 6 and the attachment surfaces 100 provided on the attachments 6, FIG. 21 also shows the mirror-axis S of hinge 1, which runs through the point of rotation 29. Furthermore, the surface of the construction space can be seen in FIG. 21 as a projected surface with an installation depth B. In FIG. 21, the lift-out X resulting from the opening and the distance S2 between the attachments 6 are also indicated.

[0057] Furthermore, in FIG. 21, a connecting line between the point of rotation (29) with the mirror axis (S) and the point of rotation (31) outside the attachments (6) is drawn in for the closed state, as well as a connecting line between the point of rotation (29) with the mirror axis (S) and the point of rotation (26) on the attachment (6) for the lever (5). An angle of approximately 138 is enclosed between the connecting lines.

[0058] The invention describes, inter alia, the following embodiments: [0059] 1. A hinge (1) for connecting a movable part (T) to another part (R), wherein the hinge (1) has four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and each lever (2, 3, 4, 5) has a bushing or linkage hole (11, 12, 13, 14) at one lever arm end (7, 8, 9, 10) for linkage with the movable part (T) or the other part (R), so that the hinge (1) forms four points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28) in the region of the linkage, wherein two of the levers (4, 5) engage in one another in a region between the two lever arm ends of the levers (4, 5) and a connection transverse to the engagement is formed between the levers (4, 5) in the region of the engagement. [0060] 2. A hinge (1) for connecting a movable part (T) to another part (R), wherein the hinge (1) has four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and each lever has a bushing or linkage hole (11, 12, 13, 14) at one lever arm end (7, 8, 9, 10) for linkage with the movable part (T) or the other part (R), so that the hinge (1) forms four points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28) in the region of the linkage, wherein two of the levers (4, 5) engage finger-like in one another between the two lever arm ends (17, 18) and in the region of engagement a hole (23, 24) extending transverse to the engagement is formed, through which a pin-like element extends, by means of which the two levers (4, 5) are secured to each other. [0061] 3. A hinge (1) for connecting a movable part (T) to another part (R), in particular according to one of the embodiments 1 or 2, wherein the hinge (1) has four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) interlock in such a way that recesses or breakthroughs or openings (42) in three of the four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) through one of the other levers (2, 3, 4, 5) in are essentially closed. [0062] 4. A hinge (1) for connecting a mobile part (T) to another part (R), in particular according to one of the embodiments 1 to 3, the hinge (1) having four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and each lever (2, 3, 4, 5) at one end of the lever arm (7, 8, 9, 10) has a linkage hole for the linkage with the movable part (T) or the other part (R), so that the hinge has four axes of rotation in the region of the linkage, wherein three further axes of rotation are formed between the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) extend in one direction along the axes of rotation and engage in one another in several planes, wherein the top plane covers the other planes. [0063] 5. A hinge (1) for connecting a movable part (T) to another part (R), in particular according to one of the embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the hinge (1) has four levers (2, 3, 4, 5), wherein two of the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) engage with one of the other levers (2, 3, 4, 5) at the respective lever arm ends (15, 16, 17, 18) with projections (44) formed at the lever arm ends (15, 16, 17, 18) and in the projections (44) an aligned bore is formed, into which a pin-shaped element is inserted to form an axis of rotation. [0064] 6. The hinge (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein an attachment (6) is provided, by means of which two of the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) are connected, wherein the attachment (6) serves in particular for attachment to the moving part (T) or the other part (R). [0065] 7. The hinge (1) according to embodiment 6, wherein each of the attachments (6) has two pin-like elements which are guided through openings or bores/bushings arranged at the end on the levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and the attachment (6). [0066] 8. The hinge (1) according to embodiment 6 or 7, wherein the height of the lever (2, 3, 4, 5) essentially corresponds to the height of a receptacle (32) on the attachment (6). [0067] 9. The hinge (1) according to embodiment 8, wherein the receptacle (32) is formed by two struts (33, 34) on a base plate (35), in particular in the manner of a clamp. [0068] 10. The hinge (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 9, wherein three fingers (43) are provided on one lever (2, 3, 4, 5), which fingers protrude through three openings (42) of another lever (2, 3, 4, 5). [0069] 11. The hinge (1) according to embodiment 10, wherein two of the openings (42) are open at the edge and one of the openings (42) is closed at the edge. [0070] 12. The hinge (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein two substantially straight levers (2, 3, 4, 5) and two substantially curved levers (2, 3, 4, 5) are provided, and the two curved levers (2, 3, 4, 5) are straight in portions in the region between the lever arm ends and engage with each other in this region and form an angle relative to the straight region between the lever arm ends in the region of the lever arm ends. [0071] 13. The hinge (1) according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein two of the four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) have lever arm ends which are offset from the middle region of the lever (2, 3, 4, 5). [0072] 14. Use of levers (2, 3, 4, 5) for a hinge (1) for connecting a movable part (T) to another part (R), wherein four levers (2, 3, 4, 5) are used and each lever (2, 3, 4, 5) has a linkage hole (11, 12, 13, 14) at one lever arm end for linkage with the movable part (T) or the other part (R) of the frame, so that the hinge (1) forms four points of rotation (25, 26, 27, 28) in the region of the linkage, wherein two of the levers (4, 5) are used, which engage in one another in a region between the two lever arm ends (17, 18) of the levers (4, 5) and in the region of the engagement a connection transverse to the engagement is formed between the levers (4, 5). [0073] 15. A door (T) with a hinge (1) and a frame (R), wherein the hinge (1) is designed in particular according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the hinge (1) is integrated at the end in the door (T) and/or in the frame (R).