Method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books

Abstract

A novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books is provided. Such treatment method comprises: first placing the ancient books to be treated in a closed strengthening and reinforcing device; after sealing, performing dehumidification operation and vacuumizing operation on system in sequence to maintain the system dry; and after the system is stable under negative pressure, turning on a fan set, directly delivering a strengthening and reinforcing powder to the strengthening and reinforcing device via a gas pipe, or atomizing a strengthening and reinforcing solution through a ultrasonic atomizer and then delivering the atomized solution to the strengthening and reinforcing device via the gas pipe, so that the ancient books to be treated absorb the strengthening and reinforcing agent sufficiently and evenly; and meanwhile monitoring pH value and humidity of the ancient books, thereby implementing strengthening and reinforcement of the ancient books.

Claims

1. A novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books, wherein the method comprises: first placing the ancient books to be treated in a closed strengthening and reinforcing device; after sealing, performing dehumidification operation and vacuumizing operation on system in sequence to maintain the system dry; after the system is stable under negative pressure, turning on a fan set, directly delivering a strengthening and reinforcing agent to the strengthening and reinforcing device via a gas pipe, or atomizing a solution of the strengthening and reinforcing agent through a ultrasonic atomizer and then delivering the atomized solution of the strengthening and reinforcing agent to the strengthening and reinforcing device via the gas pipe, so that the ancient books to be treated absorb the strengthening and reinforcing agent sufficiently and evenly; and meanwhile monitoring humidity of the ancient books, thereby implementing strengthening and reinforcement of the ancient books; wherein the ancient books comprises ancient book, archived file, document, literature, journal, paper, calligraphy and painting, cotton and flax; and the closed strengthening and reinforcing device comprises a double-open front door, a fan set, a dehumidifier, a vacuum pump, a light, a middle partition, a gas pipe hole, a rear panel, an ultrasonic atomizer, a gas pipe and a pulley track; the double-open front door is provided on one side face of the device; the middle partition divides the device into an upper part and a lower part, bottom faces of the upper and lower parts are each provided with the fan set; the dehumidifier, the vacuum pump and the ultrasonic atomizer are arranged at an external surface of the rear panel opposite the double-open front door; lights are provided all around a lower part of the middle partition; the gas pipe locates at and runs through an upper part of the middle partition, and that section of the gas pipe is provided with the gas pipe hole, the gas pipe is connected with the ultrasonic atomizer; and the pulley track is provided on the bottom face of the lower part of the device; the device further includes visible windows, and each of the double-open front door and left and right sides of the device are provided with the visible window.

2. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein a relationship of a device volume and a total volume of the ancient books to be treated satisfies that a ratio of the device volume to the total volume of the ancient books to be treated is 1.1:1-50:1.

3. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein the dehumidification operation is as follows: dehumidifying the system to have air humidity of 10%-90% through a dehumidifier and maintaining for 2-24 hours; duration of the dehumidification operation depends on an original humidity of the ancient books and the closed device volume; when the original humidity of the ancient books is 8%-9% and the device volume is 1.5-2 times the total volume of the ancient books to be treated, the duration of the dehumidification operation is 2-24 hours; when the original humidity is reduced by 10%, the duration of the dehumidification operation is reduced by 2-6 hours; when the device volume is doubled, the duration of the dehumidification operation is increased by 3-8 hours.

4. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein the vacuumizing operation is performed as follows: after the dehumidification operation is completed, vacuumizing the system to have an inner pressure of 0 to −0.08 MPa through a vacuum pump, and maintaining the closed system under stable negative pressure until the strengthening and reinforcement is completed.

5. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic atomizer is an ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer is placed in a container containing with the strengthening and reinforcing agent and is powered on, wherein the structure of the strengthening and reinforcing agent is dispersed and atomized into small-molecular atomized gas by means of high-frequency resonance of a piezoelectric ceramic.

6. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein the strengthening and reinforcing agent is a nanoscale strengthening and reinforcing powder, an organic solution, or an inorganic solution; the solution of the strengthening and reinforcing agent comprises an adhesive, a graft copolymer, a complex strengthening agent or a catalyst, and by means of a pressurizing or ultrasonic atomizer, the solution is dispersed into liquid drops in micronscale to nanoscale having an average particle size of 1 nm-2 μm.

7. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein the strengthening and reinforcing agent comprises a nanoscale polyvinyl alcohol powder, a nanoscale carboxymethyl cellulose powder, and a nanocellulose powder.

8. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein through the gas pipe, the fan set slowly introduces the nanoscale strengthening and reinforcing powder or the strengthening and reinforcing agent atomized by the ultrasonic transducer into the closed strengthening and reinforcing device, and circulates the strengthening and reinforcing agent inside the system for even distribution.

9. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein air humidity inside the system is maintained at 10%-90%.

10. The novel method for strengthening and reinforcing ancient books according to claim 1, wherein the strengthening and reinforcing device has an ancient book humidity monitor therein, after the ancient book humidity monitored reaches 3%-10% and is maintained for 1-48 hours, the system is turned off; duration of the strengthening and reinforcement depends on the humidity of the ancient books and a closed device volume, when the original humidity of the ancient books is 5%-10% and the device volume is 1.5-2 times a total volume of the ancient books to be treated, the strengthening and reinforcement lasts for 2-5 hours; when the original humidity is increased by 1%, the duration of strengthening and reinforcement is reduced by 1-6 hours; when the device volume is doubled, the duration of strengthening and reinforcement is increased by 3-8 hours.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a strengthening and reinforcing device of the present invention;

(2) FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a middle partition;

(3) FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a bookrack;

(4) FIG. 4 is an air flow diagram of the present invention.

(5) Each component in the figures is as follows: double-open front door 1, visible window 2, water groove 3, fan set 4, hygrometer 5, dehumidifier 6, vacuum pump 7, piezometer 8, pH meter 9, light 10, middle partition 11, gas pipe hole 12, rear panel 13, ultrasonic atomizer 14, gas pipe 15, PLC-control system 16, drain valve 17, pulley track 18, bookrack 19, and air outlet 20.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

(6) The present invention is further described in detail by combining the following specific embodiment, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those technological parameters which are not described particularly can be carried out by referring to conventional technologies.

(7) A strengthening and reinforcing device of the present invention has a structure as follows, shown as FIG. 1 to FIG. 4. The strengthening and reinforcing device, includes a double-open front door 1, a fan set 4, a dehumidifier 6, a vacuum pump 7, a light 10, a middle partition 11, a gas pipe hole 12, a rear panel 13, an ultrasonic atomizer 14, a gas pipe 15 and a pulley track 18; the double-open front door 1 is provided on one side face of the device; the middle partition 11 divides the device into an upper part and a lower part, bottom faces of the upper and lower parts are each provided with the fan set 4; the dehumidifier 6, the vacuum pump 7 and the ultrasonic atomizer 14 are arranged at an external surface of the rear panel 13 opposite the double-open front door 1; lights 10 are provided all around a lower part of the middle partition; the gas pipe 15 locates at and runs through an upper part of the middle partition 11, and that section of the gas pipe is provided with the gas pipe hole 12, the gas pipe 15 is connected with the ultrasonic atomizer 14; and the pulley track 18 is provided on the bottom face of the lower part of the device. The device further includes visible windows 2. Both sides of the double-open front door 1 and left and right sides of the device are provided with the visible windows 2. The device further includes a hygrometer 5, a piezometer 8 and a pH meter 9; the hygrometer 5, the piezometer 8 and the pH meter 9 are all provided in the interior of the device. A PLC-control system 16 is fixed on the double-open front door 1; the fan set 4, the dehumidifier 6, the vacuum pump 7, the ultrasonic atomizer 14, the lights 10 and a bookrack 19 are integrally controlled by the PLC-control system, by monitoring the hygrometer 5, the piezometer 8 and the pH meter 9, real-time control of on-off of the lights, on-off of the fan, wind speed, on-off of the dehumidifier, air volume of the dehumidifier, on-off of the vacuum pump, wind speed of vacuum pumping, on-off of the ultrasonic atomizer, atomization volume, on-off of spinning of the bookrack and duration of spinning of the bookrack is performed. The device is made of an external material and an internal material, the external material is carbon steel, and the internal material is stainless steel; the device has a total width of 1 m-2.5 m, a height of 1 m-2.5 m, and a length of 3 m-12 m. The device further includes a water groove 3 and a drain valve 17; the water groove is provided at the bottom face of the lower part of the device, locating at two sides of the device and the bottom face close to the rear panel; the water groove 3 has a depth of 1-10 cm below the bottom face and a width of 1-10 cm; the water groove 3 is connected to the drain valve 17; two pulley tracks 13 are provided, and a width between the two pulley tracks 13 is consistent with the width of the bookrack 19. The middle partition 11 is provided with an air outlet 20 thereon, since the closer to the fan, the higher the air velocity, an area of the air outlet increases with a distance from the fan set in a direction from the near to the distant. The bookrack 19 is made of stainless steel, with wheels at the bottom; the bookrack is provided with a link chain of stainless steel, a book basket is fixed on the link chain which is driven by a motor; after the motor is on, the book basket runs upward and downward so that more even absorption of atomized gas for the books is obtained; the book basket is designed as slightly wider at the top and slightly narrower at the bottom, the ancient books are opened laterally and placed with a lateral side facing upward, wind coming from the fan set 4 from top to bottom opens the ancient books slightly, allowing more even permeation of a strengthening and reinforcing agent.

Embodiment 1

(8) Five Ancient Medical Book (edition 1937, published by People's Medical Publishing House) having a volume of 0.004 m.sup.3 were taken and tested to have a paper original humidity of 8.6%, and the books were placed in a 0.25 m×0.25 m×0.1 m strengthening and reinforcing device having a volume of 0.00625 m.sup.3. First, dehumidification was carried out to the system for 4 hours, and the dehumidifier was turned off when time's up. Then the vacuum pump was turned on to vacuumize the system until the pressure reached −0.05 MPa, and the vacuum pump was turned off. The ultrasonic atomizer was turned on, and a 0.1% CMC solution was selected as a strengthening and reinforcing agent and added to a container. The prepared CMC solution was atomized by the ultrasonic transducer and introduced into a sealed container via the gas pipe for strengthening and reinforcement. By adjusting an atomization volume of atomized gas, air humidity inside the system was controlled to be approximately 50%. The strengthening of ancient books was performed simultaneously with monitoring the humidity of the ancient books. When the monitored humidity of the ancient books reached 9%, the system was maintained stable for 2 hours, and then the system was turned off. Samples were taken to compare the paper performance average values before and after the strengthening and reinforcement, shown as Table 1:

(9) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Tensile Folding Water strength Tear strength pH content % (kN/m) Burst (mN) (Times) Before the 5.98 8.6 1.460 1.568 28 3 strengthening and reinforcement After the 6.21 9.1 3.540 2.425 34 4 strengthening and reinforcement

Embodiment 2

(10) Five Ancient Medical Book (edition 1937, published by People's Medical Publishing House) having a volume of 0.004 m.sup.3 were taken and tested to have a paper original humidity of 7.1%, and the books were placed in a 0.25 m×0.25 m×0.1 m strengthening and reinforcing device having a volume of 0.00625 m.sup.3. First, dehumidification was carried out to the system for 3 hours, and the dehumidifier was turned off when time's up. Then the vacuum pump was turned on to vacuumize the system until the pressure reached −0.01 MPa, and the vacuum pump was turned off. The ultrasonic atomizer was turned on, and a 0.1% CMC solution was selected as a strengthening and reinforcing agent and added to a container. The prepared CMC solution was atomized by the ultrasonic transducer and introduced into a sealed container via the gas pipe for strengthening and reinforcement. By adjusting an atomization volume of atomized gas, air humidity inside the system was controlled to be approximately 50%. The strengthening of ancient books was performed simultaneously with monitoring the humidity of the ancient books. When the monitored humidity of the ancient books reached 9%, the system was maintained stable for 2 hours, and then the system was turned off. Samples were taken to compare the paper performance average values before and after the strengthening and reinforcement, shown as Table 2:

(11) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Tensile Folding Water strength Tear strength pH content % (kN/m) Burst (mN) (Times) Before the 5.98 8.6 1.460 1.568 28 3 strengthening and reinforcement After the 6.22 9.0 3.430 2.315 33 3 strengthening and reinforcement

Embodiment 3

(12) Five Ancient Medical Book (edition 1937, published by People's Medical Publishing House) having a volume of 0.004 m.sup.3 were taken and tested to have a paper original humidity of 7.1%, and the books were placed in a 0.25 m×0.25 m×0.1 m strengthening and reinforcing device having a volume of 0.00625 m.sup.3. First, dehumidification was carried out to the system for 5 hours, and the dehumidifier was turned off when time's up. Then the vacuum pump was turned on to vacuumize the system until the pressure reached −0.05 MPa, and the vacuum pump was turned off. The ultrasonic atomizer was turned on, and a 0.2% CMC solution was selected as a strengthening and reinforcing agent and added to a container. The prepared CMC solution was atomized by the ultrasonic transducer and introduced into a sealed container via the gas pipe for strengthening and reinforcement. By adjusting an atomization volume of atomized gas, air humidity inside the system was controlled to be approximately 50%. The strengthening of ancient books was performed simultaneously with monitoring the humidity of the ancient books. When the monitored humidity of the ancient books reached 9%, the system was maintained stable for 2 hours, and then the system was turned off. Samples were taken to compare the paper performance average values before and after the strengthening and reinforcement, shown as Table 3:

(13) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Tensile Folding Water strength Tear strength pH content % (kN/m) Burst (mN) (Times) Before the 5.98 8.6 1.460 1.568 28 3 strengthening and reinforcement After the 6.11 9.3 3.980 2.935 35 4 strengthening and reinforcement

(14) The above embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative examples for the present invention, but implementations of the present invention are not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various variation or alteration can be made based on the above description. However, there is no need and cannot be exhaustive for all implementations. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.