Sensor device and particulate matter sensor

Abstract

The invention is based on a sensor device (10) with at least one sensor unit (12) comprising at least one laser unit (14) for a generation of at least one laser beam (16) and comprising at least one detection unit (18) for a detection of, in particular reflected, laser beams (20), with an evaluation unit (22) which is configured to process detected laser beams (20) into at least one sensor signal (39), and with a control unit (26) which is configured, in a continuous operation state, to actuate the sensor unit (12) and the evaluation unit (22) for an operation of the sensor unit (12) and the evaluation unit (22) in alternating switch-on intervals (31, 43) and switch-off intervals (33, 45). It is proposed that the evaluation unit (22) is configured to generate the at least one sensor signal (39) from at least two different switch-on intervals (31) of the sensor unit (12).

Claims

1. A particulate matter sensor having a sensor device comprising at least one sensor unit comprising at least one laser unit for a generation of at least one laser beam and comprising at least one photodetector for a detection of laser beams, a switch element which is configured to process detected laser beams into sensor signals, a control unit which is configured, in a continuous operation state, to actuate the sensor unit and the switch element for an operation of the sensor unit and the switch element in alternating switch-on intervals and switch-off intervals, limit the switch-on intervals of the sensor unit and the switch-on intervals of the switch element to a duration of maximally 60 s, limit the switch-on intervals of the sensor unit and the switch-on intervals of the evaluation unit all to a same duration, and limit the switch-off intervals of the sensor unit and the switch-off intervals of the switch element all to a same duration, wherein the switch element is configured to generate in the switch-on intervals the sensor signals as moving averages from data, which were captured and stored by the photodetector in the last four different switch-on intervals of the sensor unit, and wherein in the switch-on intervals of the switch element, the switch element generates sensor signals from the fourth switch-on interval of the switch element on, with the first three sensor signals being implemented as zero signals when a minimum number of four switch-on intervals of the sensor unit have not been gone through yet.

2. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the switch element is configured to generate at least two sensor signals from laser beams detected in a switch-on interval of the sensor unit.

3. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the switch element is configured to generate different sensor signals at a maximum temporal distance of 60 s to each other.

4. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the at least two switch-on intervals of the sensor unit together have a duration that depends on laser beams detected by the sensor unit.

Description

DRAWING

(1) Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawing. In the drawing an exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated. The drawing, the description and the claims contain a plurality of features in combination. Someone skilled in the art will purposefully also consider the features separately and will find further expedient combinations.

(2) It is shown in:

(3) FIG. 1 a particulate matter sensor according to the invention with a sensor device according to the invention, in a schematic representation,

(4) FIG. 2 diagrams of a continuous operation state of the sensor device according to the invention, in a schematic representation,

(5) FIG. 3 diagrams of a continuous operation state of the sensor device according to the invention, in a schematic representation,

(6) FIG. 4 diagrams of a continuous operation state of the sensor device according to the invention, in a schematic representation,

(7) FIG. 5 diagrams of a continuous operation state of the sensor device according to the invention, in a schematic representation, and

(8) FIG. 6 diagrams of a continuous operation state of the sensor device according to the invention, in a schematic representation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT

(9) FIG. 1 shows a particulate matter sensor 50. The particulate matter sensor 50 comprises a sensor device 10. The particulate matter sensor 50 comprises a sensor housing. The sensor device 10 is arranged in the sensor housing. The particulate matter sensor 50 is in particular configured for measuring a number of particles. The particulate matter sensor 50, in particular the sensor housing, in particular comprises a data interface for a coupling with an external device, in particular for an, in particular wireless, signal transmission.

(10) The sensor device 10 comprises a sensor unit 12. The sensor unit 12 comprises a laser unit 14 for a generation of at least one laser beam 16. The sensor unit 12 comprises a detection unit 18 for a detection of, in particular reflected, laser beams 20. The laser unit 14 comprises a laser element 15 for a generation of the laser beam 16. The laser element 15 is embodied as a vertical-cavity edge emitter.

(11) The detection unit 18 is configured for a detection of reflected laser beams 20. The detection unit 18 comprises a detection element 19 for a detection of reflected laser beams 20, which were in particular originally generated by the laser unit 14, in particular the laser element 15. The detection element 19 is implemented as a photodetector, in particular as a photodiode. The detection unit 18 comprises a storage element. The detection unit 18 is configured to store the last-measured ten thousand data, in particular data units.

(12) The laser unit 14 and the detection unit 18 are implemented as a structural-component unit. In particular, the sensor unit 12 is implemented as a structural-component unit. The laser element 15 is indirectly connected to the detection element 19. In particular, the laser element 15 is connected to the detection element 19 in such a way that it is immovable with respect to the detection element 19. The laser element 15 and the detection element 19, in particular the laser unit 14 and the detection unit 18, are embodied as a vertical-cavity edge emitter with integrated photodiode.

(13) The sensor device 10 comprises an evaluation unit 22. The evaluation unit 22 is configured to process detected laser beams 20 into sensor signals 39, 39, 39, 39 (see FIG. 2). The evaluation unit 22 is connected to the sensor unit 12 for a data transmission. The evaluation unit 22 comprises a storage element. The evaluation unit 22 is configured to store the last-generated ten thousand sensor signals 39.

(14) The evaluation unit 22 comprises an evaluation element 24. The evaluation element 24 is configured to process the detected laser beams 20 into at least one sensor signal 39. The evaluation element 24 is embodied as an application-specific integrated circuit, in particular as an ASIC element.

(15) The sensor device 10 is configured to output the sensor signal 39 generated by the evaluation unit 22 as a sensor signal 39 of the sensor device 10.

(16) The sensor device 10 comprises a control unit 26, which is implemented as a computing unit 25. The control unit comprises a processor, a working storage and a hard disk, which are connected to one another, in particular for the purpose of implementing the control unit 26. The control unit 26 is configured to operate the sensor unit 12, in particular to switch the sensor unit 12 on and off. The control unit 26 is configured to operate the evaluation unit 22, in particular to switch the evaluation unit 22 on and off.

(17) The control unit 26 is configured to operate the sensor unit 12 and the evaluation unit 22, in particular to switch the sensor unit 12 and the evaluation unit 22 on and off, in particular independently from each other, according to an operation program, in particular at defined times, for example following a defined time schedule. The control unit 26 is configured, in a continuous operation state, for operating the sensor unit 12 and the evaluation unit 22, to actuate the sensor unit 12 and the evaluation unit 22 in alternating switch-on intervals 31, 43 and switch-off intervals 33, 45. The control unit 26 is connected to the sensor unit 12, in particular the laser unit 14, in particular the detection unit 18. The control unit 26 is connected to the evaluation unit 22, in particular for a data transmission.

(18) The sensor device 10 comprises a temperature sensor 28. The temperature sensor 28 is embodied as a Pt1000 element. The temperature sensor 28 is configured to capture a temperature of the evaluation unit 22 and of the sensor unit 12. The temperature sensor 28 is connected to the evaluation unit 22 and to the sensor unit 12, in particular for the purpose of capturing the temperature of the evaluation unit 22 and the temperature of the sensor unit 12. The control unit 26 is connected to the temperature sensor 28, in particular for a transmission of the temperatures of the sensor unit 12 and of the evaluation unit 22.

(19) FIG. 2 shows possible flow diagrams of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26. In particular, FIG. 2 may be understood as an exemplary time interval, in particular as a portion of the continuous operation state, of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26.

(20) Diagram a) of FIG. 2 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 30, on which a time is plotted, and an ordinate 32, on which two switch states S.sub.0 and S.sub.1 of the sensor unit are plotted. The switch state S.sub.0 corresponds to an off state of the sensor unit 12. The switch state S.sub.1 corresponds to an on state of the sensor unit 12.

(21) Diagram b) of FIG. 2 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 34, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 30, and an ordinate 36, on which events which are detectable by the detection unit 18 are plotted as event states E.sub.0 and E.sub.1.

(22) Diagram c) of FIG. 2 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 38, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 30, and an ordinate 40, on which sensor signals 39 generated by the evaluation unit 22 are plotted as event states Sig.sub.0, Sig.sub.1, Sig.sub.2 and Sig.sub.3.

(23) Diagram d) of FIG. 2 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 42, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 30, and an ordinate 44, on which two switch states A.sub.0 and A.sub.01 of the evaluation unit 22 are plotted. The switch state A.sub.0 corresponds to an off state of the evaluation unit 22. The switch state A.sub.1 corresponds to an on state of the evaluation unit 22.

(24) Diagram e) of FIG. 2 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 46, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 30, and an ordinate 48, on which a temperature of the sensor unit 12, in particular of the laser unit 14, is plotted.

(25) In the continuous operation state the control unit 26 controls the sensor unit 12 and the evaluation unit 14 into respective on states and/or off states.

(26) The control unit 26 operates the sensor unit 12 in the continuous operation state by repeatedly switching the sensor unit 12 on and off. In diagram a) of FIG. 2 several switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 are shown. In a switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12, the sensor unit 12 is in an on state S.sub.1. In diagram a) of FIG. 2 several switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 are shown. In a switch-off interval 33 of the sensor unit 12, the sensor unit 12 is in an off state S.sub.0.

(27) The control unit 26 operates the evaluation unit 22 in the continuous operation state by repeatedly switching the evaluation unit 12 on and off. In diagram d) of FIG. 2 several switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 are shown. In a switch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22, the evaluation unit 22 is in an on state A.sub.1. In diagram d) of FIG. 2 several switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 are shown. In a switch-off interval 45 of the evaluation unit 22, the evaluation unit 22 is in an off state A.sub.0.

(28) The control unit 26 operates the sensor unit 12 and the evaluation unit 22 in the continuous operation state according to an operation program that gives defined switch-on times and switch-off times for the sensor unit 12 and for the evaluation unit 22.

(29) For each duration of the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, the control unit 26 switches the sensor unit 12 on for a generation of the laser beam 16 and for a detection of reflected laser beams 20. For each duration of the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12, the control unit 26 switches the sensor unit 12 off, in particular for the purpose of stopping a heating of the sensor unit 12.

(30) Diagram b) of FIG. 2 shows events detectable by the sensor unit 12, in particular by the detection unit 18, as event states E.sub.0 and E.sub.1. The detectable events symbolize reflected laser beams 20 hitting onto the detection element 19, in particular onto the detection unit 18. If a detectable event, in particular a reflected laser beam 20, hits onto the detection element 19, in particular onto the detection unit 18, in a switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12, the event will be detected in the form of data. If in a switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12 no detectable event, in particular no reflected laser beam 20, hits onto the detection element 19, in particular onto the detection unit 18, no event will be detected in the form of data, in particular data units, and the data, in particular data units, from this switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12 are implemented as zero data. The control unit 26 operates the sensor unit 12 for a storage of the data from the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. The sensor unit 12 is configured for a generation of the laser beam 16 in the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and for a detection and storage of reflected portions of the laser beam 16, in particular the reflected laser beams 20, as data. The detection unit 18 is configured to store the last-captured ten thousand data units. Data captured in a switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12 correspond to one data unit.

(31) For each duration of the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22, the control unit 26 switches the evaluation unit 22 on for an evaluation of the data, in particular the detected laser beams 20, of the sensor unit 12, in particular of the detection unit 18.

(32) For each duration of the switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22, the control unit 26 switches the evaluation unit 22 off, in particular for stopping a heating of the evaluation unit 22 and in particular for stopping a heating of the sensor unit 12 by heat transfer.

(33) Diagram c) of FIG. 2 shows sensor signals 39, which were generated by the evaluation unit 22 towards an end of switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22, as event states Sig.sub.0, Sig.sub.1, Sig.sub.2 and Sig.sub.3.

(34) The evaluation unit 22, in particular the evaluation element 24, is configured to capture and store, in a switch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22, the data, in particular data units, of the detection unit 18, in particular of the detection element 19, in particular of the sensor unit 12, from several switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. The evaluation unit 22, in particular the evaluation element 24, is configured to generate the sensor signals 39 from the data of the detection unit 18, in particular of the detection element 19, in a switch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22. In switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22, the evaluation unit 22 generates sensor signals 39, in particular from the fourthin particular with a progression of timeswitch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22 on. In particular with a progression of time, the first three sensor signals 39by way of exampleare implemented as event states Sig.sub.0, in particular as zero signals, in particular as a minimum number of switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 have not been gone through yet.

(35) The evaluation unit 22 generatesby way of exampleeach sensor signal 39 from the data of the last four switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. In particular, the evaluation unit 22 processes, in particular stores, the data which the sensor unit 12, in particular the detection unit 18, captures and in particular stores. In particular, the evaluation unit 22, in particular the evaluation element 24, is configured for generating, in particular multiplexing, the sensor signals 39 from data, in particular stored data, which were captured by the sensor unit 12, in particular the detection unit 18, in four different switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12.

(36) The sensor signals 39 are generated by the evaluation unit 22by way of exampledepending on the number of detected laser beams 20 in the corresponding last four switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12.

(37) Diagram e) of FIG. 2 shows a temperature development of the laser unit 14 in the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. In particular, an average temperature T.sub.1 is shown in diagram e) of FIG. 2. During the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, the temperature of the laser unit 14 increases in each case. The temperature of the laser unit 14 decreases during the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 in each case approximately by the value by which the temperature has increased during the switch-on intervals 31. The temperature progression is meant to be exemplary for a temperature equilibrium phase of the continuous operation state, wherein the temperature equilibrium phase occurs quickly following a start phase, in which the temperature cools down less between the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 than the temperature has increased during the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12.

(38) The control unit 26 is configured to limit the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 all to a same duration, which is in particular 1 s respectively. By way of example, the control unit 26 is configured temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to limit the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 all to a same duration, in particular to 1 s respectively. By way of example, the control unit 26 limits temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 all to a same duration, which is in particular 1 s respectively. By way of example, the control unit 26 is configured temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to limit all switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 to a same duration. By way of example, the control unit 26 is configured temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to limit all switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 to a same duration.

(39) The control unit 26 is configured to limit the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 all to a same duration, which is in particular 1 s respectively. By way of example, the control unit 26 is configured temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to limit the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 all to a same duration, in particular to 1 s respectively. By way of example, the control unit 26 limits temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 all to a same duration, which is in particular 1 s respectively. By way of example, the control unit 26 limits temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, all switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 to a same duration, which is in particular 1 s. By way of example, the control unit 26 limits temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, all switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 to a same duration of in particular 1 s. By way of example, the control unit 26 limits temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, all switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 and all switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 to a same duration of in particular 1 s.

(40) The control unit 26 is configured to limit the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 to a duration of maximally 60 s, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state. By way of example, the control unit 26 limits temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 to a duration of maximally 60 s. By way of example, the control unit 26 limits temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, all switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 to a duration of maximally 4 s. By way of example, the control unit 26 limits temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, all switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 to a duration of maximally 4 s.

(41) The evaluation unit 22 is, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, configured to generate different sensor signals 39 at a maximum temporal distance of 60 s to each other. The evaluation unit 22 is, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, configured to generate different, in particular all, sensor signals 39 at a maximum temporal distance of 60 s to each other. The evaluation unit 22 generates, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, different, in particular all, sensor signals 39 at a maximum temporal distance of 60 s to each other. The evaluation unit 22 is, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, configured to generate all sensor signals 39 at a maximum temporal distance that maximally corresponds to a duration of two switch-off intervals 33, 45 of the evaluation unit 22 or of the sensor unit 12. The evaluation unit 22 is, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, configured to generate all sensor signals 39 at a maximum temporal distance that maximally corresponds to a duration of two switch-on intervals 31, 43 of the evaluation unit 22 or of the sensor unit 12. The evaluation unit 22 is, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, configured to generate all sensor signals 39 at a maximum temporal distance that maximally corresponds to a duration of one switch-on interval 31, 43 and one switch-off interval 33, 45 of the evaluation unit 22 or of the sensor unit 12.

(42) The evaluation unit 22 is, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, configured to generate the sensor signals 39 from four different switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. The evaluation unit 22 generates, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the sensor signals 39 in each case from four different switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, in particular by a computing operation, like for example by scaling, addition, averaging, or the like. For example, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, which the evaluation unit 22 generates in each case a sensor signal 39 from, together have a duration of at least 4 s. The switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, which the evaluation unit 22 generates in each case a sensor signal 39 from, together have a duration that depends on laser beams 20 detected by the sensor unit 12. The switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, which the evaluation unit 22 generates in each case a sensor signal 39 from, have an added-up duration that is varied by the control unit 26, depending on laser beams 20 detected by the sensor unit 12, in such a way that an added-up duration of the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, which the evaluation unit 22 generates in each case a sensor signal 39 from, is the shorter the more laser beams 20 were detected in the current switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12, in particular the more laser beams 20 were captured as data in the current switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12, in particular the smaller a measurement inaccuracy is in the current switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12.

(43) The evaluation unit 22 is, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, configured to generate the sensor signals 39 from four different switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, wherein the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 together have a duration of at least 4 s. The evaluation unit 22 generates, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the sensor signals 39 from four different switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, the four different switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 together having a duration of at least 4 s.

(44) The evaluation unit 22 is, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, configured to generate four sensor signals 39 from laser beams 20 detected in a switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12. The evaluation unit 22 generates, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, four sensor signals 39 from laser beams 20 detected in a switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12. Each sensor signal 39 generated by the evaluation unit 22 is partially implemented of data from four different switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12, in particular of four different data units. Each switch-on interval 31 provides data for four different sensor signals 39.

(45) The evaluation unit 22 generates, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, four sensor signals 39 from data as which the laser beams 20 detected in a single switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12 were captured. The evaluation unit 22 processes, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the data as which the laser beams 20 detected in a single switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12 were captured, in particular four data units, in each case completely, into four sensor signals 39.

(46) The control unit 26 starts, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 simultaneously. The control unit 26 starts, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 simultaneously. The control unit 26 is configured, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to make the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 follow each other with a maximum delay of 60 s. The control unit makes, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 follow each other with a maximum delay of 60 s. The control unit 26 starts, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 with a maximum delay of 60 s relative to each other. The control unit 26 starts, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 with a maximum delay of 60 s relative to each other.

(47) FIG. 3 shows further possible flow diagrams of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26. In particular, FIG. 3 may be understood as an exemplary timespan, in particular as a portion of the continuous operation state, of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26.

(48) Diagram a) of FIG. 3 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 52, on which a time is plotted, and an ordinate 54, on which two switch states S.sub.0 and S.sub.1 of the sensor unit 12 are plotted analogously to diagram a) of FIG. 2.

(49) Diagram b) of FIG. 3 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 56, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 52, and an ordinate 58, on which events which are detectable by the detection unit 18 are plotted as event states E.sub.0 and E.sub.1 analogously to diagram b) of FIG. 2.

(50) Diagram c) of FIG. 3 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 60, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 52, and an ordinate 62, on which sensor signals 39 generated by the evaluation unit 22 are plotted as event states Sig.sub.0, Sig.sub.1, Sig.sub.2 and Sig.sub.3 analogously to diagram c) of FIG. 2.

(51) Diagram d) of FIG. 3 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 64, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 52, and an ordinate 66, on which two switch states A.sub.0 and A.sub.1 of the evaluation unit 22 are plotted analogously to diagram d) of FIG. 2.

(52) Diagram e) of FIG. 3 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 68, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 52, and an ordinate 70, on which a temperature of the sensor unit 12, in particular of the laser unit 14, is plotted analogously to diagram e) of FIG. 2.

(53) The following description concerns the example of the continuous operation state shown in FIG. 3, wherein in particular the differences in regard to the example shown in FIG. 2 will be explained, and principally the general principles of the example of FIG. 2 shall also apply to the example of FIG. 3.

(54) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to temporally offset the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 at least partly.

(55) The control unit 26 is configured, in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to start a first switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12 before a first switch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22. The control unit 26 starts, in the continuous operation state for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, a first switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12 before a first switch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22.

(56) The control unit 26 offsets, in the continuous operation state for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 temporally by 40% of a duration of the switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12, in particular of a duration of a switch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22, which are in particular of the same length. The control unit 26 offsets, in the continuous operation state for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 temporally by less than 300% of a duration of the switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12. The control unit 26 offsets, in the continuous operation state for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 temporally by less than 300% of a duration of the switch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22.

(57) The control unit 26 starts in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 with a minimum delay of 0.1 s relative to each other. The control unit 26 starts in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 with a minimum delay of 0.1 s relative to each other.

(58) Diagram e) of FIG. 3 shows a temperature development of the laser unit 14 in the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. In particular, an average temperature T.sub.2 is shown in diagram e) of FIG. 3. The average temperature T.sub.2 is lower than the average temperature T.sub.1 of the example shown in FIG. 2.

(59) FIG. 4 shows further possible flow diagrams of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26. In particular, FIG. 4 may be understood as an exemplary timespan, in particular as a portion of the continuous operation state, of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26.

(60) FIG. 4 differs from FIG. 3 only in that the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 are temporally fully offset from the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22.

(61) Diagram a) of FIG. 4 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 72, on which a time is plotted, and an ordinate 74, on which two switch states S.sub.0 and S.sub.1 of the sensor unit 12 are plotted analogously to diagram a) of FIG. 3.

(62) Diagram b) of FIG. 4 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 76, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 72, and an ordinate 78, on which events which are detectable by the detection unit 18 are plotted as event states E.sub.0 and E.sub.1 analogously to diagram b) of FIG. 3.

(63) Diagram c) of FIG. 4 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 80, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 72, and an ordinate 82, on which sensor signals 39 generated by the evaluation unit 22 are plotted as event states Sig.sub.0, Sig.sub.1, Sig.sub.2 and Sig.sub.3 analogously to diagram c) of FIG. 3.

(64) Diagram d) of FIG. 4 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 84, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 72, and an ordinate 86, on which two switch states A.sub.0 and A.sub.1 of the evaluation unit 22 are plotted analogously to diagram d) of FIG. 3.

(65) Diagram e) of FIG. 4 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 88, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 72, and an ordinate 90, on which a temperature of the sensor unit 12, in particular the laser unit 14, is plotted analogously to diagram e) of FIG. 3.

(66) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to fully temporally offset the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22.

(67) The control unit 26 offsets, in the continuous operation state for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 temporally by 100% of a duration of the switch-on interval 31 of the sensor unit 12, in particular of a duration of a switch-on interval 43 of the evaluation unit 22, which are in particular of the same length.

(68) In the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, the control unit 26 makes the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 follow each other without delay.

(69) Diagram e) of FIG. 4 shows a temperature development of the laser unit 14 in the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. In particular, an average temperature T.sub.3 is shown in diagram e) of FIG. 4. The average temperature T.sub.3 is lower than the average temperature T.sub.1 of the example shown in FIG. 2 and lower than the average temperature T.sub.2 of the example shown in FIG. 3, in particular due to a smaller heat transfer from the evaluation unit 22 to the sensor unit 12.

(70) FIG. 5 shows further possible flow diagrams of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26. In particular, FIG. 5 may be understood as an exemplary timespan, in particular as a portion of the continuous operation state, of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26.

(71) FIG. 5 differs from FIG. 4 only in that the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 are temporally variable.

(72) Diagram a) of FIG. 5 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 92, on which a time is plotted, and an ordinate 94, on which two switch states S.sub.0 and S.sub.1 of the sensor unit 12 are plotted analogously to diagram a) of FIG. 2.

(73) Diagram b) of FIG. 5 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 96, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 92, and an ordinate 98, on which events which are detectable by the detection unit 18 are plotted as event states E.sub.0 and E.sub.1 analogously to diagram b) of FIG. 2.

(74) Diagram c) of FIG. 5 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 100, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 92, and an ordinate 102, on which sensor signals 39 generated by the evaluation unit 22 are plotted as event states Sig.sub.0, Sig.sub.1, Sig.sub.2 and Sig.sub.3 analogously to diagram c) of FIG. 2.

(75) Diagram d) of FIG. 5 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 104, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 92, and an ordinate 106, on which two switch states A.sub.0 and A.sub.1 of the evaluation unit 22 are plotted analogously to diagram d) of FIG. 2.

(76) Diagram e) of FIG. 5 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 108, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 92, and an ordinate 110, on which a temperature of the sensor unit 12, in particular of the laser unit 14, is plotted analogously to diagram e) of FIG. 2.

(77) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to vary a duration of the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22, in particular depending on laser beams 20, in particular depending on a number of laser beams 20, detected by the sensor unit 12.

(78) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to vary the duration of the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 between maximally 5 s and minimally 0.1 s, in particular depending on laser beams 20 detected by the sensor unit 12.

(79) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to shorten the duration of the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 if few laser beams 20 have been detected by the sensor unit 12, in particular in order to no longer operate the evaluation unit 22 for a generation of the sensor signal 39.

(80) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, to make switch-on intervals 31, in particular a fourth and a seventh switch-on interval 31 of FIG. 5, of the sensor unit 12 follow switch-on intervals 43, in particular a third and a sixth switch-on interval of FIG. 5, of the evaluation unit 22 with a delay that is in particular at least 0.01 s.

(81) Diagram e) of FIG. 5 shows a temperature development of the laser unit 14 in the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. In particular, an average temperature T.sub.4 is shown in diagram e) of FIG. 5. The average temperature T.sub.4 is lower than the average temperature T.sub.1 of the example shown in FIG. 2, than the average temperature T.sub.2 of the example shown in FIG. 3 and than the average temperature T.sub.3 of the example shown in FIG. 4, in particular due to an even smaller heat transfer from the evaluation unit 22 to the sensor unit 12.

(82) FIG. 6 shows further possible flow diagrams of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26. In particular, FIG. 6 may be understood as an exemplary timespan, in particular as a portion of the continuous operation state, of the continuous operation state of the sensor device 10, in particular of the control unit 26.

(83) FIG. 6 differs from FIG. 5 in that the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 are temporally variable depending on a temperature of the evaluation unit 22 and of the sensor unit 12.

(84) Diagram a) of FIG. 6 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 112, on which a time is plotted, and an ordinate 114, on which two switch states S.sub.0 and S.sub.1 of the sensor unit 12 are plotted analogously to diagram a) of FIG. 2.

(85) Diagram b) of FIG. 6 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 116, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 112, and an ordinate 118, on which events which are detectable by the detection unit 18 are plotted as event states E.sub.0 and E.sub.1 analogously to diagram b) of FIG. 2.

(86) Diagram c) of FIG. 6 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 120, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 112, and an ordinate 122, on which sensor signals 39 generated by the evaluation unit 22 are plotted as event states Sig.sub.0, Sig.sub.1, Sig.sub.2 and Sig.sub.3 analogously to diagram c) of FIG. 2.

(87) Diagram d) of FIG. 6 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 124, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 112, and an ordinate 126, on which two switch states A.sub.0 and A.sub.1 of the evaluation unit 22 are plotted analogously to diagram d) of FIG. 2.

(88) Diagram e) of FIG. 6 in particular shows a diagram with an abscissa 128, which in particular corresponds to the abscissa 112, and an ordinate 130, on which a temperature of the sensor unit 12, in particular of the laser unit 14, is plotted analogously to diagram e) of FIG. 2.

(89) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to vary a duration of the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 and a duration of the switch-off intervals 45 of the evaluation unit 22 depending on a temperature of the sensor unit 12.

(90) Analogously the control unit 26 could alternatively be configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to vary a duration of the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 and a duration of the switch-off intervals 33 of the sensor unit 12, in particular depending on a temperature of the evaluation unit 22 or of the sensor unit 12.

(91) Diagram e) of FIG. 5 shows a temperature development of the laser unit 14 in the switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. In particular, in diagram e) of FIG. 5 an average temperature T.sub.5 is shown for three first switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12. In diagram e) of FIG. 5, in particular an average temperature T.sub.6 is shown for four switch-on intervals 31 of the sensor unit 12 following the first three switch-on intervals 31.

(92) The average temperature T.sub.5 is higher than a limit temperature T.sub.grenz. The average temperature T.sub.6 is lower than the limit temperature T.sub.grenz.

(93) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to vary a duration of the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 and a duration of the switch-off intervals 45 of the valuation unit 22 depending on the temperature of the sensor unit 12.

(94) The control unit 26 is configured, in particular in the continuous operation state, for example temporarily, in particular during the whole continuous operation state, to shorten a duration of the switch-on intervals 43 of the evaluation unit 22 above the limit temperature T.sub.grenz of the sensor unit 12.

(95) TABLE-US-00001 Reference numerals 10 Sensorvorrichtung sensor device 12 Sensoreinheit sensor unit 14 Lasereinheit laser unit 15 Laserelement laser element 16 Laserstrahl laser beam 18 Detektionseinheit detection unit 19 Detektionselement detection element 20 Laserstrahl laser beam 22 Auswerteeinheit evaluation unit 24 Auswerteelement evaluation element 25 Recheneinheit computing unit 26 Kontrolleinheit control unit 28 Temperatursensor temperature sensor 30 Abszisse abscissa 31 Einschaltintervall switch-on interval 32 Ordinate ordinate 33 Ausschaltintervall switch-off interval 34 Abszisse abscissa 36 Ordinate ordinate 38 Abszisse abscissa 39 Sensorsignal sensor signal 40 Ordinate ordinate 42 Abszisse abscissa 43 Einschaltintervall switch-on interval 44 Ordinate ordinate 45 Ausschaltintervall switch-off interval 46 Abszisse abscissa 48 Ordinate ordinate 50 Partikelsensor particulate matter sensor 52 Abszisse abscissa 54 Ordinate ordinate 56 Abszisse abscissa 58 Ordinate ordinate 60 Abszisse abscissa 62 Ordinate ordinate 64 Abszisse abscissa 66 Ordinate ordinate 68 Abszisse abscissa 70 Ordinate ordinate 72 Abszisse abscissa 74 Ordinate ordinate 76 Abszisse abscissa 78 Ordinate ordinate 80 Abszisse abscissa 82 Ordinate ordinate 84 Abszisse abscissa 86 Ordinate ordinate 88 Abszisse abscissa 90 Ordinate ordinate 92 Abszisse abscissa 94 Ordinate ordinate 96 Abszisse abscissa 98 Ordinate ordinate 100 Abszisse abscissa 102 Ordinate ordinate 104 Abszisse abscissa 106 Ordinate ordinate 108 Abszisse abscissa 110 Ordinate ordinate 112 Abszisse abscissa 114 Ordinate ordinate 116 Abszisse abscissa 118 Ordinate ordinate 120 Abszisse abscissa 122 Ordinate ordinate 124 Abszisse abscissa 126 Ordinate ordinate 128 Abszisse abscissa 130 Ordinate ordinate