Arrangement for liquefying natural gas and method for starting said arrangement

Abstract

An arrangement for liquefying natural gas is provided. The arrangement includes a gas turbine unit that includes a gas turbine compressor, a steam turbine unit, a first compressor unit, a shiftable clutch, a heated steam generator for supplying steam to the steam turbine unit, and a second compressor unit. The steam turbine unit and the first compressor unit have a common, rigidly connected first shaft assembly, while the gas turbine unit and the second compressor unit have a common, rigidly connected second shaft assembly. In order to increase economic efficiency, the first shaft assembly and the second shaft assembly are operable to be connected to and disconnected from each other using the clutch. A suitable method for starting said arrangement is also provided.

Claims

1. An arrangement for liquefying natural gas, comprising: a gas turbine unit comprising a gas turbine compressor, a steam turbine unit, a first compressor unit, a shiftable clutch, a fired steam generator for supplying the steam turbine unit with steam , and a second compressor unit, wherein the steam turbine unit and the first compressor unit have a common, rigidly connected first shaft assembly, wherein the gas turbine unit and the second compressor unit have a common rigidly connected second shaft assembly, and wherein the first shaft assembly and the second shaft assembly are operable to be connected to and disconnected from each other via the clutch.

2. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second shaft assembly is without an electric starter-helper motor.

3. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first compressor unit is connected to a first heat exchanger, via which the natural gas is cooled down to a first temperature.

4. The arrangement as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second compressor unit is connected to a second heat exchanger, via which the natural gas is cooled down to a second temperature, which is lower than the first temperature.

5. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second compressor unit has a low-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor and compressed natural gas is conducted from the low-pressure compressor into the high-pressure compressor.

6. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a generator in connection with the steam turbine to generate power.

7. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a waste heat recovery steam generator for generating steam for the steam turbine by via a combustion gas from the gas turbine.

8. A method for starting an arrangement according to claim 1, the method comprising: generating steam in the fired steam generator, starting the steam turbine to an operating speed, operating the first compressor until a first heat exchanger for cooling down the natural gas has reached a first operating temperature, and engaging the clutch and igniting the gas turbine.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, further comprising changing over the supply of steam to the steam turbine with steam from a waste heat recovery steam generator that is operated with a combustion gas of the gas turbine, from being supplied to the steam turbine from the fired steam generator, the changeover taking place step by step after the ignition of the gas turbine.

10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the gas turbine is turned at a turning speed by a turning drive before the engagement of the clutch.

11. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the speed of the steam turbine is lowered before the engagement of the clutch.

12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the lowering of the speed of the steam turbine before the engagement of the clutch takes place to below a turning speed.

13. The method as claimed in claim 8, comprising operating the clutch for disconnecting the first shaft assembly from the second shaft assembly once the two shaft assemblies have reached the operating speed.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a specific exemplary embodiment, without being restricted to this example, with reference to drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement according to the invention,

(3) FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a number of arrangements according to the invention, which are operated in parallel with one another.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

(4) FIG. 1 shows an arrangement TR according to the invention in a schematic representation of the method, comprising a first shaft assembly SS1 and a second shaft assembly SS2. The two shaft assemblies SS1, SS2 can be connected to each other by a shiftable clutch CLU. FIG. 2 shows a parallel connection of three arrangements TR1, TR2, TR3 according to the invention. The conducting of steam ST and condensate COND is represented in both figures.

(5) The arrangement TR, TR1, TR2, TR3 according to the invention respectively comprises a steam turbine STT and a first compressor unit CO1 on a common first shaft assembly SS1 and a gas turbine GT and a second compressor unit CO2 on a second shaft assembly SS2. The second compressor unit CO2 comprises a low-pressure compressor COLP and a high-pressure compressor COHP. The first compressor unit CO1 is represented here by just a compressor casing. The cooling process, not shown any more specifically, of the liquefying installation with the heat exchangers HEX1, HEX2 is of a two-stage form, the first stage with the first heat exchanger HEX1 being supplied by the first compressor unit CO1 and the second stage of the liquefying installation with the second heat exchanger HEX2 being supplied by the second compressor unit CO2.

(6) The gas turbine GT has its own gas turbine compressor GTCO, by means of which ambient air A is sucked in through an air filter AF, mixed with fuel F and burned in a combustion chamber COMB before the generated combustion gas CG is allowed to expand downstream in a gas turbine turbine. The gas turbine turbine GTT drives both the gas turbine compressor GTCO and the second compressor unit CO2. After expansion, the hot combustion gas CG reaches a waste heat recovery heat exchanger HRSG and is cooled down there to generate steam, before it is released into the surroundings through an exhaust gas filter FL as purified exhaust gas EX, is put to some other use or is stored. The steam turbine STT receives live steam LST from the waste heat recovery steam generator HRSG, and the steam ST that has expanded in the steam turbine STT is precipitated in a condenser CON and returned as condensate COND to the waste heat recovery steam generator HRSG to generate live steam LST. Extraction steam EXT is also removed from the steam turbine STT by means of an extraction point ET. Both the steam turbine STT and the gas turbine GT are kept at a low speed, for example during downtimes, for example between 100 and 150 revolutions per minute, by means of a turning drive TD, in order that the shaft does not become distorted as it cools down. Optionally, a generator GE, which generates electrical power P, may be connected to the steam turbine STT. For starting the steam turbine STT, auxiliary steam AUXST is provided, originating either from arrangements TR operated in parallel or from a fired steam generator AUXSTG. FIG. 2 shows this in the parallel arrangement with the fired steam generator AUXSTG.

(7) The arrangement TR, TR1, TR2, TR3 is in each case run up as follows:

(8) Steam ST for running up the steam turbine STT with the first compressor unit CO1 is generated in the fired steam generator AUXSTG. At this point in time, the first shaft assembly SS1 is not coupled to the second shaft assembly SS2, on which the gas turbine GT and the second compressor unit CO2 are located. The second shaft assembly SS2 is slowly turned by means of the turning drive TD at a turning speed of between 100 and 150 revolutions per minute. With the aid of the auxiliary steam. AUXST, the steam turbine of the first compressor unit CO1 is slowly run up to operating speed, while taking into consideration the necessary holding points. When the operating speed and the operating temperature have been reached, the first heat exchanger HEX1, which is in connection with the first compressor unit CO1, is lowered in temperature to the process requirements adapted to the liquefying process. Subsequently, the speed of the first shaft assembly SS1 is lowered below the turning speed of the second shaft assembly SS2 and the clutch CLU is engaged. The preheated steam turbine then takes the entire shaft assembly to operating speed, the gas turbine GT being ignited. As soon as the gas turbine GT generates sufficient power to drive the second compressor unit CO2, the speed of the first shaft assembly is lowered slightly below the speed of the second shaft assembly and the clutch CLU is disengaged, so that the two assemblies can be controlled separately from each other. Step by step, the steam required for the steam turbine STT from the fired steam generator AUXSTG is changed over to the steam ST from the waste heat recovery steam generator HRSG.