Methods and apparatus for filtration

Abstract

This invention, methods and apparatus for filtration provides the fluid filtration through the flowing granular material or filtration of the flowing granular material through the flowing fluid. The improved apparatus comprises a body including a substance inlet tubular member for passage of substance into the body, a substance outlet tubular member for passage of substance out of the body, a fluid inlet tubular member for passage of fluid into the body, a fluid outlet device for passage of fluid out of the body, a fluid distribution member comprising a plurality of apertures (perforation), and a diaphragm.

Claims

1. A method for fluid filtration comprising the steps of: providing a fluid flow through a fluid inlet tubular member into a fluid distribution member located in a body of an apparatus for said fluid filtration in a fluid flow first direction along said fluid inlet tubular member coincident with an axis of said body; providing a substance flow from a substance inlet valve through a substance inlet tubular member into said body of said apparatus, wherein said substance is a material of a granular or a crystalline structure; providing said fluid flow from said fluid inlet tubular member to a diaphragm, surrounding said fluid inlet tubular member within said fluid distribution member, in a fluid flow second direction along said diaphragm; providing a passage of said fluid flow through said diaphragm and through a plurality of apertures in said fluid distribution member into a substance, flowing inside said body in a direction from said substance inlet tubular member to a substance first outlet tubular member and to a substance second outlet tubular member; providing said fluid flow through said substance in a fluid flow third direction coincident with a direction of a resultant force vector for the vectors of a flowing fluid force, a flowing substance force and a frictional force; providing a passage of said substance flow from said body to at least substance first outlet tubular member and a substance second outlet tubular member; providing an output of said substance flow from said at least substance first outlet tubular member and said substance second outlet tubular member through at least substance first outlet valve and substance second outlet valve respectively; providing a passage of a filtered fluid from said body to a fluid outlet device in a filtered fluid flow direction perpendicular to said axis of said body; providing an output of said filtered fluid from said fluid outlet device through a fluid outlet valve.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein further said method provides said fluid flow through at least two fluid inlet tubular members into said fluid distribution member located in said body in said fluid flow first direction along said fluid inlet tubular member coincident with an axis of said body.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein further said method provides said substance flow from at least two substance inlet valves through at least two substance inlet tubular members respectively into said body of said apparatus.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein further said method provides said passage of said substance flow from said body to a substance single outlet tubular member.

5. A method for substance filtration comprising the steps of: providing a fluid flow through a fluid inlet tubular member into a fluid distribution member located in a body of an apparatus for said fluid filtration in a fluid flow first direction along said fluid inlet tubular member coincident with an axis of said body; providing a substance flow from a substance inlet valve through a substance inlet tubular member into said body of said apparatus, wherein said substance is a material of a granular or a crystalline structure; providing said fluid flow from said fluid inlet tubular member to a diaphragm, surrounding said fluid inlet tubular member within said fluid distribution member, in a fluid flow second direction along said diaphragm; providing a passage of said fluid flow through said diaphragm and through a plurality of apertures in said fluid distribution member into a substance, flowing inside said body in a direction from said substance inlet tubular member to a substance first outlet tubular member and to a substance second outlet tubular member; providing said fluid flow through said substance in a fluid flow third direction coincident with a direction of a resultant force vector for the vectors of a flowing fluid force, a flowing substance force and a frictional force; providing a passage of said fluid flow from said body to a fluid outlet device in a direction perpendicular to said axis of said body; providing an output of said fluid flow from said fluid outlet device through a fluid outlet valve; providing a passage of a filtered substance from said body to a substance first outlet tubular member and to a substance second outlet tubular member; providing an output of said filtered substance from said substance first outlet tubular member through a substance first outlet valve and from said substance second outlet tubular member through a substance second outlet valve.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein further said method provides said fluid flow through at least two fluid inlet tubular members into said fluid distribution member located in said body in said fluid flow first direction along said fluid inlet tubular member coincident with an axis of said body.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein further said method provides said substance flow from at least first and second substance inlet valves through at least first and second substance inlet tubular members respectively into said body of said apparatus.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein further said method provides said passage of said filtered substance flow from said body to a filtered substance single outlet tubular member.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein further said method provides said output of said filtered substance from said filtered substance single outlet tubular member through a filtered substance single outlet valve.

10. An apparatus for filtration comprising: a body, comprising a perforation and comprising a fluid distribution member, comprising apertures, and including a fluid inlet tubular member, inserted in said fluid distribution member; a fluid inlet valve, sealably connected to said fluid inlet tubular member; a substance first outlet valve, sealably connected to said substance first outlet a diaphragm, surrounding said fluid inlet tubular member; a substance inlet tubular member, located at one side of said body; a substance first outlet tubular member and a substance second outlet tubular member, located at another side of said body; a substance inlet valve, sealably connected to said substance inlet tubular member, a substance first outlet valve, sealably connected to said substance first outlet tubular member; a substance second outlet valve, sealably connected to said substance second outlet tubular member; a substance, flowing from said substance inlet tubular member of said body to said substance first outlet tubular member and to said substance second outlet tubular member, wherein said substance is a material of a granular or a crystalline structure; a fluid, flowing through said fluid inlet tubular member in said fluid distribution member; a fluid outlet device, comprising a fluid outlet intermediate collector, sealably connected to said body; a filter element, inserted along said perforation; a fluid outlet valve, sealably connected to said fluid outlet intermediate collector; a first gasket, inserted at one side of said fluid outlet intermediate collector; a second gasket, inserted at another side of said fluid outlet intermediate collector.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein further said substance inlet member is a plurality of substance inlet members.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein further said fluid inlet member is a plurality of fluid inlet members.

13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein further said substance first outlet member and said substance second outlet member are a substance single outlet member.

14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein further said substance first outlet valve and said substance second outlet valve are a substance single outlet valve.

15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein further said diaphragm is perforated.

16. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein further said diaphragm is of a porosity material.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) In order that the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed can be more clearly understood, embodiments thereof will be described by way of example with reference to the attached drawings, of which:

(2) FIG. 1 is a simplified drawing of the improved apparatus.

(3) FIG. 2 is a simplified vector diagram.

(4) FIG. 3 is a simplified general view of the first configuration of the improved apparatus.

(5) FIG. 4 is a simplified general view of the second configuration of the improved apparatus.

(6) FIG. 5 is a simplified general view of the third configuration of the improved apparatus.

(7) It is understood, that these illustrations and drawings are the examples of the improved method and apparatus configurations and architectures, and those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous steps, structures, modifications and advantages of the improved method and apparatus (i.e., methods and apparatus for filtration) may be made while retaining the teachings of the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

(8) In view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the known prior art, the present invention provides an improved methods and apparatus for filtration. As such, the general purpose of the present invention, which will be described hereinafter in greater details, is to provide the methods and apparatus for filtration. The improved apparatus, operating by the improved methods, can be successfully used in the boiling room/house to provide the warm/hot water for the water heating systems in the buildings. The filtration of the water is necessary in order to remove the salt and its chemicals from the water, because the salt in the water will faster destroy the metallic components of the water heating systems in the buildings, etc. Also, the filtered (salt-free) water is used for the cooling of the appropriate equipment of the electrical power stations, etc.

(9) The improved method and apparatus have many of the advantages of the fluid filtration through the movable filtering substance mentioned heretofore and many novel features that result in the efficient, secured and convenient filtration of the fluid, which is not anticipated, rendered obvious, suggested or even implied by any of prior art method and apparatus/devices for fluid filtration, either alone or in any combination thereof.

(10) Also, the improved methods and apparatus provide a unique possibility of the filtration reversibility, i.e., the filtration (cleaning) of the movable granular (arenaceous) substance (material) through the flowing fluid. For instance, the clean sand is often usable in the medicine for physical therapy (e.g., warm/preheated/sand in the fabric bags for the human muscle relaxation, etc.). Also, such filtration (cleaning) can be implemented for the initial filtering (cleaning) of the open-cast (strip) mined (or other types of mined) quartz, massively usable in the electro-mechanical engineering, medical equipment and in the electrical/electronic industry.

(11) To attain this, the present invention generally comprises a body including a substance inlet tubular member for passage of substance into the body, a substance outlet tubular member for passage of substance out of the body, a fluid inlet tubular member for passage of fluid into the body, a fluid outlet device for passage of fluid out of the body, a fluid distribution member comprising a plurality of apertures (perforation), and a diaphragm.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(12) With reference now to the drawings, the improved methods and apparatus for filtration embodying the principles and concepts of the present invention.

(13) As it is understandable, the use of one of the terms for the apparatus' parts/components does not exclude the other meanings for the used terms and parts, if otherwise not specified. This description has many other terms for which this condition is applicable too.

(14) In the FIGS. 1-5 are shown the simplified drawings of the improved apparatus for filtration.

(15) Referring to FIG. 1, the improved apparatus comprises a body 1, which is preferably of a cylindrical configuration. The body 1 includes a substance inlet tubular member 2 for passage of a substance 8 into the body 1. The substance inlet tubular member 2 is located at the one side of the body 1. The substance inlet tubular member 2 is extended from the body 1, as it is shown in FIG. 1. The substance inlet tubular member 2 can be rigidly connected (not shown) to the body 1. In FIG. 1 is conditionally shown a single substance inlet tubular member 2, but the substance inlet tubular member 2 can be represented by at least two (not shown) or more inlet tubular members (not shown).

(16) Also, the body 1 comprises a substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11 for passage of the substance 8 out of the body 1. The substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11 are located at the other side of the body 1, as it is shown in FIG. 1. The substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11 are extended from the body 1, as it is shown in FIG. 1. The substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11 can be rigidly connected (not shown) to the body 1 too.

(17) The substance outlet passage from the body 1 is conditionally represented in FIG. 1 by two outlet tubular members: substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11, but the substance first outlet tubular member 3 and second substance outlet tubular member 11 can be represented by a single outlet tubular member (not shown) or by more than two substance outlet tubular members (not shown). If there are two or more than two substance outlet tubular members, then their operations can be synchronized (not shown).

(18) The body 1 further comprises a fluid distribution member 4 comprising a plurality of apertures 5 (perforation), and a diaphragm 7. The fluid distribution member 4 is preferably located in the center of the body 1 and preferably can be of the tubular (cylindrical) configuration. The fluid distribution member 4 includes a fluid inlet tubular member 6 for passage of fluid into the fluid distribution member 4 of the body 1. The fluid inlet tubular member 6 is preferably located in the center of the fluid distribution member 4, and surrounded by a diaphragm 7, as it is shown in FIG. 1. The arrows 9 represent the direction of the flow of the substance 8. The substance 8 generally is a granular (arenaceous) material, for example, such as a sand or alike.

(19) As it is depicted in the FIG. 1, the apparatus also comprises: a fluid inlet valve 13, which is rigidly hermetically (sealably) connected to the fluid inlet tubular member 6 to prevent a possibility of fluid leakage; a substance inlet valve 15, which is rigidly connected to the substance inlet tubular member 2 to prevent a possibility of leakage; a substance first outlet valve 16 and a substance second outlet valve 17, which are rigidly hermetically (sealably) connected to the substance first outlet tubular member 3 and to substance second outlet tubular member 11 respectively, in order to prevent a possibility of leakage of the fluid residue (not shown) from the already wet substance.

(20) Structurally, the body 1 can comprise an inlet portion 22, a central portion 23 and an outlet portion 24, as it is shown in FIG. 4. The inlet portion 22 is sealably (hermetically) connected to one side of the central portion 23 and the outlet portion 24 is sealably (hermetically) connected to another side of the central portion 23.

(21) Referring to the FIG. 4, the inlet portion 22 of the body 1 includes a substance inlet tubular member 2 for passage of a substance 8 into the body 1. The substance inlet tubular member 2 can be extended from the inlet portion 22 of the body 1 (not shown in FIG. 4) or can be rigidly connected (not shown) to the inlet portion 22 of the body 1. In FIGS. 1, 3-5 is conditionally shown a single substance inlet tubular member 2, but the substance inlet tubular member 2 can be represented by at least two (not shown) or more inlet tubular members (not shown).

(22) The outlet portion 24 of the body 1 comprises a substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11 for passage of the substance 8 out of the body 1. The substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11 can be extended from the outlet portion 24 of the body 1 (not shown in FIG. 4) or can be rigidly hermetically (sealably) connected (not shown) to the outlet portion 24 of the body 1 too. It should be understandable, that the body 1 can be presented by two halves (without central portion 23), for example, by a first portion 25 of the body 1 and by a second portion 26 of the body 1, as it is shown in FIG. 5. For such structure of the body 1, the one half of the central portion 23 is belonged to the first portion 25 of the body 1 and another half of the central portion 23 is belonged to the second portion 26 of the body 1. The structure of the body 1 is not limited to the structures described herein, i.e.: the body 1 can be represented by not one portion (FIGS. 1, 3), not two portions (FIG. 5) or not three portions (FIG. 4), but, for instance, by four portions (not shown), wherein the central portion 23 can be represented by two ringular portions (e.g., by two rings of cylindrical configuration hermetically (sealably) connected to each other into one central portion 23 of the body 1), or the body 1 can be represented, for example, by two hermetically connected portions (e.g. welded to each other/not shown/) being separated along the axis 21 before to be connected to each other, etc.

(23) It should be understandable, that the title(s), for example, such as tubular member(s) is(are) not limited to the tubes of cylindrical configuration only. It can be any appropriate type and configuration of the tubes, still teaching of the improved method(s) and apparatus of the present invention. The same can be related to the fluid distribution member, and other appropriate components of the improved apparatus for filtration, for example, as it was mentioned hereinabove, the cylindrical configuration of the body 1 is preferred, but the body 1 can be of rectangular, square or even triangular geometrical forms/configurations, or any other suitable forms.

(24) The apparatus also comprises the fluid outlet device 10 which is rigidly hermetically (sealably) connected to the body 1. The fluid outlet device 10 comprises a fluid outlet intermediate collector 27, which is rigidly hermetically (sealably) connected to the body 1 in order to prevent a possibility of fluid leakage, and a fluid outlet valve 20, which is rigidly hermetically (sealably) connected to the fluid outlet tubular member 32 to prevent a possibility of that fluid leakage. As it is shown in FIG. 1, the fluid outlet tubular member 32 is extended from the fluid intermediate collector 27, but the fluid outlet tubular member 32 can be rigidly hermetically (sealably) connected to the fluid intermediate collector 27 of the fluid outlet device 10.

(25) The portion of the body 1, which is covered by the fluid outlet intermediate collector 27, comprises the perforation 31. The fluid outlet device 10 can comprise a filter element 28, filtering fluid from the small (e.g., microscopical) elements (contaminations) of the substance 8, as it is shown in FIG. 1.

(26) It should be understandable, that the fluid outlet device 10 can be represented by two portions of the ringular configuration [e.g., by two rings of cylindrical configuration (not shown) hermetically (sealably) connected to each other (not shown) in one portion of device 10 and hermetically (sealably) connected to the body 1], or the device 10 can be represented, for example, by three or more hermetically connected portions (not shown), etc. The fluid outlet device 10 can be also represented by two or more segments/sectors (sections) [not shown], separated longitudinally (not shown) and connected to each other by the linear elongated gaskets (not shown), while being circularly sealed to the body 1 by the ring-gaskets of the typical configurations, for example, such as a first gasket 29 and a second gasket 30, shown in FIG. 1.

(27) The improved methods provide the following operations of the improved apparatus for filtration.

(28) Referring to FIG. 1, the fluid (not shown) follows from the fluid inlet valve 13 in the direction of the fluid flow first direction 12 into the fluid inlet tubular member 6. From the fluid inlet tubular member 6, the fluid follows within the fluid distribution member 4 in the direction of the fluid flow second direction 14 to the diaphragm 7 for more uniform distribution of the fluid within fluid distribution member 4 and further passage through the apertures 5 (through the perforation) of the fluid distribution member 4. Diaphragm 7 can be represented by any suitable material having a porosity characteristic or by any suitable perforated material, which is most preferable.

(29) As demonstrated in the FIG. 1, the substance 8 (herein further may be mentioned as substance) from the substance inlet valve 15 follows through the body 1 in the substance flow direction 9 to the substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11. The substance 8 can be represented by the appropriate catalysts, sorbents or ionic compounds of the crystalline structure, etc., providing salt removal or at least salt decreasing in the water or any other appropriate fluid (liquid). Further, the substance 8 from the substance first outlet tubular member 3 and substance second outlet tubular member 11 through the substance first outlet valve 16 and substance second outlet valve 17 respectively removes from the body 1 of the improved apparatus.

(30) The fluid (not shown) follows through the substance 8 in the fluid flow third direction 18 to the fluid outlet device 10, wherein the filtered fluid follows in the fluid flow fourth direction 19 to the to the fluid intermediate collector 27, and further through the fluid outlet tubular member 32 and fluid outlet valve 20 for exit.

(31) The improved apparatus operates with respect to the differential pressure between fluid flow pressure and substance flow pressure (with respect to the difference of the pressures of the fluid flow and substance flow):
P=(P.sub.Fluid,P.sub.Subs.,S,F.sub.Fr.)(1)
wherein: is a functional; P.sub.Fluid is a pressure of the fluid flow; P.sub.Subs. is a pressure of the substance flow; S is a cross-sectional area under pressure's influence (exposed to pressure); F.sub.Fr. is a frictional force (force of friction); P is a differential pressure (cross-head) of the flow pressures P.sub.Fluid and P.sub.Fluid, wherein the value of pressure P is very well known from the basic mechanics (mechanical physics), as:

(32) $\begin{array}{cc}P=\underset{S.fwdarw.0}{\lim }\left(F_n/S\right)=\left(F_n/S\right)& \left(2\right)\end{array}$ wherein: P is a value of pressure; F.sub.n is a normal force; F.sub.n is a value of normal force, applied to the area; S is an area under pressure (exposed to pressure); F.sub.n is a derivative of the normal force F.sub.n; S is a derivative of the area under force.

(33) Therefore, the improved methods and apparatus for filtration operates in compliance with the inequality:
0<{F=[(P.sub.FluidS.sub.Fluid)(P.sub.Subs.S.sub.Subs.)]}(3)
wherein: P.sub.Fluid is a pressure of the fluid flow; P.sub.Subs. is a pressure of the substance flow; S.sub.Fluid is a cross-sectional area under fluid's pressure influence (under exposure to fluid pressure); S.sub.Subs. is a cross-sectional area under substance's pressure influence (under exposure to substance pressure); F is a differential force (cross-head) of the flow forces F.sub.Fluid (F.sub.Fluid=P.sub.FluidS.sub.Fluid) and F.sub.Subs. (F.sub.Subs.=P.sub.Subs.S.sub.Subs.),
and the substance flow force can be described by the following equation:

(34) $\begin{array}{cc}{F}_{\mathrm{Subs}.}>|\begin{array}{c}0\\ .Math.F_{\mathrm{Fr}.}.Math.\end{array}& \left(4\right)\end{array}$
wherein: F.sub.Fr. is a frictional force (is a force of friction).

(35) As it follows from FIG. 2, the value of the substance flow force F.sub.Subs. of its vector {right arrow over (F)}.sub.Subs. should be bigger than a zero and bigger than the absolute value |F.sub.Fr.| of the frictional vector {right arrow over (F)}.sub.Fr.

(36) It means that the value of the substance flow final force F.sub. of its vector {right arrow over (F)}.sub. should be always bigger than zero, i.e.:
[F.sub.=F.sub.Subs.F.sub.Fr.]>0(5) wherein: F.sub. is a substance flow final force {the vector {right arrow over (F)}.sub. of the substance flow final force F.sub. is a projection of the vector {right arrow over (F)}.sub.R. of the resultant force F.sub.R on the vector {right arrow over (F)}.sub.Subs. (FIG. 2) [the direction of vector {right arrow over (F)}.sub.R is coincident with the fluid flow third direction 18 (FIGS. 1, 2)]}.

(37) The FIG. 1 depicts the apparatus for filtration for use in the vertical position, but the apparatus can also operate, for example, in the horizontal position (not shown). For the improved apparatus, used in the horizontal position (not shown), the fluid outlet valve 20 for passage of fluid out of the body 1 can be located in the middle (not shown) of the body 1 or in any other suitable location, and the fluid distribution member 4 with the inserted fluid inlet tubular member 6 and diaphragm 7 can be located not in the center of the body 1, as it is shown in FIG. 1 for the vertical position of the apparatus, but at the upper side (not shown) of the body 1, and the diaphragm 7 can be flat (not shown) instead of to be of the cylindrical form (surrounding fluid inlet tubular member 6/FIG. 1/), etc.

(38) The same improved apparatus successfully provides a possibility of the filtration reversibility, i.e., the filtration (cleaning) of the movable granular (arenaceous) substance (material) through the flowing fluid. The improved apparatus can be used for filtration of the substance 8 by the fluid (not shown), instead of to filter the fluid (e.g., water/not shown/) by the substance 8. For instance, the clean sand is often usable in the medicine for physical therapy (e.g., warm/preheated/sand in the fabric bags for the human muscle relaxation, etc.). Also, such filtration (cleaning) can be applicable for the initial filtration (cleaning) of the open-cast (strip) mined (or other types of mined) quartz, which for example, is massively used in the mechanical engineering, medical equipment and in the electric/electronic industry. When the improved apparatus is used for filtration (cleaning) of the substance, the filter element 28 of the fluid outlet device 10 can be not used.

(39) It should be understandable, that the configurations, forms and dimensions of the improved apparatus and its parts/members/components and their functional meaning are presented conditionally in the FIGS. 1, 3-5 for more specific and full description of the improved methods and apparatus for filtration. The presentation of the apparatus' components/parts in FIGS. 1, 3-5 are not limited to the described in this invention and can be reasonably equivalently inter-distributed (inter-re-distributed) between each other, still teaching of the improved method and filtering apparatus of the present invention. It is understood, that the distribution of the fluid and/or substance and diaphragm material can be provided by any suitable methods and devices, but it still continue teaching of the improved method and apparatus of the present invention.

(40) Also, it should be understandable, that exemplification of the improved structures and steps of the methods are simplified and presented conditionally, and may be represented by any similar structures and steps, continuing teaching of the improved method and apparatus of the present invention.

(41) The improved method and apparatus for filtration are significantly needed to provide the filtered (cleaned, non-chemically-aggressive) fluid or filtered (initially cleaned) granular substance for the use in the building water-heating systems and/or in the electrical power stations, or in the medicine and/or in the electrical/electronic industries.

CONCLUSION, RAMIFICATION AND SCOPE

(42) Accordingly the reader will see that, according to the invention, the methods and apparatus for filtration. There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention. In this respect, it is understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of steps, construction/structures and to the arrangements of the components (parts, etc.) set forth in the description and/or drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

(43) While the above description contains many specificities, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, but as exemplification of the presently-preferred embodiments thereof. Many other ramifications are possible within the teaching to the invention. For instance, the improved methods and structure can be fully and successfully used in the geological and/or gemstone industries, e.g. for initial filtering (cleaning) of the gemstones after mining for their more clear visual recognition, etc.

(44) The persons of ordinary skills and/or creativity in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and advantages of the improved methods and apparatus may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention.

(45) As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, can readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other apparatus for filtration, for carrying out the several purpose of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

THE DRAWING REFERENCE NUMERALS

(46) 1.a body; 2.a substance inlet valve; 3.a substance first outlet tubular member; 4.a fluid distribution member; 5.an aperture; 6.a fluid inlet tubular member; 7.a diaphragm; 8.a substance; 9.a substance flow direction; 10.a fluid outlet device; 11.a substance second outlet tubular member; 12.a fluid flow first direction; 13.a fluid inlet valve; 14.a fluid flow second direction; 15.a substance inlet valve; 16.a substance first outlet valve; 17.a substance second outlet valve; 18.a fluid flow third direction; 19.a fluid flow fourth direction; 20.a fluid outlet valve; 21.an axis of the body 1. 22.an inlet portion of the body 1; 23.a central portion of the body 1; 24.an outlet portion of the body 1; 25.a first portion of the body 1; 26.a second portion of the body 1; 27.a fluid outlet intermediate collector; 28.a filter element; 29.a first gasket; 30.a second gasket; 31.a perforation; 32.a fluid outlet tubular member.