TRIGLYCERIDE-CONTAINING DORMANCY SPRAYS

Abstract

There is described a suspension concentrate, containing the following components: (a) at least one agrochemical active substance which is solid at room temperature; (b) at least one oil, selected from the group consisting of mineral oils and/or liquid paraffins; and (c) at least one emulsifier; and (d) at least one triglyceride.

Claims

1. A method comprising contacting a plant or plant part with a suspension concentrate, wherein the suspension concentrate comprises (a) at least one agrochemical active substance which is solid at room temperature, selected from the group consisting of Imidacloprid- and spirotetramat, and wherein the agrochemical active substance is present in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the suspension concentrate; (b) at least one oil selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil, a liquid paraffin, and a combination thereof wherein the content of the oil in the concentrate is 80 to 95 by weight of the concentrate, (c) at least one emulsifier; and (d) at least one triglyceride comprising a saturated fatty acid, wherein the fatty acid has a chain length of 8 to 10 carbon atoms, and is present in an amount of 90 to 100% by weight, based on the total fatty acids in the triglyceride, and wherein the triglyceride is present in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the suspension concentrate, wherein the at least one agrochemical active substance is present in an oil-phase comprising said at least one oil and is not present in an aqueous phase.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension concentrate is a dormancy spray and the plant or plant part is contacted with the dormancy spray before the growing season.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the triglyceride is glycerol trioctanoate or glycerol tridecanoate.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension concentrate further comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, antifreeze agent, antifoam, preservative, antioxidant, spreader, and a thickener.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the agrochemical active substance is spirotetramat.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the agrochemical active substance is imidacloprid.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content of the agrochemical active substance is between 0.2 and 2% by weight, and the content of the emulsifier is between 2 and 7.5% by weight.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oil is a mineral oil.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oil is a liquid paraffin.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein neither leaves nor blossom are present on the plant or plant part when it is contacted with the suspension concentrate.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method controls harmful insects

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension concentrate is applied to a plant or plant part by spraying.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant or plant part is a tree.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the tree is a fruit tree.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the plant or plant part is a tree branch.

16. The method according to claim 13, wherein the tree is a peach tree.

17. The method according to claim 13, wherein the tree is an apple tree.

18. The method according to claim 13, wherein the tree is a cherry tree.

19. The method according to claim 11, wherein the harmful insects controlled include rosy apple aphids (Dysaphis plantaginea)

20. The method according to claim 1, wherein mulberry scale (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) are controlled.

Description

PREPARATION EXAMPLES

Example 1

[0074] To prepare a suspension concentrate according to the invention,

6.0 g imidacloprid

42.5 g Atlox 3467

42.5 g Arlatone T(V)

[0075] 1.7 g Miglyol 812 N (triglyceride to be used in accordance with the invention)

0.8 g Silfoam SC 1132

1.7 g Vulkanox BHT

1.7 g Aerosil R 812 S

[0076] were added with stirring at room temperature to

722.5 g Pionier 0032-20.

[0077] After the addition had ended, stirring was continued for 10 minutes at room temperature. The homogeneous suspension formed in this process was first subjected to coarse grinding and then to fine grinding to give rise to a suspension in which 90% of the solids particles had a particle size of below 6 m.

[0078] The following formulations 2 to 28 were prepared analogously to Example 1, using different agrochemical active substances (data in % w/w):

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 imidacloprid 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 0.68 deltamethrin spirotetramat thiacloprid 0.57 acetamiprid clothianidin beta-cyfluthrin Compound (A) sulfoxaflor Vulkanox BHT 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Miglyol 812 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 2.0 Miglyol 810 2.0 1.0 2.0 Arlatone T 5.0 Atlox 3467 5.0 Rhodacal 60 BE 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 Rhodasurf 420/95 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 Preventol D 7 Tanemul L 3 Tanemul SO 70 Silfoam SRE Proxel GXL Tanamul PS 54 Atlox 4913 water citric acid Silfoam SC 1132 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Aerosil R 812 S 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Kristol M14 91.02 Marcol 82 91.02 Genera 9 91.02 Bayol 85 91.02 Pionier 0032-20 91.02 91.02 91.02 85.02 91.13 sunflower oil Exsoll D 140 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18.sup.1 19 imidacloprid 0.45 0.68 0.68 0.57 0.68 deltamethrin 0.68 spirotetramat 0.68 thiacloprid 0.57 0.68 acetamiprid clothianidin beta-cyfluthrin Compound (A) sulfoxaflor Vulkanox BHT 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Miglyol 812 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Miglyol 810 Arlatone T 5.0 11.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Atlox 3467 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Rhodacal 60 BE 2.2 2.2 Rhodasurf 420/95 1.8 1.8 Preventol D 7 0.001 Tanemul L 3 Tanemul SO 70 Silfoam SRE 0.0014 Proxel GXL 0.0017 Tanamul PS 54 0.028 Atlox 4913 0.064 water 0.4 citric acid 0.2 0.2 Silfoam SC 1132 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Aerosil R 812 S 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Kristol M14 Marcol 82 Genera 9 91.22 Bayol 85 93.22 79.25 Pionier 0032-20 85.13 84.52 85.13 85.02 85.02 85.02 sunflower oil Exsoll D 140 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 imidacloprid 0.68 0.68 deltamethrin 0.07 spirotetramat thiacloprid acetamiprid 0.68 clothianidin 0.68 beta-cyfluthrin 0.07 Compound (A) 0.68 sulfoxaflor 0.68 Vulkanox BHT 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Miglyol 812 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Miglyol 810 Arlatone T 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Atlox 3467 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Rhodacal 60 BE Rhodasurf 420/95 Preventol D 7 Tanemul L 3 2.5 Tanemul SO 70 2.5 Silfoam SRE Proxel GXL Tanamul PS 54 Atlox 4913 water citric acid 0.2 0.2 Silfoam SC 1132 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Aerosil R 812 S 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 1.0 Kristol M14 Marcol 82 Genera 9 Bayol 85 Pionier 0032-20 85.02 85.02 85.02 85.02 87.63 87.63 87.9 sunflower oil 86.02 Exsoll D 140 84.22 .sup.1During the preparation, the temperature was kept below 25 C. Note: Example 28 is a comparative example.

Comparative Example 1

[0079]

TABLE-US-00002 To prepare a suspension concentrate, 2.7 g imidacloprid 34.1 g Atlox 3467 68.2 g Arlatone T(V) 12 g Break Thru OE 441 (adjuvant for improving the deposition rate) 0.7 g Silfoam SC 1132 1.4 g Vulkanox BHT 12 g Aerosil R 812 S were added with stirring at room temperature to 467.3 g Bayol 85.

[0080] After the addition had ended, stirring was continued for 10 minutes at room temperature. The homogeneous suspension formed in this process was first subjected to coarse grinding and then to fine grinding to give rise to a suspension in which 90% of the solids particles had a particle size of below 6 m.

Comparative Example 2

[0081]

TABLE-US-00003 To prepare a suspension concentrate, 2.7 g imidacloprid 34.1 g Atlox 3467 68.2 g Arlatone T(V) 12 g Surfonyl 104 S (adjuvant for improving the deposition rate) 0.7 g Silfoam SC 1132 1.4 g Vulkanox BHT 12 g Aerosil R 812 S were added with stirring at room temperature to 479.3 g Bayol 85.

[0082] After the addition had ended, stirring was continued for 10 minutes at room temperature. The homogeneous suspension formed in this process was first subjected to coarse grinding and then to fine grinding to give rise to a suspension in which 90% of the solids particles had a particle size of below 6 m.

[0083] The components, defined by their trade names, of the above-described compositions are obtainable from the following suppliers:

TABLE-US-00004 Trade name Type of compound Supplier Aerosil R 812 S hydrophobicized highly disperse silicon Evonik Degussa dioxide Arlatone T PEG-40 sorbitan peroleate, nonionic Croda Atlox 3467 mixture of nonionic and anionic surfactants Croda Atlox 4913 polymeric nonionic surfactant Croda Bayol 85 white oil Exxon Mobil Break Thru OE 441 polyether siloxane Evonik Exsoll D 140 hydrocarbon fluid Exxon Mobil Genera 9 white oil Total Kristol M14 white oil Carless Marcol 82 white oil Exxon Mobil Miglyol 810 caprylic/capric triglyceride Sasol Miglyol 812 caprylic/capric triglyceride Sasol Pionier 0032-20 white oil Hansen & Rosenthal KG Preventol D 7 5-chloro-2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone + 2- Lanxess methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone Proxel GXL 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one ARCH Chemicals Rhodacal 60 BE calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Rhodia Rhodasurf 420/95 ethoxylated fatty alcohol Rhodia Solfoam SC 1132 polydimethylsiloxane Wacker Surfonyl 104 S 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol Air Products Tanemul L 3 ethoxylated fatty alcohol Tanatex Tanamul PS 54 tristyryphenol ethoxylate Tanatex Tanemul SO 70 fatty acid poly(ethylene glycol) ether Tanatex Vulkanox BHT 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Lanxess

Use Examples

[0084] The standard employed is the commercially available oil-containing formulation with the trade name Confidor Oil SC 004. This formulation is a suspension concentrate of the active substance imidacloprid, which is composed of the active substance, an oil and further adjuvants butin contrast to the formulations according to the inventiondoes not contain any triglyceride.

Example I

Deposition on Plant Parts Following Spray Application

[0085] To determine the deposition rate of buds and twigs following the application of various oil-based formulations which contain the active substance imidacloprid, standardized laboratory experiments were carried out. To this end, the oil-based formulations in question were applied, with the aid of fluorescent markers from the group of the stilbene derivatives, at the same use concentration (40 g a.i./ha) to plant parts, and the deposition rate was subsequently determined.

[0086] The spray experiments were carried out using a laboratory spray device (CheckTec) which permits field-analogous spray treatments to be carried out with nozzles, water volumes and pressures conventionally used in practice. In each case, a water application rate of 500 litres per hectare was applied, and the spray head was always equipped with a fan nozzle. The plant parts were buds or branches of apple (cultivar Golden Delicious) and sweet cherry (cultivar Sunburst). To retain turgescence, the branches were cut underwater and stored standing in tap water until the application was carried out. The orientation of the branches upon spray application was always at a right angle to the direction of the spray mist. In the case of the buds, either the side or the tip of the buds was facing the spray mist.

[0087] The preparations were made up with tap water and mixed for at least half an hour before application, using a magnetic stirrer.

[0088] After the application, the time taken until the spray mixture had evaporated was allowed to elapse, i.e. until the plant parts were macroscopically dry. For the evaluation, the plant samples were analysed under UV light in an enclosed CAMAG Box. Depending on the intrinsic fluorescence of the plants/plant parts relative to the fluorescence marker, wavelengths of (predominantly) 354 nm or 302 nm were used for the excitation, and digital images were taken using a Sony DSC H-9. In each case one treated plant sample was photographed together with an untreated sample, since the untreated control served for the subsequent evaluation and for taking into consideration the background signal. The evaluation of the deposition rate was carried out using the image evaluation software Soft-Imaging-Systems (SIS, V5.0). To this end, the images were uploaded into the working memory, and a colour separation was performed. After performing a grey-scale conversion of the UV emission image, a threshold value for brightness, which fully covered the untreated plant sample, was detected. All plant parts up to this threshold value are assigned a uniform false colour and describe the portion without deposition in the treated plant sample. Intensities above the threshold value are assigned to the portion with deposition. The plant organ to be studied (bud, twig section) was then excised by image analysis, and the percentage deposition rate as calculated by SIS was documented.

TABLE-US-00005 Product Deposition on apple buds Table 1, Example 13, 10 L/ha 80% Comparative Example 1, 10 L/ha 70% Comparative Example 2, 10 L/ha 70% Commercial standard (Confidor Oil 70% SC 004), 10 L/ha

[0089] Example 13 of Table 1 shows that, in comparison with the commercial standard Confidor Oil SC 004 and other test preparations (Comparative Examples 1 and 29), the deposition rate on apple buds is improved over the standard, while the application rates remain the same.

Example II

[0090] Efficacy Against Populations of the White Peach Scale, or Mulberry Scale, after Spray Application

[0091] In Izmir (Turkey), peach trees which are naturally infected with the mulberry scale Pseudaulacaspis pentagona were sprayed once with one formulation according to Example 1 of Table 1 (162 g imidacloprid/ha, or 27 l product) or according to Example 12 of Table 1 (180 g thiacloprid/ha, or 30 l product) or according to Example 16 of Table 1 (160 g imidacloprid/ha, or 321 product) as a spray treatment at the beginning of the season. After 25 and 50 days after the treatment (25 or 50 DAA), the efficacy of the treatment against the mulberry scale was determined in % Abbott (ratio of the number of mulberry scales on treated plant/shoot to the number of mulberry scales on the control) in % Abbott (measure for the efficacy: % live scale insects in the controllive scale insects after the treatment/live scale insects in the control) and compared with the commercial standard Confidor Oil SC 004 (160 g imidacloprid/ha, or 40 l product).

TABLE-US-00006 Efficacy against mulberry scales [% Abbott] Product 25 DAA 50 DAA Commercial standard (Confidor 89.8 96 Oil SC 004), 40 l/ha Table 1, Example 1, 27 l/ha 100 100 Table 1, Example 16, 32 l/ha 100 100 Table 1, Example 12, 30 l/ha 93.3 97.4

[0092] Despite the lower oil content, Example 1 of Table 1, with 27 l product/ha, showed a more rapid efficacy (25 DAA) against the mulberry scale than the standard Confidor Oil SC 004 at 40 l product/ha. The long-term control after 50 DAA, too, was slightly better than that of the standard preparation.

Example III

Efficacy Against Populations of the Rosy Apple Aphid Following Spray Application

[0093] In Bologna (Italy), apple trees where experience has shown that an attack by the rosy apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea can be expected were sprayed once with Example 1 of Table 1 (54 g imidacloprid/ha and m crown height=162 g imidacloprid/ha, or 27 l product) as a spray treatment at the beginning of the season. After 83 days after the treatment (83 DAA), the efficacy of the treatment against the rosy apple aphids was determined in % Abbott (ratio of the number of apple aphids on treated plant/20 shoots to the number of apple aphids on the control) in % Abbott (measure for the efficacy: % live apple aphids in the controllive apple aphids after the treatment/live apple aphids in the control) and compared with the commercial standard Confidor Oil SC 004 (162 g imidacloprid/ha, or 40 l product).

TABLE-US-00007 Efficacy against rosy apple aphids Concentration [g a.i./ha 83 DAA Product m crown height] [% Abbott] Mineral oil, 40 l/ha 0 33.7 Commercial standard (Confidor 54 80.8 Oil SC 004),40 l/ha Table 1, Example 1, 27 l/ha 54 84.3

[0094] Example 1 of Table 1 showed, with the same a.i. content, a slightly improved efficacy against the rosy apple aphid in comparison with the standard than the standard Confidor Oil SC 004 and further test preparations. This takes the form of a long-term control after 83 DAA.

[0095] The pure mineral oil is only capable of contributing in a minor way to controlling this pest (34% Abbot), and it was only with the formulation according to the invention that these high efficacies could be obtained.