Sound absorbing panel and soundproof wall equipment

Abstract

A sound absorbing panel is provided above an uppermost of soundproof panels arranged in plural stages in a vertical direction and each having a back surface opposite to a sound source side, the back surface being formed to be a sound insulating surface, the sound absorbing panel including: an outer frame body having therein an acoustic space in which a first acoustic material is provided, the outer frame body allowing formation of a partition wall separating a sound source and a surrounding area from each other, the outer frame body having, at a front and back portions thereof, sound transmitting surfaces each having multiple sound through holes allowing transfer of sound between the acoustic space and outside thereof; and a second acoustic material provided above an upper end of the outer frame body such that a peripheral surface of the second acoustic material except for a corner portion is air-permeable.

Claims

1. A sound absorbing panel configured to be provided on a soundproof panel comprising: an outer frame body having therein an acoustic space in which a first acoustic material is provided, the outer frame body includes a front surface portion at a front side and a back surface portion at a back side each of the front surface portion and the back surface portion includes through holes, the outer frame body includes a reinforcement portion that covers a front upper corner portion of a front-surface-side of the first acoustic material, a back upper corner portion of a back-surface-side of the first acoustic material and an upper surface of the first acoustic material between the front-upper corner portion and the back upper corner portion; and a second acoustic material provided on the reinforcement portion, wherein a peripheral surface of the second acoustic material is covered by an air-permeable member.

2. A sound absorbing panel configured to be provided on a soundproof panel comprising: an outer frame body having therein an acoustic space in which a first acoustic material is provided, the outer frame body a front surface portion at a front side and a back surface portion, the front and back surface portions include through holes; and a second acoustic material provided on an upper end of the outer frame body, wherein a peripheral surface of the second acoustic material except for a corner portion of an upper end edge on the front side and a lower surface portion that faces the upper end is covered by an air-permeable member, a reinforcement portion is provided only at the corner portion, and the lower surface portion is covered by a member with no air-permeability.

3. A sound absorbing panel configured to be provided on a soundproof panel comprising: an outer frame body having therein an acoustic space in which a first acoustic material is provided, the outer frame body includes a front surface portion at a front side and a back surface portion at a back side, the front and back surface portions include through holes, the outer frame body includes reinforcement portions at corner portions of upper end edges of the front surface portion at the front side and the back surface portion at the back side; and a second acoustic material provided on an upper end of the outer frame body, wherein a peripheral surface of the second acoustic material except for a lower surface portion that faces the upper end is covered by an air-permeable member, and the lower surface portion is covered by a member with no air-permeability.

4. A sound absorbing panel configured to be provided on a soundproof panel comprising: an acoustic material; a surface body covering a front side, a back side, and an upper portion of the acoustic material except for a corner portion of an upper end edge of the front side, surfaces of the surface body covering the front side, the back side and upper portion of the acoustic material include through holes; a reinforcement portion provided at the corner portion only; an intermediate reinforcement frame body provided at an intermediate portion in a vertical direction on each of the front side and the back side; and a lower reinforcement frame body provided at a lower portion of the surface body, wherein the intermediate reinforcement frame body and the lower reinforcement frame body form a reinforcement frame reinforcing a lower part below the intermediate portion.

5. The sound absorbing panel according to claim 4, wherein the acoustic material is formed of a porous material made of polyester fiber wool.

6. The sound absorbing panel according to claim 4, wherein a surface density of the acoustic material is set at 0.6 to 100 kg/m.sup.2(0.1 to 20 lb/ft.sup.2), and a flow resistance value thereof is set at 50 to 4000 N.Math.s/m.sup.3(10 lb/ft.sup.2s to 800 lb/ft.sup.2s).

7. A sound absorbing panel configured to be provided on a soundproof panel comprising: an outer frame body having therein an acoustic space in which a first acoustic material is provided, the outer frame body includes a front surface portion at a front side and a back surface portion, each of the front surface portion and the back surface portion includes through holes; and a second acoustic material provided on an upper end of the outer frame body, wherein a peripheral surface of the second acoustic material except for a corner portion of an upper end edge at the front side is covered by an air-permeable member, and a reinforcement portion is provided only at the corner portion.

8. The sound absorbing panel according to claim 7, wherein the first acoustic material and the second acoustic material are formed of a porous material made of polyester fiber wool.

9. The sound absorbing panel according to claim 7, wherein surface densities of the first acoustic material and the second acoustic material are set at 0.6 to 100 kg/m.sup.2(0.1 to 20 lb/ft.sup.2), and flow resistance values thereof are set at 50 to 4000 N.Math.s/m.sup.3(10 lb/ft.sup.2s to 800 lb/ft.sup.2s).

10. The sound absorbing panel according to claim 7, wherein the air-permeable member is a porous surface body, and the porous surface body is one selected from punching metal, a wire net, cloth, and a metallic sintered material.

11. A soundproof wall equipment comprising: the sound absorbing panel according to claim 7; and the soundproof panel on which the sound absorbing panel is provided.

12. The soundproof wall equipment according to claim 11, wherein the soundproof panel is arranged on another soundproof panel arranged in a vertical direction.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of soundproof wall equipment;

(2) FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a sound absorbing panel;

(3) FIG. 3 shows schematic structure diagrams of sound absorbing panels A and B, and a graph obtained by measuring their effects of edge effect suppression;

(4) FIG. 4 shows schematic structure diagrams of sound absorbing panels C and D, and a graph obtained by measuring their effects of edge effect suppression;

(5) FIG. 5 shows schematic structure diagrams of sound absorbing panels E and F, and a graph obtained by measuring their effects of edge effect suppression;

(6) FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view according to the second embodiment;

(7) FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view according to another embodiment;

(8) FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view according to another embodiment;

(9) FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view according to another embodiment;

(10) FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional view according to another embodiment;

(11) FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view according to another embodiment;

(12) FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view of a sound absorbing panel according to another embodiment;

(13) FIG. 13 is a plan view of the sound absorbing panel in FIG. 12;

(14) FIG. 14 is a front view of the sound absorbing panel in FIG. 12;

(15) FIG. 15 is a specific part enlarged view of the sound absorbing panel in FIG. 13;

(16) FIG. 16 is a graph obtained by measuring the effect of edge effect suppression according to another embodiment;

(17) FIG. 17 is a specific part vertical sectional view according to another embodiment; and

(18) FIG. 18 is a specific part vertical sectional view according to another embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

(19) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described on the basis of the drawings.

(20) As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, soundproof wall equipment on, for example, a road or the like, is configured such that panels 1 are stacked in plural stages in the vertical direction in vertical ditches of panel support H-type steels 9 standing, at regular intervals along the road, on the lateral side of the road, so as to separate the road and the area around the road from each other, and the resultant units are arranged along the road.

First Embodiment

(21) As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the panels 1 include: soundproof panels 1A stacked in plural stages in the vertical direction on a foundation outer wall 2 made of concrete; and a sound absorbing panel 1B provided further above the uppermost one of the soundproof panels 1A.

(22) Both right and left ends of each of the soundproof panels 1A and the sound absorbing panels 1B are fitted into the vertical ditch of each of the panel support H-type steels adjacent in the horizontal direction, whereby the soundproof panels 1A are supported by the panel support H-type steel.

(23) As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the soundproof panel 1A has an outer frame body 5 formed of a metal plate, having therein an acoustic space 4 in which an acoustic material 3 formed of glass wool is provided, and allowing formation of a partition wall separating the road as a sound source and the area around the road from each other.

(24) In a sound-source-side front surface portion 7 of the outer frame body 5, a sound transmitting surface is formed which has a louver structure in which multiple sound through holes allowing external sound to be taken into the acoustic space 4 are formed. At a back surface portion 8 opposite to the sound source side, of the outer frame body 5, a sound insulating plate having no holes and formed of an iron plate is provided. Thus, the soundproof panel 1A is configured so as not to allow sound generated from the road side to be released to the back surface side of the soundproof wall.

(25) As shown in FIG. 2, the sound absorbing panel 1B is configured as follows.

First Embodiment

(26) That is, the sound absorbing panel 1B has an outer frame body 12 having therein an acoustic space in which a first acoustic material 10 is provided, and allowing formation of a partition wall separating the sound source and the area around the sound source from each other. Sound transmitting surfaces having multiple sound through holes 6 allowing transfer of sound between the acoustic space and the outside thereof is formed at a sound-source-side front surface portion 13 and a back surface portion 14 of the outer frame body 12. Further above the upper end of the outer frame body 12, a second acoustic material 11 is provided with the whole peripheral surface thereof being air-permeable.

(27) The outer frame body 12 is composed of two or more sheet metal members, and is formed by integrally assembling the plurality of sheet metal members into a box shape by a rivet, a bolt and a nut, bonding, welding, or the like.

(28) Two surfaces, i.e., the front surface and the back surface, of the outer frame body 12 are formed of punching metal made of aluminum and having multiple sound through holes 6 allowing external sound to be taken into the acoustic space in the outer frame body 12. In addition, the first acoustic material 10 formed of polyester wool is provided in the acoustic space.

(29) Also for the second acoustic material 11 attached above the outer frame body 12, a porous material formed of polyester wool is used, as in the first acoustic material 10. The surface densities of the first and second acoustic materials 10 and 11 are set at 0.6 to 100 kg/m.sup.2 (0.1 to 20 lb/ft.sup.2)and the flow resistance values thereof are set at 50 to 4000 N.Math.s/m.sup.3(10 lb/ft.sup.2s to 800 lb/ft.sup.2s).

(30) The outer frame body 12 is not provided outside the second acoustic material 11, but a porous surface body 15 covers and protects the second acoustic material 11.

(31) The porous surface body 15 protecting the second acoustic material 11 is formed of punching metal, a wire net, cloth, a metallic sintered material, or the like. As an example, the opening ratio of the punching metal may be greater than about 32% if the panel rigidity is ensured, or may need to be about 32% or not greater than 32% if it is difficult to ensure the panel rigidity.

Second Embodiment

(32) In the second embodiment, the sound absorbing panel 1B is configured as shown in FIG. 6.

(33) That is, in the sound absorbing panel 1B, one panel-like acoustic material 16 is provided, and a reinforcement frame body 17 reinforcing only a lower part below an intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the acoustic material 16 while leaving an upper part above the intermediate portion in an air-permeable state over the whole peripheral surface. Multiple sound through holes 6 allowing transfer of sound between inside and outside of the acoustic material 16 are formed in the sound-source-side front surface portion 13 and the back surface portion 14 of the porous surface body 15.

(34) It is noted that, as shown in FIG. 6, the reinforcement frame body 17 may be provided inside the porous surface body 15 and a part of the reinforcement frame body 17 may be recessed into the acoustic material 16, or alternatively, the reinforcement frame body 17 may be provided outside the porous surface body 15.

EXAMPLES

(35) Next, the effect of edge effect suppression by the sound absorbing panel 1B in the soundproof wall equipment was measured on the basis of difference in the structure of each panel.

Example 1

(36) As shown in FIG. 3, the acoustic material 16 formed of polyester wool is provided on the soundproof panel 1A. In an experimental subject A, the sound absorbing panel 1B was provided with an upper portion thereof opened. In an experimental subject B, the acoustic material 16 was stored inside the outer frame body 12 (an upper portion of the panel was closed) made of metal, and then provided above the soundproof panel 1A. The effects of edge effect suppression in these experimental subjects are shown in a graph (FIG. 3).

(37) It is noted that measurement was performed at a side (sound receiving side) opposite to the sound source side with respect to the soundproof panel. The horizontal axis in the graph indicates the frequency (Hz) of sound from 315 Hz to 2.5 kHz. The vertical axis in the graph indicates the degree of edge effect suppression (transmitting sound suppression) at each frequency, with one scale corresponding to 5 dB. In the graph, a polygonal line a indicates change in the measurement value for the experimental subject A, and a polygonal line b indicates change in the measurement value for the experimental subject B.

(38) Thus, the experimental subject A having no outer frame body 12 exhibits a greater suppression effect, and in particular, exhibits a great suppression effect in a high-frequency sound region.

Example 2

(39) As shown in FIG. 4, the sound absorbing panel 1B having the acoustic material 16 stored in the internal space of the outer frame body 12 made of metal is provided above the soundproof panel 1A. The outer frame body 12 of the sound absorbing panel 1B is configured such that each peripheral portion is surrounded by an angle member so as to be reinforced, with an opening formed at the upper portion.

(40) A subject (C) using an angle member having a width of 12 mm and a subject (D) using an angle member having a width of 25 mm were prepared, and the effect of edge effect suppression was measured for each subject. A result thereof is shown in a graph (FIG. 4).

(41) It is noted that measurement was performed at a side (sound receiving side) opposite to the sound source side with respect to the soundproof panel. The horizontal axis in the graph indicates the frequency (Hz) of sound from 315 Hz to 2.5 kHz. The vertical axis in the graph indicates the degree of edge effect suppression (transmitting sound suppression) at each frequency, with one scale corresponding to 5 dB. In the graph, a polygonal line c indicates change in the measurement value for the experimental subject C, and a polygonal line d indicates change in the measurement value for the experimental subject D.

(42) Thus, the sound absorbing panel 1B using the angle member having a smaller width of 12 mm exhibits a greater effect.

Example 3

(43) As shown in FIG. 5, the sound absorbing panel 1B provided above the soundproof panel 1A is provided with the outer frame body 12 having therein an acoustic space in which the first acoustic material 10 is provided, and allowing formation of a partition wall separating the sound source and the area around the sound source from each other.

(44) Sound transmitting surfaces having multiple sound through holes allowing transfer of sound between the acoustic space and the outside thereof are formed at the sound-source-side front surface portion 13 and the back surface portion 14 of the outer frame body 12.

(45) Further above the upper end of the outer frame body 12, the second acoustic material 11 is provided with the whole peripheral surface thereof being air-permeable.

(46) A subject (E) using the second acoustic material 11 having a vertical thickness of 25 mm, and a subject (F) using the second acoustic material 11 having a vertical thickness of 50 mm were prepared, and the suppression effect was measured for each subject. A result thereof is shown in a graph (FIG. 5).

(47) It is noted that measurement was performed at a side (sound receiving side) opposite to the sound source side with respect to the soundproof panel. The horizontal axis in the graph indicates the frequency (Hz) of sound from 315 Hz to 2.5 kHz. The vertical axis in the graph indicates the degree of edge effect suppression (transmitting sound suppression) at each frequency, with one scale corresponding to 5 dB. In the graph, a polygonal line e indicates change in the measurement value for the experimental subject E, and a polygonal line f indicates change in the measurement value for the experimental subject F.

(48) Thus, the experimental subject with a greater thickness of 50 mm exhibits performance closer to that of the experimental subject A, and in particular, exhibits a great suppression effect in a high-frequency sound region.

Other Embodiments

(49) Hereinafter, other embodiments will be described.

(50) <1> The acoustic materials 10, 11, 16 may be formed of, instead of polyester wool, a porous material made from an inorganic fiber such as glass wool or rock wool, or a porous material made from a metal fiber such as a stainless steel fiber, or other than these, an aluminum sintered plate, a ceramic sintered plate, molten slag, or the like.

(51) <2> The acoustic materials 10, 11, 16 may have a complex structure obtained by combining two or more types of the above acoustic materials, e.g., combining polyester wool and an aluminum sintered plate.

(52) <3> The punching metal may be formed of a metal plate such as stainless steel or a galvanized steel sheet, instead of aluminum. Alternatively, the punching metal may be a resin plate made of polycarbonate, acrylic, or the like.

(53) <4> The soundproof wall equipment may be used for the railroad, general soundproof wall equipment, or a partition in a room, instead of the road.

(54) <5> The front surface portion of the outer frame body 12 may be formed of a metal mesh, a metal plate with a louver structure or of a louver type, or a metallic sintered plate, instead of punching metal.

(55) <6> As shown in FIG. 7, inside a box shape obtained by surrounding the whole periphery by the porous surface body 15 having multiple sound through holes 6, the outer frame body 12 for reinforcement may be provided, the first acoustic material 10 may be provided inside the box-shaped porous surface body 15 and inside the outer frame body 12, and the second acoustic material 11 may be provided above the outer frame body 12.

(56) <7> The second acoustic material 11 may be provided as an acoustic material alone without being protected by the porous surface body 15.

(57) <8> In the case of using a thin plate-like material as the second acoustic material 11, the thin plate-like materials may be stacked in the vertical direction with their front and back surfaces in parallel with the upper surface of the outer frame body 12, to set the height thereof in the vertical direction. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, the thin plate-like materials may be arranged in the thickness direction of the panel with their front and back surfaces standing along the vertical direction. In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, in the case where, as the second acoustic material 11, in particular, a plurality of thin plate-like materials are stacked in the vertical direction (the thin plate-like materials are stacked in the vertical direction with their front and back surfaces in parallel with the upper surface of the outer frame body 12, to set the height thereof in the vertical direction), acoustic materials having different densities or acoustic materials made of different types of materials may be stacked, thereby adjusting the acoustic characteristics or the air flow resistance value as a whole. In this case, it is desirable that the uppermost acoustic material has a smaller density than the lowermost acoustic material.

(58) <9> As shown in FIG. 10, the first acoustic material 10 may be formed such that the thickness thereof decreases toward the upper side, whereby the ventilation resistance is decreased toward the upper side.

(59) <10> In order to further reinforce the sound absorbing panel 1B in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, a corner portion of an upper end edge on the sound source side of the porous surface body 15 formed of punching metal for protecting the second acoustic material 11 may be formed to be a metal plate portion having no holes, thereby forming a reinforcement portion 18. Thus, while the holding function for the second acoustic material 11 is improved, the same acoustic effect as in the first embodiment can be expected. As the reinforcement portion 18, an independent reinforcement member such as an angle member may be attached at the corner portion of the upper end edge on the sound source side of the porous surface body 15 formed of punching metal.

(60) That is, the second acoustic material 11 only needs to be provided such that at least the peripheral surface thereof except for the corner portion of the upper end edge on the sound source side is air-permeable.

(61) <11> As in the above other embodiment, in order to further reinforce the sound absorbing panel 1B of the second embodiment, an auxiliary reinforcement portion may be provided at a corner portion of an upper end edge on the sound source side in an upper part above an intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the acoustic material 16. That is, the corner portion of the upper end edge on the sound source side of the porous surface body 15 formed of punching metal is formed to be a metal plate portion having no holes, thereby forming an auxiliary reinforcement portion. As the auxiliary reinforcement portion, an individual reinforcement member such as an angle member may be attached at the corner portion of the upper end edge on the sound source side of the porous surface body 15 formed of punching metal.

(62) <12> Instead of the sound absorbing panel 1B shown in FIG. 6 in which the reinforcement frame body is provided for reinforcing the lower part below the intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the acoustic material 16, as shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 15, the sound absorbing panel 1B may be configured such that the acoustic material 16 formed such that the thickness thereof decreases toward the upper side is provided in the acoustic space, and a bottom portion and a corner portion of an upper end edge on the sound source side of the porous surface body 15 protecting the whole periphery of the acoustic material 16 and formed of punching metal are formed to be metal plate portions having no holes, thereby forming the reinforcement portions 18. It is noted that numeral 19 in the drawings denotes a belt plate holding the acoustic material 16, and the belt plates are attached, with rivets 20, to the porous surface body 15 at a plurality of locations in the horizontal width direction of the sound absorbing panel 1B. It is noted that the acoustic material 16 may have a thickness uniformed in the vertical direction. That is, the reinforcement portions 18 formed at the bottom portion and the corner portion of the upper end edge on the sound source side do not hinder, in particular, high-frequency sound of sound diffracted above the soundproof panel 1A from being absorbed by the acoustic material 16.

(63) It is noted that FIG. 16 shows the effect of edge effect suppression in the case of providing L angles as reinforcement portions for holding the acoustic material and reinforcing the entire panel. A polygonal line graph g indicates a result of providing the L angle only on the sound receiving side of upper end corner portions of the panel. A polygonal line graph h indicates a result of providing the L angle only on the sound source side. A polygonal line graph i indicates a result of providing the L angles on both the sound receiving side and the sound source side. As is found from the changes in the polygonal line graphs, the panel provided with the L angle only on the sound source side exhibits a high suppression effect.

(64) Measurement was performed at a side (sound receiving side) opposite to the sound source side with respect to the soundproof panel. The horizontal axis in the graph indicates the frequency (Hz) of sound from 315 Hz to 2.5 kHz. The vertical axis in the graph indicates the degree of edge effect suppression (transmitting sound suppression) at each frequency, with one scale corresponding to 5 dB.

(65) <13> Instead of the structure shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 17, the porous surface body 15 may not be formed between the second acoustic material 11 and the outer frame body 12 thereunder. In addition, instead of the structure shown in FIG. 11, as shown in FIG. 18, of the outer frame body 12, the center portion under the second acoustic material 11 may be removed and opened.

(66) It is noted that, although in the above description, the reference characters are indicated for convenience of reference to the drawings, the present invention should not be limited to the configurations shown in the accompanying drawings, by such indication. In addition, as a matter of course, the present invention may be implemented in various modes without deviating from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE CHARACTERS

(67) 1A soundproof panel 1B sound absorbing panel 10 first acoustic material 11 second acoustic material 12 outer frame body 13 sound-source-side front surface portion 14 back surface portion 15 porous surface body