Device for treating, in particular cooling, bulk material using a gas

Abstract

A device for treating bulk material with a gas, the device including a grate through which gas can flow from an under-grate space to the upper side and which conveys a layer of bulk material in a conveying direction from a loading end to a discharge end. The grate has a plurality of mutually adjacent rows, each of which includes at least one bar that is elongate in the conveying direction and may be moved alternately back and forth in the conveying direction. Driving is controlled such that the forward stroke of the at least one bar of two adjacent rows takes place at the same time, while the rearward stroke of the at least one bar of two adjacent rows takes place at different times.

Claims

1. A device for treating bulk material with a gas, the device comprising a grate through which gas can flow from an under-grate space to an upper side and which is configured to convey the bulk material in a conveying direction from a loading end to a discharge end, wherein the grate comprises a plurality of mutually adjacent rows, each row comprising at least one bar that is elongate in the conveying direction and is configured to be moved alternately back and forth in the conveying direction, wherein the grate is configured to be controlled such that the forward stroke of the at least one bar of two adjacent rows takes place at the same time and the rearward stroke of the at least one bar of two adjacent rows takes place at different times, wherein the grate includes, in the conveying direction on at least one side, a row of at least one unmoving adapter for increasing the grate width, and wherein gas can flow through the at least one adapter from the under-grate space to the upper side.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the row of at least one unmoving adapter is less wide than a row comprising at least one bar.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the width of the row of at least one adapter is less than 70% of the width of the row comprising at least one bar.

4. The device of claim 2, wherein the width of the row of at least one adapter is less than 50% of the width of the row comprising at least one bar.

5. The device of claim 2, wherein the width of the row of at least one adapter is less than 30% of the width of the row comprising at least one bar.

6. The device of claim 1, comprising a superstructure that reaches over the grate in a direction transverse to the conveying direction, wherein the at least one adapter is fixedly secured to the superstructure.

7. The device of claim 1, comprising a sealing device disposed between the row of at least one unmoving adapter and an adjacent row of bars.

8. The device of claim 7, wherein the sealing device includes, on a side of the at least one adapter adjacent to the bar, a longitudinal gutter that is set back from an upper side of the adapter and with which an elongate strip of the adjacent bar engages.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein the elongate strip is an angled strip.

10. The device of claim 7, wherein the sealing device is ventilated.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein an upper side of the at least one adapter comprises at least one recess that is configured to hold bulk material.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention will now be described by way of example using advantageous embodiments, with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a device according to the invention for treating bulk material using gas;

(3) FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the grate of the device from FIG. 1;

(4) FIG. 3 shows a section through the device according to FIG. 1;

(5) FIG. 4 shows a detail of FIG. 3, on a larger scale; and

(6) FIG. 5 shows a schematic three-dimensional illustration of the detail from FIG. 4.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(7) FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention for treating bulk material using gas. This device 1 is a bulk material cooler, in which hot cement clinker coming from a kiln 90 is cooled using cooling air. FIG. 3 shows the section A-A from FIG. 1.

(8) The cement clinker or bulk material coming from the kiln 90 falls through a loading shaft 2, first onto a loading section 3 of the device 1, and because of the inclined arrangement of the loading section 3 from there onto a grate 4. The grate 4 is ventilated from the under-grate space 5, that is to say that cooling air flows from the under-grate space 5 through the grate 4 and bulk material lying thereon before it is guided awayhaving been heated by the hot bulk materialthrough air outlets 6 arranged in the superstructure 6 of the device 1, and where appropriate is fed to a further use (power generation, for pre-heating, etc.). As can be seen in FIG. 3, the superstructure 6 reaches over the grate 4 in a direction transverse to the conveying direction 80.

(9) The bulk material to be cooled is conveyed through the grate 4 in the conveying direction (indicated by the arrow 80) from the loading section 3 to the discharge end 7 of the device and from there is transported away by way of conveyor belts 91. As explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2, the grate 4 for this purpose takes the form of a moving floor.

(10) FIG. 2 shows a schematic and simplified plan view of the loading section 3 and the grate 4 of the device 1 from FIG. 1. The loading section 3 includes a plurality of static tiles 8 over which the bulk material falling thereon slides towards the grate 4. The grate 4 includes a plurality of mutually adjacent rows 10 which each include a plurality of elongate bars 11 arranged one after the other in the conveying direction. Gas can flow through the bars 11. In other words, the bars 11 are formed such that cooling air can flow from the under-grate space 5 through the bars 11 and into the bulk material lying on the bars 11. For this purpose, the bars 11 have gas passage openings on their upper side, which bears the bulk material, although these are not illustrated in FIG. 2 for reasons of clarity. Provided in the under-grate space 5 is a substructure 9 on which the rows 10 of bars 11 are mounted. The under-grate space 5 may be divided into chambers in the longitudinal direction (that is to say parallel to the conveying direction 80) and/or in the transverse direction, in order to provide different ventilation zones over the length and/or width.

(11) The rows 10 of bars 11 may each be moved back and forth in the conveying direction 80, wherein the bars 11 of a row 10 are connected to one another such that they are moved together. Driving (not illustrated) of the rows 10 of bars 11 is controlled such that the forward stroke of the bars 11 of two adjacent rows 10 takes place at the same time, while the rearward stroke of the bars 11 of two adjacent rows 10 takes place at different times. As a result of this movement scheme, conveying of the bulk material in the conveying direction 80 is achieved by the moving floor principle. As can be seen directly in the scheme according to FIG. 2, the grate 4 includes only bars 11 in three different dimensions, although the width of all the bars 11 in a direction transverse to the conveying direction 80 is identical. By using correspondingly standardized bars 11, the corresponding region of the grate 4 can be manufactured at low cost, another reason for this being the possibility of making use of a standardized substructure 9 and drive.

(12) On each of the two sides of the rows 10 of bars 11 there is provided a row 12 of adapters 13, the width of the adapters 13 in a direction transverse to the conveying direction 80 being less than half the width of the bars 11. The adapters 13 are unmoving and so, unlike the bars 11, in particular cannot be moved back and forth in the conveying direction. Gas may flow from the under-grate space 5 to the upper side through the adapters 13, however, similarly to the bars 11. For this purpose, the adapters 13 may have gas passage openings on their upper side, but for reasons of clarity these are not illustrated in FIG. 2.

(13) FIG. 4 illustrates the region around a row 12 of adapters 13 from FIG. 3 in detail. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the adapter 13 of the row 12as indeed all the other adapters of this row 12is fixedly secured to the superstructure 6. As a result, the adapters 13 are on the one hand secured to be unmoving, and on the other hand there is no need to adjust the substructure 9 for the purpose of securing adapters 13 thereto, so use may be made of a standardized substructure 9.

(14) Provided between the row 12 of adapters 13 and the row 10 of bars 11 adjacent thereto is a sealing device 14. The sealing device 14 includes, on the side of the adapter 13 adjacent to the bar 11, a longitudinal gutter 15 that is set back from the upper side of the adapter 13 and with which a likewise elongate angled strip 16 of the adjacent bar 11 engages (cf. also FIG. 5). It is possible for air to flow through the labyrinthine gap that is thus produced from the under-grate space 5, for the purpose of ventilating the sealing device 14, as a result of which the possibility that bulk material will penetrate into the sealing device 14 can be reduced.

(15) FIG. 5 schematically illustrates, in a three-dimensional view, a section of the grate 4 in the region of an adapter 13 of the row 12. As illustrated, the adapter 13 has two recesses 17 in which bulk material can be held in order in this way to obtain an intrinsic protection against wear. The already mentioned gas passage openings 18 are arranged in the base of the recesses.

(16) It can likewise be seen in FIG. 5 that the bars 11 also have recesses 19 of this type, on the base whereof the gas passage openings 20 are arranged.