BRAKE DEVICE FOR A VEHICLE, AND VEHICLE WITH BRAKE DEVICE

Abstract

A brake device for a vehicle with at least one wheel, wherein the wheel defines a rotational axis, with a brake body device for the transmission of a brake force to the wheel, with a concentric brake cylinder for the generation of the brake force. The brake cylinder has an inner housing part for radial support on a wheel axle of the wheel and an outer housing part for axial support on the brake body device. The two housing parts can be moved relative to one another, and a pressure chamber which runs around the rotational axis is formed between the two housing parts. The brake device has an insulation device for the thermal insulation of the brake body device in the direction of the brake cylinder. The insulation device is arranged at least axially between the outer housing part and the brake body device.

Claims

1. A brake device for a vehicle with at least one wheel, wherein the wheel defines a rotational axis, the brake device comprising: a brake body device configured for transmission of a brake force to the wheel; a concentric brake cylinder configured for generation of the brake force; the brake cylinder has an inner housing part configured for radial support on a wheel axle of the wheel and an outer housing part configured for axial support on the brake body device; the two housing parts are moveable relative to one another; is formed between the two housing parts; and an insulation device for thermal insulation of the brake body device in a direction of the brake cylinder, wherein the insulation device is arranged at least axially between the outer housing part and the brake body device.

2. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the insulation device has an annular insulation section, and the annular insulation section rests against the brake body device in an axial direction and against the outer housing part in an axial opposite direction.

3. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the insulation device has at least one insulation section shaped as a circular ring segment, and the insulation section shaped as the circular ring segment rests against the brake body device in an axial direction and against the outer housing part in an axial opposite direction.

4. The brake device according to claim 3, wherein the insulation device has at least one further insulation section shaped as a second circular ring segment, and the insulation section and the at least one further insulation section together form an annular insulation component.

5. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the inner housing part has a supporting contour and the brake body device has a counter-contour complementary to the supporting contour and the insulation device has at least one axial insulation section, wherein the support contour and the counter-contour are in engagement with one another to support a torque of the brake body device and are thermally insulated from one another via the axial insulation section.

6. The brake device according to claim 5, wherein the support contour has at least one support vane directed radially outwards, and the insulation device has two of the axial insulation sections for each said support vane, which encompass the support vane on both sides. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the brake body device has a cooling structure on an outer side thereof for dissipating the braking heat by convection.

8. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the outer housing part has a hollow-cylindrical piston and the inner housing part has a hollow-cylindrical hub for receiving the wheel axle, and the piston is linearly displaceable on the hub to act against the brake body device.

9. The brake device according to claim 8, wherein the piston has a first and a second piston section and the hub has a first and a second hub section each of the first piston section and the first hub section as well as the second piston section and the second hub section are sealingly supported on one another in a radial direction, and the first piston section and the first hub section are radially offset to the second piston portion and the second hub portion so that an offset defining the pressure chamber is created.

10. A vehicle comprising the brake device according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle is a small electric vehicle.

11. A brake device for a vehicle with at least one wheel, wherein the wheel defines a rotational axis, the brake device comprising: an axially movable brake body configured for transmission of a brake force to a brake pad on the wheel; a concentric brake cylinder configured for generation of the brake force; the brake cylinder having an inner housing part configured for radial support on a wheel axle of the wheel and an outer housing part configured for radial support on the inner housing part and axial support against the brake body; the two housing parts are axially moveable relative to one another; a pressure chamber that extends at least partially around the rotational axis formed between the inner and outer housing parts; and an insulator for thermal insulation of the brake body in a direction of the brake cylinder arranged at least axially between the outer housing part and the brake body.

12. The brake device according to claim 11, wherein the insulator has an annular insulation section, and the annular insulation section rests against the brake body in an axial direction and against the outer housing part in an axial opposite direction.

13. The brake device according to claim 11, wherein the insulator comprises at least one insulation section shaped as a circular ring segment, and the insulation section rests against the brake body in an axial direction and against the outer housing part in an axial opposite direction.

14. The brake device according to claim 13, wherein the insulator has at least one further insulation section shaped as a second circular ring segment, and the insulation section and the at least one further insulation section together form an annular insulation component.

15. The brake device according to claim 11, wherein the inner housing part has a supporting contour and the brake body has a counter-contour complementary to the supporting contour and the insulator has at least one axial insulation section, wherein the support contour and the counter-contour are in engagement with one another to support a torque of the brake body and are thermally insulated from one another via the axial insulation section.

16. The brake device according to claim 15, wherein the support contour has at least one support vane directed radially outwards, and the insulator has two of the axial insulation sections for each said support vane, which encompass the support vane on both sides.

17. The brake device according to claim 11, wherein the brake body has a cooling structure on an outer side thereof for dissipating the braking heat by convection.

18. The brake device according to claim 11, wherein the outer housing part has a hollow-cylindrical piston and the inner housing part has a hollow-cylindrical hub for receiving the wheel axle, and the piston is linearly displaceable on the hub to act against the brake body.

19. The brake device according to claim 18, wherein the piston has a first and a second piston section and the hub has a first and a second hub section, each of the first piston section and the first hub section as well as the second piston section and the second hub section are sealingly supported on one another in a radial direction, and the first piston section and the first hub section are radially offset to the second piston portion and the second hub portion so that an offset defining the pressure chamber is created.

20. A vehicle comprising the brake device according to claim 11 and a wheel having an axle on which the braking device is located.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Further features, advantages, and effects of the disclosure are set out in the following description of the preferred exemplary embodiments. In the figures:

[0037] FIG. 1 shows a vehicle with two wheels, wherein the vehicle is designed as an electric scooter;

[0038] FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of the brake device of the vehicle according to FIG. 1 as an exemplary embodiment;

[0039] FIGS. 3A and 3B show different perspective views of the brake device according to FIG. 2;

[0040] FIGS. 4A and 4B show two alternative versions of an insulation device for the brake device according to FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional representation of a vehicle 1, wherein the vehicle 1 is formed as an electric motorcycle, electric pedal scooter or electric scooter, also known as an e-scooter. The vehicle 1 has a wheel module 2 having a wheel 3, which forms a front wheel of the vehicle 1. The wheel module 2 is used in particular for the electric drive of the vehicle 1. In addition, the vehicle 1 has a rear wheel 4, in particular a non-powered rear wheel, which is rotatably mounted on a vehicle frame 5 of the vehicle 1.

[0042] The vehicle 1 has a wheel fork 6, wherein the wheel module 2 is rotatably mounted in the wheel fork 6. The wheel fork 6 is pivotally connected to the frame 5 via handlebars 7, so that the wheel module 2 can be pivoted via the handlebars 7 to steer the vehicle 1.

[0043] FIG. 2 shows, in a schematic sectional illustration, a brake device 8 which is designed and/or suitable for the wheel module 2 or for the rear wheel 4 according to FIG. 1. The wheel 3, 4 has a wheel rim 9 and a tire 10, wherein the tire 10 is arranged on the wheel rim 9. For example, the wheel rim 9 is formed as a steel, aluminum, or plastic rim. For example, the tire 10 is formed as a rubber tire filled with air.

[0044] The module 3, 4 has a wheel axle 11, which defines a rotational axis D with the longitudinal axis thereof. The wheel rim 8 is, for example, supported rotatably on the wheel axle 11 via bearing devices, not shown, wherein the wheel axle 11 is fixed, for example, on the wheel fork 6 in the case of the front wheel.

[0045] The brake device 8 is designed as a friction brake, which is arranged on one side of the wheel rim 9 to transmit a braking torque. The brake device 8 has an annular brake pad 12, in particular one that encircles the rotational axis D, and a brake body device 13 designed as a brake disc. The brake pad 12 and the brake body device 13 are arranged to be coaxial to one another with respect to the rotational axis D. The brake pad 12 is mounted in a non-rotatable manner with respect to the rotational axis D on an axial end face of the wheel rim 9, so that the brake pad 12 is carried along by the wheel rim 9 during driving operation and rotates about the rotational axis D. The brake body device 13 is movable in an axial direction AR towards the brake pad 12 and in an axial opposite direction AG away from the brake pad 12.

[0046] Further, the brake device 8 includes a concentric brake cylinder 14 for transmitting a brake force F1 to the brake body device 13. The brake cylinder 14 can be actuated hydraulically, for example, wherein the brake cylinder 14 is designed as what is termed a slave cylinder for this purpose and is fluidically connected to a master cylinder, not shown, via a hydraulic path.

[0047] The brake cylinder 14 has an inner and an outer housing part 15, 16, wherein the housing parts 15, 16 are arranged concentrically with respect to the rotational axis D and are displaceable and/or rotatable relative to one another in the axial direction. The two housing parts 15, 16 together form an annular housing running around the rotational axis D, wherein a pressure chamber 17 running around the rotational axis D is formed between the two housing parts 15, 16. The pressure chamber 17 is filled with a fluid, for example with a hydraulic oil, and is fluidically connected to the master cylinder via a fluid line, not shown, to form the hydraulic path.

[0048] The inner housing part 15 has a hollow-cylindrical hub 18 as a housing component and a support ring 19 as a support component. In particular, the hub 18 and the support ring 19 are supported on one another in the axial direction and are coupled to one another in a non-rotatable manner via the wheel axle 11. For this purpose, the hub 18 and the support ring 19 each have a through opening 20 through which the wheel axle 11 is guided or inserted. The support ring 19 serves to support the torque of the brake body device 13, wherein the brake body device 13 is supported on the support ring 19 in the circumferential direction about the rotational axis D for this purpose, so that torques acting on the brake body device 13 are introduced into the wheel axle 11 via the support ring 19.

[0049] The outer housing part 16 is designed as a hollow-cylindrical piston 21, which is arranged to be coaxial and/or concentric to the hub 18 and is supported radially on the outer circumference thereof. The piston 21 is designed as a stepped annular piston and for this purpose has a first and a second piston section 21a, b, which are radially offset from one another. Viewed in a cross-section, the piston 21 is therefore stepped, in particular Z-shaped. The hub 18 forms a counterpart that is complementary to the piston 21 and for this purpose has a first and a second hub section 18a, b, which are radially offset from one another corresponding to the two piston sections 21a, b. Thus, in each case a radial offset 22 is formed on the hub 18 and the piston 21, which delimits the pressure chamber 17 in the axial direction AR and in the axial opposite direction AG. The pressure chamber 17 is also delimited in a radial direction RR by the first piston section 21a and in a radial opposite direction RG by the second hub section 18b.

[0050] The first piston section 21a is supported radially on the first hub section 18a via a first sealing means 23a, wherein the first sealing means 23a is received in an annular groove made in the first piston section 21a. The second piston section 21b is supported radially on the second hub section 18b via a second sealing means 23b, wherein the second sealing means 23b is arranged in an annular groove made in the second hub section 18b.

[0051] The brake body device 13 has a pressure plate 24 which serves to transmit the brake force F1 to the friction lining 12. The pressure plate 24 is designed as an annular disc and is arranged to be coaxial and/or concentric with respect to the rotational axis D with respect to the brake cylinder 14. For this purpose, the pressure plate 24 has a central opening 25, wherein the brake cylinder 14 is guided therethrough in sections. In addition, the brake body device 13 has an annular contact plate 26, for example a steel plate, which is arranged on an axial end face of the pressure plate 24 facing the wheel rim 9. The contact plate 26 is used to make contact with the brake pad 12 and, as a wear part, can be replaced in a simple manner.

[0052] When the brake device 8 is actuated, a fluid column is displaced from the master cylinder toward the brake cylinder 14, wherein fluid flows into the pressure chamber 17 and fluid pressure is applied to the piston 21. The piston 21 then performs a stroke in the axial direction AR and transmits the brake force F1 generated by the fluid pressure to the brake body device 13, especially the pressure plate 24. This causes the brake body device 13 to be displaced in the axial direction AR, and to be applied to and/or pressed against the brake pad 16.

[0053] In the actuated state of the brake device 8, the contact plate 26 of the brake body device 13 contacts the brake pad 16 so that the braking torque is formed by a frictional connection to brake the rotating wheel 3, 4 by friction between the contact plate 26 and the brake pad 12. When the brake device 8 is released, the fluid column is displaced again in the direction of the master cylinder so that the brake body device 13 is moved and/or is movable away from the brake pad 12 in the axial opposite direction AG. For this purpose, the brake device 8 can have, for example, a resetting mechanism, not shown, which applies a restoring force F2 to the brake body device 13 and the piston 21 in the axial opposite direction AG.

[0054] Depending on the requirements, high, sustained temperatures are generated in the brake device 8. For example, these temperatures can develop on the brake body device 13 during heavy braking. This can have a negative effect on heat-sensitive components inside the concentric brake cylinder 14, so that this must be thermally insulated to avoid damaging the system.

[0055] For this purpose, the brake body device 13 has a cooling structure 27 on one side on an axial end face facing away from the wheel rim 9. The cooling structure 27 has a plurality of cooling ribs 28 for exchanging thermal energy of the brake body device 13 with an environment, for example ambient air. The braking heat generated during braking can thus be largely dissipated to the environment via the cooling structure 28 of the pressure plate 24 by convection. Nevertheless, the braking heat can also be partially passed on to the components of the brake cylinder 14.

[0056] To protect these components, an insulation device 29 is arranged axially between the piston 21 and the pressure plate 24, which insulates the brake cylinder 14 from the brake body device 24. Thus, the braking heat is not passed on to the piston 21, so that damage to the brake cylinder 14 caused by the effect of heat is prevented. For example, the insulation device 29 has a material which is characterized by a particularly low heat transfer coefficient compared to the pressure plate 24. The pressure plate 24 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, for example. The insulation device 29 is made of a composite material, for example, which has, for example, organic and/or inorganic components such as sand, stone, lime, or the like. Alternatively or optionally in addition, however, the insulation device 29 can also be made of a heat-resistant plastic or ceramic.

[0057] The insulation device 29 is preferably designed to be annular. The insulation device 29 is supported in the radial direction RR on an inner circumference of the pressure plate 24 and in the opposite radial direction RG on an outer circumference of the second piston section 21b. In the axial direction AR, the insulation device 29 rests against the pressure plate 24 and in the axial opposite direction AG against a shoulder of the piston 21 formed by the offset 22. The brake force F1 acting on the piston 21 is thus transmitted to the pressure plate 24 with the insulation device 29 being interposed.

[0058] FIGS. 3A and 3B each show the brake device 8 according to FIG. 2. The brake device 8 is shown in FIG. 3A in a perspective view from the rear and in FIG. 3B in a perspective view from the front. The hub 18 and the support ring 19 each have two diametrically arranged depressions 30 which are introduced into the inner circumference of the through openings 20 and extend in the axial direction. The wheel axle 11, as shown in FIG. 2, can have corresponding elevations, wherein the wheel axle 11 is inserted into the through opening 20 during assembly and engages via the elevations in the depressions 30, so that the hub 18 and the support ring 19 on the wheel axle 11 are secured against twisting.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 3B, the support ring 19 has a support contour 31 for torque support, which is formed by support vanes 32 projecting radially outward. On the inner circumference thereof, the pressure plate 24 has a counter-contour 33 which is complementary to the support contour 31 and is formed by radially introduced grooves 34 as recesses. Each of the support vanes 32 is in engagement with one of the grooves 34, wherein the pressure plate 24 is arranged on the support contour 31 so as to be longitudinally displaceable in the axial direction and non-rotatable in the circumferential direction.

[0060] FIGS. 4A and 4B each show the insulation device 29 according to FIG. 2. FIG. 4A shows the insulation device 29 in an axial view as a first exemplary embodiment. The insulation device 29 is formed by an annular insulation section 35, which can be pushed coaxially with respect to the rotational axis D onto the second cylinder section 18b. The annular insulation section 35 can rest flat against the piston 21 and/or the pressure plate 24. In particular, thermal insulation is implemented in the axial direction and a heat path running between piston 21 and pressure plate 24 is interrupted.

[0061] FIG. 4B shows the insulation device 29 in a perspective view as a second exemplary embodiment. The insulation device 29 has an insulation section 36 in the shape of a circular ring segment and two axial insulation sections 37 protruding in the axial direction, which directly adjoin the insulation section 36 in the shape of a circular ring segment. In particular, several of the insulation sections 36 in the shape of circular ring segments can be combined to form an annular insulation component.

[0062] The axial insulation sections 37 are designed as plate-shaped webs which can be arranged between the supporting contour 31 and the counter-contour 33. Here, insulation sections 36 rest in the circumferential direction around the rotational axis on one of the support vanes 32 and/or one of the grooves 34 in each case. In particular, a thermal insulation in the axial direction is thus implemented by the insulation section 36 in the shape of a circular ring segment, and a heat path running between the pressure plate 24 and the piston 21 is interrupted. In addition, thermal insulation is implemented in the circumferential direction by the axial insulation sections 37 and a heat path running between the pressure plate 24 and the support ring 19 is interrupted. In addition, the axial insulation sections 36 can assume the function of a guide sleeve or sliding sleeve.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

[0063] 1 Vehicle

[0064] 2 Wheel module

[0065] 3 Wheel

[0066] 4 Rear wheel

[0067] 5 Frame

[0068] 6 Wheel fork

[0069] 7 Handlebars

[0070] 8 Brake device

[0071] 9 Wheel rim

[0072] 10 Tire

[0073] 11 Wheel axle

[0074] 12 Brake pad

[0075] 13 Brake body device

[0076] 14 Brake cylinder

[0077] 15 Inner housing part

[0078] 16 Outer housing section

[0079] 17 Pressure chamber

[0080] 18 Hub

[0081] 18a, b Hub sections

[0082] 19 Support ring

[0083] 20 Through opening

[0084] 21 Piston

[0085] 21a, b Piston sections

[0086] 22 Offset

[0087] 23a, b Sealing means

[0088] 24 Pressure plate

[0089] 25 Opening

[0090] 26 Contact plate

[0091] 27 Cooling structure

[0092] 28 Cooling ribs

[0093] 29 Insulation device

[0094] 30 Depressions

[0095] 31 Support contour

[0096] 32 Support vanes

[0097] 33 Counter-contour

[0098] 34 Grooves

[0099] 35 Annular insulation section

[0100] 36 Insulation section in the shape of a circular ring segment

[0101] 37 Axial insulation section

[0102] D Rotational axis

[0103] AR Axial direction

[0104] AG Axial opposite direction

[0105] RR Radial direction

[0106] RG Radial opposite direction