CHAIR ADJUSTMENT MEANS

Abstract

An apparatus allowing a user to adjust a chair, the apparatus including: two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms, each chair parameter adjustment mechanism configured to allow adjustment of a separate chair parameter, two or more cams, each cam configured to actuate one of the two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms, and a mechanical coupling between the two or more cams. The apparatus is configured such that each of the two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms is independently actuatable by the two or more cams.

Claims

1. An apparatus allowing a user to adjust a chair, the apparatus comprising: two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms, each chair parameter adjustment mechanism configured to allow adjustment of a separate chair parameter, two or more cams, each cam configured to actuate one of the two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms, and a mechanical coupling between the two or more cams, wherein the apparatus is configured such that each of the two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms is independently actuatable by the two or more cams.

2. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 1 wherein the mechanical coupling is a connecting member.

3. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 2 wherein each of the two or more cams extends substantially outwardly from the longitudinal axis of the connecting member.

4. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 1 wherein a first cam extends outwardly from the longitudinal axis of the connecting member at an angle to a second cam, the angle measured by reference to a longitudinal axial view of the connecting rod.

5. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 4 wherein the angle is at least about 45 degrees, or at least about 90 degrees, or at least about 145 degrees, or about 180 degrees.

6. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 4 wherein the angle is about 90 degrees or about 180 degrees.

7. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 1 wherein the two or more cams and the mechanical coupling are unitarily formed.

8. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 7 wherein the two or more cams and the mechanical coupling are formed from a single length of metal.

9. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 8 wherein the two or more cams are formed from a deformation of the surface of the single length of metal, or a deformation of the single length of metal.

10. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 1 comprising an actuating member, the actuating member being mechanically coupled to: one of the two or more cams, the mechanical coupling, or any other structure which is mechanically coupled directly or indirectly to one of the two or more cams or the mechanical coupling.

11. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 10 wherein the actuating member is configured so as to be movable independent of the two or more cams, the actuating member being configured such that movement thereof causes actuation of a third chair adjustment parameter independent to the first and second chair adjustment parameters.

12. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 10, wherein the actuating member comprises a rotatable component configured to be gripped and rotated by a user, wherein rotation of the rotatable component allows adjustment of a third chair adjustment parameter independent to the first and second chair adjustment parameters.

13. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 10 comprising a third cam and a third chair adjustment mechanism configured to allow adjustment of a third chair adjustment parameter, wherein the rotation of the rotatable component causes actuation of the third cam which in turn actuates the third chair adjustment mechanism.

14. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 1 wherein one, both or all of the chair parameter adjustment mechanisms is/are configured to engage and disengage with a chair part involved in chair parameter adjustment.

15. (canceled)

16. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the two or more chair adjustment mechanisms is a clutch.

17. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 16 wherein the clutch is a plate-type clutch.

18. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 1 wherein the independent chair parameters are selected from two or more of: backrest-seat pan angle, backrest height, backrest lateral position, seat pan tilt angle, seat pan height, seat pan lateral position, seat pan swivel lock, wheel lock and armrest height.

19. The chair adjustment apparatus of claim 1 consisting of a single actuating member.

20. A chair comprising a chair adjustment apparatus allowing a user to adjust the chair, the adjustment apparatus comprising: two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms, each chair parameter adjustment mechanism configured to allow adjustment of a separate chair parameter, two or more cams, each cam configured to actuate one of the two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms, and a mechanical coupling between the two or more cams, wherein the apparatus is configured such that each of the two or more chair parameter adjustment mechanisms is independently actuatable by the two or more cams.

21. The chair of claim 20 comprising a chair backrest attachment system comprising: a backrest upright member, a channel configured to receive the backrest upright member, and a resilient member, wherein when the backrest upright member is inserted into the channel, the resilient member bears directly or indirectly against the backrest upright member such that a movement of the backrest upright member within the channel is cushioned by the resilient member.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0076] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a perspective view of a preferred apparatus of the invention, showing both clutches in the engaged position.

[0077] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a lateral view of the embodiment of FIG. 1, showing greater details of the third cam actuation.

[0078] FIG. 3A is a diagram of a further perspective view of the preferred apparatus shown in FIG. 1.

[0079] FIG. 3B is a diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 2A showing sleeves used to support the metal bar carrying the cams.

[0080] FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C are plan diagrams of the preferred apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus in three distinct operational states.

[0081] FIG. 5 is a perspective drawing of a preferred attachment system of the present invention. This drawing shows the backrest upright member and channel in assembled form.

[0082] FIG. 6 is a perspective drawing of a preferred attachment system of the present invention as shown in FIG. 5. This drawing shows the backrest upright member and channel in unassembled form.

[0083] FIG. 7 is a perspective drawing of a preferred attachment system of the present invention as shown in FIG. 6. This drawing shows the backrest upright member being inserted into the channel.

[0084] FIG. 8 is a perspective drawing of a preferred attachment system of the present invention as shown in FIG. 7, with the backrest upright member being further inserted into the channel.

[0085] FIG. 9 is a perspective drawing of a preferred attachment system of the present invention as shown in FIG. 8, with the backrest upright member being further inserted into the channel.

[0086] FIG. 10 is a perspective drawing of the preferred attachment system shown in FIGS. 5 to 9, in assembled form, and as attached to a chair chassis.

[0087] FIG. 11A is a cross-section of a preferred attachment system of the present invention, in unassembled form, and showing the position of a resilient member depressing means.

[0088] FIG. 11B is a lateral view of the drawing of FIG. 11A, showing the level at which the cross-section of FIG. 11A is taken.

[0089] FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic lateral view of a preferred attachment system whereby a torsion spring bears indirectly on the backrest upright member, via a toothed wheel involved in adjusting the backrest height.

[0090] FIG. 13 is a perspective drawing of a preferred mechanism for locking the height of the backrest in embodiments including a torsion spring bearing indirectly on the backrest upright member, via a toothed wheel involved in adjusting the backrest height.

[0091] FIG. 14 is a front lateral view of the locking mechanism shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 14A shows the locking mechanism disengaged, with FIG. 14B showing the locking mechanism engaged.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0092] After considering this description it will be apparent to one skilled in the art how the invention is implemented in various alternative embodiments and alternative applications. However, although various embodiments of the present invention will be described herein, it is understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example only, and not limitation. As such, this description of various alternative embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope or breadth of the present invention. Furthermore, statements of advantages or other aspects apply to specific exemplary embodiments, and not necessarily to all embodiments covered by the claims.

[0093] Throughout the description and the claims of this specification the word comprise and variations of the word, such as comprising and comprises is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps.

[0094] Reference throughout this specification to one embodiment or an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases in one embodiment or in an embodiment in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but may.

[0095] The present invention is predicated at least in part on Applicant's finding that a dual cam arrangement may be used to provide a chair adjustment apparatus whereby two chair parameters may be adjusted independently, with the independent adjustments being made by the user by way of a single actuating member. Accordingly, a user is enabled to adjust a chair using a single lever. For example, the user may first adjust the seat pan tilt angle to a desired angle and once that parameter is set subsequently adjust the backrest-seat pan angle. The set pan tilt angle setting is locked in the desired position while the user independently adjusts the backrest-seat pan angle.

[0096] The present invention is a significant advance over prior art adjustment contrivances which use two separate actuating members, with each member dedicated to adjusting a single chair parameter. It is found that users prefer the use of a single actuating member having alternate actuation means (for example two or more of: raising the member, lowering the member, pushing the member forwards, pulling member rearwards, or rotating the member).

[0097] Furthermore, production of the present apparatus is simplified and utilizes less materials leading to economic advantages.

[0098] Further advantage is gained over prior art contrivances that are configured to adjust two seat parameters with a single actuating member, with the user being forced to adjust both parameters contemporaneously. More precise customization of a chair to a user is allowed when the user adjusts each parameter in isolation, and sequentially.

[0099] The cams of the present invention may be any type deemed suitable by the skilled person having the benefit of the present specification. The cam is typically a rotary cam, being actuated by rotation about an axis of the cam.

[0100] The cam surface (i.e. the surface which contacts and actuates the chair parameter adjustment mechanism) may be of any geometry but will typically be curved, and configured to bear against a substantially planar surface of the chair parameter adjustment mechanism. For durability the cams may be fabricated from a metal, typically by either a casting or forging method.

[0101] As will be appreciated, lubrication between the cam surface and the actuation surface of the chair parameter adjustment mechanism will facilitate use and decrease wear on components of the apparatus.

[0102] The chair parameter adjustment mechanism may be any mechanism capable of being actuated by a cam. Typically, the adjustment mechanism comprises a resilient means (such as a spring) which is compressed when the cam bears against the actuation surface of the cam, and returns to the previous state when the cam surface ceases to bear on the actuation surface.

[0103] The chair parameter adjustment mechanism may operate on the basis of a frictional engagement or other reversible means for preventing the movement of a chair component involved in the adjustment of a chair parameter. One example of a chair parameter adjustment mechanism is a clutch mechanism.

[0104] It will be understood that a clutch mechanism in the context of an adjustable chair is not to be construed strictly to mean mechanisms used to transmit power from a driveshaft to a driven shaft (as used in automotive transmissions, for example). The term clutch is used in the art (and in the context of the present invention) to mean any contrivance capable of frictionally engaging with a moveable chair component to substantially prevent movement of that component. In this context, the clutch is able to alternately engage with a moveable chair component (to prevent movement, and therefore prevent adjustment of the chair parameter), and disengage (to allow movement, and therefore allow adjustment).

[0105] Thus, movement of a chair component is allowed when the user engages the clutch to permit the user to adjust a chair parameter. When the parameter is set at a desired position, the clutch is disengaged again by the user to cause locking of the chair parameter at the desired position.

[0106] For ease of use, the apparatus is configured such that, the cams only need depress the actuation bolt 14 or 16 a relatively short distance to disengage the clutch. In some embodiments the bolt only need be depressed 2 mm, 3 mm 4 mm or 5 mm.

[0107] While a clutch mechanism as discussed supra is generally preferred, the chair parameter adjustment mechanism may be any other means capable of alternately engaging and disengaging (whether or not by frictional forces) to alternately allow and prevent movement of the chair component involved in the adjustment a chair parameter. For example, the cam may bear against a sprung pin, the pin configured to be inserted into an aperture formed in chair component, insertion of the pin preventing movement of the component and removal of the pin allowing movement of the component.

[0108] Given the benefit of the present specification, the skilled person is capable of adapting the present invention to other types of chair parameter adjustment mechanism by routine means only.

[0109] The chair component, movement of which is allowed or prevented by the chair parameter adjustment mechanism may be any component identified by the skilled person given the benefit of the present specification. For example, the chair component may be a hinged component such as a backrest post capable of adjustment at an angle to the seat pan. The chair component may be a sliding component such as a seat pan support post capable of sliding within a sleeve and adjustable at a height with reference the floor. The chair component may be a pivoting component such as a seat pan capable of adjustment at an angle of tilt to the floor. The chair component may be a rotating component such as a wheel which may be adjusted from a rolling state to a locked state.

[0110] The present apparatus comprises a mechanical coupling between the two cams. The mechanical coupling may be any contrivance configured to allow each of the cams to independently actuate its associated chair parameter adjustment mechanism. In one embodiment, the mechanical coupling is a simple connecting member (such as a rod, bar or similar) which directly couples the cams such that movement of one cam directly moves the other.

[0111] For example, the mechanical coupling may connect two lobed cams, the lobed cams orientated at 180 degrees to each other. Thus, the first cam is rotationally positioned such that it actuates the first chair adjustment mechanism, and the second cam is (by virtue of the 180 degree offset) does not actuate the second chair adjustment mechanism (the second chair adjustment mechanism being substantially adjacent to the first chair adjustment mechanism). Upon rotation of the first cam 180 degrees, the connecting member rotates the second cam 180 degrees to actuate the second chair adjustment mechanism by virtue of the simple mechanical coupling between the cams.

[0112] It will be appreciated that the mechanical coupling may not be embodied in the form of a discrete structure. For example, two lobed cams may be disposed adjacent to each other at a required offset and mechanically coupled by use of an adhesive. In some embodiments (and as shown in the preferred embodiment of the Figures) the cams are unitarily formed with the mechanical coupling.

[0113] The chair adjustment apparatus may further comprise an actuating member, which is actuated by the user to make adjustments to the two or more chair adjustment parameters. Ultimately, the actuating member causes movement of the cams. The means by which that movement is caused may be due to a direct coupling to one of the cams. Alternatively, the movement of the cams may be due to an indirect coupling of a cam to the actuating member. For example the actuating member may be coupled to the mechanical coupling such that movement of the mechanical coupling in turn moves the cams. As another alternative, the actuating member may be coupled to an intermediate member which is in turn coupled to a cam of the apparatus.

[0114] The actuating member is typically an elongate member which extends toward or past the edge of the seat pan of the chair to which the apparatus is fitted. The user may grip the member directly, or more typically a handle attached to the actuation member. In one embodiment, the handle is configured so as to slide longitudinally along the actuation member so as to be alternately disposable within the perimeter of the chair pan or extended beyond the perimeter.

[0115] In the extended mode, the handle is easier to grasp and the further length can provide increased mechanical advantage in actuation of the chair parameter adjustment mechanisms.

[0116] While advantage is gained in the provision of means whereby two chair adjustment parameters are independently adjustable, further advantage is gained whereby a third seat adjustment parameter is individually adjustable.

[0117] Accordingly, in one embodiment, the actuating member is configured such that movement thereof causes actuation of a third chair adjustment parameter independent to the first and second chair adjustment parameters. For example, the actuating member may be configured to be pushed or pulled by a user along its longitudinal axis so as to move a third cam. In another embodiment the actuating member is rotatable about its longitudinal axis so as to move a third cam.

[0118] In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a rotatable component configured to be gripped and rotated by a user, wherein rotation of the rotatable component causes actuation (optionally via a third cam) of a third chair adjustment parameter independent to the first and second chair adjustment parameters. The rotatable component may be a simple sleeve which surrounds the actuating member, and may optionally be extendable as disclosed supra.

[0119] It will be apparent that the present apparatus may be configured such that a single actuating member acts as a control mechanism for the independent adjustment of three or more seat adjustment parameters. For example, the first parameter may be adjusted by lifting the actuating member, the second by depressing the actuating member, and the third by rotating the member about its long axis. Thus, a user seeking to adjust a chair parameter is not forced to identify the correct actuating member amongst two or more available actuating members given that all adjustments are with a single member.

[0120] In addition to advantage for the user, advantage is gained from a manufacturing perspective given the need to supply and fit only a single actuation member.

[0121] Of course, an apparatus configured to provide for the adjustment of four, five, six or more chair parameters are contemplated. For example, a third clutch may be disposed between the first and second clutches, with the third clutch actuated by a fourth cam disposed between first and second cams. Each cam may be offset by 120 degrees to the adjacent cam such that independent actuation of the first, second and third clutches is provided for. Adjustment of a further chair parameter (making four in total) may be achieved by rotation of the chair adjustment means.

[0122] It will be appreciated that the chair parameter adjustment mechanism may be any mechanism operable by way of a cam, and includes any mechanism known to the skilled person having the benefit of this disclosure either at the filing date of this application or any date thereafter.

[0123] The chair parameter adjustment mechanism may be a part of chair, the chair further comprising a chair backrest attachment system comprising: [0124] a backrest upright member, [0125] a channel configured to receive the backrest upright member, and [0126] a resilient member [0127] wherein in use, when the backrest upright member is inserted into the channel the resilient member bears directly or indirectly against the backrest upright member such that a movement of the backrest upright member within the channel is cushioned by the resilient means.

[0128] The presence of a member, while not necessarily preventing lateral movement of the upright member within the channel may nevertheless act to cushion movement. The term cushion is intended to include aspects such as soften, dampen, slow, restrain, diminish, absorb, quieten and the like.

[0129] The resilient member may be any apparent to the skilled person having the benefit of the present specification. More typically, the member is a spring including a helical spring, a flat spring, a machined spring, a compression spring, a gas spring, a leaf spring, or a flat spring. Torsion helical springs are preferred due their simplicity of construction, cost, durability and ease of incorporation into an office chair configuration.

[0130] Advantageously, in one embodiment the system requires only the insertion of the backrest upright member into a channel structure disposed elsewhere in the chair. Typically the channel is separately formed and extends beyond the rear edge of the seat pan, but is nevertheless attached to a frame or chassis of the chair. For example, many adjustable office chairs have a chassis that houses various adjustment means, clutches, levers and the like. The chassis is generally fabricated of metal plate and so provides a sound attachment point for the channel (and in turn the backrest upright member).

[0131] Insertion of the upright member into the channel automatically results in the resilient member exerting a force onto the member thereby resisting further lateral movement of the member. This represents an advance over prior art systems requiring the use of fasteners (such as screws, bolts, pins and the like) to firmly retain the upright member within the channel.

[0132] Many prior art chairs are devoid of any means for properly stabilizing the upright member, with the present invention providing similar ease of assembly but without the undesirable result of unrestrained movement of the upright member or the associated rattling sounds.

[0133] The resilient member may bear directly on the upright member, or in more complex arrangements bear indirectly thereon. The resilient means may bear on one or more intermediate components, which in turn transfer the force finally to the upright member.

[0134] In some embodiments, the resilient means bears against a component of a backrest height adjustment mechanism, thereby cushioning any movement between the components of the mechanism.

[0135] As another example of the resilient member bearing indirectly against the upright member, the resilient member may bear against the backrest itself thereby transferring the cushioning force to the upright member. It will be appreciated that in such embodiments, the backrest typically extends downwardly to the level of the seat pad, or even extends past the level of the seat pan.

[0136] In any event, the channel into which the upright member inserts generally does not completely surround the member, but instead is open in at least one region to allow the resilient member (or intermediate component where force is transferred indirectly) to bear against the upright member. Conveniently, the channel may be formed from a piece of sheet metal curved to provide a channel region, with panels adjacent the channel region configured to facilitate attached of the channel to a chair structure.

[0137] It is generally the case that a terminus of the resilient means bears against the upright member or intermediate structure. In preferred embodiments comprising a torsion spring the terminus is one of the two free ends of the spring. The terminus may only be a single wire of the spring, however preferably the wire is bent so as to present a U-shape or V-shape to contact the upright member or intermediate structure.

[0138] The upright member may be configured in any way to more securely engage with the resilient means or intermediate structure, as compared with the situation where no such configuration is provided. For example, the upright structure may comprise an aperture, a depression, a protuberance, or a deformation configured to engage with the resilient means of intermediate structure. Such engagement means may limit or prevent the longitudinal (i.e. upwards-and-downwards) movement, or axial rotational movement of the upright member within the channel. In some embodiment the engagements means limits or prevents the lateral movement of the upright member within the channel.

[0139] To further improve engagement between the resilient means and the upright member the resilient means may be especially configured. For example, where the upright member comprises a groove-shaped aperture a terminus of a resilient member may be substantially tongue-shaped and dimensioned so as to snugly fit within the aperture. Where the uptight member comprises a circular protuberance, the terminus of the resilient member may be substantially cylindrical so as to snugly fit over the protuberance.

[0140] Advantageously, the resilient means has two or more functions in the context of a chair, and includes a function other than bearing against the backrest upright member. As will be apparent to the skilled person, adjustable prior art office chairs comprise one or more mechanisms which rely on resilient means, such as a spring. For example, chair adjustment mechanisms often include a spring which urges a chair component (such as the seat pan, armrest, or backrest) toward a predetermined position, height or orientation. For example a seat pan tilt adjustment mechanism utilises a torsion spring to bring the set pan back to a level orientation where a controlling clutch is disengaged to allow for pivoting of the seat pan.

[0141] Use of a resilient member which is already a part of the chair construction provides cost savings to the manufacturer, and also simplifies construction.

[0142] To simplify assembly of the system components, the channel may comprise a stop member so as to prevent inadvertent excessive insertion of the terminal member edge through the lower edge of the channel. The stop member may be a discrete component, however conveniently the channel wall may be simply deformed at the lower edge for as to provide a barrier to passage of the upright member.

[0143] The present invention takes advantage of the ability of a resilient means to cushion the movement of the upright member within the channel. In order to better achieve the required cushioning, the resilient member is preferred to exert a significant force on the upright member. A problem arises in the use of powerful springs in so far as a user may find difficulty in depressing the spring out of the main channel space so as to make room for the upright member during insertion. This problem may be overcome or ameliorated by the incorporation of a resilient member depressing means within the channel, configured so as to maintain the spring in a compressed state. Compression of the spring and insertion of the depressing means is typically performed in the factory.

[0144] The depressing means is configured to be dislodged and replaced by the upright member during insertion of the member into the channel. In this way, the user is not required to compress the resilient member and instead simply inserts the upright member. The force applied to the depressing means by the resilient means is immediately transferred to the upright member upon dislodgement of the resilient means.

[0145] The depressing means may be shaped (cross-sectionally) the same or similar to that of the upright member, this ensuring a snug fit with the channel and a lesser chance of accidental dislodgement. However, it will be understood that the depressing means may be any shape or size so long as it is capable of maintaining the resilient means in a compressed state, yet is capable of dislodgement as required.

[0146] In embodiments of the channel having a stop member, it may be necessary to configure the depressing means to be capable of moving past the stop member so as to be expellable at the lower edge of the channel. Alternatively, the depressing means and upright member may be dimensioned so that both are retained within the channel after assembly. For example, where the length of the upright member is required to be 50 cm, an upright member of length 45 cm may be used along with a depressing means of 5 cm length.

[0147] It will be appreciated that in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.

[0148] Furthermore, while some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, as would be understood by those in the art. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0149] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.

[0150] Thus, while there has been described what are believed to be the preferred embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art will recognize that other and further modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended to claim all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

[0151] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in many other forms.

[0152] The present invention will now be more fully described by reference to the following non-limiting preferred embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0153] Turning to FIG. 1 there is shown a preferred chair adjustment apparatus of the invention. This preferred embodiment is capable of adjusting three chair parameters: seat pan tilt, seat pan-backrest angle and seat pan height.

[0154] The apparatus comprises two clutches 10 and 12 adapted to alternatively engage and disengage with a movable chair component. In this embodiment the clutch 10 engages and disengages with a chair component involved in the adjustment of the seat pan angle by the user. Thus, when the clutch is disengaged the user is able to adjust the seat pan angle by rocking forward (or back) on the seat pan until a desired angle is achieved. Once the desired angle is achieved, the clutch is released such that the seat pan is locked at the desired angle. The clutch 12 performs a similar function, but for the backrest-seat pan angle.

[0155] The clutches 10 and 12 are of the dry multiple-plate type well known to the skilled person. Each clutch is operated by a simple spring mechanism whereby depression of the upper face of the clutch actuation bolt 14 or 16 against the resilient force of the spring 18 or 20 causes disengagement of the clutch from its associated chair component to allow movement of that component. When the depressive force acting on the actuation bolt 14 or 16 is removed, the spring 18 or 20 urges the actuation bolt away from the clutch body so that the clutches re-engages with its associated seat component to cause that component to lock in position.

[0156] The clutches 10 and 12 are engaged and disengaged by the cams 22 and 24, each cam acting on the upper face of the clutch actuation bolt 14 or 16. As will be noted, the cams 22 and 24 are formed by the deformation of a single length of steel bar 26. The cams 22 and 24 are connected by the connecting portion 25.

[0157] In FIG. 1 the cams are shown in a position whereby neither cam is acting on a clutch actuation bolt 14 or 16. Cam 22 is directly upwardly, and cam 24 (being disposed a 180 degrees to cam 22) is directly downwardly. With the cams so arranged, the seat pad and backrest are locked in position by action of the clutches 10 and 12.

[0158] In order to disengage clutch 10, the steel bar 26 is rotated counter-clockwise (when viewed from the right side of the page, as drawn) about its long axis by an angle of around 10 degrees. This rotation has the effect of urging the cam 22 against the upper surface of the clutch actuation bolt 14, thereby disengaging the clutch 10. It will be noted that contemporaneously the cam 24 is rotated away from the actuation bolt 16 of the clutch 12, and accordingly clutch 12 remains engaged. In this way, the chair parameter associated with clutch 10 can be adjusted independently to the chair parameter associated with clutch 12. Furthermore, the chair parameter associated with clutch 10 can be adjusted while the chair parameter associated with clutch 12 is fixed.

[0159] In this embodiment, the chair parameter associated with clutch 10 is the backrest-seat pan angle. The bolt 19 extending through the clutch is mechanically coupled to a pole (not shown) supporting the backrest (not shown). Where the bolt 19 is prevented from moving along a slot in the apparatus housing by engagement with the clutch 10, the backrest pole is unable to pivot to alter the backrest-seat pan angle. Upon disengagement of the clutch 10, the bolt 19 is permitted to move within the slot thereby allowing adjustment of the backrest-seat pan angle.

[0160] The counter-clockwise rotation of the bar 26 is achieved by the user lifting the bar extension 28. The bar extension 28 is formed by a downward 90 degree bend in the bar 26, and a further lateral 90 degree bed. The apparatus is typically installed on the inferior face of the seat pan, with the bar extension 28 extending toward an edge of the seat pan to facilitate manipulation by a user reaching downwardly.

[0161] In order to actuate clutch 12, the steel bar is rotated clockwise about its long axis by 10 degrees. This rotation is achieved by the user pushing the bar extension 28 downwardly. This rotation has the effect of urging the cam 24 against the upper surface of the clutch actuation bolt 16, thereby disengaging the clutch 12. It will be noted that contemporaneously the cam 22 is rotated away from the actuation bolt 14 of the clutch 10, and accordingly clutch 10 remains engaged. In this way, the chair parameter associated with clutch 12 can be adjusted independently to the chair parameter associated with clutch 10. Furthermore, the chair parameter associated with clutch 12 can be adjusted while the chair parameter associated with clutch 10 is fixed.

[0162] In this embodiment, the chair parameter associated with clutch 12 is the seat pan angle. The pin 21 extending through the clutch is mechanically coupled to the seat pan (not shown). Where the pin 21 is prevented from movement by engagement with the clutch 12, the seat pan is unable to pivot to alter seat pan angle. Upon disengagement of the clutch 12, the pin 21 is permitted to move thereby allowing adjustment of the seat pan angle.

[0163] The preferred embodiment of FIG. 1 is configured to allow for the adjustment of a third chair parameter. In this embodiment, the bar extension 28 is configured to actuate a third cam 30 upon rotation of a cylindrical cover 32 fitted over the bar extension. To the cylindrical cover is attached and elongate handle 34, which is prevented from being removed from the cover 32 by a user by way of lugs 34 which engage with a ridge (not shown) on the interior face of the handle 34. The cylindrical cover further engages with the handle 34 by way of a cam lug 36 by. The cylindrical cover 32 is permitted to rotate about its longitudinal axis, such that rotation of the handle 34 by a user in a clockwise direction causes the cam 30 to depress against the member 36 which in turn causes clockwise rotation of the bar 38 about its long axis to move the plate 40 in an arc and downwardly.

[0164] In the position shown in FIG. 1, the plate tip 42 locks into the slidable stem which supports the seat pan to prevent further movement of the seat pan in an upwards or downwards direction. When the cylindrical cover 32 is rotated clockwise the plate tip 42 can no longer effectively engage with the seat pan stem and so the height of the seat pan can be altered by the user. Typically, a gas spring (not shown) facilitates lifting and dampens the lowering of the seat pan.

[0165] It will be noted that this embodiment allows for the adjustment of three chair parameters by the use of a single member (being the bar extension 28), and the associated cylindrical cover 32. Importantly, the three chair parameters are adjustable independently.

[0166] The actuation of the third cam 30 is shown more clearly in FIG. 2. Rotation of the sleeve 32 clockwise causes the curved cam surface to depress against the member 36 causing movement of the member 36 to the right (as indicated by the dashed arrow). Because of a pivot point about 38, the plate 40 is caused to move to the left (as indicated by the dashed arrow) with the plate tip 42 downwardly.

[0167] The apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 is housed in a frame (not shown), with the clutches 10 and 12 fastened to the housing to prevent undesired movement. The housing is in turn fastened to the underside of the seat pan.

[0168] The bar 26 is suspended at the correct distance from the clutches by the use of supporting sleeves extending from the housing. Reference is made to FIG. 3A showing the apparatus without the supporting sleeves to show the underlying structures, with FIG. 3B showing the sleeves 50. The tabs 52 on the sleeves 50 are for mounting the sleeves onto a part of the apparatus housing (not shown). The lugs 54 formed in the bar 26 prevent slippage of the bar through the sleeves 50, and therefore slippage of the cams 22 and 24 with reference to the clutch actuator bolts 14 and 16.

[0169] FIG. 4 shows the apparatus in three distinct operating configurations.

[0170] The first configuration is shown at FIG. 4A, which is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 whereby the cams 22 and 24 are not urging against their respective clutch actuation surfaces 14 and 16. In this first configuration, the bar extension 28 extends horizontally, and the clutches are not actuated.

[0171] The second configuration shown at FIG. 4B is achieved by the user lifting the extension bar 28 causing rotation of the cam 22 such that it urges against the clutch actuation surface 14 thereby disengaging clutch 10.

[0172] The third configuration shown at FIG. 4C is achieved by the user lowering the extension bar 28 causing rotation of the cam 24 such that it urges against the clutch actuation surface 14 thereby disengaging clutch 12.

[0173] Turning now to embodiments of the chair having the novel back backrest, reference is made to FIG. 5. shows components of the system in assembled form (i.e. with the backrest attached to the seat pan). The backrest upright member 10 is shown inserted into the channel 12, this insertion having been effected by a purchaser of the chair. The external cross-sectional profile of the upright member 10 is similar to the internal cross-sectional profile of the channel 12, this limiting the amount of lateral movement (or play) of the upright member 10 within the channel.

[0174] Nevertheless, to ease insertion the upright member 10 is dimensioned relative to the channel 12 so as to provide at least some play. It is this play (which may be minimal) that causes the undesirable movement and rattling in prior art attachment systems when a user leans against the backrest.

[0175] The presence and arrangement of the torsion spring 16 cushions any movement of the upright member 10 within the channel. It will be noted that the terminus 14 of the torsion spring 16 is disposed within the aperture 18 of the channel 12. In this configuration the torsion spring 16 is in tension and so the terminus 14 bears against the rim of the aperture 18 so as to resist lateral movement of the upright member 10 within the channel 12.

[0176] In some embodiments, the force of the torsion spring 16 against the upright member 10 is so great so as to substantially remove any play between the two components. It will be appreciated that in that situation the torsion spring may be difficult to compress during insertion of the upright member by the user. It will therefore be more typical for the torsion spring to still allow at least some play (and optionally allow all available play), however with a cushioning effect. Thus, when a user bears against the backrest, the torsion spring gradually absorbs the force thereby slowing the lateral movement of the upright member within the channel. This cushioning effect affords the user a feeling of security in the integrity of the backrest. Furthermore, the channel is prevented from hitting the channel at speed, thereby diminishing any rattling or other noise when the user reclines.

[0177] Similarly, when the user sits forward (thereby ceasing to bear on the backrest) the upright member is prevented from freely moving within the channel given that the torsion spring is constantly urging the member against the interior face of the channel. This constant urging of the upright member limits the amount of rattling and other noise which may lead the consumer to conclude that the chair is faulty.

[0178] In the preferred embodiment of FIG. 5 the upright member 10 is prevented from movement along the longitudinal axis (i.e. in an up-and-down direction) by the locking of the torsion spring terminus in the aperture 18. The torsion spring terminus 14 is dimensioned so as sit completely within the aperture 18, with the torsion spring 16 providing sufficient force so as to prevent the terminus 14 from exiting the aperture. This feature provides an even greater feeling of security to the user, and further diminishes any noise resulting from the user reclining and sitting forward on the chair.

[0179] It will be noted from FIG. 5 that the channel 12 is not completely closed, and is open in the region of the torsion spring terminus 14. In this preferred embodiment, the channel 12 is open along the entire length, the opening flanked by opposing attachment panels 20, each panel having a two bolt holes 22. The attachment panels 20 are configured so as to attach to the main chair chassis disposed on the underside of the seat pan (not shown). Bolts (not shown) extend through the chassis and panels 20 to secure the channel 10 to the chassis.

[0180] The torsion spring 16 is a spring which is otherwise required in the chair. In this preferred embodiment, the torsion spring 16 is involved in the seat pan tilt angle adjustment mechanism (not shown). In that adjustment mechanism, the function of the spring is to return the seat pan to a predetermined angle when the user actuates a lever to unlock the seat pan and allow it to freely pivot. In prior art chairs, the terminus 14 of the spring bears against a part of the chassis, and performs no function other to maintain the tension of the spring. In the present invention, that part of the chassis is removed to allow the spring terminus 14 to bear against the upright member 10. The upright member 10 acts to maintain tension on the spring such that the seat pan tilt adjustment mechanism still functions as per normal.

[0181] In this preferred embodiment, the wall of the channel 12 has a stop member 24 disposed at the lower end. The function of this member 24 is to prevent the upright member 10 from being inserted beyond the lower edge of the channel 10, thereby ensuring that the spring terminus 14 is properly located in the upright member aperture 18.

[0182] Turning now to FIG. 6, the upright member 10 and channel 12 are shown in a position ready for assembly. The backrest (not shown) is attached at a higher point on the upright member 10. The seat pan (not shown) sits above the channel 12, but is disposed such that the channel is accessible to the upright member 10. The longitudinal axis of the upright member 10 is aligned with that of the channel 12. The torsion spring terminus 14 is extended across the channel space, being in a substantially uncompressed state.

[0183] FIG. 7 shows the further insertion of the upright member 10 into the channel 12 to the point that the lower end of the member 10 contacts the torsion spring 16.

[0184] FIG. 8 shows the further insertion of the upright member 10 into the channel 12 to the point that the lower end of the member 10 contacts the torsion spring terminus 14. In this circumstance, the torsion spring is in a substantially compressed state

[0185] FIG. 9 shows the further insertion of the upright member 10 into the channel 12 to the point that the lower end of the member 10 is disposed on the edge of aperture 18. Inserting the upright member 10 slightly further causes the torsion spring terminus 14 to securely locate in the aperture 18 (as shown in FIG. 1). In this circumstance, the torsion spring 16 is in a substantially compressed state, and the chair is ready for use. Given that the torsion spring 16 is compressed by the upright member 10, the spring is now able to function in its additional capacity as part of the seat pan tilt adjustment mechanism.

[0186] FIG. 10 shows the channel 12 attached to the chassis 26 of the chair. The lower face of the seat pan (not shown) sits on the surface 28 in a position as indicated by the dashed plane 30. The seat pan attached to the chassis by way of screw fasteners (not shown) inserted through the grooved apertures 32. This drawing more clearly shows the stop member 24 on the wall of the channel at the lower edge.

[0187] FIG. 11 shows the channel 12 in a preferred embodiment of the invention having disposed within a ring member 34 which acts to depress the terminus 14 of the torsion spring 16. The cross-sectional diagram of FIG. 11A is taken through the line Y-Y as shown in FIG. 11B. In this embodiment, the ring member 34 is inserted at the point of manufacture using a special tool to depress the spring terminus 14. Upon insertion of the upright member into the channel by the user, the ring member 34 is dislodged an expelled through the lower end of the channel 12, and discarded. It will be noted that the ring member 34 comprises a space to allow passage past the stop member 24 during expulsion.

[0188] Use of a ring member as described eases insertion of the upright member by the user. The user is not required to provide the substantial force needed to compress the torsion spring (this having been performed in the factory). Instead, the user only need push the ring member downwardly, this occurring automatically upon insertion of the upright member. The upright member then inserts into the space previously occupied by the ring member, and the torsion spring bears against the upright member.

[0189] It will be appreciated that the member need not bear directly against the upright member, with the present invention including embodiments whereby an intermediate structure is disposed between the resilient member and the upright member. An example of such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 12 whereby a portion of the torsion spring 16 superior to the terminus 14 bears against the axle 40 of a toothed wheel 42. The toothed wheel 42 is thereby urged against the upright member 10 thereby absorbing any free play in the upright member 10.

[0190] In the preferred embodiment of FIG. 12 the toothed wheel meshes with a series of grooves 44 in the opposing face of the upright member 10. Thus, rotation of the toothed wheel causes the upright member 10 (and therefore the backrest, not shown) to move upwards and downwards to a position desired by the user. A hand crank (not shown) is used rotate the toothed wheel 42. When the backrest is in a desired position, the toothed wheel 42 is locked by insertion of locking member 46.

[0191] It will be noted that the longer arm of the torsion spring 16 exerts a force against the toothed wheel 42 thereby urging a meshed tooth laterally and toward the rear wall of the groove 44. In this position, the spring 16 is in a substantially compressed state. Subsequent insertion of the vertical member forces the toothed wheel 42 forward (i.e. toward the front edge of the seat pan) thus transferring the compressive load from the rear wall of the groove 44 to the upright member 10. Upon engagement the toothed wheel 42 is forced forward only by a minimal distance (typically about 2 mm) so as to facilitate home/office self-assembly.

[0192] Once the vertical member is engaged the full (or substantially full) compressive force of the torsion spring is transferred through the toothed wheel 42 and directly against the groove 44 of the upright member.

[0193] A further advantage of this arrangement is that the torsion spring 16 acts not only to cushion a movement of the upright member 10 within the channel 12, but to also maintain the toothed wheel 42 and grooves 44 in close meshing association. Any play in the meshing association is cushioned by the torsion spring 16 bearing against the toothed wheel 42, this providing an even greater feeling of security for a user leaning against the backrest.

[0194] While the rack and pinion arrangement shown in FIG. 12 is preferred, it will be appreciated that many other arrangements achieving the same or similar mechanical result will have utility. For example, a roller pinion gear will be operable whereby the toothed wheel is replaced by a roller pinion, with the rack of the upright member remaining unchanged.

[0195] As a further alternative, a pulley system may be incorporated whereby the resilient means bears against a pulley disposed on the upright member. Where the resilient means bears against a pulley on the backrest, the cushioning force of the resilient means is nevertheless transferred to the upright member thereby cushioning any lateral movement of the upright member within the channel.

[0196] Turning now to FIG. 13 there is shown an alternative toothed wheel locking mechanism to that of FIG. 12. The locking mechanism if FIG. 12 directly contacts the toothed wheel, while that of FIG. 13 is an indirect locking mechanism.

[0197] The locking mechanism of FIG. 13 has an external adjustment wheel 50, disposed lateral to one of the opposing attachment panels 20. The adjustment wheel 50 is rotatably mounted on the same axis (not shown) as the toothed wheel (not shown). By the user rotating the wheel 50 clockwise, the toothed wheel is also rotated clockwise, this in turn raising the upright member and also the backrest. Lowering the backrest is achieved by counter-clockwise rotation of the wheel 50.

[0198] The adjustment wheel 50 has integral locking members 54 disposed circumferentially about the inner face. Two adjacent locking members 54 define a space 56 therebetween into which a tab 56 may be accommodated. The tab 56 is formed by a deformation in the adjacent attachment panel 20. In FIG. 13, the wheel 50 is shown in a locked position with rotation in both directions being prevented by the locking members colliding with the tab. Given that the toothed wheel is disposed on the same axis, rotation of the toothed wheel is also prevented thereby locking the backrest at the desired height.

[0199] The adjustment wheel 50 is movable along its axis of rotation to alternate from a locked state (whereby height adjustment of the backrest is prevented) to an unlocked state (whereby height adjustment of the backrest is allowed). Turning to FIG. 14A, the locked state (of FIG. 13) is shown in lateral view to more clearly show the wheel 50 pushed inwards towards the attachment plate 20. In FIG. 14B, the adjustment wheel 50 has been pulled outwardly by the user, such that the tab 52 no longer abuts the adjacent locking members 54, and the user is free to rotate the wheel 50 to adjust the backrest height. When the desired backrest height is achieved, the user pushes the wheel toward the attachment panel 20 to return to the locked state shown in FIG. 14A.

[0200] It will be appreciated that the adjustment wheel 50 may be spring-loaded, such that the spring is stretched when the wheel is pulled outwardly by a user. To return the wheel 50 the locked stated the user simply releases the wheel, causing it to recoil back toward the attachment panel 20.