THREAD FEEDER OF ROTARY DRUM TYPE WITH DETECTION OF THE DENSITY OF THREAD PRESENT THEREON

Abstract

Accumulation-type thread feeder including: a body, which bears a rotary drum on which turns of thread from a spool are wound; a tension sensor for detecting value of tension of exiting thread and a detector for detecting thread quantity accumulated on the drum; a light-reflecting element on the drum or functionally associated therewith, such light generated by light a generator borne by a support arranged alongside the drum, the support associated with a detector to detect light reflected by the reflecting element, the reflected light varying as a function of the quantity of thread wound on the rotary drum, the detection allowing detection of such thread quantity. The detector is a light-sensitive member directly receiving the light reflected by the reflecting element along the entire surface of the drum, the member allowing determination of thread density on the drum.

Claims

1. A feeder of thread or yarn, intended for an operating machine or a textile machine, said feeder being of accumulation type and comprising: a body which bears a rotary drum having a surface on which thread turns coming from a spool are wound; a tension sensor for detecting the tension value of the thread exiting from the drum and a thread quantity detector for detecting the quantity of thread accumulated thereon, said thread quantity detector comprising a light-reflecting element arranged along the surface of the drum, such light being generated by a light generator borne by a support arranged alongside the rotary drum, said support being associated with a reflected light detector or sensor adapted to detect the light reflected by said reflecting element, said reflected light varying as a function of the quantity of thread wound on said rotary drum, said detection allowing the detection of such thread quantity, the reflected light detector being at least one light-sensitive member that receives the light reflected by said reflecting element, said light-sensitive member allowing the determination of the density of the thread present on the drum, wherein the feeder comprises a plurality of the reflecting elements arranged along the surface of the rotary drum that are separated by a zone not reflecting the light emitted by the light generator.

2. (canceled)

3. The feeder according to claim 1, wherein said light-sensitive member is a CCD sensor.

4. (canceled)

5. The feeder according to claim 1, wherein two light-sensitive members distributed around the drum and borne by said support detect the signal reflected by a single said reflecting element, said signal being analyzed and compared in differential mode between the signal received by the first light-sensitive member and the signal received by the second light-sensitive member, so as to automatically compensate for and cancel out disturbances caused by the effect of the ambient light and possible deposit of yarn residues or dust on said reflecting element and/or light-sensitive members.

6. The feeder according to claim 3, wherein on the surface of the drum, in a position such to certainly not be covered by the thread or yarn, at least one further reflecting element is provided that is adapted to cooperate with corresponding said light generator and with corresponding reflected light detector or sensor of reflected light borne by the support, said at least one further reflecting element allowing the obtainment of a reflected light signal on an area of the drum not covered by the thread, and adapted to act as a reference and comparison with the reflected light signal generated by each reflecting element arranged along the surface of the drum on which the thread is wound.

7. The feeder according to claim 1, wherein said light generator and said reflected light detector or sensor is connected to a controller which, as a function of the light signals received by the reflected light detector or sensor, determine the density of the thread present on said rotary drum by comparison between signals emitted by said detector means or sensors following the reception of the aforesaid light signals and preset data, the quantity of the thread present on the rotary drum being defined on the basis of such density determination.

Description

[0029] In order to better comprehend the present invention, the following drawings are enclosed by way of a merely non-limiting example, in which:

[0030] FIG. 1 is a side view of a feeder according to the present invention;

[0031] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the part indicated with A in FIG. 1;

[0032] FIGS. 3-6 are graphs showing the signals or pulses generated by a detector element of the feeder of FIG. 1 during its use according to the invention.

[0033] With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a thread feeder, indicated overall with reference number 10, is of accumulation type and comprises a main body 12 associated with a suitable support 14 and supporting a rotary drum 16 with vertical axis W; on such drum, a specific number of turns (not shown) of a thread coming from a spool (not shown) are wound. The entering thread, i.e. before reaching the drum 16, normally passes through a thread guide 18 associated with an upper part 19 of the body 12 which defines the inlet trajectory of the thread into the feeder 10 and prevents such thread from coming into direct contact with the body 12.

[0034] In proximity to such thread guide 18, a normal adjustable braking member 20 is present which is borne, with the thread guide, by a bracket 21 integral with the part 19 of the body 12.

[0035] The drum 16 has the task of accumulating a pre-established (possibly or preferably programmable) number of thread turns coming from the spool and to feed the latter to a textile machine (not shown). The drum 16 simultaneously allows separating the turns in a manner such they cannot be overlapped and consequently pinched together.

[0036] The drum 16 is made to rotate by an electric motor arranged in the body 12 (not shown) and it has a surface 23 on which the thread is wound; such thread at least partially occupies such surface between an upper end 23A and a lower end 23B. In particular, the thread coming from the thread guide 18 and from the braking member 20 reaches the aforesaid end 23A of the surface 23 in a known manner, is wound on the latter and exits from the drum of the lower end 23B of said surface.

[0037] The latter, in particular, is defined by a plurality of bar elements 25 arranged along a common circumference so as to define the cylindrical form of the drum. The elements 25 are spaced from each other and within slits 26 such that, present therebetween, tabs of a member are moved which are adapted to separate the turns from each other and to push them towards the outlet of the drum, i.e. its end 23B.

[0038] Under the drum, a tension sensor (not shown) is arranged, present at a free end 28 of a support 27 arranged laterally with respect to the rotary drum 16 and constrained to the body 12 of the feeder or feeding device 10.

[0039] The support 27 is associated with a circuit board bearing LED or light generator means 30 and light detector means 31. Such detector means or sensor 31 detect the light which, generated by LED means 30, is reflected by at least one of the bar elements 25 (which in FIG. 1 is identified as 25A). Each of such reflecting elements 25Awhich can have the flat, concave or convex reflecting surface attained by means of the application on the element itself of a layer, for example of an adhesive or metal bladeis capable of separately or overall generating reflected light which covers the entire surface 23, from the end 23A to the end 23B.

[0040] The reflected light that thus affects a complete zone of the surface between its two opposite ends 23A, 23B is detected by the sensor 31, which can therefore receive light (reflected) by a longitudinal zone of the surface 23 comprised between the two ends thereof. Therefore, such sensor 31 not only detects the light reflected by one or more (limited) parts of the surface 23, but also detects the light reflected by the entire longitudinal portion (corresponding to that where the element 25A is arranged) of such surface.

[0041] Since the presence of the thread (or better yet of its turns) on the surface 23 interferes with the reflection of the light by the element 25A (or better yet tends to prevent it), as a function of the (reflected) light signal actually received by the sensor 31 it is possible to know the density of thread accumulated on the drum 16 and therefore indirectly know the quantity thereof.

[0042] In order to have an optimal detection, the sensor 31 could be a CCD sensor. Of course, this is connected to a control unit (not shown) which receives the data generated by the sensor 31 as a function of the detected light and which determines, according to a comparison algorithm, the density of thread wound on the drum. Such algorithm, in particular, compares the light values detected by the sensor 31 in the absence of thread on the drum with detected values linked to the accumulation of thread on the drum itself. In particular, the control algorithm continuously compares the value detected by the sensor with a reference value, possibly stored during a calibration step or detected in real time by another sensor that works in the same manner, but arranged in a position of the drum on which the thread is not deposited.

[0043] Alternatively, instead, the control algorithm combines the information received (i.e. the detected value) by the first sensor with a light value detected by a second sensor arranged in a zone adjacent to the first, but distributed along the axis of the drum. In this case, the two sensors actually work and read two adjacent drum portions and the control algorithm monitoring the progression of the two signals is able to compensate for reading errors due to the presence of dirt or external noise (such as ambient light) conditions; in practice, the system will operate with differential mode. If the reading of the value generated by the first sensor (arranged in the lower portion of the drum) coincides with the reading of the value generated by the second sensor (arranged in the upper portion of the drum), it will be detected that the drum is being unloaded or is completely loaded. When instead, the first sensor generates a value greater than the second sensor, this is an indication of the fact that the drum is being loaded; vice versa, the drum is being unloaded.

[0044] Alternatively, instead, by always working with two adjacent sensors, the second sensor arranged higher (along the axis of the drum 16) is used as measurement reference for the first sensor, whose value (greater, smaller or equal) determines the loading state of the drum.

[0045] Therefore, from this comparison the control electronics are capable of detecting the density of the thread present on the drum.

[0046] In front of the sensor 31, a transparent window 37 is arranged, having a convex shape (concave towards the sensor 31).

[0047] During the use of the accumulator, each reflecting element arranged on the drum 16, due to the circular movement thereof, interacts with the sensor 31 arranged in the support 27 which lies opposite, and as a result such sensor detects the density of thread wound around the drum. The detection of the presence of the thread is obtained due to the fact that, over time, the thread, being wound around the drum 16, comes to partially or totally cover the surface of each reflecting element. This total or partial coverage of the reflection elements will prevent the same from completely reflecting the light towards the sensor 31. From the decoding of the signal emitted by the latter as a function of the received light signal, the control unit obtains data that precisely expresses the density of the thread wound on the drum.

[0048] The precision of the system is in fact ensured by the alternation of at least one reflecting surface with at least one non-reflecting surface. This alternation is allowed by the presence of at least one reflecting element 25A arranged on the external surface 23 of the drum.

[0049] During a normal revolution of the drum (360), the LED or equivalent light transmitter element 30 emits a signal which intercepts, one or more times, the reflecting element arranged on the drum 16 itself which by reflecting the light signal towards the sensor 31, allows the control unit to decipher how much reflecting surface is free of thread. The advantage of having a CCD as sensor lies in the fact that it allows reading/controlling a greater area of the drum 16 since it can receive the reflected light along the entire longitudinal area of the surface 23 (i.e. that between its ends 23A and 23B) occupied by each reflecting element 25A. On the basis of the reflecting surface of the element 25A free of thread, the control unit can identify the density and hence the quantity of thread present on the drum and drive a rotation of the latter in order to facilitate (or prevent) the winding of further thread or the unwinding thereof from the drum itself (and the sending to the operating or textile machine).

[0050] The surface area of the reflecting element 25A that reflects the light (and detected as free by the sensor 31) is inversely proportional to the quantity of thread wound on the drum and the control of the latter can be carried out in a direct manner: if it is desired to increase the accepted quantity of thread that is wound on the drum, it is sufficient to set a different limit for the response signal generated by the sensor 31 on the basis of the light emitted (e.g. reflected) by the reflecting element 25A. This limit, if increased, will involve a decrease of the number of turns wound on the drum, while if decreased it will involve an increase of such turns. This occurs through the action of the control unit (connected to the sensor 31) on the electric motor that operates the rotation of the drum.

[0051] The presence of multiple reflecting elements 25A arranged on the drum 16 increases the precision of the system since the control algorithm is capable of making more decisions within one cylinder revolution.

[0052] Due to the fact that the drum during the working steps is moving, the alternation of reflecting elements spaced by non-reflecting elements generates a pulsed and intermittent signal that allows precisely recognizing the presence of the thread and its density even in the case of possible accumulation of dirt or of a reflecting thread.

[0053] With reference to FIGS. 3-6, the signal generated by the sensor 31 in the absence of thread on the drum is shown therein. The signal comprises a series of pulses 50 of equal intensity separated by a definite time interval 51. Of course, each revolution of the drum corresponds with a number of pulses (50) equal to the number of reflecting elements, spaced by non-reflection zones (51).

[0054] Each single pulse corresponds with the point at which the sensor 31 intercepts the light reflected by the reflecting element 25A arranged on the drum 16. The intensity of the pulse is an inverse function of the density of thread wound on the drum 16 and thus the greater the intensity of the pulse, the smaller the density of thread wound on the wheel.

[0055] FIG. 4 shows the detection of an average density of thread wound on the drum: as can be inferred from the figure, the intensity of the pulses 50 is reduced with respect to the situation of FIG. 3.

[0056] It is thus inferred that the difference d between the intensity of the pulse in a situation with drum unloaded, determined from the line c, and the intensity of the pulse in the presence of turns wound on the drum 16 is a function of the density of the thread itself.

[0057] FIG. 6 shows the variation (curve f) of the intensity of the pulses over time with the variation of the density of thread present on the drum.

[0058] It is underlined that the device is also programmed for having a maximum limit and a minimum limit for the intensity of the pulses, such to render cases of complete absence of the thread or of excessive accumulation on the drum easily identifiable, possibly generating alarms.

[0059] The continuous alternation of reflecting and non-reflecting zones also allows intercepting, with absolute certainty, the limit conditions such as a drum with excessive load (the control electronics do not detect any reflection peak 50) or the presence of an extremely reflecting thread, in this case the sensor would detect a continuous signal (FIG. 5).

[0060] Therefore, the feeder 10 according to the invention is not only able to detect the presence of any type of textile thread, but it is also able to manage the supply wound on the drum in complete autonomy, keeping it constant over time in accordance with the requirements, and with extreme precision.

[0061] It is therefore clear that the invention, with respect to the known solutions (whose limits have been described above), represents an inventive step, increasing the capacity of a feeding device and allowing ever-increasing precision in the control exerted on the feeding of the thread to a textile machine.

[0062] Preferably, in order to have greater detection precision, the presence is provided of a second series of reflecting elements and corresponding light generator means and sensors only arranged in proximity to the upper end 23A of the surface 23 of the drum 16 and in a distal position with respect to the main series. The detection of the light reflected by such second series of reflecting elements, arranged in a position in which an absence of thread is normally detected, gives in response a signal (defined as standard) like an alternation of reflection/non-reflection steps that is defined and constant over time.

[0063] Therefore, if a metal thread is used, or a thread is used with characteristics such to make it in turn reflecting, through the comparison of the signals generated by the two series of sensors, it is possible to understand if the continuous reflected light signal detected by the sensor 31 or main sensor as an error (e.g. irregularity, dirt accumulation or failure) or due to the actual presence of a thread with particular characteristics, allowing a timely setting of the device which therefore continues to perform its function of feeding and control of the supply of thread wound on the drum.

[0064] Due to the invention, it is possible to decide, and maintain constant over time, the density of turns (hence the supply) to be accumulated on the drum.

[0065] In addition, the actuation of the invention does not involve any impediment of the correct feeder device operation due to particular characteristics of the thread used and, with respect to the known solutions, there is a lower possibility of operation interruption due to mechanical failures or deteriorations of the device in the thread detection part thereof.

[0066] The invention allows greater precision in maintaining constant over time the tension of the thread and the quantity of supply accumulated on the drum 16 and does not generate any effect on the tension of the thread during its unwinding from the drum, nor friction caused by mechanical members for measuring the deposited thread supply.

[0067] Due to the use of the sensor 31 made as CCD, it is possible to read/control a greater area of the drum with respect to that done in the known solutions.

[0068] In addition, the rotation of the drum ensures a perfect alignment between each reflecting element and the sensor 31, without having to have absolute mechanical precision.

[0069] Finally, the reflecting element is mounted on the drum 16 at a height such that the passing thread can clean it, thus eliminating the problem of possible dirt accumulation.

[0070] Of course, the control unit can detect problems in the creation of the supply on the drum and generate alarms due to excessive supply and insufficient supply, always working on the received reflection value.