GAS COOLING-SCRUBBING APPARATUS AND METHOD

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus and an associated method. There is provided a gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus, comprising: a cyclone jet scrubbing unit, a spray scrubbing unit, a filtering spray unit, and a coalescing dehydration unit, wherein the cyclone jet scrubbing unit comprises a cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2), a cyclone jet cooling water pipe (15), a cyclone jet pipe plate (14) and a cyclone jet overflow pipe (13); wherein the spray scrubbing unit comprises a spray filtering pipe (3), a spray pipe plate (11), a spray overflow pipe (12), a scrubbing nozzle (9) and a scrubbing nozzle water pipe (10); wherein the filtering spray unit comprises a filtering bed (4), a spray head (7) and a spray water pipe (8); and wherein the coalescing dehydration unit comprises a coalescing bed (5). There is also provided a gas cooling-scrubbing method.

Claims

1. A gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus, comprising: a cyclone jet scrubbing unit, a spray scrubbing unit, a filtering spray unit and a coalescing dehydration unit, wherein the cyclone jet scrubbing unit comprises a cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2), a cyclone jet cooling water pipe (15), a cyclone jet pipe plate (14) and a cyclone jet overflow pipe (13); wherein the spray scrubbing unit comprises a spray filtering pipe (3), a spray pipe plate (11), a spray overflow pipe (12), a scrubbing nozzle (9) and a scrubbing nozzle water pipe (10); wherein the filtering spray unit comprises a filtering bed (4), a spray head (7) and a spray water pipe (8); and wherein the coalescing dehydration unit comprises a coalescing bed (5).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2) includes a jetting region and a cyclone region, wherein the jetting region is provided with a cyclone jet inlet (2-1), a nozzle (2-2), a contraction section (2-3), a mixing section (2-4), and an diffuser section (2-5), wherein the contraction section (2-3) has an angle of greater than 10° and less than 45°, the diffuser section (2-5) has an angle of greater than 2° and less than 20°, and the nozzle (2-2) has a spray angle of greater than 10° and a spray range covering the entire contraction section (2-3), wherein the cyclone region is provided with a tangential inlet (2-6), a cyclone pipe (2-8), a sedimentation outlet (2-10), a cyclone jet pipe (2-8) and a bubble cap (2-7).

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the spray filtering pipe (3) is provided with a spray inlet (3-1), a filtering module (3-2) and a spray port (3-3), wherein the spray port (3-3) is an expanding outlet having an expanding angle of less than or equal to 10°, and the filtering module (3-2) has a filter fineness of 10-200 mesh.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the filtering bed (4) has a filter fineness of 200-2000 mesh.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the scrubbing nozzle (9) and the spray filtering pipe (3) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence and concentrically; the scrubbing nozzle (9) has a spray angle of greater than 20°; a distance from the scrubbing nozzle (9) to the spray port (3-3) is greater than an outlet diameter D of the spray port (3-3); and a spray range covers the whole spray port (3-3) of the spray filtering pipe (3).

6. A gas cooling-scrubbing method, comprising the following steps: (a) feeding a dusty gas into a cyclone jet scrubbing unit from a gaseous phase inlet (1), wherein the gas enters a jetting region of a cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2) from a cyclone jet inlet (2-1), and is fully mixed with and cooled by scrubbing water sprayed from a nozzle (2-2) in a contraction section (2-3), a mixing section (2-4) and an diffuser section (2-5); wherein after solid particles are captured by atomized droplets to form a liquid-solid combinant, the combinant enters a cyclone region of the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2) through a tangential inlet (2-6); wherein the liquid-solid combinant sinks under an action of centrifugal force in a cyclone pipe (2-8) and is discharged from a sedimentation outlet (2-10); and wherein the gas treated by cyclone jetting rises, is discharged from a cyclone jet pipe (2-8) and enters a spray scrubbing unit; (b) allowing the gas treated by cyclone jetting to enter a spray filtering pipe (3) via spray inlet (3-1) in the spray scrubbing unit, wherein after the gas is further filtered by a filtering module (3-2), the gas is discharged upward from a spray port (3-3) at a reduced rate; wherein high-pressure scrubbing water is sprayed downward from a scrubbing nozzle (9), and collides with the rising gas to further cool and scrub the gas; and wherein at the same time, tiny solid particles in the filtering module (3-2) are detached from the module by backwash of the high-pressure scrubbing water to increase a service life of the filtering module (3-2); (c) allowing the gas treated by spray scrubbing in step (b) to enter a filtering spray unit, wherein a spray head (7) disposed above a filtering bed (4) sprays cooling-scrubbing water downward to further reinforce a cooling-scrubbing effect; (d) allowing the gas treated by filtering spray in step (c) to enter a coalescing dehydration unit, wherein a coalescing bed (5) captures tiny droplets in the gas to prevent the gas phase from entraining droplets into a downstream device, and the treated gas is discharged from a gas phase outlet (6).

7. The method of claim 6, wherein waste scrubbing water is discharged from a liquid discharge port (17); circulating water flows out from a circulating water outlet (16); the solid particles in the circulating water are filtered through a filter; and at the same time, fresh water is replenished through a circulating water outlet pipeline.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein a liquid phase at a bottom of the cyclone jet scrubbing unit forms a liquid seal at the sedimentation outlet (2-10) of the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2) to drive the gas to enter the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2) from the cyclone jet inlet (2-1); a gas treating capacity of the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2) is not more than 1000 m.sup.3/h; and a fresh water supplement is 0.5-5 vol % of a gas intake.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein a flow volume of scrubbing water in the nozzle (2-2) of the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe (2) is 0.2-2 vol % of a volume of the gas to be treated; a flow volume of high-pressure scrubbing water in the scrubbing nozzle (9) of the spray scrubbing unit is 1-5 vol % of the volume of the gas to be treated; and a flow volume of the cooling-scrubbing water in the spray head (7) of the filtering spray unit is 2-10 vol % of the volume of the gas to be treated.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided for better understanding of the disclosure. They constitute a part of the specification for further explanation of the disclosure without limiting the disclosure.

[0031] In the drawings, the components are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0032] FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a gas cooling-scrubbing process according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spray filtering pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] In the drawings, the reference numbers represent the following apparatus and internal parts respectively:

[0037] A: gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus; B: filter; 1: gas phase inlet; 2: cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe; 3: spray filtering pipe; 4: filtering bed; 5: coalescing bed; 6: gas phase outlet; 7: spray head; 8: spray water pipe; 9: scrubbing nozzle; 10: scrubbing nozzle water pipe; 11: spray pipe plate; 12: spray overflow pipe; 13: cyclone jet overflow pipe; 14: cyclone jet pipe plate 15: cyclone jet cooling water pipe; 16: circulating water outlet; 17: liquid discharge port; 2-1: cyclone jet inlet; 2-2: nozzle; 2-3: contraction section; 2-4: mixing section; 2-5: diffuser section; 2-6: tangential inlet; 2-7: bubble cap; 2-8: cyclone jet pipe; 2-9: cyclone pipe; 2-10: sedimentation outlet; 3-1: spray inlet; 3-2: filtering module; 3-3: spray port.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure, the technical solution and the beneficial effects clearer, the present invention is now further illustrated with reference to the following accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present disclosure, not to limit the present disclosure.

[0039] After studying the collision mechanism of solid particles and water droplets, the inventor of the present application have discovered that there are three main ways for solid particles to contact and coalesce with a liquid phase: (1) inertial deposition of larger particles; (2) capture and interception by water droplets in the direction of the gas flow; and (3) the diffusion mechanism of smaller particles due to the action of the circumferential turbulence field. In order to reinforce the gas cooling-scrubbing effect and enhance the separation efficiency, the cyclone jet scrubbing, spray scrubbing, filtering spray and coalescing separation technologies may be used. Based on the above discoveries, the present invention has been accomplished.

[0040] The technical concept of the present invention is as follows:

[0041] The gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus according to the present disclosure comprises: a cyclone jet scrubbing unit, a spray scrubbing unit, a filtering spray unit and a coalescing dehydration unit. After a dusty gas is treated by the apparatus, solid particles are captured by the scrubbing water to form a liquid-solid combinant which is separated from the gas. The treated gas is discharged from a top exhaust port, and the waste scrubbing water is discharged from a liquid discharge port. The circulating water in the apparatus flows out from a circulating water outlet, and the solid particles in the circulating water are filtered through a filter. At the same time, fresh water is replenished to the apparatus through a circulating water outlet pipeline. While the tiny solid particles in the gas are separated, the gas is cooled by water. The apparatus is suitable for popularization and application in the field of gas scrubbing.

[0042] First, the dusty gas enters the cyclone jet scrubbing unit from the gas phase inlet, enters the jetting region of the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe from the cyclone jet inlet, and is fully mixed with the scrubbing water sprayed from the nozzle in the contraction section, the mixing section and the diffuser section. After the solid particles are captured by the atomized droplets to form a liquid-solid combinant, the combinant enters the cyclone region from the tangential inlet. Under the action of centrifugal force in the cyclone pipe, the liquid-solid combinant sinks and is discharged from the sedimentation outlet, while the gas treated by cyclone jetting rises, and is discharged into the spray scrubbing unit through the cyclone jet pipe. In the spray scrubbing unit, the gas treated by cyclone jetting enters the jet filtering pipe from the spray inlet, is further filtered by the filtering module, and then discharged upward from the spray port at a reduced rate. The high-pressure scrubbing water is sprayed downward through the scrubbing nozzle to collide with the rising gas, so as to further cool and scrub the gas. At the same time, the tiny solid particles in the filtering module are detached from the module by the backwash of the high-pressure scrubbing water to prolong the service life of the filtering module. The gas treated by spray scrubbing enters the filtering spray unit, wherein the spray head disposed above the filtering bed sprays cooling-scrubbing water downward to further reinforce the cooling-scrubbing effect. The gas treated by filtering spray enters the coalescing dehydration unit, wherein the coalescing bed can capture the tiny droplets in the gas effectively to prevent the gas phase from entraining droplets into a downstream device, and the treated gas is discharged from the gas phase outlet.

[0043] Now, specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a gas cooling-scrubbing process according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, a high-temperature dusty gas enters a gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus A from a gas inlet. Solid particles are captured by scrubbing water to form a liquid-solid combinant which is separated from the gas. The treated gas is discharged from an exhaust port on the top of the apparatus, and the waste scrubbing water is discharged from a liquid discharge port. The circulating water in the apparatus flows out from a circulating water outlet, and the solid particles in the circulating water are filtered through a filter B. At the same time, fresh water is replenished to the apparatus through a circulating water outlet pipeline.

[0045] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, a high-temperature dusty gas first enters a cyclone jet scrubbing unit from a gas phase inlet 1, wherein the cyclone jet scrubbing unit comprises a cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe 2, a cyclone jet cooling water pipe 15, a cyclone jet pipe plate 14 and a cyclone jet overflow pipe 13. The gas treated by cyclone jetting rises and enters a spray scrubbing unit, wherein the spray scrubbing unit comprises a spray filtering pipe 3, a spray pipe plate 11, a spray overflow pipe 12, a scrubbing nozzle 9 and a scrubbing nozzle water pipe 10. The gas treated by spray scrubbing enters a filtering spray unit, wherein the filtering spray unit comprises a filtering bed 4, a spray head 7 and a spray water pipe 8. The gas treated by filtering spray enters a coalescing dehydration unit, wherein the coalescing dehydration unit comprises a coalescing bed 5. The treated gas is discharged from a gas phase outlet 6; the waste scrubbing water is discharged from a liquid discharge port 17; and the circulating water in the apparatus flows out from a circulating water outlet 16.

[0046] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe includes a jetting region and a cyclone region. The jetting region is provided with a cyclone jet inlet 2-1, a nozzle 2-2, a contraction section 2-3, a mixing section 2-4 and an diffuser section 2-5. The cyclone region is provided with a tangential inlet 2-6, a cyclone pipe 2-9, a sedimentation outlet 2-10, a cyclone jet nozzle 2-8 and a bubble cap 2-7. By means of the jet principle, the cyclone jet scrubbing monopipe allows the solid particles in the gas to collide with the water droplets atomized by the nozzle and be intercepted and trapped. At the same time, the temperature is decreased by water cooling. After the solid particles are captured during the spray scrubbing, the liquid-solid combinant enters the inside of the cyclone pipe from the tangential inlet under the action of a pressure, and rotates at a high speed, so that the gas flow is accelerated, and a spiral flow state is developed. Due to further reduction of the cross-section of the flow passage, the cyclone speed continues to increase, forming a stable centrifugal force field inside the cyclone pipe. The gas phase with a light specific gravity coalesces into a gas core in the central zone of the cyclone pipe, and is discharged from the cyclone jet pipe. The liquid-solid combinant with a heavier specific gravity is discharged from the sedimentation outlet, thereby realizing rapid separation of coke-containing water droplets from flexible coking gas.

[0047] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spray filtering pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the spray filtering pipe is provided with a spray inlet 3-1, a filtering module 3-2 and a spray port 3-3. The internal filtering module in the spray filtering pipe is used to filter the residual fine solid particles in the gas phase. At the same time, a spray head is provided above the spray port to enable countercurrent contact of the sprayed water droplets with the gas to reinforce scrubbing and prevent the filtering module from clogging.

EXAMPLES

[0048] The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific Examples. It is nevertheless to be appreciated that these Examples are only intended to exemplify the invention without limiting the scope of the invention. The test methods in the following examples for which no specific conditions are indicated will be carried out generally under conventional conditions or under those conditions suggested by the manufacturers. Unless otherwise specified, all parts are parts by weight, and all percentages are percentages by weight.

Example 1

[0049] A gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus according to the present disclosure was used in a delayed coking and decoking device. A cyclone jet scrubbing unit, a spray scrubbing unit, a filtering spray unit, and a coalescing dehydration unit were provided to scrub the coke powder in the gas phase.

[0050] (1) Process Conditions

[0051] The average particle size of the coke powder in the gas phase was 20 μm, the mass concentration was about 250 mg/m.sup.3, and the gas intake was 200,000 m.sup.3/h.

[0052] (2) Process Flow and Apparatus

[0053] The process flow is shown in FIG. 1, wherein the filter was a bag filter. The apparatus is shown in FIG. 2, wherein 250 cyclone jet scrubbing monopipes and 250 spray filtering pipes were provided, and the fresh water supplement was 2 vol % of the gas intake.

[0054] (3) Application Effect

[0055] The mass concentration of the coke powder in the gas phase was reduced to no more than 10 mg/m.sup.3.

Example 2

[0056] A gas cooling-scrubbing apparatus according to the present disclosure was used in a flexicoking and flexible coking gas decoking device. A cyclone jet scrubbing unit, a spray scrubbing unit, a filtering spray unit, and a coalescing dehydration unit were provided to scrub the coke powder in the gas phase.

[0057] (1) Process Conditions

[0058] The average particle size of the coke powder in the flexible coking gas was 10 μm, the mass concentration was about 50 mg/m.sup.3, the gas intake was 300,000 m.sup.3/h, and the gas temperature was 91° C.

[0059] (2) Process Flow and Apparatus

[0060] The process flow is shown in FIG. 1, wherein the filter was a bag filter. The apparatus is shown in FIG. 2, wherein 400 cyclone jet scrubbing monopipes and 400 spray filtering pipes were provided, and the fresh water supplement was 2 vol % of the gas intake.

[0061] (3) Application Effect

[0062] The mass concentration of the coke powder in the gas phase was reduced to no more than 10 mg/m.sup.3, and the temperature was decreased to not higher than 50° C.

[0063] The Examples listed above are only preferred examples in the disclosure, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Equivalent variations and modifications according to the disclosure in the scope of the present application for invention all fall in the technical scope of the disclosure.

[0064] All of the documents mentioned in the disclosure are incorporated herein by reference, as if each of them were incorporated herein individually by reference. It is to be further understood that various changes or modifications to the invention can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the invention, and these equivalent variations fall in the scope defined by the accompanying claims of the application as well.